PROJECT Region: East Asia and Pacific Country: Indonesia Focus Area: HIGHLIGHTS Risk Identification Risk assessments (community- based, probabilistic model- ing); risk mapping; infor- mation campaigns, public outreach, etc. Using Participatory Mapping for Disaster Preparedness in Jakarta OpenStreetMap brings together communities to strengthen resilience Overview Effective disaster risk management (DRM) requires robust data to inform decisions about in- vestments in preparedness, mitigation and response. However, at the local level, high resolu- tion information is rarely available. The online, open-source platform, OpenStreetMap, can help practitioners meet this need. OpenStreetMap relies on participatory mapping conducted by local communities, private and public actors who work together to collect and share detailed informa- tion about a given area. As part of the pilot project in Jakarta, Indonesia, high-resolution data has been collected to inform flood preparedness and contingency planning led by the Province of Jakarta’s Disaster Management Agency (BPBD-DKI Jakarta). The data, available to the commu- Highlights nity and the general public, was used in the 2011/2012 Jakarta contingency emergency planning Collection of risk data for 6,000 exercise. Going forward, the risk information can be used by decision-makers in preparedness, buildings and critical infrastructure, development and investment planning. including schools, hospitals, places of worship, 2,668 neighborhood Challenges boundaries within the Province of Jakarta, a megacity with a population of more than 8.5 million, is frequently affected by flooding. Jakarta, and affected areas from past For example, the 2007 floods affected more than a half million inhabitants, and caused more floods. than US$900 million worth of damages and losses. Risk information is sparce at the local level thus it is difficult to determine the city’s vulnerability, raise public awareness and effectively man- Freely available data for stakeholders age risks. In addition, collecting risk data can be intensive and requires specific technical skills. who need detailed information for emergency planning, development and Approach poverty reduction projects. Data collection through OpenStreetMap tools encourages a community-driven approach to DRM. The OpenStreetMap pilot in Jakarta relied on community participation and stakeholder engage- Strengthened technical capacity of the ment to collect detailed information about local infrastructure. A unique element of the initiative local stakeholders in GIS to sustain, is that it brought together different stakeholders from the public, private, and civil sectors. Partici- use and further develop existing risk pants included students from Jakarta universities, facilitators from villages within the Jakarta prov- datasets. ince, heads of villages, government officials, the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team, donors and partner organizations. The local community was trained in basic Geographic Information System Participatory mapping to bring (GIS) and OpenStreetMap (OSM) tools. To allow for wider use of the tools, the software and train- together officials, practitioners, students, and citizens to actively ing materials were translated into Bahasa, the local language. Social media channels (Facebook, engage in disaster preparedness and Twitter, Blogs) were used to build an online mapping community. contingency planning. Results The data collected through participatory mapping provides high-resolution baseline information for the Jakarta Province. that can be used to assess, communicate and manage risk. Moreover, this approach enhances knowledge transfer and capacity building within communities and between different stakeholders, raising collective awareness of disaster risk. www.worldbank.org/eapdisasters www.gfdrr.org Region: East Asia and Pacific • Country: Indonesia • Focus Area: Risk Identification Key highlights include: • Detailed data collected for 6,000 buildings and critical infrastructure, including schools, hospi- tals, places of worship, and all 2,668 neighborhood boundaries within the Province of Jakarta, including the affected areas affected by past floods. • Over 500 representatives from Jakarta’s 267 communities participated in workshops and 70 students from the University of Indonesia were trained in the use of OpenStreetMap and basic GIS skills. OpenStreetMap Workshop: OpenStreetMap • Training materials were provided in local language and risk information was disseminated on informs decisions about investments in prepared- large-scale map printouts. ness and response to natural hazards to protect communities. • The high-resolution data was used to reveal the buildings and communities most likely to be affected by a flood disaster. This analysis informed the 2011/2012 disaster management agen- cies’ contingency plan, which specified actions required by disaster management entities at the “The example of the National province and district levels, and listed available emergency response equipment and the exact Capital Province of Jakarta locations of evacuation sites needed in case of a flood emergency. is very encouraging where • This high-resolution data is freely available for practitioners and the general public for under- using the OpenStreetMap standing disaster risk, planning, development and poverty reduction projects. online platform, detailed neighborhood scale mapping Partnership The Jakarta OpenStreetMap project is led by the Province of Jakarta’s Disaster Management of administrative boundary Agency (BPBD-DKI Jakarta) with support from the Indonesian National Disaster Management and disaster response assets Agency (BNPB), Australian Aid Agency (AusAID), Australia-Indonesia Facility for Disaster Reduc- such as shelters, logistic tion (AIFDR), the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT) and the World Bank/GFDRR. The work is part of a collaboration with the Open Data for Resilience Initiative (OpenDRI), led by the centers and evacuation World Bank and GFDRR, which aims to reduce the impact of disasters by empowering stakehold- route for flood preparedness ers from the public sector and the civil society with robust risk information and analytical tools to can be mapped in only one support decision-making. week.” Next Steps Sugeng Triutomo Given the success of the mapping exercise, BNPB is rolling out this approach in high-risk areas of Deputy Chief for Prevention and Preparedness Indonesia. A next step will involve training students and local government as facilitators to engage National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB) Government of Indonesia citizens in disaster preparedness and contingency planning. Indonesia’s National Mapping Agency (Badan Informasi Geospasial, BIG) is currently working with disaster management agencies and stakeholders to develop spatial data standards, data validation process and standard operating procedure for participatory mapping. The long-term aim is to increase the technical capacity of Lessons Learned community members so that mapping data can be regularly updated through the OpenStreetMap Engaging various stakeholders, tools - a practice which has proved sustainable in other countries. including government officials, local populations and the private sector, helps LEARN MORE to raise disaster awareness, increase Indonesia OpenStreetMap website: http://openstreetmap.or.id the understanding of risk, encourage GFDRR OpenDRI website: http://www.gfdrr.org/gfdrr/labs cooperation and in this way strengthen the collective resilience of affected communities. Social media, participatory mapping tools, local language materials and training programs, as well as working closely with CONTACT local partners can help increase program Iwan Gunawan, Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist, The World Bank outreach and strengthens stakeholder igunawan@worldbank.org engagement. Produced and edited by Iwan Gunawan, Abigail Baca, Liana Zanarisoa Razafindrazay, Zuzana Stanton-Geddes and Christina Irene, The World Bank. www.worldbank.org/eapdisasters www.gfdrr.org