Annual JJ/WBGSP THE JOINT Report JAPAN/WORLD BANK GRADUATE A Capacity JJ/WBGSP SCHOLARSHIP Building 2003 PROGRAM THE JOINT Initiative for JAPAN/WORLD BANK Developing A Capacity Building GRADUATE Countries Initiative for SCHOLARSHIP Developing Countries PROGRAM W O R L D B A N K I N S T I T U T E W O R L D B A N K I N S T I T U T E THE WORLD Promoting knowledge and learning for a better world Promoting knowledge and learning for a better world BANK TABLE OF CONTENTS Mission Statement .....................................................................................................................1 Message from the President ......................................................................................................2 Message from the Vice-President, World Bank Institute.............................................................3 Program's Ties to Japan ............................................................................................................5 Program Highlights and Achievements.......................................................................................6 Program Description ..................................................................................................................7 PROGRAM PERFORMANCE 1987-2002...................................................................................9 (a) Performance in the Regular Program, 1987-2002 .........................................................9 (b) Performance and Innovations in the Partnership Programs, 1987-2002 ......................12 (c) Human Capacity Building Through Other Universities ..................................................16 (d) Other Innovation and Outreach Modalities...................................................................17 (e) International Network of Universities and Regional Alumni ...........................................18 PROGRAM PERFORMANCE IN 2003 AND BEYOND..............................................................19 (a) Performance in the Regular Program in 2003 ..............................................................19 (b) New Developments in 2003 ........................................................................................20 (c) Performance in the Partnership Programs in 2003.......................................................20 PROGRAM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE...........................................................................21 (a) Source of Funds ..........................................................................................................21 (b) Use of Funds...............................................................................................................22 (c) Cost Per Scholar .........................................................................................................22 (d) Length of Awards and the Effects on Program Financing ............................................22 Program Administration............................................................................................................23 Detailed Description of the Regular Program............................................................................24 Detailed Description of the Partnership Programs ....................................................................26 Application Procedures ............................................................................................................28 (a) The Regular Program...................................................................................................28 (b) The Partnership Programs...........................................................................................28 TA B L E S A N D G R A P H S TABLE 1 ­ JJ/WBGSP Scholars in Regular and Partnership Programs, 1987-2003 ..................7 TABLE 2 ­ Partnership Programs...............................................................................................8 TABLE 3 ­ Development Themes in Academic Year 2003 .......................................................18 TABLE 4 ­ Japan's Allocation to JJ/WBGSP, FY88-FY03.........................................................21 FIGURE 1 ­ JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Gender 1987-2003.......................................................9 FIGURE 2 ­ JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Female Applicants: Distribution by Program Year and Region 1987-2003...........................................10 FIGURE 3 ­ JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Awardees 1987-2003.............................................12 FIGURE 4 ­ Regular Program Awards: Distribution by Home Region and Gender, 1987-2003 .........................................15 FIGURE 5 ­ JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Female Awardees: Distribution by Program Year and Region 1987-2003...........................................19 S TAT I S T I C A L A P P E N D I X Table A1 ­ Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Gender, 1987-2003......................................................30 Table A2 ­ Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country, 1987-2003 .....................................................31 Table A3 ­ JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Gender, 1987-2003......................................................36 Table A4 ­ JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Country, 1987-2003 .....................................................40 MISSION STATEMENT The World Bank has long recognized that the development of human resources, and hence of institutions, is the most important factor in promoting sustainable economic development. The Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program awards scholarships for graduate studies to well-qualified mid-career professionals, who are then expected to apply and to disseminate the newly acquired knowledge and skills in promoting the socio-economic development of their own and other developing countries. 1 MESSAGE FROM THE I PRESIDENT n my message last year, I expressed confidence that the Joint Japan/ World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program (JJ/WBGSP) would continue to fulfill its mandate of instilling knowledge and skills in future policy- makers in the developing world. This year, the JJ/WBGSP's mission continues apace with the number of scholarships awarded more than doubling, from 130 to over 300. This increase would not have been possible without the extraordinary generosity of the Government of Japan, the program's sole donor. Let me take this opportunity to convey my special thanks to the people of Japan and their elected representatives for the increase in funding and the pursuit of humane values that the funding allows. As expressed by Japanese officials, those values rest on care and concern for the weak and impoverished. The Government of Japan considers poverty, environmental destruction, and infectious disease as threats to the very existence of humanity. The academic studies to be undertaken by JJ/WBGSP's new scholars in economics, public health, and environmental science address these very areas of concern and will help poor countries meet their development challenges in the years ahead. Officials in Japan have recognized that these challenges are especially concentrated in Africa. This year, 40 percent of the scholarships awarded by the JJ/WBGSP went to African scholars, giving Africa a higher percentage of awards than any other region. Additional awards have been provided through JJ/WBGSP's partner universities in Africa, bringing the total number of JJ/WBGSP scholarships in the region to nearly 1,000 since the inception of the program in 1987. The scholarship program is Japan's gift to the world, for which the Japanese people and their government deserve special recognition, as well as the deep appreciation of people the world over. James D. Wolfensohn President, The World Bank 2 MESSAGE FROM THE VICE PRESIDENT, L ast year, the World Bank Institute (WBI) adopted a country-focused WORLD BANK business model, customizing its capacity building programs to countries' INSTITUTE priority needs and maintaining a sustained presence at the country level. To achieve concrete outcomes in capacity enhancement, we identified some 40 focus and priority countries, such as Afghanistan, Guatemala, and Sierra Leone which will receive special attention. These countries, among the world's poorest and most troubled, were chosen because of the capacity building challenges and opportunities they present. To support WBI's work in improving development effectiveness at the country level, we are now awarding a greater percentage of scholarships under the Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program to applicants from focus countries. This year, 45 percent of the scholarships went to candidates from these countries including Ethiopia and the West Bank and Gaza. The JJ/WBGSP has awarded nearly 3,000 scholarships in its 17-year history and many have gone to the world's most impoverished countries. WBI strives to reduce poverty by capturing, integrating, and disseminating global and local knowledge. The JJ/WBGSP serves these goals well, because scholars undertake studies at the Master's degree level related to the their countries' development needs and, by far, most return home to put their newly acquired knowledge to constructive use. With its sharp focus on low-income countries, the program is well aligned with the priorities of the World Bank and WBI's new strategic direction. In closing, I would like to express my personal appreciation, as well as that of all my colleagues here at WBI, to the Government of Japan for funding the program for the last 17 years. Japan's total contribution now exceeds US$120 million, providing tangible proof that Japan is solidly committed, not only to the program, but to meeting development needs worldwide. Frannie A. Leautier Vice President, World Bank Institute 3 4 THE PROGRAM'S TIES TO JAPAN T he Joint Japan/World Bank The World Bank Graduate Scholarship Graduate Scholarship Program Program is supported as a part of this has its origins in Japan's meteoric fund -- the Policy and Human Resources economic growth, and its astonishing Development Fund (PHRD) -- a Japanese transformation from World Bank initiative to provide special assistance to borrower to major World Bank lender. strengthen human resources in developing countries. When Japan joined the World Bank in 1952, the postwar nation was running chronic trade Over the years, Japan has expanded its deficits. The next year, in 1953, Japan bor- commitment to this endeavor. Meanwhile, rowed $250 million from the International it has contributed over $120 million to the Monetary Fund to tide it over hard currency World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program shortfalls. Between 1953 and 1966, Japan (renamed the Joint Japan/World Bank borrowed $850 million from the World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program in 1995 to to develop modern highways, the bullet train reflect Japan's central role). These funds have system and other projects. At one point, covered tuition, subsistence and travel costs Japan was the Bank's second largest borrower. for scholars, as well as the costs of Program administration. "We have been striving to build modern Japan as it is, by implementing appropriate Five Partnership Programs were launched in economic policies," the Honorable Ryutaro four universities in Japan starting in 1995. Hashimoto, then Minister of Finance and One, at Yokohama National University, later Prime Minister of Japan, explained draws on Japan's special expertise in infra- at the World Bank-IMF annual meeting structure development. Another, at the in 1989. During its development process, University of Tsukuba, focuses on policy Japan became "fully aware of the management. Three others, at Keio importance of human resources." University, Yokohama National University, and Saitama University/GRIPS, specialize in "Japan's loans from the Bank will be fully tax policy. These initiatives augment Japan's repaid in July, 1990," Mr. Hashimoto commitment to human resources develop- announced. And he added, "Hoping that the ment in the developing world. developing countries will find something meaningful in this Japanese experience, I am pleased to announce that Japan is now pre- pared to contribute a total of about $300 million to the Bank over a three-year period." 5 PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS AND ACHIEVEMENTS · 2,887 scholarships were awarded to professionals in over 150 host universities in 32 countries during the past decade and a half, including 402 in 2003. Over 400 scholars are currently receiving financial support. · About two-thirds of the scholars are from humble and poor backgrounds. · Close to 70% of the scholars are experienced public servants; many have worked in high decision-making capacities. · Scholars study in challenging socio-economic development themes, including: · o Development Studies/Economics; · o Public Administration/Public · · Policy/Management; · o Environment; · o Health/Childcare/Gender Studies; · o Agriculture; · o Infrastructure Management; and I would like to take this opportunity · o Information Technology. to express my deep thanks to the · Government of Japan and the · Increasing numbers of scholars are studying in higher education institutions in Europe and World Bank for their contribution developing countries. to sustainable development in my country (Jordan). · Further outreach and capacity building were achieved through Partnership Programs with Thank you so much for this Program 11 partner universities where 745 scholars have and for your great efforts to close the studied. Four partner universities in Africa gap between developed and developing received training and support in instituting and offering their graduate programs. countries, for the benefit of all humanity. · 97 percent of award recipients have completed their degrees. Yours truly, Amgad Khundakji · Four out of every five alumni are either working Ministry of Agriculture in their home country or in another developing Jordan country. 6 Program Description The Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship home countries in order to apply and to disseminate Program (JJ/WBGSP) was initiated 17 years ago as their newly acquired knowledge and skills to part of the Japanese Grant Facility which was later enhance the socio-economic development of their consolidated into one Trust Fund--the Policy and countries. Scholars are not eligible for employment Human Resources Fund (PHRD)--set up by the in the World Bank and the International Monetary Government of Japan to encourage and strengthen Fund headquarters and field offices for three years human resources development in less-developed after they finish their academic studies. countries. The program mandate is to provide mid- career professionals in developing countries exposure The JJ/WBGSP utilizes two schemes of operation to to the latest techniques and knowledge available deliver its mandate: The "Regular Program" and the through graduate studies. Upon completion of their "Partnership Programs." studies, the scholars are expected to return to their TABLE 1 JJ/WBGSP SCHOLARS IN REGULAR AND PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMS, 1987 - 2003 REGULAR P A R T N E R S H I P P R O G R A M S PROGRAM YNU- YNU- Abidjan- Grand Years Columbia McGill CERDI Tsukuba INFRA Keio TAX GRIPS Cocody Yaounde II Makerere Ghana Harvard Subtotal Total 1987 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31 1988 59 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 59 1989 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 54 1990 90 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 90 1991 87 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 87 1992 105 24 - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 129 1993 117 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - 26 143 1994 102 24 11 11 - - - - - - - - - - 46 148 1995 111 26 8 8 9 9 - - - - - - - - 60 171 1996 116 25 - 8 - - 5 10 - - - - - - 48 164 1997 122 24 8 - 10 15 5 - 5 - - - - - 67 189 1998 147 23 - - - - 5 10 5 6 7 6 5 - 67 214 1999 180 22 - - 10 15 5 - 5 - - 7 6 12 82 262 2000 277 14 - - - - 5 10 5 7 7 7 7 14 76 353 2001 115 15 - - 10 15 5 - 5 7 7 7 7 15 93 208 2002 117 14 - - - - 5 5 5 7 7 7 7 9 66 183 2003 312 14 - - 10 15 5 5 5 7 7 7 - 15 90 402 Totals 2142 251 27 27 49 69 40 40 35 34 35 41 32 65 745 2887 7 The Regular Program related to economics and public policy and management; infrastructure management; public finance and taxation This Program is very flexible and allows the scholars policy; and public policy in international development from the World Bank member countries to study in any (see Table 2). host university of World Bank member countries, except their home countries (see p.24 for scholarship eligibility Since 1992, a number of Partnership Programs have been criteria). Scholars may pursue a graduate study program launched in universities in Canada, France, Japan and the in any socio-economic development field at the master's United States. The Programs in Canada and France were level. The study areas have mostly included economics, transferred, in 1998, to four African universities located public policy and globalization, sustainable develop- in Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana and Uganda. The ment, including natural resources and environmental Partnership Programs span the globe and address a management, agriculture and rural development, urban variety of development concerns as the list below and regional planning, and infrastructure, and health, shows. These programs combine academic rigor with population, and education. specialized training in practical aspects of development policymaking (see Table 2). The Partnership Programs The Partnership Programs in Japan, which started in 1995 in four universities, further manifest Japan's com- These programs enable the scholars to receive specialized mitment to improving human resources in the develop- graduate training in selected universities around the ing world. These programs draw on Japan's expertise in globe (see p.26 for detailed description of these programs). areas of infrastructure development, policy management, Scholars may pursue a master's degree in themes and tax policy which are all taught in English. TABLE 2 P A R T N E R S H I P P R O G R A M S HOST YEAR YEAR COUNTRY UNIVERSITY PROGRAM SPECIALTY BEGUN CONCLUDED USA Columbia University Economic Policy Management 1992 Canada McGill University Economic Policy Management1 1993 1998 France Université d'Auvergne Economic Policy Management2 1993 1998 Japan University of Tsukuba Policy Management 1995 Japan Yokohama National University Infrastructure Management 1995 Japan Keio University Tax Policy and Management 1996 Japan Yokohama National University Public Policy and Taxation 1996 Japan Saitama University/National Public Finance 1997 Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) Cameroon Yaoundé II University Economic Policy Management 1998 Côte d'Ivoire University of Cocody Economic Policy Management 1998 Ghana University of Ghana Economic Policy Management 1998 Uganda Makerere University Economic Policy Management 1998 USA Harvard University Public Administration in Int'l. Devt. 1999 1The program at McGill was co-sponsored with the African Capacity 2The program at the Université of d'Auvergne, Centre d'etudes et Building Foundation (ACBF). It was taught in English, and focused recherches sur le développement international (CERDI) was also on Anglophone Africa. The Program was later transferred to the co-sponsored with the African Capacity Building Foundation. It was University of Ghana at Legon and Makerere University in Uganda in taught in French, and focused on Francophone Africa. The program 1998. was later transferred to the Yaoundé II University in Cameroon and 8 the University of Cocody in Côte d'Ivoire in 1998. PROGRAM PERFORMANCE,1987-2002 During 1987-2002, the JJ/WBGSP of the Program has extended in recent awarded a total of 2,485 scholarships for years to include studies in areas of sustaining studying in 150 universities in 32 World environmental and social development; Bank member countries, of which 1,830 supporting infrastructure development; were in its Regular Program and 655 in and building strong and modern financial its Partnership Programs. and information systems. Moreover, to further support the investment in people, Performance in the studies related to health and population, as Regular Program, well as education are included in the scope 1987-2002 of the Program. The annual scholarship awards under the Regular Program grew steadily from 31 in Regional Distribution of Scholars 1987 to a peak of 277 in 2000. and the Host Universities Development Themes Most scholars have come from the Africa region (a total of 829 or 33.4 percent), The JJ/WBGSP has strived to support followed by East Asia (497 scholars or 20 human resources development in the percent) and South Asia (337 or 13.6 developing countries by approving awards percent), where the majority of the world's in critical areas that contribute to addressing poor population lives and the poverty the social, institutional, and economic alleviation needs are most acute. East Asian dimension of poverty alleviation in the countries received a higher number of developing countries. While at the outset awards during 1999-2001 in recognition of of the Program, the themes emphasized their financial crisis and in response to the the economic, finance, planning and man- urgent need for highly trained policy making agement aspects of development; the scope personnel in this region. FIGURE1 JJ/WBGSP REGULAR PROGRAM APPLICANTS DISTRIBUTION BY REGION AND GENDER 1987-2003 9 Program Effectiveness and Impact Studies tracing higher degree achievements and the living and working conditions of scholars have been conducted since 1994. The latest study was undertaken in June 2000. The Program is in the process of updating the study in the year 2004. These studies have attempted to answer two main questions: · Did the scholar receive the degree he or she was supposed to attain with the JJ/WBGSP scholarship? and · Where is the scholar living and working, now that the scholarship period is complete? The studies found that nearly all scholars Over 57% of the scholars attended host (97 percent) attained the degree for which universities in Europe, especially in the the scholarship was awarded. In those few United Kingdom, while a little under a cases in which the scholar did not earn the third studied in North America, especially degree, the scholar was usually requested to in the United States (27%). A small but return home by his or her government, growing number of scholars chose to attend returned home for family reasons, or for host universities in Australia and New reasons not related to the study program. Zealand and developing countries, especially In some cases, JJ/WBGSP doctoral students in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. completed their period of study with an FIGURE 2 JJ/WBGSP REGULAR PROGRAM FEMALE APPLICANTS DISTRIBUTION BY PROGRAM YEAR AND REGION 1987-2003 10 "ABD" degree (All But Dissertation). appear to be a contributing factor to Dear Government of Japan The scholars in this category are not whether or not the scholars returned to and JJ/WBGSP Officials: included in the "degree attainment" their home countries. Among those who category. In only one case did a scholar have not returned to their home country, I would like to take this fail to obtain a degree because of almost equal numbers had studied in academic shortcomings. opportunity to thank your the United Kingdom or the United Excellencies and express my States as reflected in the total group. In addition, most scholars (a total of sincere appreciation for your However, the return rate was higher 629 scholars, or 85 percent) are either scholarship to further my when scholars studied in Continental living and working in their home coun- studies at Williams College Europe, where immigration policies are try or another developing country or are less liberal. in the USA for an M.A. in employed by multilateral development Development Economics. agencies. All scholars who have returned A very high proportion (over 70 percent) to their home country have assumed job of those who have not returned to their I have completed my Master's responsibilities equal to or greater than home country were studying for doctoral and returned to Thailand. those that they had before they accepted degrees. Degree attainment rate for the I am delighted to find that the the JJ/WBGSP scholarship. More than doctoral program is 91 percent, whereas Development Economics program 40 percent are employed in primarily for the master's degree and its equivalent, has enhanced my competency policy-making related positions. it is 99 percent. As a result, the as a good policy planner. The Roughly 60 percent have taken on JJ/WBGSP no longer awards scholar- program broadened my skills greater responsibilities than before. ships for doctoral or M.Phil. candidates. and knowledge and taught In order to further encourage the scholars Geographic analysis of variations across me about new paradigms in to return to their home countries, the home regions indicated that the percent- economics that I can apply to JJ/WBGSP now supports studies by age of scholars living and working in the development of my country. candidates whose visas limit their ability their home country varied from a high to remain in the host country after of 82 percent for the Middle East and completing their studies. Thank you again for a North Africa (MNA) region to 68 per- memorable and very useful cent for the Europe and Central Asia experience. (ECA) region. It should, however, be noted that the MNA region accounted Yours sincerely, for only 5 percent of the total Program Ms. Worawan Plikhamin alumni. With respect to absolute num- Policy and Plant Analyst 5 bers, the Africa Region, with 30 percent Bangkok, Thailand of the total alumni, had the largest number of scholars (177) living and working in their home country, followed (Williams College) by the East Asia and Pacific Region with 105. The selection of universities in the two most-favored host countries (the United Kingdom and the United States) did not 11 FIGURE 3 JJ/WBGSP REGULAR PROGRAM AWARDEES 1987-2003 Performance and "Program in Economic Policy Innovations in the Management (PEPM)." Staff from the Partnership Programs, World Bank also delivered lectures, pre- 1987-2002 sented seminars, and discussed case studies under this program. During 1987-2002, Specialized Capacity Building 237 scholars studied for a Master degree under this program. The breakdown of the Early in 1991, the JJ/WBGSP further first six PEPM applicant groups and extended its outreach to policymakers in JJ/WBGSP-funded scholars by gender and developing countries by offering them a home region indicates that the patterns tailor-made program to suit their special were similar to those of the JJ/WBGSP needs. The program focuses on practical Regular Program. About 18 percent of the aspects of economic policy analysis and applicants were female. The largest number development management to build the of applicants came from the Africa Region, human resources capacity and alleviate the while the second largest group came from acute shortages of trained policymakers, the South Asia Region. principally in public sector. Under this program, about 25 scholars a year are Institution and Human selected at a university for intensive Capacity Building in studies leading to a master's degree Africa related to the fields of economic policy and management. Background and Programs Description Columbia University in New York was selected through competitive bidding as The early success of PEPM at Columbia the cooperating institution for this pro- University prompted the African Capacity gram and offered opportunity to host the Building Foundation (ACBF) to seek the 12 JJ/WBGSP for advice and assistance, in 1993, to France, was chosen for the Francophone Program. establish additional programs in selected African McGill, in turn, selected as its two partners the universities. The programs aimed at: (a) University of Ghana at Legon and Makerere strengthening the institutional and human University in Uganda. CERDI selected as its capacity of the selected host African universities partners, the University of Cocody in Côte to offer a master's degree in economic policy d'Ivoire, and the University of Yaoundé II in analysis and management, on a sustainable basis; Cameroon. Both Northern universities trans- and (b) to train a critical mass of African eco- ferred their programs to their partners in 1998. nomic managers and policy advisors, primarily in the public sector, with the required professional The Partnership Programs in Africa were skills and aptitudes to address Africa's challenging established through grant agreements involving poverty and socio-economic problems. JJ/WBGSP, ACBF, and host universities. The agreements in each university were to be In order to serve the two major international lan- undertaken in two phases. Phase I consisted of guages of Africa, the new program was divided into both activities that strengthened the human and Anglophone and Francophone arrangements. ACBF institutional capacities of the host African and JJ/WBGSP agreed on an implementation plan universities to perform their training functions that called for the selection of two Northern univer- and those activities that trained the critical mass sities to launch the programs, with the understanding of the in-take policymakers. The former that the programs would be transferred to African involved: upgrading the infrastructure and universities within four to five years. the enabling environment and facilities of the universities and that of their human resources McGill University in Québec, Canada, was through staff developments while the latter chosen for the Anglophone Program, while involved training 120 students in master's degree the Centre d'études et de recherches sur le programs in economic policy management in développement international (CERDI), at the three cohorts. The implementation of Phase II Université d'Auvergne in Clermont-Ferrand, is now in effect. 13 Performance at Host African more of a challenge to the universities that were Universities strapped for funding. The performance, in terms of both institu- Human resources strengthening in terms of tional and human capacity building, in the upgrading the quality of the teaching staff, African universities has been varied -- through inviting guest speakers, arranging encouraging in most aspects, quite chal- attendance in seminars and training, both locally lenging in others. Review missions and and abroad, and twinning at the original evaluation studies3 were undertaken for Northern universities for existing staff, proved all four universities and have provided to be more challenging than expected. While insightful feedbacks. Supervision missions some training-of-trainers and other seminars subsequently followed these studies in were organized and attended by the teaching 2002 (see p.20) to open up discussions staff, inviting guest speakers and arranging with the authorities in respective universities regional and international training on a regular on the modification and further fine- basis, proved to be too expensive and inadequate. tuning of the programs. In African partner universities, the absence of full-time, dedicated, and well-remunerated Achievements and Impact academic staff hampered teaching quality of the program. Performance in terms of the number of the scholars trained in all universities was roughly Implementation and Sustainability in line with the objectives of the programs. Four cohorts of about 30 students each have either Program implementation has been challenging, completed or are on the way to completing their yet the experience has accorded both the host studies in both Anglophone and Francophone universities and donors with valuable lessons universities. Tracer studies are needed to assure learned in undertaking Phase II of the project. the quality of the graduates and their effective- ness and impact in contributing to the socio- Quality of the Program of Studies. The initial economic development of their countries. program of studies prepared by the Northern partners, consisting of a program of coursework Performance in terms of strengthening the followed by an internship, was later adjusted to human and institutional capacities of the host fit the requirements of the host African African universities to perform their training Universities. In most cases, especially in the functions have been quite diverse and varied Anglophone universities, the course load was across the host universities. To improve the found to be too heavy compared to that expected enabling environment for scholars, most univer- in other university programs, locally and abroad. sities undertook to establish and upgrade their The balance between the offered courses needed computer systems, including the Internet, and to be fine-tuned to emphasize economics, as improved the access of the scholars to these opposed to management courses, and reduce the facilities. Upgrading the infrastructure, and in load of the language training. In other circum- some cases refurbishing the classrooms, posed stances, at Makerere University, for example, the 3Revue à mi-parcours du Programme de formation en gestion de la politique économique de L'Universitié de Yaoundé II, september 2001; Revue à mi-parcours du Programme de formation en gestion de la politique économique de L'Universitié d'Abidjan-Cocody, September 2001; Report of the Mid-Term Review of the Economic Policy Management Program at University of Ghana, 2002; and Report of the Mid-Term Review of the Economic Policy Management Program at 14 Makerere University, May 2002. FIGURE 4 JJ/WBGSP REGULAR PROGRAM AWARDS: DISTRIBUTION BY HOME REGION AND GENDER 1987-2003 800 Men 700 Woman 600 492 500 400 226 300 178 200 205 219 90 109 100 183 88 115 74 75 55 33 0 Africa E. Asia ECA LCR MNA S. Asia Industrialized program played an important catalytic role, thus to be quite tight in the Anglophone universi- leading the University to reexamine its rules and ties. The budgetary resources assigned to uni- regulations regarding graduate degrees and adopt versities in the former group were underutilized a more flexible approach to respond to scholars' and posed challenges in terms of the absorption needs and the demands of the market place. capacities of the universities, while funds in the latter group seemed inadequate, especially in Management and Governance Programs. terms of subsistence allowances for the local Management and Governance programs differed students and internship expenses. Payment widely across the host Universities. In one case, systems seemed adequate and the necessary (Ghana) changes in the management of the safeguards to assure the integrity of the financing program took place to enhance teamwork and were in place. efficiency in the program, while in another case, (Cameroon) teaching responsibilities are more Sustainability and Ownership. The adapta- diffused than cohesive. In all cases, the upper tions of the program of studies to the specific echelon and supervisory boards and steering regional circumstances and environment have committees need to meet more regularly, not improved the ownership and the sustainability only to provide the required directions to the of the programs. Continuous staff upgrading newly established programs to adjust to domes- and networking would further enhance the tic and regional market place requirements, but academic viability of the Programs. While also to forge support for graduates and alumni capacity building is a long-term goal, the with future employers. The management team donors' contribution will eventually taper off, also needs to publicize the program more and the host universities have been encouraged to assertively in local, regional, and international rationalize tuition fees and initiate cost-sharing arena to improve the marketability of its gradu- arrangements with student and sponsoring ates and to forge alliances with future donors employers through rigorous marketing. and client scholars and their employers. Marketing activities would not only publicize the program and generate additional students Program Financing and Costs. Program and sponsors, but also help to enhance financing seemed more than adequate in the employment opportunities of the new graduates Francophone institutions while resources seemed and the alumni. 15 HUMAN CAPACITY BUILDING THROUGH OTHER UNIVERSITIES Partnership Programs in Japan Achievements and Impact The JJ/WBGSP has developed five In all, 233 scholars have studied in these Partnership Programs in Japan in order to programs. While the capacity building further improve the outreach of the impacts of this effort and their effect on the Partnership Programs in Asia, particularly socio-economic development of the home in East Asia, and to benefit from Japan's countries are yet to be verified through tracer geographic comparative advantage and studies, the design of the programs provided understanding of development conditions ample opportunities for positive results. This and obstacles faced by the region. is especially true for the three tax programs, which are closely associated with the Japanese Background and Description National Tax Agency, a major agency of the National Tax Administration (NTA). By In 1994, JJ/WBGSP representatives traveled maintaining liaisons with tax authorities in to Japan to explore the interest of Japanese many developing countries, NTA has become universities in offering graduate study in a focal point for the study of comparative tax English in development-related fields. The systems. The scholars in the tax-related pro- response was favorable and the first two grams participate weekly in the activities of programs were selected through competitive the National Tax College operated by NTA, bidding and launched in 1995: a program in which accords them ample opportunities to policy management at the University of apply their university studies in practical ways. Tsukuba and a program in infrastructure management at Yokohama National University. Patnership Program at Harvard University Later, two additional Partnership Programs in taxation policy were established. A partnership program with Harvard Consequently, a program in tax policy and University was initiated in 1999 that involved management at Keio University and a creating a new program, leading to a Master program in public policy and taxation at of Public Administration in International Yokohama National University were launched Development (MPA/ID). The MPA/ID in 1996. A third program in tax policy and program is a rigorous economics-centered administration was added in 1997 at Saitama program designed to prepare development University and was later transferred to the practitioners to further update and improve National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies their policymaking capacities. The JJ/WBGSP (GRIPS). GRIPS is a government-sponsored sponsors a maximum of 15 new scholars each graduate school and research institute dedicat- year for the contracted five years, and 65 ed to policy research and the systematic scholars have been trained so far. Phase II of collection and dissemination of policy-related this partnership will commence soon. information. The number of scholars in each cohort varies among the universities. 16 Other Innovations and Outreach emerging development issues, explore opportunities Modalities of sharing knowledge, and volunteer to provide assis- tance for colleagues from other regions. A summary Website and Electronic Applications of the recent Discussion Forum dialogue is provided in the Newsletter. To further enhance its outreach efforts, the JJ/WBGSP launched its website in 2001. In addi- In recognition of the achievements of the JJ/WBGSP tion to providing information on the nature of the alumni and their contribution to the capacity building scholarships through Regular and Partnerships of developing countries, the Program publishes Programs, applications can now be downloaded profiles of alumni on the website. The profiles are a directly from the website. The website has been means to promote the results of the Program, create an popular; according to the web statistics reports of alumni community, let members be better informed the World Bank Institute, between September 2002 about each other by drawing attention to their contri- and June 2003, there were 885,427 page requests butions to the development process in their countries, from visitors to the scholarship website, 195,981 and to provide an opportunity for people interested in download requests, and 48,420 visitors used the the Program to learn directly from the former scholars. on-line application form. During this period, the Along the same lines the JJ/WBGSP has begun to JJ/WBGSP website was consistently ranked among further support and promote its graduating scholars the top three most visited sites within the World by posting their CVs on the website. Bank Institute, and during the month of August 2002 it had the most document requests of all WBI sites. Expanding the Website in 2003 During 2003, significant enhancements were made to the website. An on-line application form was implemented so that applicants could apply via the internet. When entering their information, applicants get automatic validation of their entries based on JJ/WBGSP eligibility criteria. To increase the audience and to provide information on JJ/WBGSP activities the Secretariat now periodically issues Newsletters. Participants can sign up for the Newsletter on-line or send an email to the Secretariat. Another step taken to increase participa- tion over the internet was the creation of a web-based Discussion Forum. The forum was initiated as a platform to engage participants in discussions ranging from development issues to their personal experiences with their programs of study. Discussion topics that the JJ/WBGSP has hosted include: community build- ing, capacity building, and program outreach. The Discussion Forum has provided an interactive space for participants to initiate debates on the current and 17 TABLE 3 DEVELOPMENT THEMES IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2003 D E V E L O P M E N T T H E M E S NUMBER OF SCHOLARSHIPS DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, ECONOMICS 73 PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT 73 ENVIRONMENT 51 HEALTH, CHILDCARE, GENDER STUDIES 37 AGRICULTURE 22 INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT 12 INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY 7 OTHER (POVERTY REDUCTION, MEDIA, ETC...) 7 International Network of Universities and Regional Alumni In order to increase the visibility of the JJ/WBGSP and forge exchange of information between the alumni, a network of regional alumni has been established and encouraged. Regional alumni coordinators (RAC) are active around the Videoconferences and Seminars globe, in East Asia and Pacific Region, South Asia Region, and West and East Africa Region, Taking advantage of technology to spread and in Latin America and the Caribbean Region. knowledge, the JJ/WBGSP arranged interactive tele-seminars on "Sensible Tax Reform" for RACs distribute application forms, question- scholars of Universities of Saitama, Keio, and naires, annual reports, publications,4 and Yokohama in Japan. Fellows in Washington, brochures to scholars and prospective applicants from the International Development Policy in their region; contact regional institutions Program at Duke University, also participated and universities to increase awareness of each in this event. Additional seminars were also program's initiatives; and attempt to raise funds arranged for Partnership Programs in Africa. for their activities. In addition, the RAC in These included, for instance, a seminar on the South Asia Region has taken advantage of "State Timber Corporation of Sri Lanka" for technology to enhance networking through scholars at University of Ghana and Makerere establishing a website that contains information University; a seminar on "Policy-Based on events, an alumni picture gallery, and a virtual Finance--The Experience of Postwar Japan," directory. Additional professional information on and on "Japanese National Railways alumni are planned to be included to improve Privatization Study ­ the Experience of Japan employment and networking opportunities for and Lessons for Developing Countries" for the alumni. scholars of all African Partnership Programs; two seminars on "Tax Evasion and Corruption" and 4 JJ/WBGSP publications can also be accessed electronically, "The Economics of Tax Evasion" for scholars of by logging on to www.jolis.worldbankimflib.org and the four Partnership Programs in Africa and the clicking on the link Jolis Library Catalogue. In the five Partnership Programs in Japan. search section, type Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program, which brings up all of the JJ/WBGSP's publications. 18 PROGRAM PERFORMANCE IN 2003 AND BEYOND In 2003, a total of 402 candidates were (10.3 percent), Latin America and Caribbean ­LAC (12.8 percent), Middle East and North awarded scholarships, of which 312 were Africa ­MNA (6.1 percent), South Asia (9.6 in the Regular Program and 90 were in percent), and Part I (6.1 percent). The MNA Partnership Programs (See Table 1). region continues to be underrepresented compared to other regions. There are continu- Performance in the Regular ous contacts with the Executive Directors Program in 2003 representing the region in order to find ways to encourage more applicants to apply. Development Themes and Poverty. Over 60 percent of the scholars in the Looking at where the scholars were applying, Regular Program came from humble and poor it was interesting to note that 54.5 percent backgrounds, where the parents had education were admitted to European universities, levels of high school or lower. The majority 31.7 percent to North American Institutions, of scholars (53 percent) studied economics, 5.1 percent to Asian Institutions, 2.2 percent development studies, public policy, and to African, Latin American and Middle East management areas; followed by environment institutions, and 4.8 percent to Oceania. (16.7 percent); and health/childcare and 7.4 percent of the total number of scholars are gender studies (13.5 percent) (see Table 3). In admitted to institutions in the developing many cases scholars are pursuing degrees world. The distribution of the scholars among in fields directly related to poverty reduction. different types of employers was as follows: public sector (66 percent), private Geographic Distribution, Affiliation and sector (10.6 percent), NGOs (13.1 percent), Gender. Similar to previous years, the regional and regional and international organization distribution is: Africa (37.2 percent), East (8.7 percent). Over one-third of the scholars Asia (17.9 percent), Eastern Europe­ECA in the Regular Program were women. FIGURE 5 JJ/WBGSP REGULAR PROGRAM FEMALE AWARDEES DISTRIBUTION BY YEAR AND REGION 1987-2003 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 '03 19 New Developments in 2003 that they would utilize their alumni, connections, and communications with their respective central One of the eligibility criteria for the Regular banks to promote their programs. Furthermore, Program was changed in 2002. Applicants now it was pointed out that the universities needed to need to present a proof of admission to at least undertake measures to assure the sustainability of one university at the time of submitting their the EPM programs during Phase II and beyond, request for JJ/WBGSP scholarship, instead of including offering short-term training and work- just applications to at least two universities. shops to generate funds. This measure resulted in some savings in administrative efforts, as the number of applica- In addition, the directors of the EPM programs were tions dropped by just under 40 percent from urged to enhance their management efficiencies by the year before to 2,723. However, in 2003 the devoting additional time to their programs and Program received 3,020 applications, an increase improving their communication, both with scholars of 10 percent from the previous year. and sponsors. Lastly, in order to enhance the quality of the governance of the program, the university Performance in the Partnership officials agreed to reactivate regular meetings of Programs in 2003 steering and other governing committees. In order to monitor and evaluate the Partnership In 2003 a mission went to Europe (the United Programs, several missions were undertaken in Kingdom, France and The Netherlands) where 2002. Notably, two missions--one in conjunction the following institutions were visited: Institute with ACBF--were conducted to open up discus- for Housing and Urban Development Studies, sions with the representatives of respective African Institute of Social Studies, London School of universities on the modification of their programs Economics and Political Sciences, London School and to draw on the lessons learned thus far in of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of launching Phase II of the Master's in Economic Cambridge, University College of London, and Policy Management (EPM) programs. CERDI, and IHE Delft. The mission also met with scholars studying in these three countries. The mission revisited several implementation Many issues were discussed, especially the challenges. In particular, the mission reiterated scholars' contribution to the Discussion Forum the importance of marketing the EPM programs. on the website. The universities, in turn, assured the mission 20 PROGRAM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Source of Funds The JJ/WBGSP is funded entirely by the Government of Japan and administered by the World Bank Institute (see Table 4). TABLE 4 JAPAN'S ALLOCATION TO JJ/WBGSP, FY88-FY03 As shown in Table 4, the increase in funding has varied widely, ranging from no increase FY AMOUNT (between FY89 and FY90) to nearly 65 per- 88 1,000,000 cent (between FY90 and FY91). In general, 89 1,887,000 there has been an increase each year, except 90 1,887,000 in FY01 and FY02. In FY03 the Program 91 3,109,000 4,349,000 received an increase of 23.3 percent from the 92 93 5,349,000 previous year. 94 6,049,000 95 7,647,500 Each year, part of the increase is used to offset 96 8,966,000 inflationary trends that result in higher educa- 97 11,210,700 tion costs. The Program, however, has been 98 11,870,265 successful in limiting the increases in the 99 12,148,900 annual average cost per scholar to well below 0 13,476,541 the rate of inflation for higher education in 1 10,539,909 the principal host countries ­ the United 2 10,159,937 States and the United Kingdom. In the years 3 12,523,148 before FY92 ­ when only the Regular 4 To be announced Program was in operation ­ a major program goal was to increase the number of new schol- number of scholarships in the Regular ars within the resources provided by the Program each year from 1992 through 2000. Government of Japan. The significant increase A target of 150 new Regular Program schol- in the number of new scholars in those years ars was established for the 1998 selection, is an example of this policy. while in 1999, 180 were selected. In 2000, the selection of 277 scholars in the Regular The launching of the Partnership Programs, Program created a 50 percent increase from starting in 1992, has been a major factor in the previous year. In 2003, by selecting 312 determining the number of new Regular scholars to receive scholarships, the Program Program scholarships that can be awarded. has more than double the number of recipi- JJ/WBGSP was fortunate to receive enough ents from 2002. This relatively large increase financial support to permit it to establish was only possible due to the Government of eleven Partnership Programs and increase the Japan's commitment to the Program. 21 Use of Funds The amounts allocated each year have made it possible for the Program to support 2,887 scholars between 1987 and 2003 at the annual levels shown in Table 4. In FY2000, just over half the JJ/WBGSP's expenditures went to the Regular Program, and the remainder, excluding administrative costs, went to the Partnership Programs. Within the Regular Program, over 60 percent was spent on new scholars and the remaining on renewals. In 2003, 75 percent was spent on new scholars and the remaining 25 percent was spent on renewals. To the Government of Japan: By far the largest of the Partnership Programs in terms of financial outlays are the Columbia and Harvard Universities I write to express my enduring gratitude programs, which have had about 15 scholars per year in each and deepest appreciation to the esteemed cohort. Although each of the five Partnership Programs in people and Government of Japan for their Japan has a high per scholar cost, the overall impact on the generosity and continued support for the budget is somewhat lessened by the low number of scholars. Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program (JJ/WBGSP). Cost per Scholar It is indeed a great honor to have been The estimated average annual cost per scholar in the various awarded this valuable scholarship. JJ/WBGSP programs varies from a low of about $18,000 to more than $57,000 in the Regular Program. At the same time, I fully understand that this honor comes with a responsibility to Lenghth of Awards and the Effects on carry out all of the values and objectives Program Financing of the Program. Initial awards are for the first year of study only. Near the I am sure that all of my fellow scholars at end of the first year, the scholars' academic performance is Columbia University fully share and echo evaluated and a decision is made as to whether to continue a all of my sentiments. second year of support if the academic program so requires. More than 50 percent of all scholars are admitted to pro- I remain grams that require two years of study, and the performance of nearly all scholars merit renewal for the second year. Sincerely yours, Thus far, only one scholar has not been renewed because of Mohammad H. Ghassemi academic inadequacy. Columbia University Program in Economic Policy Management Many scholars try to increase the duration of JJ/WBGSP financial support by making requests for additional degrees or other forms of support. In order to maximize the number (Iran) of new scholars that the Program is able to finance each year, the Secretariat finds it necessary to deny all these requests. 22 PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION The administration of the JJ/WBGSP is undertaken through a Steering Committee and a Secretariat. The Steering Committee provides the overall policy and direction for the program and annually selects candidates to receive scholarships. The Secretariat is responsible for the day-to-day function of the JJ/WBGSP. The current members of these entities are shown below. Steering Committee-2003 Chairman Louis A. Kasekende, Frannie A. Léautier Executive Director, for Botswana, Burundi, Vice President, World Bank Institute Ethiopia, World Bank Deputy Chairman Marito H. Garcia, Yuzo Harada Sector Manager, Education, Latin America Executive Director, for Japan, World Bank and the Caribbean Region, World Bank Members Secreteriat-2003 Neil Hyden, Executive Director, for Australia, Korea, Administrator New Zealand, World Bank Abdul-Monem Al-Mashat Geoffrey B. Lamb, Program Officer Vice President, Resource Mobilization, Marie des Neiges Grossas World Bank Program Assistants Wafik Grais, Song Li Ting Fong Senior Advisor, Financial Sector, World Bank Maria-Isabel Ruiz-Galindo Katherine Marshall, Junior Professional Associates Director, Development Dialogue on Value Timothy Mark Maruska and Ethics, World Bank Francis Coloso Sunaz 23 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE REGULAR PROGRAM DURATION OF THE BASIC ELIGIBILITY SCHOLARSHIPS CRITERIA Most scholarships are granted to complete a All Applicants master's degree or its equivalent. Awards are given for one year at a time and may be extended To apply for any JJ/WBGSP scholarship, the to a second consecutive year if the scholar has applicant must: maintained satisfactory academic performance and the academic program so requires. · Be a national of a World Bank member country eligible to borrow. THE AMOUNT OF · Be under 45 years of age, preferably under the THE AWARD age of 35 and normally 25 years and above. · Hold a bachelor's degree or its equivalent in a development-related field; have a superior The average annual scholarship award is about record in previous academic work. $30,000. However, award amounts vary by host · Have at least 2 (preferably 4 to 5) years of country and university. recent, full-time professional experience in the applicant's home country or in another EXPENSES developing country, and preferably in public COVERED service. · Secure an admission to a master's degree program. Specifically, awards cover: · Tuition and required medical insurance for the Applicants to the Regular Program scholar only, payable directly to the university; must also: · Subsistence allowance covering living expenses; and · Submit evidence of current unconditional · Two economy-class one-way tickets between admission (copies of formal acceptance letters) the home country and the host university, in to at least one university and proof of applica- addition to an allowance to cover expenses tion to another university located in any incurred while traveling. World Bank member country except the appli- cant's country; and EXPENSES · Propose a program of study related to develop- NOT COVERED ment. Usually this will be in a field such as eco- nomics, business, management, environment, · Expenses for the scholar's family; urban/rural planning or a related area. The · Additional travel, including field trips during Program has also made awards in such develop- the study program; ment-related fields as health, education, popula- · Educational equipment, such as computers; tion, agriculture, engineering, information sys- · Expenses related to research, supplementary tems and aquatic resources provided that the educational materials, or participation in focus of the study is on public policy aspects of workshops or seminars while at the university. these fields. 24 OTHER SELECTION Executive Directors, their alternates, staff of CRITERIA the World Bank Group (the World Bank, International Finance Corporation, The Regular and Partnership Programs give International Development Association, priority to: Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, and International Center for Settlement of · Applicants from low-income countries. Investment Disputes), consultants, and · Women. relatives of the aforementioned are excluded · Applicants with few other resources and from consideration. from lower income groups. · Applicants who have had no previous In accepting the scholarships, the awardees opportunities for graduate study outside consent to the employment restriction policy their home country. of the JJ/WBGSP and recognize that they will not be able to work at the World Bank or IMF In addition, the selection process in all Headquarters and field offices for three years JJ/WBGSP programs: after completion of their academic programs. · Seeks to maintain a geographical balance among regions of the world, and World Bank member countries. The Program does not support: · Applicants who already hold a graduate degree from an industrialized country and from institutions such as the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Thailand or the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), in India. · Applicants who are residing, working, or already studying for a graduate degree in an industrialized country. · Permanent residents or nationals of an industrialized country. · Applicants who are refugees or have a political asylum status. · Applicants for MBA degrees. · Applicants for Ph.D. and M.Phil. degrees. · Applicants for J.D., L.L.M. or S.J.D. degrees unless related to human rights or environment. 25 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMS PROGRAMS IN USA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Program in Economic Policy Management CONTENT: Eleven courses, not previously offered, form the nucleus of the one-year C O L U M B I A academic segment of this program, followed by a three-month internship in a multilateral aid U N I V E R S I T Y organization. The internship is a requirement for graduation. Upon successful completion of the program, scholars receive a master's degree in Public Administration from Columbia University. The one-year academic program starts with a required introductory summer preparatory session that emphasizes language and mathematical skills, computing, accounting, and statistics. The regular academic program includes three core courses that span two semesters: microeconomics policy management, macroeconomics policy management, and management skills for policymakers. The courses are based on an analysis of case studies and real-world economic policy issues. Additional perspective courses provide a broad understanding of the nature of development in a global economy. Staff from the World Bank deliver lectures, present seminars, and discuss case studies. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: The basic eligibility criteria are the same as those for the Regular JJ/WGBSP. In addition, applicants must meet Columbia University's admission requirements, such as successful achievement on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). APPLICATION PROCESS: Each year, Columbia receives many applications for the program. Columbia faculty screens the applications and nominates about 30 candidates for consideration by the JJ/WBGSP Steering Committee, of which 15 candidates are selected for financial support. HARVARD UNIVERSITY Program in Public Administration in International Development CONTENT: The Partnership Program with Harvard University started in the fall of 1999. The program of study leads to a Master of Public Administration in International Development H A R VA R D U N I V E R S I T Y (MPA/ID). The MPA/ID program is a rigorous economics-centered program designed to prepare development practitioners. The duration of the program is 21 months including a three-month internship. The JJ/WBGSP sponsors a maximum of 15 new scholars each year for the contracted five years. 26 PROGRAMS IN AFRICA The University of Ghana, in Ghana, Makerere University, in Uganda, The University of Cocody, in Côte d'Ivoire, and The University of Yaoundé II, in Cameroon T H E U N I V E R S I T Y O F G H A N A , I N G H A N A , The JJ/WBGSP and ACBF jointly sponsor 30 scholars in each program to study for their master's degree in Economic Policy Management (EPM). The duration of the anglophone programs at Makerere University, in Uganda, and the University of Ghana at Legon, in Ghana, is 18 months, including a M A K E R E R E three-month internship. The duration of the francophone programs at Cocody University, in Côte U N I V E R S I T Y, d'Ivoire, and Yaoundé II University, in Cameroon, is 15 months, including a three-month internship. I N U G A N D A , PROGRAMS IN JAPAN ELIGIBILITY: The five Partnership Programs in Japan are open to applicants from all World T H E U N I V E R S I T Y O F Bank member countries that are currently eligible to borrow. However, the programs differ from C O C O D Y, the other JJ/WBGSP Partnership Programs in one important respect: they are open only to scholars I N C Ô T E D ' I V O I R E , who are selected and supported by JJ/WBGSP. Details regarding the JJ/WBGSP Partnership Programs in Japan are provided in the sections that follow. UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA T H E U N I V E R S I T Y O F Program in Policy Management YA O U N D É I I , I N C A M E R O O N This two-year master's degree program is designed to admit cohorts of 10 scholars in odd alternate years. The Graduate School of International Political Economy (GSIPE) manages the program within the university, although scholars may study in many parts of the institution. The university nominates 20 applicants for each cohort and JJ/WBGSP selects 10 nominees for sponsorship. YOKOHAMA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Program in Infrastructure Management U N I V E R S I T Y O F T S U K U B A Yokohama National University's (YNU) program in infrastructure management aims to help mid-career professionals gain expertise in the economic and engineering aspects of managing all forms of infrastructure. Within the university, the School of International and Business Law administers the program, although scholars may study in many parts of the institution. The JJ/WBGSP scholars in this program gain valuable practical experience with the assistance of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). New cohorts in this two-year program start in April of odd alternate years. The number of scholars increased from nine in the first cohort to 15 in the following cohorts. Program in Public Policy and Taxation Y O K O H A M A N AT I O N A L The Graduate School of Economics of YNU manages the program in Public Policy and Taxation, U N I V E R S I T Y drawing on coursework from many other parts of the institution. This program is entirely separate from the infrastructure management program also located on the YNU campus. However, some faculty members teach in both programs. 27 KEIO UNIVERSITY Program in Tax Policy and Management Keio University is well known internationally as one of Japan's leading private universities. It holds K E I O the distinction of being the first Japanese university to admit foreign students, a tradition which U N I V E R S I T Y began in the 19th Century. Scholars have opportunities to study in many parts of the university under the overall management of the Graduate School of Business and Commerce. The first cohort began studies in April 1996. New cohorts begin their studies in April each year. The JJ/WBGSP and Keio University signed a new agreement for a renewed partnership in 2003. NATIONAL GRADUATE INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES (GRIPS) Master's Degree Program in Public Finance The major aim of the Program is to train future fiscal leaders in taxation. Particular emphasis is placed on the education and training of government officials from developing countries worldwide who work in tax administration or equivalent departments. Administrative aspects of taxation are taught in the context of developing countries' economic and social development. An internship at the national Tax Administration (NTA) contributes to the students' experience of real problems faced during daily operation of tax administration. The master's degree one-year program in Public Finance is taught in English. The JJ/WBGSP and GRIPS signed a new agreement for a renewed partnership in 2003. APPLICATION PROCEDURES THE REGULAR PROGRAM Application forms for the Regular Program are available from the end of September through January 31st of each year. Forms are available in English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese. Candidates may download the forms or apply online at the program web site: http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/scholarships Requests for application forms by mail should be sent to: The World Bank The JJ/WBGSP Secretariat MSN J3-303 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 USA FAX: (202) 522-4036 THE PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMS Application forms for the Partnership Programs are available from the cooperating university at different times depending on each Program's application cycle. 28 AFRICA JAPAN YOKOHAMA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY MAKERERE UNIVERSITY IN KEIO UNIVERSITY Professor Tatsuhiko Ikeda UGANDA Professor Yoko Wake, Director Program Director, Program in Infrastructure Professor J. Ddumba-Ssentamu in Taxation Policy and Management Management Graduate School of Head, Department of Economics Graduate School of Business & International and Business Law Social Science Building Commerce 79-4 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku P.O. Box 7062 International Center Yokohama 240-8501, Japan Kampala, Uganda 15-45, Mita 2-chome FAX: (81-45) 339-3610 FAX: (256-41) 532-355 Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan Email: Infra.office@iblaw.ynu.ac.jp Email: maecon@uol.co.ug FAX: (81-3) 5427-1638 Website: http://www.igss.ynu.ac.jp/ Website: http://www.makerere.ac.ug/ Email: jjwbgsp@Fbc.keio.ac.jp index-e.htm economics/ Website: http://www.fbc.keio.ac.jp/directory/ YOKOHAMA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF COCODY IN directory.html UNIVERSITY CÔTE D'IVOIRE Professor Shinjiro Hagiwara, Director Professor Mama Ouattara NATIONAL GRADUATE Director, Master's Program in Public Director, Programme de INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES Policy & Taxation Formation en Gestion de (GRIPS) 79-3 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku la Politique Economique Professor Fumio Nishino, Director Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan UFR-SEG/CIRES Public Finance Program FAX: (81-45) 339-3504 05 BP 129, Abidjan 08 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-Ku UNITED STATES OF Côte d'Ivoire Tokyo 162-8677, Japan AMERICA FAX: (225-22) 48-8284 FAX: 81-3-3341-0590 Email: gpe@globeaccess.net Website: http://www.grips.ac.jp/ index-e.html COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF GHANA IN Professor Arvid Lukauskas GHANA UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA Acting Director, Program in Economic Professor G. Kwaku Tsikata Professor Neantro Saavedra-Rivano, Policy Management Head, Department of Economics Director, Program in Policy 1034 International Affairs Building P.O. Box 57, Legon Management 420 West 118th Street Accra, Ghana Graduate School of International New York, NY 10027 USA FAX: 233-21-501-486 Political Economy FAX: (212) 854-5935 Email: Economics@ug.gn.apc.org Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan Website: http://www.columbia.edu/ Website: http://www.ug.edu.gh FAX: (81-0-298) 53-6797 Email: HARVARD UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF YAOUNDÉ II wbgsp@gsipe.kokusai.tsukuba.ac.jp Carol Finney Professor Claude Njomgang Website: http://www.tsukuba.ac.jp/ Director, MPA/ID Program Director, Faculty of Economics and index-e.html 75 John F. Kennedy Street Management Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Economic Policy Management Program FAX: (617) 495-9671 P.O. Box 1792 Website: http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/ Yaoundé, Cameroon programs/mpaid/ FAX: (237-23) 73-89 Email: pge@uycdc.uninet.com 29 A P P E N D I X Table A1 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Gender 1987-2003 Region Africa E. Asia ECA LCR MNA S. Asia Unknown Part 1 Total 1987-1999 Total 16,606 2,499 909 2,445 1,080 3,465 18 580 27,602 # Male 13,954 1,629 535 1,641 856 2,941 17 347 21,920 # Female 2,652 870 374 804 224 524 1 233 5,682 2000 Total 2,275 372 146 352 199 480 0 45 3,869 # Male 1,827 189 82 200 159 378 0 19 2,854 # Female 448 183 64 152 40 102 0 26 1,015 2001 Total 2822 288 145 419 256 459 0 34 4,423 # Male 2,283 150 69 232 186 360 0 16 3,296 # Female 539 138 76 187 70 99 0 18 1,127 2002 Total 1,542 260 105 313 88 365 0 50 2,723 # Male 1,252 129 52 165 66 278 0 20 1,961 # Female 290 131 53 148 22 87 0 30 761 2003 Total 1,830 263 93 329 93 362 0 50 3,020 # Male 1,449 137 34 166 78 275 0 24 2,163 # Female 381 126 59 163 15 87 0 26 857 Grand Total Total 25,075 3,682 1,398 3,858 1,718 5,129 18 759 41,637 # Male 20,765 2,234 772 2,404 1,347 4,230 17 426 32,195 # Female 4,310 1,448 626 1,454 371 899 1 333 9,442 30 Table A2 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 AFRICA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Angola 67 12 10 4 2 95 Benin 341 37 69 22 37 506 Botswana 54 5 7 3 9 78 Burkina Faso 287 42 45 38 41 453 Burundi 79 6 19 5 5 114 Cameroon 551 66 129 42 86 874 Cape Verde 9 11 3 1 3 27 Central African Republic 50 8 9 7 12 86 Chad 139 67 64 21 31 322 Comoros 14 3 4 1 3 25 Congo, Democratic Republic of 576 45 100 48 53 822 Congo, Republic of 184 68 61 21 18 352 Cote d'Ivoire 363 38 55 18 32 506 Djibouti 13 7 2 1 1 24 Equatorial Guinea 7 0 2 6 0 15 Eritrea 15 5 12 30 16 78 Ethiopia 875 134 180 143 213 1,545 Gabon 25 3 8 2 2 40 Gambia, The 111 15 12 14 21 173 Ghana 1,376 187 214 166 183 2,126 Guinea 170 42 67 23 31 333 Guinea Bissau 23 0 0 1 3 27 Kenya 1,383 266 231 113 111 2,104 Lesotho 64 9 12 8 10 103 Liberia 118 8 11 3 2 142 Madagascar 242 38 28 12 52 372 Malawi 308 46 66 40 29 489 Mali 201 13 21 7 10 252 Mauritania 62 5 8 6 9 90 Mauritius 17 0 1 6 3 27 Mozambique 41 10 17 4 3 75 Namibia 35 7 6 2 2 52 Niger 131 15 52 47 33 278 Nigeria 3,058 411 605 298 348 4,720 Rwanda 140 14 26 8 23 211 Sao Tome & Principe 7 1 2 2 0 12 Senegal 269 50 70 24 27 440 Seychelles 4 0 0 0 0 4 Sierra Leone 343 30 39 18 10 440 Somalia 104 4 0 0 1 109 South Africa 99 5 11 9 8 132 Sudan 530 36 35 19 16 636 Swaziland 51 14 3 4 4 76 Tanzania 1,599 186 177 102 101 2,165 Togo 154 34 42 32 33 295 Uganda 1,358 145 128 73 91 1,795 Zambia 535 87 110 69 87 888 Zimbabwe 424 40 49 19 15 547 Grand Total 16,606 2,275 2,822 1,542 1,830 25,075 31 Table A2 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 E. ASIA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Cambodia 73 14 12 14 11 124 China 1024 70 46 56 81 1277 Fiji 12 3 0 6 1 22 Indonesia 384 94 64 54 29 625 Kiribati 2 1 0 1 0 4 Korea 67 11 7 0 0 85 Lao PDR 21 5 8 1 5 40 Malaysia 57 4 3 2 7 73 Mongolia 30 21 15 10 11 87 Myanmar 76 34 58 46 40 254 Papua New Guinea 11 3 1 3 10 28 Philippines 450 64 37 34 35 620 Solomon Islands 2 0 0 0 0 2 Thailand 139 23 12 9 8 191 Tonga 9 0 0 0 1 10 Vanuatu 0 0 2 0 1 3 Vietnam 132 25 23 24 22 226 Western Somoa 10 0 0 0 1 11 Grand Total 2,499 372 288 260 263 3,682 JJ/WBGSP Europe and Central Asia Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 ECA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Albania 65 13 5 8 5 96 Armenia 15 7 5 3 2 32 Azerbaijan 16 3 2 2 2 25 Belarus 30 6 3 5 2 46 Bosnia 10 1 2 0 0 13 Bulgaria 84 10 10 12 6 122 Croatia 8 0 0 1 4 13 Czech Republic 16 2 0 0 1 19 Estonia 9 2 2 3 1 17 Georgia 21 10 17 12 8 68 Hungary 63 1 3 2 1 70 Kazakhstan 20 4 7 3 4 38 Kyrgyz Rep. 23 7 13 7 5 55 Latvia 7 2 1 0 4 14 Lithuania 6 4 6 3 2 21 Macedonia 5 0 2 0 2 9 Moldova 12 4 3 5 2 26 Poland 48 3 0 2 2 55 Portugal 10 1 0 0 0 11 Romania 84 13 16 6 6 125 Russia Federation 77 13 13 6 8 117 Slovak Republic 17 2 3 1 1 24 Slovenia 6 0 1 3 0 10 Tajikistan 3 2 2 2 4 13 Turkey 150 18 7 10 10 195 Turkmenistan 2 0 0 0 1 3 Ukraine 35 8 10 3 3 59 Uzbekistan 16 9 9 5 5 44 Serbia and Montenegro 51 1 3 1 2 58 Grand Total 909 146 145 105 93 1398 32 Table A2 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 LCR 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Antigua 4 0 1 1 0 6 Argentina 194 24 22 30 27 297 Bahamas 10 1 0 1 0 12 Barbados 25 1 2 0 1 29 Belize 9 0 0 0 1 10 Bolivia 97 11 20 15 18 161 Brazil 156 25 31 17 20 249 Chile 139 6 14 19 12 190 Colombia 282 48 46 30 29 435 Costa Rica 51 3 8 7 2 71 Cuba 0 0 1 1 0 2 Dominica 17 1 2 2 22 Dominican Republic 22 5 3 0 1 31 Ecuador 130 15 26 11 10 192 El Salvador 32 8 4 1 1 46 Grenada 8 3 0 0 1 12 Guatemala 28 3 2 4 1 38 Guyana 43 6 8 6 5 68 Haiti 66 25 52 25 25 193 Honduras 26 1 7 2 4 40 Jamaica 65 7 7 12 7 98 Mexico 443 68 48 45 55 659 Nicaragua 25 2 7 7 8 49 Panama 15 1 2 4 0 22 Paraguay 26 0 1 2 1 30 Peru 283 58 74 51 62 528 St. Kitts 2 1 0 1 1 5 St. Lucia 28 1 6 1 1 37 St. Vincent 12 0 0 0 1 13 Suriname 9 0 0 0 0 9 Trinidad & Tobago 45 1 7 1 2 56 Uruguay 81 18 14 13 22 148 Venezuela 71 8 6 4 9 98 West Indies 1 1 0 0 0 2 Grand Total 2,445 352 419 313 329 3,858 33 Table A2 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 MNA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Afghanistan 11 2 2 0 1 16 Algeria 135 29 46 14 17 241 Bahrain 4 0 0 0 0 4 Egypt 390 93 68 17 34 602 Iran 59 15 16 3 3 96 Iraq 18 1 4 1 1 25 Jordan 109 9 14 16 3 151 Kuwait 6 0 1 0 0 7 Lebanon 23 4 1 0 1 29 Libya 6 0 0 0 2 8 Malta 2 0 0 0 0 2 Morocco 132 15 48 10 10 215 Oman 6 0 1 5 1 13 Saudi Arabia 11 0 0 0 1 12 Syria 25 1 9 1 1 37 Tunisia 76 2 26 6 2 112 West Bank and Gaza 16 15 10 10 11 62 Yemen Republic 51 13 12 5 5 86 Grand Total 1,080 199 258 88 93 1,718 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 SOUTH ASIA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Bangladesh 717 62 53 57 51 940 Bhutan 25 4 8 5 9 51 India 1,030 96 83 114 119 1,442 Maldives 38 2 3 3 0 46 Nepal 703 94 103 67 61 1,028 Pakistan 740 199 172 100 100 1,311 Sri Lanka 212 23 35 19 22 311 Grand Total 3,465 480 457 365 362 5,129 34 Table A2 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Applicants: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 PART I 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Australia 13 0 0 0 0 13 Austria 1 0 0 0 0 1 Belgium 4 1 0 0 0 5 Canada 34 1 0 0 0 35 Cyprus 21 0 0 0 0 21 Finland 4 0 0 0 0 4 France 36 0 0 0 0 36 Germany 22 1 0 0 0 23 Greece 31 1 0 0 0 32 Iceland 1 0 0 0 0 1 Ireland 9 0 0 0 1 10 Israel 16 2 0 0 1 19 Italy 21 0 0 0 0 21 Japan 173 35 31 50 45 334 Qatar 1 0 0 0 0 1 Netherlands 7 0 0 0 0 7 New Zealand 3 0 0 0 0 3 Norway 2 0 0 0 0 2 Singapore 16 1 3 0 2 22 Spain 18 2 0 0 1 21 Sweden 4 1 0 0 0 5 Switzerland 1 0 0 0 0 1 Taiwan 1 0 0 0 0 1 United Kingdom 44 0 0 0 0 44 United States 97 0 0 0 0 97 Grand Total 580 45 34 50 50 759 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Total of Developing Member Countries 27,004 3,824 4,389 2,673 2,970 40,860 Total of Industrialized Countries 580 45 34 50 50 759 Unknown 18 0 0 0 0 18 Total Member Countries 27,602 3,869 4,423 2,723 3,020 41,637 35 Table A3 JJ/WBGSP Regular Program Awards: Distribution by Region and Gender 1987-2003 Region Africa E. Asia ECA LCR MNA S. Asia Part 1 Total 1987-1999 Total 404 265 96 184 66 188 118 1,321 # of Men 292 153 56 114 48 143 91 897 # of Women 112 112 40 70 18 45 27 424 2000 Total 112 45 20 35 19 37 9 277 # of Men 74 18 10 18 13 23 4 160 # of Women 38 27 10 17 6 14 5 117 2001 Total 43 20 6 17 8 13 8 115 # of Men 21 8 3 9 6 8 4 59 # of Women 22 12 3 8 2 5 4 56 2002 Total 36 23 10 17 9 12 10 117 # of Men 24 15 7 11 6 9 5 77 # of Women 12 8 3 6 3 3 5 40 2003 Total 116 56 32 40 19 30 19 312 # of Men 81 32 14 26 15 22 5 195 # of Women 35 24 18 14 4 8 14 117 Grand Total Total 711 409 164 293 121 280 164 2,142 # of Men 492 226 90 178 88 205 109 1,388 # of Women 219 183 74 115 33 75 55 754 JJ/WBGSP Regular and Partnership Programs Awards: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 Region Africa E. Asia ECA LCR MNA S. Asia Part 1 Total 1987-1999 Total 532 362 161 229 90 248 119 1741 # of Men 386 210 90 141 68 194 91 1180 # of Women 146 152 71 88 22 54 28 561 2000 Total 147 61 26 41 22 47 9 353 # of Men 94 29 14 23 15 31 4 210 # of Women 53 32 12 18 7 16 5 143 2001 Total 78 41 20 26 10 25 8 208 # of Men 42 22 10 13 8 19 4 118 # of Women 36 19 10 13 2 6 4 90 2002 Total 72 33 14 25 12 17 10 183 # of Men 43 19 9 16 9 11 5 112 # of Women 29 14 5 9 3 6 5 71 2003 Total 151 71 43 49 21 48 19 402 # of Men 105 42 18 32 16 37 5 255 # of Women 46 29 25 17 5 11 14 147 Grand Total 980 568 264 370 155 385 165 2887 # of Men 670 322 141 225 116 292 109 1875 # of Women 310 246 123 145 39 93 56 1012 36 Table A4 JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 AFRICA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Angola 2 3 1 0 0 6 Benin 16 6 0 1 4 27 Botswana 3 1 0 0 0 4 Burkina Faso 21 5 2 2 8 38 Burundi 7 2 1 2 3 15 Cameroon 20 7 3 4 5 39 Cape Verde 1 1 0 0 1 3 Central African Republic 1 3 2 2 3 11 Chad 8 4 1 3 2 18 Comoros 1 1 0 2 0 4 Congo, Democratic Republic of 5 2 3 3 2 15 Congo, Republic of 7 4 2 2 4 19 Côte d'Ivoire 14 3 3 2 3 25 Djibouti 0 1 0 0 0 1 Eritrea 2 1 1 0 6 10 Ethiopia 33 7 5 3 8 56 Gabon 4 0 1 0 1 6 Gambia 5 1 1 0 3 10 Ghana 53 6 4 6 6 75 Guinea 14 4 2 0 5 25 Guinea-Bissau 0 1 0 0 0 1 Kenya 38 8 6 5 12 69 Lesotho 1 2 0 1 1 5 Liberia 6 1 1 0 0 8 Madagascar 16 4 3 1 6 30 Malawi 12 4 1 2 1 20 Mali 7 2 0 1 3 13 Mauritania 4 0 1 1 2 8 Mauritius 1 0 0 1 1 3 Mozambique 2 0 1 0 0 3 Namibia 3 0 1 0 0 4 Niger 5 4 2 1 4 16 Nigeria 55 8 5 3 7 78 Rwanda 9 3 1 1 6 20 Sao Tome & Principe 2 0 0 0 0 2 Senegal 12 5 3 2 5 27 Seychelles 1 0 0 0 0 1 Sierra Leone 9 5 3 3 6 26 Somalia 3 0 0 0 0 3 South Africa 6 0 2 0 3 11 Sudan 16 7 3 3 5 34 Swaziland 3 1 0 1 0 5 Tanzania 27 9 3 3 8 50 Togo 7 4 1 3 4 19 Uganda 40 6 5 4 7 62 Zambia 18 8 3 3 5 37 Zimbabwe 12 3 1 1 1 18 TOTAL 532 147 78 72 151 980 37 Table A4 JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 EAST ASIA & PACIFIC 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Cambodia 12 1 5 4 7 29 China 126 8 7 5 11 157 Fiji 2 0 0 0 0 2 Indonesia 32 9 4 4 9 58 Kiribati 0 0 0 1 0 1 Korea 15 1 0 0 0 16 Lao PDR 9 2 1 1 3 16 Malaysia 5 1 0 1 2 9 Mongolia 17 9 3 3 7 39 Myanmar 21 10 5 4 12 52 Papua New Guinea 3 1 0 1 1 6 Philippines 47 7 5 2 5 66 Thailand 19 5 5 1 2 32 Tonga 2 0 0 0 1 3 Vietnam 50 7 6 6 11 80 Western Somoa 2 0 0 0 0 2 TOTAL 362 61 41 33 71 568 JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Gender 1987-2003 EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Albania 9 1 0 2 1 13 Armenia 8 1 1 0 4 14 Azerbaijan 4 1 1 0 1 7 Belarus 6 0 0 2 1 9 Bosnia 1 0 0 0 0 1 Bulgaria 17 3 4 1 3 28 Czech Republic 1 0 1 0 1 3 Croatia 2 0 0 0 1 3 Estonia 3 0 0 0 0 3 Georgia 9 3 1 1 4 18 Hungary 11 0 0 0 1 12 Kazakhstan 6 0 2 1 2 11 Kyrgyz Republic 2 2 2 1 2 9 Latvia 4 0 0 0 1 5 Lithuania 2 1 2 0 1 6 Macedonia 3 0 0 0 0 3 Moldova 3 1 0 2 0 6 Poland 3 1 0 0 1 5 Romania 14 3 1 1 6 25 Russia Federation 18 0 0 0 3 21 Serbia and Montenegro 2 0 0 0 1 3 Slovak Republic 4 0 0 0 0 4 Slovenia 3 0 0 0 0 3 Tajikistan 2 1 0 1 0 4 Turkey 9 3 1 1 5 19 Turkmenistan 0 0 1 0 0 1 Ukraine 6 3 2 0 0 11 Uzbekistan 9 2 1 1 4 17 TOTAL 161 26 20 14 43 264 38 Table A4 JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 LCR 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Argentina 18 4 2 3 4 31 Bahamas 0 1 0 0 0 1 Belize 2 0 0 0 0 2 Bolivia 8 1 1 1 3 14 Brazil 16 3 2 3 3 27 Chile 16 2 2 0 4 24 Colombia 24 5 4 1 5 39 Costa Rica 4 0 1 2 0 7 Dominica 1 0 0 0 1 2 Dominican Republic 2 0 0 0 0 2 Ecuador 13 2 1 1 1 18 El Salvador 2 1 2 1 1 7 Grenada 1 1 0 0 0 2 Guatemala 6 0 0 1 1 8 Guyana 13 2 1 1 1 18 Haiti 11 4 0 3 3 21 Honduras 1 0 1 0 1 3 Jamaica 4 1 0 1 0 6 Mexico 28 5 4 1 7 45 Nicaragua 2 0 0 1 2 5 Panama 0 0 0 0 0 0 Paraguay 1 0 0 0 0 1 Peru 35 5 3 2 6 51 St. Kitts 1 0 0 0 1 2 St. Lucia 2 0 1 1 0 4 St. Vincent 1 0 0 0 1 2 Suriname 1 0 0 0 0 1 Trinidad & Tobago 5 0 0 1 1 7 Uruguay 6 3 1 1 2 13 Venezuela 5 1 0 0 1 7 TOTAL 229 41 26 25 49 370 JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 MNA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Afghanistan 1 0 0 0 1 2 Algeria 10 4 2 2 1 19 Egypt 30 5 3 1 6 45 Iran 11 3 1 1 2 18 Iraq 2 0 0 0 0 2 Jordan 12 1 1 2 1 17 Lebanon 1 1 0 1 0 3 Morocco 13 3 2 1 1 20 Oman 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syria 0 1 0 0 0 1 Tunisia 6 0 1 1 1 9 West Bank & Gaza 3 3 0 2 6 14 Yemen Republic 1 1 0 1 2 5 TOTAL 90 22 10 12 21 155 39 Table A4 JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 SOUTH ASIA 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Bangladesh 30 8 3 2 10 53 Bhutan 9 0 3 3 5 20 India 101 14 8 4 11 138 Maldives 4 1 0 0 0 5 Nepal 43 5 3 3 5 59 Pakistan 45 15 6 3 11 80 Sri Lanka 16 4 2 2 6 30 TOTAL 248 47 25 17 48 385 JJ/WBGSP Scholarship Awards: Distribution by Region and Country 1987-2003 PART I 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Australia 1 0 0 0 0 1 Belgium 1 0 0 0 0 1 Canada 4 0 0 0 0 4 Cyprus 1 0 0 0 0 1 Ireland 1 0 0 0 0 1 Italy 1 0 0 0 0 1 Japan 103 9 8 10 19 149 Sweden 1 0 0 0 0 1 United Kingdom 1 0 0 0 0 1 United States 5 0 0 0 0 5 TOTAL 119 9 8 10 19 165 TOTAL AWARDEES 1987-1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Totals Total of Developing Member Countries 1,622 344 200 173 383 2,722 Total of Industrialized Countries 119 9 8 10 19 165 Total Member Countries 1,741 353 208 183 402 2,887 40 STEERING COMMITTEE, 1987-2003 CHAIRMAN Chang-Yuel Lim (1990-91) Director, World Bank Institute Pedro Malan (1987-88) Christopher Willoughby (1987-90) Moises Naim (1991-92) Amnon Golan (1990-94) Julio Nogues (1994-96) Vinod Thomas (1994-1999) Franco Passacantando (1997-1999) Vice President, World Bank Institute Jorge Pinto (1989-90) Vinod Thomas (1999-2001) Walter Rill (1994-96) Frannie A. Léautier (2002-Present) Mohd. Ramli Wajib (1989-95) DEPUTY CHAIRMAN Vice Presidents and Senior Managers Mitsukazu Ishikawa, Executive Director (1987-90) Yoshiaki Abe (1991-94) Masaki Shiratori, Executive Director (1990-92) Shinji Asanuma (1987-91) Yasuyuki Kawahara, Executive Director (1992-95) Jean Baneth (1987-89) Atsuo Nishihara, Executive Director (1995-98) Marito H. Garcia (2002-Present) Satoru Miyamura, Executive Director (1999-2000) Wafik Grais (2003-Present) Yuzo Harada, Executive Director (2000-Present) Isabel Guerrero (1998-2000) Aklilu Habte (Advisor) (1987-89) MEMBERS Motoo Kusakabe, VP, RMC (1999-2002) Executive Directors Geoffrey B. Lamb (2003-Present) Girmai Abraham (2001-2002) Callisto Madavo (1987-89) Joaquim R. Caravalho (1997-98) Katherine Marshall (1990-Present) John W. Cosgrove (1991-94) Ontefetse K. Matambo (1993-94) Godfrey Gaoseb (1999-2000) Mustapha K. Nabli (2000-2002) Jonas H. Haralz (1989-91) Gobind Nankani (1996-97) Ulrik Haxthausen (1987-88) Mieko Nishimizu, VP, SAR (1995-2000) Neil Hyden (2000-Present) Michel Petit (1989-95) Louis A. Kasekende (2003-Present) SECRETARIAT, 1987-2002 Supervising Manager Program Assistant Timothy King (1987-91) Maria-Isabel Ruiz-Galindo (1998-present) Armand Van Nimmen (1991-95) Maria Orellano (1999-2002) Alexander H. ter Weele (1995-96) Song Li Ting Fong (2001-present) Ray C. Rist (1997-2000) Michael N. Sarris (2000-2002) Junior Professional Associates Kabir H. Ahmed (2002-2003) Timothy Mark Maruska (2003-present) Karin C. Millett (2003-present) Francis Coloso Sunaz (2003-present) . AV Administrator Information Technician A. Robert Sadove (1987-1991) Logan Van Tassel (1991-95) Frank Farner (1991-98) Anita Woods (1996-2000) Herndon, Abdul-Monem Al-Mashat (1998-present) Team Assistant Grafik, Program Officer Shirly Rajan (1997-98) Maribel de Liedekerke (1988-2000) Monica Civali (1999-2000) Studio Shobha Kumar (1991-2000) Marie des Neiges Grossas (1995-present) Design: JOINT JAPAN/WORLD BANK GRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM (JJ/WBGSP) Phone: 202-473-6849 Fax: 202-522-4036 www.worldbank.org/wbi/scholarships/ Email: jjwbgsp@worldbank.org THE WORLD BANK 1818 H. Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 USA www.worldbank.org/ Information Line: 202-458-2498 Email: wbi_infoline@worldbank.org