iu e 25354 March 1999 of ~man oging pormi g =_5 the city of Ahmedabad in \D>>% Gu jarat. Ahmedabad = Parivartan (also known as =ap:mJ Project) brings basic < infrastructure services, sanitation, in an affordable S \ ,}> and sustainable way to the N1 r_ ; 0S slums and chawls of the , q -_- v_ city. Led by the , O - Y _= -7 ;a' Ahmedabad Municipal I 0 -0 j4 - Corporation (AMC), the AVihswr Iaa eoe Psiah project motivates and facilitates the target in response to an earlier joint through improved urban communities, local Non- initiative of the private sector management and through forging governmental (Arvind Mills) and the AMC, to of partnerships with the wider civil Organizations and the provide basic services to urban poor society of the city. In the process, private sector to work people living in a slum community the Corporation no longer together in a unique called Sanjaynaigar. perceives itself as a sole provider of partnership. UNDP-World Thanks to efforts made by the services but a key player and Bank Water and Sanitation Municipal Corporation, the city's facilitator as well. Parivartan is one Program - South Asia finances have been turned around amongst a number of innovative (WSP-SA) provided to provide a firm base for programs which are changing the conceptual design support. sustaining investments and face of the city today. Parivartan was developed services. This has been achieved premise that services should only services with realistic 'price tags' One thousand twenty-nine be provided when there is a attached, enabling communities slums (informal settlements) and clear demand for them. to make informed choices about 1,383 chawls (tenements) in the Accordingly, Parivartan the size and nature of city, house approximately recognizes that the community investments to be made. 300,000 families - 40 per cent are the client or market and that Ahmedabad Parivartan of the city population - many of the community are also the provides complete linkages with whom have little or no access to main actors in the program. The the existing conditions and basic urban services. In the past, design of the program has been services in the city. The program investments in services for kept flexible and adaptable, is available to any slum which the slums and chawis were leaving room for change in the wishes to participate, and generally norms driven and institutional, social and technical services are fully connected to limited in their coverage. approaches to respond to existing city networks. The Services experienced rapid experience and changing institutional arrangements deterioration leading to circumstances during the course evolve from within the existing breakdown in many cases. of the program. Fundamentally, structures in the city. Parivartan is based on the Parivartan offers a range of Rules and each community household 0 Solid Waste Management After long and careful are making a contribution of 0 Landscaping deliberations, AMC and its Rs 2,000 each. In addition, each In addition to the cost of partners devised a set of 'first household is also contributing providing the above services to cut' rules which attempted to an extra Rs 100 towards the each household within a slum, combine the ambitious initial maintenance cost of the the average cost of connecting objectives of the project services. On-site operation and the services to the main city with the need for simplicity future maintenance of the piped water and sewage lines is and clarity. services will be fully managed Rs 4,000 per dwelling. This has Costs and Cost Sharing: by the community. The recently increased to Rs 5,000 Based on the designs for services infrastructural services due to rising costs. The cost of developed for the slums, provided by the Parivartan linking with city services is to be including Sanjaynagar, the Program are: borne by the AMC, as part of its Corporation has calculated that 0 Roads and paving overall responsibility of providing on average, the on-site 0 Water supply to individual municipal services throughout upgradation cost is Rs 6,000 per households the city. dwelling. Of this, in a cost ratio 0 Underground sewerage One of the key features of of one-third each, the link for individual households this ongoing project is that Ahmedabad Municipal 0 Storm water drainage communities are not mute Corporation, private industry 0 Street lighting witnesses to the process of 1~- -' - - I __- _ t - \ _ E | Sinhesh Ne46Xr t L-s_t__ change but express choice and Rs 2,000. Discounts are The inspiration for Parivarton gain a meaningful stake in the offered for those already in The pilot scheme in project through a substantial receipt of some services. Sanjaynagar, a slum community of 1 81 households, is complete. payment for services. Another Eligibility: All slums and The implementation of this pilot key feature is that besides the chawls will ultimately be scheme was carried out by a provision of infrastructural eligible to be part of the Trust, called 'Sharada', created services to the slum dwellers, project, but there are rules specially for this purpose1. The Trust was financed by Arvind Parivartan also extends to governing what a community Mills (a major local industrial upgrading the overall quality of must do to access services grdup). The Ahmedabad life of the community, once the under Parivartan. To Municipal Corporation provided services are in place. This is participate in the project, a technical and financial inputs achieved through on-going community must form an with the local investments secured and handled by SEWA community development association and indicate its s Bank - an all-women bank programs, initiated by the commitment by payment of being run by the Self Employed NGO partners of Parivartan. the fixed contribution of Women's Association, a well- In the first phase of the Rs 2,000 per household, plus known union based in project, households pay a Rs 100 towards initial Ahmedabad. Community development was undertaken by proportion of the total cost maintenance expenses. SAATH, a local NGO. of services. A household receiving all services, will pay IThe concept and the designs were prepared by ___ - - noted local architect, Himanshu Parikh Napmoo,(DUDFuture Given the success of the pilot project in Sanjaynagar, Efforts are now underway to identify and establish a many slums are now satisfactory institutional structure that can deliver services to all participating in Parivartan. The eligible slums (300,000 families) over a period of five to seven AMC has prepared a further years. Having played a major role in the establishment of the set of 18 slums for project rules and in developing collaboration between AMC and implementation as part of the its non-governmental partners, WSP-SA is planning to provide technical assistance for developing a new institutional surrendly phasecofd thesp am. mechanism for the project (including capacity building) through Currently, a second slum, Sinheshwari Nagar, has its New Delhi Office. been completely upgraded.DehOfi. bheenlum compl isete upgr . A positive feature of the Parivartan Program is that it has The slum comprises 43 families, all of whom have proved to be a very effective medium through which linkages to now been provided with government subsidy schemes may be efficiently made. Due to individual water, sewerage and the basic requirement of Parivartan, to organize entire slums and sanitation facilities, along with document the socio-economic details of each household, it lends itself very well to accessing government schemes for service provision in an organized way. Currently, the state government toilet subsidy scheme (which provides Rs 4,500 per household) has been collectively linked to the slums involved in Parivartan. It is envisaged that more such government schemes will be linked * K / t ~ A 8\ to communities' own efforts through Parivartan. l i to contribute their share of the or could be channeled into the 41 X i d/total cost, with 90 per cent of the provision of trunk services that money already deposited with will enable Parivartan to reach J -^ SEWA Bank. currently unserved areas of the A number of donors have also city. A progressive scaling up is shown an interest in Parivartan. required to achieve the ultimate - External funds, it is felt, may be objective of Parivartan or z ; I used as a substitute for private change, for the city of b_ - * sector contributions in some cases Ahmedabad, by the year 2003. internal paved roads, storm For further information, please contact: water drainage and Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (Slum Networking Project) streetlights. As of March 31, ewrigPoet streetlights. AsgofdMarh 3 Sardar Patel Bhawan, Danapith, 1999, the upgradation of Ahmedabad 380 001, INDIA another four slums is nearing Tel: (91)-(0)79-5353 61 1; Fax: (91)-(0)79-5350 completion. In each case, the Email: mctiger@adl.vsnl.net.in motivation work being done by UNDP-World Bank Water and Sanitation Program - the NGO partner (Mahila South Asia Housing SEWA Trust) has 55 Lodi Estate, New Delhi 110 003, INDIA resulted in 100 per cent of Tel: (91)-(0)11-469 0488/9; Fax: 462 8250 community members agreeing Email: wspsa@worldbank.org Designed and Produced by Media Workshop India Pvt Ltd.