ORGANISATION OF EASTERN CARIBBEAN STATES Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 October 7, 2019 Susanna De Beauville-Scott 177 Colonnade Road Project Coordinator, CROP Suite 101 Environmental Sustainability Cluster Ottawa, Ontario Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) Commission Canada Morne Fortune, Castries K2E 7J4 Saint Lucia, W.I. Telephone 613.745.2213 Fax Regarding: Final Process Framework Report 613.745.3491 Dear Ms. Scott, The Dillon Consulting team is pleased to submit the Final Process Framework Report for the Coastal and Marine Spatial Plans (CMSPs) and Training Project. This report serves as Output 7 to the Project under the Terms of Reference. We trust that you will find everything in order. Should you have any questions or require any clarification, please do not hesitate to contact the undersigned. Sincerely, Ecoisle Consulting Acacia Consulting & Research Dr. Yolanda Alleyne Michel Frojmovic, MCIP, RPP Project Team Leader Social Safeguards Key Expert +1-246-262-4392 +1-613-728-0335 Dillon Consulting Limited Environmental Systems Limited Ron Shishido, FCIP, RPP Dr. Cassander Titley-O’Neal Project Coordinator Marine Spatial Planning Team Leader +1-905-901-2912 +1-284-541-6288 Dillon Consulting Limited i Table of Contents 1.0 Part 1 Context and Background 1 1.1 Introduction & Report Structure .............................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 World Bank Operational Policies OP 4.12, OP 4.10 ............................................................ 2 1.1.2 Process Framework Methodology ...................................................................................... 4 1.1.3 Report Structure.................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Global and Regional Policy Context .......................................................................................... 8 1.3 CROP CMSP Component Description and Potential to Cause Adverse Impacts on Livelihoods .............................................................................................................................. 10 1.4 Stakeholder Engagement in Plan Preparation........................................................................ 16 1.4.1 Principles and Overall Approach ....................................................................................... 16 1.4.2 Engagement Methods & Tools .......................................................................................... 17 1.4.3 Engagement Workplan...................................................................................................... 20 2.0 Part 2 Process Framework Components 26 2.1 Defining Potentially Affected Persons and Communities ...................................................... 26 2.1.1 Potentially Affected Sectors and Persons ......................................................................... 26 2.1.2 Vulnerable Populations ..................................................................................................... 29 2.2 Livelihood Recovery and Sustainability Measures to Assist Affected Persons ...................... 31 2.3 Eligibility Criteria of Affected Persons .................................................................................... 35 2.4 Dispute Resolution Mechanisms/Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) ........................... 38 2.5 Administrative & Legal Procedures ........................................................................................ 40 2.6 Monitoring & Reporting System ............................................................................................. 42 3.0 Part 3 Country Technical Annexes Country Technical Annex 1 - Dominica 45 3.1 Part 1 National Policy Context ................................................................................................ 45 3.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations ...................................... 46 3.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, Legal and Regulatory Practices, and Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 47 3.3.1 Key Stakeholders ............................................................................................................... 47 3.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas .................................................... 49 3.3.3 Key Legislation................................................................................................................... 49 3.4 Part 4 Assessment of institutional and Community Capacity ................................................ 51 3.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps ............................................................................................................ 52 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 ii 4.0 Country Technical Annex 2 - Grenada 54 4.1 Part 1 National Policy Context ................................................................................................ 54 4.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations ...................................... 55 4.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, Legal and Regulatory Practices. and Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 56 4.3.1 Key Stakeholders ............................................................................................................... 56 4.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas .................................................... 58 4.3.3 Key Legislation................................................................................................................... 59 4.4 Part 4 Assessment of Institutional and Community Capacity ................................................ 60 4.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps ............................................................................................................ 61 5.0 Country Technical Annex 3 – St. Kitts & Nevis 63 5.1 Part 1 National Policy Context ................................................................................................ 63 5.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations ...................................... 64 5.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, legal and regulatory practices and requirements .......................................................................................................................... 64 5.3.1 Key Stakeholders ............................................................................................................... 65 5.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas .................................................... 66 5.3.3 Key Legislation................................................................................................................... 66 5.4 Part 4 Assessment of institutional and Community Capacity ................................................ 67 5.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps ............................................................................................................ 68 6.0 Country Technical Annex 4 – Saint Lucia 70 6.1 Part 1 National Policy Context ................................................................................................ 70 6.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations ...................................... 71 6.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, legal and regulatory practices and requirements .......................................................................................................................... 71 6.3.1 Key Stakeholders ............................................................................................................... 72 6.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas .................................................... 75 6.3.3 Key Legislation................................................................................................................... 76 6.4 Part 4 Assessment of Institutional and Community Capacity ................................................ 77 6.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps ............................................................................................................ 78 7.0 Country Technical Annex 5 – St. Vincent & the Grenadines 80 7.1 Part 1 National Policy Context ................................................................................................ 80 7.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations ...................................... 80 7.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, Legal and Regulatory Practices and Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 81 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 iii 7.3.1 Key Stakeholders ............................................................................................................... 81 7.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas .................................................... 84 7.3.3 Key Legislation................................................................................................................... 84 7.4 Part 4 Assessment of institutional and community capacity ................................................. 85 7.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps ............................................................................................................ 87 8.0 Annex 6 Stakeholder Consultations 89 8.1 St. Vincent and the Grenadines – April 17 - July 3, 2019........................................................ 89 8.2 Grenada – Thursday May 9, 2019........................................................................................... 89 8.3 Saint Lucia - Wednesday, June 19, 2019 ................................................................................ 90 8.4 Saint Lucia - May 6 to 8, 2019 ................................................................................................ 92 8.5 St. Kitts & Nevis - April 3 to May 8, 2019................................................................................ 92 8.6 World Bank – April and May, 2019 ......................................................................................... 93 8.7 Dominica – Kalinago Consultation Correspondence .............................................................. 94 9.0 Process Framework Presentation Slides for National Consultations 97 10.0 Annex 7 References 100 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 i Acronyms & Abbreviations CARICOM Caribbean Community CBO Community Based Organisation CCCFP Caribbean Community Common Fisheries Policy CCI Caribbean Challenge Initiative CDB Caribbean Development Bank CMSP Coastal and Marine Spatial Plan CMP Coastal Master Plan CRFM Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism CROP Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project DPSER Driver, Pressure, State, Ecosystem Service, and Response EBM Ecosystem Based Management ECMMAN Eastern Caribbean Marine Managed Area Network project ECROP Eastern Caribbean Regional Ocean Policy FAD Fish Aggregating Device GCF Green Climate Fund GEF Global Environment Facility GRM Grievance Redressal Mechanism ICZM Integrated Coastal Zone Management IPPF Indigenous Peoples Policy Framework IRPF Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework IDB Inter-American Development Bank LGBTQ Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, or Queer MMA Marine Management Area MPA Marine Protected Area MSP Marine Spatial Plan NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NOCC National Ocean Coordinating Committee NOP National Ocean Policy OECS Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States OPAAL Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project PAP Potentially Affected Person SDG United Nations Sustainable Development Goals SESA Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment SIDS Small Island Developing States Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 ii Executive Summary The Coastal and Marine Spatial Plans (CMSP) component of the Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (CROP), referred to as CROP 1.1, includes the development of coastal master plans (CMP) and marine spatial plans (MSP) in the five Eastern Caribbean countries of Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines. This Process Framework Report expresses the World Bank’s Social Safeguard Operational Policy (OP) 4.12 on Involuntary Settlement. OP 4.12 addresses the need to anticipate and respond to adverse impacts on livelihoods resulting from project activities, including restricted access to resources due to environmental protection measures, or loss of livelihood-generating activities due to new or expanded development. OP 4.12 calls for a Process Framework establishing a participatory process to be used in formulating and implementing restrictions on resource use in cases where the State restricts access to resources in legally designated parks and protected areas. Adverse impacts on livelihoods caused by project-related development activities – including economic and physical displacement due to changes in land use or involuntary taking of land - are to be addressed by CROP 1.1 through the preparation of an Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (IRPF). In addition to OP 4.12, consideration is made of World Bank OP 4.10 with reference to Indigenous Peoples, and to an Indigenous Peoples Policy Framework (IPPF) prepared at the start of the Implementation phase of the CROP in collaboration with the Commonwealth of Dominica’s Ministry of Kalinago Affairs and the Kalinago Council and in full consultation with the people of the Kalinago Territory. While no impact on livelihoods is expected during the CMSP time frame, the Process Framework details a participatory methodology to prepare for full community engagement and co-ownership of future mitigation actions. The social safeguarding actions to be derived through this community engagement will ensure that adverse impacts on livelihoods and the environment are mitigated, post project, during the implementation of the CMSPs. The Process Framework includes regional guidance at the scale of the Eastern Caribbean for identifying and engaging potentially affected persons and communities, for collaboratively establishing mechanisms to identify and mitigate potential losses to livelihoods caused by project activities, and to monitor outcomes. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 iii Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 iv This regional framework is comprised of the following components: Project outputs with potential adverse impacts on livelihoods . CROP 1.1 project outputs, and the potential for these outputs to result in adverse impacts on livelihoods due to the introduction or strengthening of restrictions on access to protected areas and natural resource uses, are described in Section 1.3. The specific nature of these impacts is unknown at this stage of CROP implementation, and any impacts that may occur will not be felt during the life of this project. For example, while the spatial planning process may, for example, contribute directly to the establishment of new Marine Protected Area (MPAs) or expansion of tourism sites, any adverse impacts will only occur post CROP and as a result of implementation of the coastal master and marine spatial plans. Stakeholder engagement plan. Section 1.4 provides details on the CMSP stakeholder engagement plan, and is intended to ensure that potentially affected persons participate in the coastal and marine spatial planning process, identifying potential adverse impacts on livelihoods and developing and monitoring mechanisms to mitigate these adverse impacts. The active and early engagement of potentially affected persons and communities is central to the Process Framework. Defining affected persons. Potentially affected persons and communities are defined in Section 2.1, as is the concept of vulnerable populations. The sector most likely to be affected includes fisheries and related marine resource-based activities. A second sector includes coastal and marine-based tourism. Finally, a ridge-to-reef approach to coastal and marine resource management suggests that upstream economic activities such as agriculture and agro-forestry may also be affected. Livelihood recovery and sustainability measures. Methods and procedures by which adversely affected community members will identify and decide among potential mitigating measures, are described in Section 2.2. The overall aim of a livelihoods restoration component is to account for losses to livelihoods caused by project activities and support the sustainable diversification of the livelihoods of affected persons. A livelihoods recovery initiative would focus broadly on introducing a mix of financial and non-financial mechanisms. These include any combination of sustainable livelihood training, in-kind contributions of equipment, and grant funding or soft loans to assist potentially affected persons with starting or improving small, sustainable businesses associated with the sustainable utilisation of marine and coastal resources. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 v While adverse impacts on livelihoods are not expected to take place until after project completion, each of the five national governments participating in the preparation of CMPs and MSPs should be prepared to put in place a livelihoods recovery initiative during the life of the CROP agreement. The Process Framework outlines a future budget needed to support a livelihoods restoration program. The CROP budget does not account for the costs of implementing a series of national initiatives aimed at mitigating adverse impacts on livelihoods. In large part, this is because initiatives aimed at restoring livelihoods are expected to occur beyond the life of the CROP agreement. Responsibility for assuming the costs for delivering training and small grants for alternative sustainable livelihoods associated with these adverse impacts will rest with national governments. Criteria for eligibility of affected persons. Section 2.3 provides guidance on how potentially affected persons and communities will be involved in identifying adverse impacts, assessing the significance of impacts, and establishing the criteria for eligibility for any mitigating measures necessary. The delivery of a combination of livelihoods recovery training and small micro- enterprise development grants will require defining eligibility criteria to determine the formal status of affected persons. As no adverse impacts on livelihoods will occur during the life of the CROP agreement, the Process Framework offers guidance regarding a process by which eligibility criteria will be established during the life of the project, but implemented post- project. Dispute resolution mechanisms. A Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) is required by World Bank OP 4.12 in order to identify procedures to effectively address legitimate concerns of potentially affected persons arising from project implementation. The process for resolving disputes relating to resource use restrictions that may arise between or among affected communities, and grievances that may arise from members of communities who are dissatisfied with the eligibility criteria or mitigating measures is described in Section 2.4. An online GRM that has been established by the OECS Commission is designed to receive complaints that may arise during the life of the CROP. Beyond project conclusion (December 31, 2021), responsibility for GRM management will be assumed by National Ocean Governance Committees currently being established in each of the five participating countries. Administrative and legal procedures. As the institutional arrangements for national ocean governance are still under development, Section 2.5 focuses on the role played by the OECS Commission in offering administrative support to implementing the Process Framework during Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 vi and beyond the life of CROP. Administrative responsibility for implementing, monitoring and reporting on the process of engaging stakeholders, identifying adverse impacts on livelihoods causes by project activities, and establishing mechanisms to mitigate these adverse impacts is shared between the CROP OECS Project Implementing Unit, the consultant, and the National Ocean Governance Committees currently being established in each of the five participating countries. While OECS and the consultant will assume primary responsibility for administering elements of the Process Framework during the life of the CROP, this responsibility will transition to national institutions during the post-project period. Monitoring arrangements. The purpose of the Process Framework Monitoring and Reporting (M&R) system will be to monitor the extent and significance of adverse impacts on livelihoods and the effectiveness of measures designed to assist affected persons to improve or restore incomes and livelihoods. A system for monitoring and reporting on both beneficial and adverse impacts on persons within the project impact area, and for monitoring the effectiveness of measures taken to mitigate losses to income is presented in Section 2.6. As no adverse impacts on livelihoods are expected during the life of the project, CROP activities can generally focus on development of the M&R system in anticipation of post-project monitoring and reporting. However, active monitoring and reporting on stakeholder engagement will occur during preparation of the CMSP component of CROP. Implementation of project activities and corresponding impacts on the livelihoods of affected persons and communities will occur at a national scale. Consequently, the Process Framework report includes a series of Country Technical Annexes offering additional guidance for each of the five OECS countries participating in the CROP: Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines. This national guidance addresses the national policy and program context, describes potentially affected sectors and populations in greater detail, identifies specific stakeholders to be engaged, reviews relevant institutional and legislative dimensions, and discusses capacity limitations. Country technical annexes also includes contextual maps. An Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (CROP 1.1 Output 8) will be prepared in response to the unknown extent and location of potential resettlement that may occur as a result of CROP implementation. While the Process Framework and the Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework serve distinct purposes, elements of the preparation of the former will be used for the formulation of the latter. This includes identification of potentially Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 vii affected persons, eligibility criteria, definition of a GRM and relevant administrative and legal procedures. As a result, preparation of Output 8 may require revisiting the Process Framework Report. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 1 Part 1 Context and Background 1.1 Introduction & Report Structure The Coastal and Marine Spatial Plans (CMSP) component of the Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (CROP) includes the development of coastal master plans (CMPs) and marine spatial plans (MSPs) in the five Eastern Caribbean countries of Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines. These plans are likely to recommend the establishment or upgrading of existing coastal and marine protected areas, the introduction or enforcement of regulations that involuntarily limit access to resources, changes to existing land uses, and new or expanded physical development. If implemented in the future, actions defined in the CMSPs could result in adverse impacts on livelihoods due to the involuntary restriction of access to some resources. This Process Framework Report expresses the World Bank’s Social Safeguard Operational Policy (OP) 4.12 on Involuntary Settlement. OP 4.12 addresses the need to anticipate and respond to adverse impacts on livelihoods resulting from project activities, including restricted access to resources due to environmental protection measures, or displacement of livelihood-generating activities due to physical development or changes in land use. OP 4.12 calls for a Process Framework establishing a participatory process to be used in formulating and implementing restrictions on resource use in cases where the State restricts access to resources in legally designated parks and protected areas. Adverse impacts on livelihoods caused by project-related development activities are to be addressed by CROP 1.1 through the preparation of an Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (IRPF). While no impact on livelihoods is expected during the CROP time frame, the Process Framework outlines the process and tools by which stakeholders, particularly those at risk of potential disruption to livelihoods, will be actively engaged during the coastal and marine planning process and co-ownership of future mitigation actions related to implementation of CMPs and MSPs, post CROP. In effect, the Process Framework is intended to contribute to strengthening stakeholder cohesion and building community co-ownership of project outcomes by offering guidance to identify relevant stakeholders to be engaged at the earliest stage possible in the design of CMPs and MSPs interventions and the process of prioritising investments and actions. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 2 The Process Framework will reflect established practices and methods employed by participating countries, consistent with national legal and regulatory requirements, and consistent with existing institutional and community capacity. The Process Framework will also contribute to mainstreaming gender equity and social equity dimensions into the CMPs and MSPs. The coastal and marine spatial plans will give prominence to gender equity and social advancement, recognising that the non-sustainable use of the coastal and marine environments can create setbacks in gender equity and social advancement. 1.1.1 World Bank Operational Policies OP 4.12, OP 4.101 World Bank Operational Policy (OP) 4.12 covers adverse impacts on livelihoods that result from Bank assisted investment projects. Three sections of OP 4.12 are of particular relevance. OP 4.12, paragraph 3 This policy covers direct economic and social impacts that both result from Bank-assisted investment projects and are caused by “(b) the involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the displaced persons.” These impacts are to be addressed by a Process Framework. Paragraph 3 also addresses impacts caused by (a) the involuntary taking of land resulting in (i) relocation or loss of shelter; (ii) loss of assets or access to assets; or (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not the affected persons must move to another location. These impacts will be addressed in the CROP Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework. OP 4.12, paragraph 7 The nature of restrictions, as well as the type of measures necessary to mitigate adverse impacts, is determined with the participation of the project-affected persons during the design and implementation of the project. In such cases, the borrower prepares a Process Framework acceptable to the Bank, describing the participatory process by which: specific components of the project will be prepared and implemented; the criteria for eligibility of displaced persons will be determined; 1The World Bank introduced the new (ESF) in October 2018. While the CROP falls under the previous Social Safeguards Framework, the new ESF will be used as a general reference in both the CROP Process Framework and Involuntary Resettlement policy Framework where applicable. See: Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 3 measures to assist the displaced persons in their efforts to improve their livelihoods, or at least to restore them, in real terms, while maintaining the sustainability of the park or protected area, will be identified; and, potential conflicts involving displaced persons will be resolved. The Process Framework also includes a description of the arrangements for implementing and monitoring the process. OP 4.12, paragraph 31 For projects involving restriction of access, the borrower provides the Bank with a draft Process Framework that conforms to the relevant provisions of this policy as a condition of appraisal. In addition, during project implementation and before enforcing of the restriction, the borrower prepares a plan of action, acceptable to the Bank, describing the specific measures to be undertaken to assist the displaced persons and the arrangements for their implementation. The plan of action could take the form of a natural resources management plan prepared for the project. OP 4.12 also considers the impact of project activities on economic and physical displacement resulting in loss of means of livelihood due to factors such as changes in land use or involuntary taking of land. These types of impacts will be addressed in the CROP Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (IRPF) to be prepared in the months following the completion of the Process Framework report. In addition to OP 4.12, consideration should be made of World Bank OP 4.10 with reference to Indigenous Peoples. The Commonwealth of Dominica is home to the Kalinago people, living in the Kalinago Territory comprised of 3,782 acres of land on Dominica’s Atlantic coast. The Kalinago Territory is home to 2,145 people according to the 2011 census. An Indigenous Peoples Policy Framework (IPPF) was prepared to guide the engagement of the Kalinago community of Dominica in the design and subsequent implementation of the coastal and marine spatial plans and related policies stemming from the CROP2. The IPPF was prepared in collaboration with Ministry of Kalinago Affairs and the Kalinago Council and in full consultation with the community. An associated Social Assessment was also prepared under the SESA and is to support identification of mitigation measures, procedures for stakeholder consultation and the overall spatial planning process. 2 See JECO Caribbean Inc. 2018 OECS Regional Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA). Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 4 The CMSP Process Framework should be implemented within the framework of the Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) currently being prepared by the OECS3. The ESMS is meant to facilitate both the assessment and management of environmental and social risks occurring within and as a result of OECS projects. Principle 5 of the OECS ESMS draft report falls within the domain of World Bank OP 4.12, addressing the theme of Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement. Principle 5 includes a commitment by the OECS to support and execute projects that “provide opportunities to displaced persons to improve or at least restore their livelihoods and standards of living.” 1.1.2 Process Framework Methodology No adverse impacts on livelihoods are expected during the life of the CMSP component of CROP (namely CROP 1.1, to develop Coastal and Marine Spatial Plans and Training). While the CMPs and MSPs may contribute directly to the establishment of new MPAs or a change in use of an area, any adverse impacts would occur after the CMPs and MSPs are written and only as a result of implementing the CMPs and MSPs. Rather than identifying known impacts, this Process Framework Report anticipates potential impacts, and identifies potentially affected persons and communities. The Process Framework Report defines a process of engagement of these persons and communities in CMP and MSP design, and the design of measures to mitigate any future income losses attributable to the implementation of recommendations emanating from the CMPs and MSPs. The preparation of the Process Framework report relies on a four-step methodology. Step 1 Information Gathering Information necessary for the report included stakeholder consultation and document reviews. Stakeholder consultation through 2019 included email and WhatsApp consultation with key government stakeholders in all five countries, stakeholder consultation workshops in Grenada (May 9) and Saint Lucia (June 19) and a series of soft consultation meetings with public sector and private sector stakeholders in Saint Vincent between April 17 and July 3. An important consideration throughout the preparation of CROP 1.1 is to maintain regular communication with representatives of the Kalinago Territory in Dominica. Information included in the Process Framework document related to the Kalinago Territory was well 3 OECS. 2019. Environmental and Social Policy and Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) Draft. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 5 documented in the CROP Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) prepared as part of the SESA and completed in December 2018. Preparation of the IPPF included formal consultations with the Kalinago in October 2018. Formal written communication regarding CROP 1.1 and the Process Framework was established with the Ministry of Kalinago Affairs, through the minister and Permanent Secretary, and with the Kalinago Chief and Council through Chief Lorenzo Sanford in August 2019, immediately after local elections4. Written consultation provided an update on CROP 1.1 activities and a request to prepare for CMSP in- country consultations planned for October 2019. Document reviews included a review of relevant World Bank Policies and Procedures; a review of OECS and national policies and procedures for the five participating OECS Member States relevant to social safeguards; and a review of Process Framework best practices. Step 2 Preparation of Draft Regional Process Framework and National Technical Annexes The draft report will reflect requirements laid out in the original request for proposal document and re-articulated in the project terms of reference. These include the following six components: Participatory implementation of project components: guidance on engaging affected communities in project decision making regarding restrictions on the use of natural resources and mitigation measures. Process for determining eligibility criteria for affected persons: guidance on how potentially affected communities will be involved in establishing eligibility criteria for accessing any compensation arising mitigation measures to be put in place. Livelihood recovery and sustainability measures: guidance for addressing issues of livelihood preservation, recovery and sustainability through participatory methods. Dispute resolution mechanisms: guidance on establishing dispute resolution mechanisms. Administrative and legal procedures: country-specific technical annexes will specify institutional responsibilities. Monitoring arrangements: guidance on a system for monitoring and reporting on progress towards implementation of priority actions and investments. 4Kalinago Territory elections for Chief and Council were held in August 2019, resulting in a new Chief and Council members. “New Kalinago Council elected,” Dominica News Online Aug. 14th, 2019. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 6 Step 3 Stakeholder Consultation on the Draft Process Framework with the OECS Commission The draft report will be subject to stakeholder consultation with the OECS Ocean Governance Team and representatives from each National Ocean Governance Committee. The consultation will occur either via videoconference or in person. Step 4 Final Process Framework Report with Technical Annexes The final report reflects comments provided by the OECS Commission and the World Bank. The report will serve as an input to the preparation of the Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (CROP 1.1 Output 8). The IRPF will define a process for anticipating and addressing the impact of potential resettlement that may occur as a result of CROP implementation. While the Process Framework and the Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework serve distinct purposes, elements of the preparation of the former will be used for the formulation of the latter. This includes identification of potentially affected persons, eligibility criteria, definition of a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and relevant administrative and legal procedures. As a result, preparation of Output 8 may require revisiting the Process Framework Report. 1.1.3 Report Structure Following a description of the global and regional policy context, the remainder of the report lays out the components of the Process Framework as follows: Description of Project components and potential adverse impacts on livelihoods. The Process Framework document describes the CMSP component outputs and explains how some of these outputs that may result in adverse impacts on livelihoods. (Section 1.4) Stakeholder engagement. Section 1.4 provides details on the stakeholder engagement plan for CROP Component 1.1, intended to ensure potentially affected persons participate in the design of the project generally, and measures to mitigate potential livelihood losses specifically. Defining affected persons. Potentially affected persons and communities are defined, as is the concept of vulnerable populations (Section 2.1) Livelihood recovery and sustainability measures. The Process Framework describes methods and procedures by which communities will identify and choose potential mitigating measures to be provided to those adversely affected, and procedures by which adversely affected community members will decide among the options available Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 7 to them. The Framework also outlines a future budget needed to support a livelihoods restoration initiative. As these costs are not included in the current CROP budget, national governments would be expected to identify potential revenue sources for these activities. (Section 2.2) Criteria for eligibility of affected persons. The Process Framework document provides guidance on how potentially affected persons and communities will be involved in identifying adverse impacts, assessing the significance of impacts, and establishing the criteria for eligibility for any mitigating measures necessary. (Section 2.3) Dispute resolution mechanisms. The Process Framework document describes the process for resolving disputes relating to resource use restrictions that may arise between or among affected communities, and grievances that may arise from members of communities who are dissatisfied with the eligibility criteria or mitigating measures. (Section 2.4) Administrative and legal procedures. As the institutional arrangements for national ocean governance are still under development, Section 2.5 focuses on the role played by the OECS Commission in offering administrative support to implementing the Process Framework during the life of the project. Country-specific technical annexes included in the report offer additional guidance related to institutional responsibilities, the legislative framework, and capacity limitations. Monitoring arrangements. The Process Framework offers guidance on a system for monitoring and reporting on both beneficial and adverse impacts on persons within the project impact area, and for monitoring the effectiveness of measures taken to mitigate losses to income. (Section 2.6) Part 2 of the Process Framework offers an Eastern Caribbean regional framework for identifying and engaging potentially affected persons and communities, for collaboratively establishing mechanisms to identify and mitigate potential losses to livelihoods caused by project activities, and to monitor outcomes. Actual implementation of most project activities and corresponding impacts on the livelihoods of affected persons and communities will occur at various scales; however, mitigation of negative impacts is the responsibility of each country. Consequently, a series of Country Technical Annexes offer a greater level of detail on each of the five country contexts. Appendix Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 8 2 includes reference to stakeholder consultations conducted in support of the Process Framework report. The Process Framework also recognises the potential for transboundary impacts. These could take the form of fishers that traditionally fish in or on the edge of Economic Exclusion Zones. Therefore, transboundary impacts should also be considered when engaging potentially affected persons and identifying mitigation measures. The Process Framework will be complemented by an Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (IRPF) report, to be completed by the end of year 1 of CROP Component 1.1. As with the Process Framework, the IRPF ensures compliance with the World Bank’s Social Safeguard Policies. Preparation of the IRPF may result in adjustments to the Process Framework Report. 1.2 Global and Regional Policy Context Preparation of CMPs and MSPs, and consideration of the potential adverse impacts on livelihoods, is occurring within a global policy framework. This framework includes the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Of note are SDG 1, “End poverty in all its Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 9 forms everywhere”, SDG 11, “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”, and SDG 14, “Life below water”. SDG 1 is supported by CROP’s goal of developing a blue economy, intended to enhance growth, eradicate poverty, and ensure shared prosperity. SDG 11 reflects the reality that over 80 percent of the population of CARICOM member states lives in urbanized, coastal areas.5 Finally, SDG 14 includes a commitment to conserve and sustainably use the world’s oceans, seas and marine resources. Each SDG includes specific policy targets. For example, SDG 14 targets focus on fisheries management, marine protected areas (MPAs), and control of ocean pollution6. Other global policy frameworks of note include the Paris Accord and the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) agenda. These global policy goals and targets inform the design and implementation of regional and national policy tools. A foundational element of the regional policy context within the Eastern Caribbean is the OECS St. George’s Declaration of Principles for Environmental Sustainability, signed in 2001 and updated in 2006. The Declaration is structured around 21 principles guiding sustainable development and offers an ecosystem-based environmental monitoring framework. Among these principles is an understanding that land and marine areas in small island states constitute a single unit, meriting an integrated approach to natural resource management. The framework for a common approach to ocean governance within the region was established by the Eastern Caribbean Regional Ocean Policy (ECROP) and Strategic Action Plan. Endorsed by the OECS’ Heads of Government in 2013, ECROP guides the future use of the region’s marine waters and provides a basis for enhanced coordination and management of ocean resources within the Eastern Caribbean. ECROP includes an explicit call for multiple-use ocean planning and integrated management techniques for better decision-making over transboundary marine systems. Several regional programs and agreements have been developed within this broader regional policy framework. Similar to SDG14, the Caribbean Challenge Initiative (CCI) calls for the 11 signatories to the 2013 CCI Leaders Declaration to protect and conserve 20 percent of their marine and coastal resources by 20207. 5 ECLAC. 2019. Planning for Resilience in the Caribbean. Presentation at the June 2019 Caribbean Urban Forum. 6 For example, SDG Target 14.5” By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information” 7 The 11 Caribbean countries and territories include all five countries participating in CROP, with the exception of Dominica. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 10 The Eastern Caribbean Marine Managed Area Network (ECMMAN) project was conducted within six OECS countries, including the five countries participating in the CROP and Antigua & Barbuda. The ECMMAN’s goals included more than doubling the area of effectively managed Marine Management Areas (MMAs) and improving livelihoods associated with economic activity in MMAs. Completed in 2017, the project succeeded in building or strengthening a network of MMAs in all six participating countries8. In the areas of regional fisheries management, a Caribbean Community Common Fisheries Policy (CCCFP) was adopted in 2014 by national governments participating in the Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM). This multilateral agreement enables integrated approaches to sustainably managing the region’s fisheries and aquaculture resources, with broader goals of improving food security and reducing poverty. The agreement addresses coastal and marine management practices in fisheries policies as a means of sustainably managing fisheries resources and associated ecosystems within the context of growing climate and disaster risk. Within this context, the CROP was developed by OECS and the World Bank as a mechanism for implementing aspects of the ECROP. The 2017 CROP agreement aims to contribute to ocean governance and sustainable investment in the blue economy through the adoption of integrated policy and spatial planning tools designed to achieve multi-sectoral sustainable resource management and economic development. CROP builds on and integrates ongoing national coastal and marine policies and plans, such as the National Ocean Policy in St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada’s Blue Growth Master Plan, both described in greater detail in this report’s technical annexes. 1.3 CROP CMSP Component Description and Potential to Cause Adverse Impacts on Livelihoods The Caribbean Region Oceanscape Project (CROP) grant agreement was signed on October 14, 2017 between the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and the World Bank, acting 8 See Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 11 as an Implementing Agency of the Global Environment Facility. The four-year agreement is scheduled to conclude on December 31, 2021. A component of CROP is the Development of Coastal and Marine Spatial Plans and Training. Project outputs of this component will support the OECS Commission in preparing CMPs and MSPs for five participating OECS Member States: Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines. Integrated ocean planning is essential to the future of Caribbean region, with healthy oceans and coastal areas inextricably tied to the region’s economic future. Increasing climate and disaster risk, combined with rapid and largely unplanned coastal development, contribute to pollution, ecosystem degradation, and threats to livelihoods, property and human life. All OECS member states share similar challenges, including loss of critical habitat, coastal erosion, coral bleaching, and contamination of coastal and freshwater resources. The CMSPs will contribute to balancing blue growth and sustainable ocean management objectives. The former refers to continued and responsible human use of the ocean that creates economic prosperity. The latter involves protecting and managing marine areas for purposes of resource and environmental conservation and science, in order to ensure future generations enjoy healthier oceans. The CMSP component of CROP is to be implemented by means of nine outputs described below. Implementation of four of the nine outputs may contribute to adverse impacts on livelihoods, specifically the CMPs and MSPs. The potential impact on livelihoods of each output Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 12 is summarised in Table 1, with greater detail presented in Part 2 Section 1.1 Defining Potentially Affected Persons and Communities. The specific nature of these impacts is unknown at this stage of CMSP implementation. Indeed, any impacts will not be felt during the life of this project. For example, while the CMSP component may contribute directly to the establishment of new MPAs, the adverse impacts will occur following project conclusion and as a result of implementation of project recommendations. Output 1 – Work Plan to Guide the Assignment Includes identification of all tasks to complete the project and associated project deliverables, inclusive of a Stakeholder Communication and Engagement Plan which includes a stakeholder engagement program that captures the interests of all stakeholders and communities through innovative approaches that are customised for the project’s scope and scale. The engagement process will be based on a planning process that focuses on garnering broad feedback and creating genuine dialogue through equitable and inclusive engagement practices that create a greater sense of ownership of the end result. The Work Plan includes the following:  Kick off video Conference  Draft Work Plan and Inception Meeting: Conducted with OECS in Saint Lucia to organise a Responsibility Matrix  Final Project Work Plan including an updated methodology based on the outcome of contract negotiations, including the schedule, work plan, stakeholder consultation, and data management/hosting/training for the project. Output 2 – Four New Coastal Master Plans (CMPs) A new CMP will be prepared for each of the four following countries, Dominica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Each of the four CMPs will involve the following specific activities:  Rapid Risk Assessment and Background Documentation to identify and document opportunities and constraints, and initial “soft” stakeholder consultation with citizens and representatives from a few key agencies.  GIS 3D Model with Coastal Engineering Inventory: Regions in each country will be spatially analysed according to varying attributes which can classify a coastal region as being physically resilient or vulnerable to risks.  Delineation of Coastal Management Area and Sub-Areas: new boundaries established in each country to ensure that the coastal plan covers the right geography and that the boundary interfaces well with the extent of the Marine Spatial Plan Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 13  Disaster Risk Management/Climate Change Adaptation considerations of climate projections, ecosystem health, population and demographic data, the safety of citizens, and land use interests  Land Use/Costal Planning/Disaster Risk Management/Climate Change Adaptation/Spatial Issues and Opportunities Paper  Early Coastal Zone Strategic Investment Directions  Collaborative Workshop and Public Consultation in Each Country  GIS Thematic Mapping and GeoDatabase  Draft and Final Plan Authoring  Training/Institutional Strengthening/Capacity Building Output 3 – An Enhanced Grenada Blue Growth CMP The process of analysis to create the coastal master plans from Output 2 will be replicated for Output 3 Grenada Blue Growth CMP. An enhanced Grenada Blue Growth Coastal Master Plan will incorporate newly aggregated environmental data into an existing vision of prosperity to be gained from Grenada’s coastal zone. The CMP will move the existing Blue Growth Master Plan from being more conceptual in nature towards a more detailed plan that includes clear social and environmental considerations. Output 4 – Data Gap Analysis Report and Five New Marine Spatial Plans (MSPs) The goal for this output is to complete five new MSPs, one for each participating country including Grenada. MSPs will cover the Economic Exclusion Zones (EEZ) of each country. The following are specific activities that will help complete the five MSPs:  Collection and Aggregation of Temporal and Dynamic Data  Inventory Current and Future/ Planned Economic Use Patterns of the Ocean Areas  Conducting Spatial Analysis9  Stakeholder Engagement  Draft and Final MSPs  Training/Institutional Strengthening/Capacity Building 9Spatial analysis and stakeholder engagement will be bridged in the MSP methodology by applying an ecosystem based management (EBM) model which is a conceptual model based on ecosystem services yielding a driver, pressure, state, ecosystem service, and response (DPSER). Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 14 The work will be aggregated into a final MSP report that will document the ocean use zones, measures to reduce conflicts, and data gaps to be closed through future research/data gathering. Output 5 – One New Regional MSP Framework The goal of Output 5 is to develop one new Regional MSP that takes into consideration transboundary issues of relevance of the five participating Member States. The Regional MSP will build on the five national marine spatial plans and work on the framework will commence after the five draft national MSPs have been authored. Specific activities include:  Technical Brief on OECS Authority Implementing a Regional MSP Framework  Identify Transboundary Issues through Spatial Analysis Workshop which including mapping that prompts discussion  Collaborative Workshop on Transboundary Coordination, Joint Decision-Making, and Conflict Resolution  Draft and Final Regional MSP Framework Output 6: Data Management and Data Infrastructure and Training GIS forms an important and core aspect of this work, with work under this output dedicated to the data assembly, organisation, structuring, application development and training that is needed for this project. Training activities will involve developing local capacity among participating countries to undertake comprehensive and integrated spatial analysis of risks, threats and opportunities related to coastal and marine areas Output 7: Process Framework (PF) report A PF report will be prepared report in compliance with the World Bank’s Social Safeguards Operational Policy 4.12. Output 7 will be prepared in conjunction with the project’s wider public participation and stakeholder engagement strategies. Output 8: Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (IRPF) Report An IRPF Report will be prepared in compliance with the World Bank’s Social Safeguards Operational Policy 4.12. The IRPF will be prepared in response to the unknown extent and location of potential resettlement that may occur as a result of CROP implementation. While the Process Framework and the Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework serve distinct purposes, elements of the preparation of the former will be used for the formulation of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 15 latter. This includes identification of potentially affected persons, eligibility criteria, definition of a GRM and relevant administrative and legal procedures. Completion of Output 8 may require revisiting the Process Framework Report. Output 9: Progress reports and completion report Project reporting mid-stream and upon culmination is important to understand what has been achieved and how to plan for the future. The following reports are part of Output 9:  Preparation and Issuance of Output 9a Progress Report 1: designed to report mid- stream in the project, issued in the style of a memorandum to the OECS.  Preparation and Issuance of Output 9b Progress Report 2: Same format as Report 1  Preparation and Issuance of Output 9c Completion Report: Includes lessons learned especially in regard to the engagement, techniques, tools, training and approaches. These are prepared to help strengthen the success of future components of the CROP and will include a “post-mortem” organised by the topics listed in the TOR. Table 1 Summary of CMSP Outputs and Potential Adverse Impacts on Livelihoods CROP CMSP Outputs Potential Impacts Output 1 – Work Plan to No future adverse impact on livelihoods is anticipated from Guide the Assignment this output. Output 2 – Four New CMPs CMPs may recommend proposals for protection of coastal areas which restrict access to livelihood-generating Output 3 – An Enhanced resources. Adverse impacts resulting from these proposals Grenada Blue Growth CMP are addressed in the Process Framework Report. CMPs may also recommend new physical development, expanded economic activities or changes in land use which may impact on existing livelihoods. These may contribute to both positive and negative impacts on livelihoods. Adverse impacts resulting from these activities will be addressed through the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Process and in the Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework. Output 4 – Data Gap Analysis MSPs and the Regional MSP Framework may recommend the Report and Five New MSPs protection of marine areas resulting in a loss of access to livelihood-generating resources. Adverse impacts resulting Output 5 – One new Regional from these proposals are addressed in the Process MSP Framework Framework Report. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 16 CROP CMSP Outputs Potential Impacts Output 6: Data Management No future adverse impact on livelihoods is anticipated from and Data Infrastructure and this output. Training Output 7: PF report No future adverse impact on livelihoods is anticipated from this output. Output 8: IRPF Report No future adverse impact on livelihoods is anticipated from this output. Output 9: Progress reports No future adverse impact on livelihoods is anticipated from and completion report this output. 1.4 Stakeholder Engagement in Plan Preparation 1.4.1 Principles and Overall Approach The role of stakeholder engagement in the CMSP preparation process is fundamental to its success. The core principle underlying the approach to engagement is that stakeholders are entitled to an opportunity to help shape the plans that have the potential to impact their lives, communities, territories, and environment. The CROP Component 1.1 team is committed to meaningfully engaging communities and local stakeholders so their voices strengthen decisions and help build community. Engagement is also grounded in the principle that meaningful involvement that is equitable and inclusive delivers solutions that are more relevant, reach intended beneficiaries more effectively, and are more easily implemented due to a stronger sense of shared ownership. Within the CMSP preparation process, engagement is looking to both present information and solicit feedback and input with the goal of feeding this information to the consulting team to strengthen the CMPs and MSPs, and advance the CROP’s objectives and goals. While it was designed in the context of a regional project, the stakeholder engagement methodology is meant to be implemented in, and adapted to the local context of each of the five participating countries. Adequately capturing potential stakeholder feedback requires in- person engagement to take place at a location that is convenient for their participation. This may not always be a government or agency office. Consultation events with civil society, in Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 17 particular, are expected to occur at different venues throughout each participating member state. This is intended to create fairness and encourage civil society stakeholder participation. In the case of Dominica, engagement activities must be designed to reach the Kalinago community. As described in the 2018 Indigenous Peoples Policy Framework (IPPF), the Kalinago people of the Kalinago Territory enjoy a unique relationship to coastal and marine resources, participating as equal partners in co-management agreements. The Kalinago Chief and Council should be invited to share the community’s collective traditional knowledge, as well as the expertise in environmental and natural resource management. The engagement strategy will enable the wider goal of mainstreaming gender equity and social equity dimensions into project design. Prominence to gender equity and social advancement will be reflected across all CMSP outputs from data collection and analysis, to plan recommendations. At a minimum, all public events held throughout the life of the project will include sign-in sheets that compile participants’ gender and sector (academia, NGO, community, private sector, public sector, and indigenous). Central to the Process Framework is the active and early engagement of potentially affected persons and communities in the process of designing project activities, identifying potential adverse impacts on livelihoods and developing and monitoring mechanisms to mitigate these adverse impacts. Consultations associated with addressing adverse impacts on livelihoods will be undertaken in the context of the wider CMSP consultation strategy. The Process Framework does not envision or propose stand-alone consultations dedicated uniquely to issue of livelihoods. Rather, impacts on livelihoods and the development of sustainable alternatives must be understood in the context of wider coastal and marine spatial planning process. While specific persons or communities affected by adverse impacts on livelihoods are unknown at this early stage of the project, potentially affected persons and communities are identified in Section 2.1 and the country technical annexes of this report. These potentially affected persons and communities are meant to be actively engaged early in the project, using the methodology described in subsection 1.5.2. 1.4.2 Engagement Methods & Tools The following section lays out the methods and tools to be employed during the life of the project in order to engage key stakeholders. Recognising that communities and individuals Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 18 communicate and engage in different ways, stakeholder engagement incorporates a menu of engagement methods and tools reflecting a diversity of environments and capacities. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 19 i. Digital Engagement The approach to engagement relies on technology to keep a record of the conversations associated with the development of CMPs and MSPs for the five countries. Going digital for community and stakeholder consultation is now a minimum standard. Digital engagement will rely on an e-mail distribution list to be used to share relevant information with stakeholders. The distribution list will be compiled by the CMSP consulting team throughout the consultation process. Information to be shared directly by means of the email distribution list will include links, relevant articles, messages, and meeting announcement. Although internet connectivity may not be available throughout the entire study area and for all potential stakeholders, utilising a digital tool will allow for greater participation and more engagement overall. ii. OECS Website Dillon will provide content to be hosted on OECS’s public website and the OECS YouTube channel. The content will reflect the same information provided through the engagement sessions but will be tailored for effectiveness in an online environment. iii. ESRI StoryMap10 The inherently spatial nature of this exercise and its temporal dynamics lends itself to the use of ESRI StoryMaps. A story map allows the Dillon team to combine authoritative maps with text, images, and multimedia content, and make it easy to harness the power of maps and geography for the CMPs and MSPs. Collaboration with OECS will be essential for determining what to include on the story maps –advocacy, outreach, virtual tours, delivering public information –and develop this using the spatial data gathered for the project. Staff training in building the Story Map will allow it to continue as a legacy piece beyond the life of this project, and as a tool for other projects. iv. e-Newsletters The engagement process will rely on an e-Newsletter rather than a traditional hard copy newsletter to reduce the environmental impact of printing and distributing paper. Newsletter content will be provided by the consulting team, with format based on project branding. OECS may opt to distribute the newsletter through an electronic mailing list and possibly through an 10As indicated in the Work Plan and Inception Report, the ability to advance ESRI StoryMap is dependent on the availability of data. The OECS may also choose to host this content on other platforms, which may be more economical for the OECS to maintain in the future such as QGIS Story, StoryMapJS, MapStory (in beta only), etc. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 20 innovative new text messaging broadcasting service that is now available in some parts of the Caribbean. The e-Newsletters will be used to inform participants about the project, to explain project outcomes and identify opportunities for feedback. Dissemination of e-Newsletters will benefit from an email distribution list to be built by the consulting team throughout the CMSP consultation process. Emails will be collected at each consultation sign-in to allow the consultation team to summarise and report on engagement activities and associated input. This will be done in a timely manner so that stakeholder ideas are explored and supported in the technical alternatives and outcomes. v. Open Houses/Workshops Open houses/workshops will be designed to be:  Inspirational – to generate excitement about the opportunity the CMPs and MSPs afford;  Informative – to bring participants up to speed on the project, respond to their questions and concerns, and keep them up-to-date on the project’s progress;  Valuable for both participants and the project team – to generate input to the technical tasks involved; and,  Enjoyable – to encourage participation and give people a reason to stay involved for future related events. 1.4.3 Engagement Workplan The engagement workplan is intended to ensure stakeholder input into the preparation of, and feedback on the CMPs and MSPs. Engagement begins early and is received throughout the plan-making process. To this end, the engagement workplan relies on a total of eight formal workshops in each participating member state, comprised of four rounds of activity for each CMP and MSP. The following table summarises key stages of the consultation process. Table 2 The CMSP Consultation Process Engagement Workplan Description Estimated Timelines Round 1 – CMP/MSP Includes calls, in-country meetings and March to August 2019 introduction, information soft consultation. Data collected during sharing, and issues this phase will be complemented by an identification ESRI StoryMap to provide an opportunity for online engagement. Round 2 – Presentation of Presentation of the spatial analysis, gap October 2019 spatial analysis, gap analysis, and collaboration on analysis and collaboration vision/goals/objectives. Will consist of on vision / goals / agency and public consultation in-country. objectives Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 21 Engagement Workplan Description Estimated Timelines Round 3 – Presenting Presenting the draft national November 2019 for draft national coastal/marine plan and validation of Grenada, Saint Luica, and coastal/marine plan & vision/goals/objectives Another round of Saint Vincent & the validation of vision/goals/ in-country consultation will occur in Grenadines objectives November to present the draft CMP & MSP Plans to stakeholders and agencies Mid-2020 for Dominica and Saint Kitts & Nevis Round 4 – Presenting the Presenting the final national Early 2021 final draft national CMP coastal/marine plan to the participating and MSP to the member state government Round four participating member will consist of online consultation on the state government final CMP & MSP Plans. Round 1 – CMP/MSP introduction, information sharing, and issues identification The focus of the first round of engagement is to introduce the CSMP project to stakeholders and obtain their feedback on the proposed methodology and timelines. This first round of engagement is an important step in getting stakeholders to a common starting point. This first round focuses on soft consultation, including phone calls, and in-country meetings. Data collected through these methods will be complemented by ESRI StoryMap to provide an opportunity for online engagement. Key methods and tools in this first round of engagement include:  Newsletter #1  Launch of the digital engagement platform: Using the CROP website and ESRI StoryMap  Workshops, focus meetings, and press coverage as outlined above Round 2 – Presentation of spatial analysis, gap analysis and collaboration on vision / goals / objectives The second round will take place in October 2019 and will be used to present the results of the spatial analysis, discuss gaps that were identified during the analysis, and initiate a collaborative dialogue about the vision, goals, and objectives for the CMP and MSP. These will be informed by and be consistent with the vision, goals and objectives of recently drafted National Ocean Policies. While the first round of consultation helps with relationship-building, this round begins the process of consensus-building for plans being prepared in Grenada, Saint Lucia and St. Vincent & the Grenadines, with preliminary consultations planned for Dominica and St. Kitts and Nevis . Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 22 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 23 Key aspects of this round of engagement include:  Newsletter #2  Distribution of background documentation directly to national focal points and via the website to support consultation, and working with OECS Communications Unit to update and maintain website content at - and the ESRI StoryMap  Workshops, focus meetings, and press coverage as outlined above Round 3 – Presenting draft national coastal/marine plan & validation of vision/goals/ objectives The third round will involve in-country consultation around November 2019 to present the draft CMPs and MSPs to stakeholders and agencies in Grenada, Saint Lucia and St. Vincent & the Grenadines, with consultation in Dominica and St. Kitts and Nevis planned for early-2020. Consultation is expected to take the form of structured workshops designed to actively engage stakeholders in critically reviewing, inputting into, and considering the direction of the draft CMPs and MSPs for their respective country. Feedback from the stakeholders will also serve to validate the vision, goals and objectives, and refine accordingly. Consensus reached during these consultations and revisions agreed to during these sessions will be noted and shared to ensure transparency. This will provide an opportunity for all stakeholders to understand their coastal and marine plans, and make suggested revisions before final drafts are produced. (CMPs and MSPs will remain as final drafts until adopted by governments post-CROP.) Key aspects of this round of engagement include:  Newsletter #3  Distribution of draft national coastal and marine plans directly to national focal points and via the project website and national focal points.  Updating and maintaining website content at and ESRI StoryMap  Workshops, focus meetings, and press coverage as outlined above Round 4 – Presenting the final draft national CMP and MSP to the participating member state government The fourth and final round of stakeholder engagement will consist of online consultation on the final draft CMPs & MSPs, scheduled to take place in early 2021. Where appropriate, the final Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 24 round will also include a presentation to member state Governments to explain how the process and plan is based on consensus, how the plan meets the ECROP, and how the plan helps achieve “Blue Growth”. Key aspects of this round of engagement include:  Newsletter #4  Distribution of final national coastal and marine plans directly to national focal points and, via posting on the website for the public, and hard copies for consideration by Cabinet of each participating country  Update and maintain website content and ESRI StoryMap  Workshops, focus meetings, and press coverage as outlined above Delivery of each round of consultation is expected to involve a series of paired events, with one workshop during the day for government/agency/organisation/key stakeholders and a separate evening workshop for civil society representatives. Consideration is being given for up to three one-on-one or focus group-style meetings with specific interests identified by each of the participating member states. Finally, the value of the local media cannot be understated in raising public awareness and encouraging participation. Working in collaboration with each national focal point, the consultation process is expected to involve some form of press coverage in advance of or in conjunction with each milestone. This could take the form of an interview by the local TV station or Government Information Service and will be done in close collaboration with national focal points. Feedback obtained from each of the four rounds will be incorporated and will inform revisions, as required, for the next session. Responses to any comments that cannot be addressed due to limitations with respect to project timelines and the agreed upon scope of work, will include a recommended solution. The comments and recommended solutions will be clearly stated in a “Recommendations for Further Analysis” section of the applicable national coastal/marine plan. Tracking and documenting the engagement process and input received is an important and effective method for demonstrating transparency and establishing that those responsible for preparing the plan are genuinely listening. To this end, information gathered and lessons learned from engagement activities will be summarised and reported to allow participants to see how their input was used in the project. Each successive stakeholder consultation presentation will include a section on “What we learned from our last visit”, to be delivered as Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 25 an early item in the presentations. Presentations will be more widely disseminated by means of the CROP website. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 26 Part 2 Process Framework Components 2.1 Defining Potentially Affected Persons and Communities 2.1.1 Potentially Affected Sectors and Persons The Process Framework serves as a tool to engage persons and communities whose livelihoods may be adversely affected by the implementation of the coastal and marine spatial plans being prepared under the CROP agreement. Particular emphasis is placed on persons and communities considered to be vulnerable. OP 4.12 addresses the need to anticipate and respond to adverse impacts on livelihoods resulting from project activities, including restricted access to resources due to environmental protection measures, or loss of livelihood-generating activities due to new or expanded development. Specifically, OP 4.12 calls for the preparation of a Process Framework in cases where “Potentially Affected Persons” or PAPs, may “lose access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on livelihoods.”11 Other adverse impacts on livelihoods, such as those caused by project-related development activities resulting in economic and physical displacement due to changes in land use or involuntary taking of land, are to be addressed by CROP 1.1 through the preparation of an Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (IRPF). As discussed in Part 1, the specific nature of these impacts and the persons or communities to be impacted are unknown at this stage. Furthermore, any adverse impacts on livelihoods that do occur in the future will be experienced beyond the life of the project, as a result of the successful implementation of coastal and marine spatial plan recommendations. Nevertheless, a number of potentially affected persons and communities were identified during step 1 of preparing the Process Framework, involving stakeholder consultation and document review. A number of potentially affected sectors and persons were identified in the 2018 Regional Strategic Environment & Social Assessment (SESA) and the Assessment of Marine Spatial Planning Feasibility Report prepared by TNC in 2017. 11World Bank OP 4.12 refers to “displaced persons”, which is considered synonymous with “project-affected persons” and “potentially affected persons” and is not limited to those subjected to physical displacement. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 27 Table 2 presents a typology of the full range of potential impacts on livelihoods as a result of CMPs and MSP. The types of affected sectors, and the most vulnerable persons within each sector, are identified in table 3. The sector most likely to be affected includes fisheries and related marine resource-based activities. A second sector includes coastal and marine-based tourism. Finally, a ridge-to-reef approach to coastal and marine resource management suggests that upstream economic activities such as agriculture and agro-forestry may be affected. A more detailed assessment of potentially affected persons and communities located in each of the five member states is presented in the country technical annexes. Table 3: Typology of Potential Adverse Impacts on Livelihoods Associated With CMSPs Geography Marine Land/sea interface Terrestrial Conservation Example project: Example project: Example project: Marine protected Sea turtle nesting sites National park area Example of negative Example of negative Example of negative impact: impact: impact: Restriction of fisherfolk Potential to resettle Loss of ability of netting activities, boat those in the national fisherfolk to fish an landing, etc. park to another area location Co- Example project: Example project: Example project: management/ Quota system on Wild Scientific research Buffer zones created co- Capture developed station in the coastal between farms and development based on stock zone coastal wetlands assessment to address Exploitation of marine Example of negative Example of negative fish stocks impact: impact: Possible CMSP Recommended Actions None, would not Loss of livelihood to Example of negative farmers negatively impact impact: fisherfolk or Loss of access to disadvantaged livelihood populations Development Example project: Example project: Example project: Off-shore resource Creation or expansion New agricultural exploration of a tourism zone processing facility Example of negative Example of negative Example of negative impact: impact: impact: Potential for positive Loss of access to near Facility effluents impact on livelihoods shore resources and that negatively Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 28 beach amenities; impact the drinking potential for positive water supply for impact on livelihoods coastal communities Consistent with the scope of the Process Framework articulated in OP 4.12, adverse impacts on livelihoods described in Table 3 generally result from restricted access to marine and coastal areas. However, other types of adverse impacts on livelihoods may occur as a result of new or expanded development activity. These include economic displacement due to changes in land use or an expansion of development activities, or physical displacement due to land acquisition for the purposes of new development. These types of adverse impacts fall outside the scope of the PF but will be addressed in the IRPF. Table 4 Potential impacts of CMSPs on livelihoods to be addressed by the Process Framework Potentially Affected Sector Potentially Affected Potential CMP and MSP Livelihoods12 recommendations Fisheries & other marine-based  Domestic commercial  Quota system developed resource extraction activities fishing based on stock assessment Exploitation of marine fish stocks  Artisanal fishing  Definition of no-go areas  Subsistence fishing and coastal buffer zones to  Crab harvesting preserve protected areas  Sand & aggregate mining  Sea moss harvesting  Sea urchin harvesting Marine-based tourism activities  Diving & snorkelling  Definition of no-go areas Tourist facilities in low-lying  Yachting & marine and buffer zones to coastal areas which pose risks to charters preserve protected areas local ecosystems through over-use  Water taxis of recreational areas; disposal of  Vending untreated sewage; and generation  Horseback riding of large volumes of solid waste  Small tour guides  Sport fishermen  Tour operators  Tourist resorts Upstream activities within the  Agriculture  Coastal wetlands protected coastal zone with a negative  Aquaculture from developed activities impact on downstream marine  Forestry  Buffer zones created environments.  Quarrying between farms & coastal E.g. Increased agricultural wetlands activities in upland watersheds  Restricting upstream resulting harmful amounts of agricultural practices that 12 Many of these livelihoods overlap. For example, tour guides may also rely on fishing. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 29 Potentially Affected Sector Potentially Affected Potential CMP and MSP Livelihoods12 recommendations topsoil or pollutants to flow into pollute protected watershed estuaries and coastal waters management zones. Adapted from Jeco Caribbean Inc. 2018. Regional SESA. OECS CROP. The Country Technical Annexes identify the organisations that represent many of these sectors. These organisations are to be included in the CMSP stakeholder engagement process. 2.1.2 Vulnerable Populations Because vulnerable populations are less able to recover from livelihood losses, particular attention should be paid to identifying these groups and ensuring their interests are adequately addressed through project activities that mitigate the impacts of livelihood losses. OP 4.12 defines vulnerable populations to include:  the poor;  women;  indigenous peoples; and,  those less able to care for themselves, notably children, the elderly, and the disabled. Other vulnerable groups should also be considered on a country-by country and case-by-case basis. These may include, for example, disenfranchised and /or seasonal resource users, immigrant groups with precarious residency status, and LGBTQ13 communities. 13 Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 30 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 31 As the livelihoods of fisherfolk are considered most likely to be adversely affected by future project impacts, lessons can be drawn from other similar marine planning and coastal zone planning projects regarding how best to anticipate impacts on the most vulnerable members of this sector. A 2014 Process Framework Report prepared for the Belize Fisheries Department as part of the Marine Conservation and Climate Change Adaptation Project identified a number of vulnerable groups within this sector (TNC 2014). These included:  The elderly in local fishing communities;  Poorer fishermen who depend on larger fishers for access to the sea on their boats;  Fishers who fish mainly for subsistence purposes;  Female fishers; and,  Women from local communities involved in processing and selling fish locally. Drawing on best practices, such as the case of the Belize Process Framework, specific attention should be given to ensuring that access to project-related information about livelihoods assistance is provided to vulnerable populations considered at risk of experiencing livelihood losses. Similarly, the design of livelihood restoration activities should include their participation. 2.2 Livelihood Recovery and Sustainability Measures to Assist Affected Persons The overall aim of a livelihoods restoration component is to account for losses to livelihoods caused by project activities and support the diversification of sustainable livelihoods of affected persons. While adverse impacts on livelihoods are not expected to take place until after project completion, each of the five national governments participating in the preparation of CMPs and MSPs should be prepared to put in a place a livelihoods recovery initiative during the life of the CROP agreement. These initiatives should be designed in consultation with potentially affected persons and communities. The Process Framework offers guidance on the establishment of livelihoods recovery initiatives in the form of suggested objectives and options for specific financial and non-financial activities to be delivered within each of the five participating CROP countries. The final design of a livelihoods recovery initiative will likely vary from country to country. These measures could flow from established co-management arrangements, or – as will be discussed in greater detail in the IRPF – preparation of mitigation measures through the Social and Environmental Impact Assessment process. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 32 National livelihoods recovery initiatives recommended by the PF could consider any combination of the following objectives: Supporting sustainable livelihood training, Offering grant funding to assist potentially affected persons with starting or improving small, sustainable businesses associated with the sustainable utilisation of marine and coastal resources; Extending soft loans for business-start up; and, Offering in-kind contributions of equipment with associated training. Table 4 details the activities to be included in a national livelihoods restoration initiative, and summarises the order of magnitude of costs that can be anticipated on a per-participant basis. The CROP CMSP budget does not account for the costs of designing and implementing a series of national initiatives aimed at mitigating adverse impacts on livelihoods. In large part, this is because initiatives aimed at restoring livelihoods are expected to occur beyond the life of the CROP agreement. Responsibility for assuming the costs for delivering training and small grants for alternative sustainable livelihoods associated with these adverse impacts will rest with national governments. Table 5 Recommended Livelihood Recovery Activities and Per-Participant Budget (in USD)14 Component Description Budget Participatory livelihood needs assessments carried out in each affected community to identify potential adverse impacts and design action plans identifying multiple Needs alternative livelihood activities. Includes field studies and assessment & $175 workshops to identify potential economic opportunities; feasibility studies and review, evaluation, and selection of livelihood opportunities based upon compatibility with CROP objectives, feasibility and cost-benefit. 14 Adapted from 2012 World Bank OPAAL Evaluation Table 2: Breakdown of project expenditure on livelihood-related activities (in USD). Budget figures were derived from the OECS Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project (OPAAL). Per participant estimates were calculated by adding 50 percent to account for cost of living increases since 2007, and taking into account the results of a project evaluation conducted by the World Bank in 2012. These figures are offered as guidelines only and will need to be refined at a national scale. Note that per country expenditures varied significantly across the five participating countries, with costs in St. Kitts & Nevis (65%) and St. Vincent & the Grenadines (72%), well below the five-country average, while costs in Dominica, (123%), Grenada (139%) and Saint Lucia (171%), were above the five-country average. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 33 Component Description Budget Deliver customised sustainable livelihood training based on findings of livelihood needs assessment, ranging from business development skills (bookkeeping, marketing), to Training applied training in support of new livelihoods (such as $300 kayak handling, tour guiding, beekeeping, agro-tourism), and training associated with the operation and maintenance of in-kind equipment contributions. Provided in response to proposals for investments in Grant funds sustainable livelihood activities submitted by eligible $1,500 beneficiaries. Soft loans are to be delivered through a partnership with an Soft loans established financial institution. Cost of the loan subsidy may need to be accounted for within project budget. In-kind One-time contribution of equipment to support sustainable equipment livelihood activities, based on findings of needs assessment. $250 contributions Awareness & Advertising the initiative to reach intended beneficiaries and promotional industry partners. Includes promoting results of the $100 activities initiative during the life of the project. Monitoring, Establishment of baseline data and targets, and beneficiary reporting and surveys regarding livelihoods training, relying on consistent $75 evaluation methodologies across participating countries. Administration of livelihoods restoration project activities. Administration / Cost of loan administration to be recovered directly by $350 Overhead partner financial institution. Total per $2,750 beneficiary The livelihoods restoration examples included below are intended as illustrations of the types of activities to be designed as part of a series of national initiatives. Specific activities will reflect local circumstances and be informed by stakeholder consultation and analysis. Lessons learned from the OPAAL and ECMMAN projects revolve around the importance of engaging potentially affected persons in the process of designing livelihoods restoration activities. This includes understanding the specific socio-economic needs of potentially affected persons and communities to most effectively combine livelihoods development with both marine and coastal zone protection goals as well as proposed blue development such as sustainable tourism development and tourism development zones. Including affected communities in the co-management of protected areas and proposals for new or expanded development is a Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 34 particularly effective method of ensuring successful outcomes. This has the added benefit of addressing capacity gaps in public sector agencies tasked with implementing and enforcing marine protection or development regulations. Finally, participatory monitoring and reporting is another essential and effective mechanisms for ensuring that livelihoods restoration is achieved in conjunction with environmental and natural resources protection. Sustainable Livelihoods Restoration initiatives supported by the Eastern Caribbean Marine Managed Areas Network (ECMMAN) project (TNC 2017):  Dominica: Enhancing Business Capacity of St. John’s Fisherfolk Co-operative through Establishment & Operation of Tackle Shop & Improving Fuel Pump Facility;  Grenada: Alternative Livelihood Micro-Enterprise Development for Affected Fishers within the Molinere Beausejour Marine Protected Area;  St. Kitts & Nevis: Enhanced Livelihood of Fishers & Dive Operators, & Creation of New Livelihood by Installation and Maintenance of Dive Moorings;  Saint Lucia: Improving the Capacity of Eco-South Tours to Promote and Support the Expansion of Community-Based Eco-Tourism in the Point Sables Environmental Protection Area; and a collaborative effort between five community groups to manage bicycling, horseback riding, turtle watching and Kayaking tours in the Mankote Mangrove; and,  St. Vincent & the Grenadines: Developing the Capacity of National Fisherfolk Co- Operative Limited to Promote Sustainable Fisheries; and Improving the Capacities of Fisherfolks and Reducing the Numbers of an Invasive Species in St Vincent and the Grenadines. Box 1: Sustainable Livelihoods Restoration Case Studies: Grenada and Saint Lucia Grenada: Carriacou Sandy Island Oyster Bed MPA: The practice of “beach seining” was banned in Carriacou Sandy Island Oyster Bed MAP impacting local fishers (seining is a method of fishing that employs a fishing net called a seine, that hangs vertically in the water with its bottom edge held down by weights and its top edge buoyed by floats). The Carriacou Fisherfolks Association was established during this time, and secured grant funding from the Government of Australia to support livelihoods restoration. The grant was used to acquire fish aggregating devices (FADs) and support training in their use. Saint Lucia: The Soufriere Marine Management Area (SMMA): The Soufriere Marine Management Area is a zoned area that includes fishing priority areas, recreational areas, Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 35 marine reserves, mooring areas and multiple purpose areas. The Soufriere Fishermen Cooperative Society Ltd. was involved in the development of the SMMA. The co-op participated in identifying members of the co-op affected by a ban on the use of gill nets, establishing rules, and compensation measures. A gill net buy-back program was put in place based on the value of the nets, each of which was worth several thousand dollars. The Fisheries Department provided training and equipment to encourage a shift from near-shore to off-shore fisheries, including training and provision of FADs. 2.3 Eligibility Criteria of Affected Persons The delivery of any combination of livelihoods recovery training, in-kind equipment, micro- enterprise development grants and soft-loans will require defining eligibility criteria to determine the formal status of affected persons. As no adverse impacts on livelihoods will occur during the life of the CROP agreement, the following provides guidance regarding a process by which eligibility criteria will be established during the life of CROP, but implemented post-CROP. The following considerations offer a starting point for establishing formal eligibility criteria, to be finalised during the life of the CROP agreement: 1. First, and consistent with OP 4.12, eligibility will be limited to persons whose livelihoods have been adversely affected by a loss of access to legally designated parks or protected areas as a direct result of implementation of coastal and marine spatial plans developed within the framework of CROP. 2. Access to livelihood recovery measures associated with losses falling outside the requirements of this Process Framework (PF), including economic displacement caused by involuntary relocation of income generating assets or loss of access to livelihood generating activities due to a change of land use recommended by a CMP or MSP, will be addressed through the CROP Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework, to be prepared under CROP 1.1. 3. The selection criteria will lay out a process for providing evidence of adverse impact on established income-generating activities. 4. Eligibility criteria will consider the claims of people engaging in illegal, destructive or unsustainable resource uses. While OP 4.12 guidelines consider the loss of livelihoods associated with these activities, careful consideration must be made to avoid incentives that would encourage these forms of activities. OP4.12 recognises the possible need to exclude from livelihoods restoration assistance anyone involved in “clearly illegal, Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 36 unsustainable, and destructive activities such as wildlife poachers or dynamite fishers.”15 Similarly, any income recovery activities will not further encourage illegal, destructive or unsustainable livelihoods. Potentially affected and vulnerable persons identified in Section 2.1 are to be involved in establishing the criteria for determining eligibility for livelihoods restoration assistance. These criteria should be developed during the life of the CROP agreement, and involve OECS and National Ocean Governance coordinating committees, working in close consultation with potentially affected persons and communities. Other stakeholders who can be expected to participate in the design of eligibility criteria include national government departments responsible for affected sectors such as fisheries, tourism and agriculture, co-managers of MPAs and MMAs, and fisherfolk cooperatives. These stakeholders can also participate in a future committee intended to apply the eligibility criteria in the context of future livelihoods recovery programming. In the case of Dominica, the Chief and Council of the Kalinago territory will be fully engaged to determine eligibility criteria for the development of alternative livelihoods appropriate to their community. These stakeholders are identified in more detail in the Country Technical Annexes. Specific emphasis will be placed on gender equity and the participation of civil-society organisations in the design and implementation of the alternative livelihood activities. Engagement of stakeholders with personal and direct knowledge of coastal and marine areas and the livelihoods associated with these will help achieve the dual goals of marine conservation and the development of alternative livelihoods. Engagement of potentially affected persons and their representative organisations, such as fisherfolk cooperatives, in the design of livelihoods recovery programming and eligibility criteria will ensure greater success in preparing fair and equitable eligibility criteria that consider existing illegal or unsustainable practices, and in identifying feasible alternatives to these income-generating practices. 15 World Bank. 2004. Involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook. P.366 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 37 Using the Belize Process Framework as a model, the establishment of agreed upon eligibility criteria can be followed by an open call for proposals. This call will target potentially affected persons and their households and will seek proposals aimed at receiving training and small grants to support alternative sustainable livelihoods. Technical assistance in the preparation of proposals will be provided to potentially affected persons and communities by representative organisations such as fishing cooperatives. The Belize Process Framework allowed for applications to be made on behalf of affected users by eligible NGOs and CBOs participating in the co-management of MMAs and MPAs. The procurement process will be governed by a multi-stakeholder committee reflecting the same make up as the committee that develops the selection criteria. The process will be designed for fairness and transparency, and will be accompanied by communications to ensure eligible parties are aware of all application requirements and technical supports available to prepare proposals. This procurement process for proposals to receive training and small grants could follow the following steps16: 1. Submission of concept paper; 2. Screening; 3. Community mobilisation and planning; 4. Technical evaluation; 5. Development of business plan; 6. Approval; 7. Notification of decision; 8. Implementation; and 9. Monitoring and reporting. 16 Adapted from the 2014 Belize Process Framework. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 38 Recognising the limited and uneven ability and capacity of potentially affected persons to prepare and submit these concepts, implementation of this livelihoods recovery initiative will have to include awareness and mobilisation activities, along with training to be delivered prior to submission of concept papers. 2.4 Dispute Resolution Mechanisms/Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) A Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) is required World Bank OP 4.12 in order to identify procedures to effectively address legitimate concerns of potentially affected persons arising from project implementation. A grievance is defined by the World Bank OP 4.12 as an issue, concern, problem, claim (perceived or actual) or complaint that an individual or group wants the project to address and resolve.17 The GRM is intended to respond to four types of project-related grievances: 1. Comments, suggestions, or queries; 2. Complaints relating to non-performance of project obligations; 3. Complaints referring to violations of law and/or corruption; and 4. Complaints against project staff or community members involved in project management. Also expected are grievances related to expected or actual loss of livelihoods, and eligibility for participation in livelihoods restoration programming. It is understood that when community members present a grievance, they generally expect to receive one or more of the following: 1. Acknowledgment of their problem; 2. An honest response to questions about project activities; 3. An apology; 4. Compensation; 5. Modification of the conduct that caused the grievance; and, 6. Some other fair remedy. In this context, GRMs are developed in order to resolve project-related disputes at the earliest possible time, and to mitigate the need for relying on the court system for resolution. 17The Nature Conservancy. 2014. Belize Marine Conservation and Climate Change Adaptation Project. Process Framework Report. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 39 As described in the 2014 Belize Process Framework, a GRM can enhance project delivery in several ways:  increasing stakeholder involvement in the project;  generating public awareness about the project and its objectives;  increasing accountability to project stakeholders by providing project staff with practical feedback; and,  mitigating risk, such as by stress-testing internal organisational procedures and deterring fraud and corruption. An online GRM has been established by the OECS Commission designed to receive complaints that may arise during the life of the CROP. A link provided at the bottom of the OECS home page (www.oecs.org) is available to any individual seeking to file a project-related complaint. The OECS has also established a GRM appeals process. Any grievance not addressed in a satisfactory manner can be appealed to Grievance Redress Outcome, Head, and Project Management Unit at the OECS Commission. Appeals are to be conducted by email ( contact the Ministry with responsibility for the CROP or the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) National Focal Point. Dominica’s Kalinago Council and Ministry of Kalinago Affairs are also identified as GRM contacts in cases relevant to the Kalinago community and territory. The CROP and associated project activities are scheduled to conclude by December 31, 2021. Beyond this date, responsibility for GRM management will be assumed by National Ocean Governance Committees currently being established in each of the 5 participating countries, and expected to be operational by project conclusion. The GRM to be implemented by each of the National Oceans Governance Committees may build on the GRM tools put in place by OECS, and should reflect the procedures and intended outcomes laid out in this section. At a minimum, each national GRM should include:  A system for recording and reporting grievances filed in writing either by email or posted by mail;  A designated staff person with responsibility for communicating with the public; and,  A timeframe to address the filed grievances. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 40 The ongoing management of the national GRMs will be regularly monitored and evaluated by each National Oceans Governance Committee. Ensuring the GRM is effectively implemented will require building stakeholder Awareness about the GRM and training staff on the GRM. Care must be taken to ensure that a GRM prepared by the project does not replace an existing GRM facility that operates within the Kalinago community. Project efforts should focus instead on strengthening Kalinago GRM capacity to implement the following procedures for addressing grievances originating within the Kalinago Territory during the CROP: 1. Grievance raised with the Kalinago Council; 2. The Kalinago Council notifies the National Implementing Ministry/Focal Point in writing; 3. The National Implementing Entity immediately communicates the grievance to the OECS Commission and the National Oceans Governance Committee; 4. The OECS Commission seeks Guidance from the World Bank's Social Safeguard Specialist; and, 5. The OECS provides feedback to the National Implementing Unit to resolve the grievance. Steps 3 through 5 will be amended to ensure a post-CROP GRM reflects the transition in responsibilities from the OECS to the National Ocean Governance Coordinating Committees. The steps required to support a post-CROP GRM will be developed during CROP in consultation with Dominica’s emerging National Ocean Governance Coordinating Committee, the Ministry of Kalinago Affairs, the Kalinago Chief and Council. 2.5 Administrative & Legal Procedures Administrative responsibility for undertaking Process and Framework-related activities during the life of the CROP agreement rests with the CROP OECS Project Implementing Unit (PIU), with the support of the consultant, and in consultation with the active and emerging National Ocean Governance Committees being established in each of the five participating countries. This shared responsibility during the life of the CROP agreement includes designing the process of engaging stakeholders and monitoring and reporting on stakeholder engagement results, identifying adverse impacts on livelihoods causes by project activities, and establishing mechanisms to mitigate these adverse impacts. Similarly, preparation of the Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework will involve a shared responsibility for determining what constitutes resettlement, identifying its impacts on displaced persons and other adversely affected groups, and outlining a viable pathway for the delivery of compensation and/or other resettlement assistance. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 41 The capacity assessment undertaken in 2019 as part of the CROP Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies points to the type of governance structures where the Process Framework implementation will reside beyond the life of the CROP agreement.18 As described in the 2017 Assessment of Marine Spatial Planning Feasibility Report, CROP activities are to be implemented through institutional arrangements that “emphasise national responsibility and regional cooperation, consultation and stakeholder participation.” 19 Elements of this institutional framework include:  An OECS Ocean Governance Team, comprised of representatives from each country as well as the OECS Secretariat and any needed advisory groups;  National Coordination Agencies;  National Ocean Governance Focal Points; and,  An Ocean Governance Unit of the OECS Commission (to lead and coordinate activities at the regional level). At present, and as discussed in the country national annexes, national ocean governance coordinating committees are at varying stages of being operational in Saint Lucia and St. Vincent & the Grenadines, with committees still in early stages of formation in the remaining three countries. Saint Lucia established its committee in June 2018, in the form of an expanded national coastal zone management committee which had previously been established in 2001. St. Vincent and the Grenadines has also formally established an Ocean Governance Coordination Committee, though it is not yet fully operational. The 2017 Assessment of Marine Spatial Planning Feasibility Report identified several existing intersectoral committees that could serve as the foundation for future national Ocean Governance Committees in the remaining countries. These include Grenada’s Coastal Zone Task Force and St. Kitts and Nevis’ National Maritime Coordination Committee. The Feasibility Report identified no clear coordination committee in Dominica. Within the framework of National Ocean Governance coordinating committees, national ministries responsible for fisheries will play a key role in working with fisheries sector 18 Howell Marine Consulting and Sustainable Seas Limited. 2019. Final Baseline Report. OECS Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project, Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies. 19 The Nature Conservancy (TNC). 2017. The Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (CROP): Assessment of Marine Spatial Planning Feasibility Report. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 42 stakeholders to identify and address potentially adverse impacts on livelihoods. Fisheries are well positioned to engage with MMA/MPA co-managers, fisherfolk cooperatives and fishing communities, where livelihoods are most likely to be adversely impacted by CMSP implementation. In the case of Dominica, the Chief and Council of the Kalinago Territory will be fully engaged to promote their participation in managing marine resources and in the development of alternative livelihoods that are culturally appropriate. Legal and institutional mechanisms are described in the Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework for Kalinago Territory Dominica prepared in 2018.20 Consultation planned during the preparation of the CMSP will address and define the specific role to be played by the Chief and Council in the management and implementation of the PF. Integrated Ocean Governance frameworks operating at the national and regional scales will be essential, as adverse impacts on livelihoods may occur in any of multiple sectors identified in Section 2.1. This is well articulated in the 2019 Developing National Ocean Policies (NOP) and Strategies Report: “The vision and policy outcomes presented within any NOP will not be achieved unless there are formal governance arrangements in place, endorsed across Government, resourced and given the power and influence to implement action. There is therefore a need to improve upon institutional, policy and legal arrangements through improved coordinating mechanisms for NOP delivery.” A more detailed assessment of the institutional and legal framework in place within each of the five participating countries is presented within the five Country Technical Annexes. 2.6 Monitoring & Reporting System The purpose of the Process Framework Monitoring and Reporting (M&R) system will be to monitor the extent and significance of adverse impacts on livelihoods and the effectiveness of measures designed to assist affected persons to improve or restore incomes and livelihoods. M&R activities will take place both during and after the life of the CROP agreement. The focus of M&R activities during the CROP agreement will include designing the M&R system and actively monitoring and reporting on stakeholder engagement. With the exception of 20JECO Caribbean Inc. 2018. Regional Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA)OECS Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (CROP). Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 43 stakeholder engagement, CROP activities will focus on development of the M&R system in anticipation of post-project monitoring and reporting. The monitoring and reporting system for the Process Framework will be incorporated into the overall project M&R system. The Process Framework M&R system will be developed over the life of the project under the leadership of the OECS PIU and National Ocean Governance coordinating committees. The latter will be responsible for gathering, analysing, reporting and disseminating the information obtained from the M&R system. Development of the M&R system will rely on stakeholder engagement for defining indicators, establishing baseline measures and targets, identifying data collection sources, assessing capacity for ongoing monitoring and agreeing on roles and responsibilities for sustained monitoring and reporting. Stakeholder engagement will focus on fishers who may potentially be restricted from accessing specific areas for fishing due the establishment and/or enforcement through various regulatory measures, such as no-take zones. Beneficiaries of livelihoods restoration assistance will participate in active monitoring of the effectiveness of these sustainable livelihood recovery measures. The table below outlines the various components of the Process Framework M&R systems, including indicators to be defined, data to be collected, method of collection, frequency of collection and the responsible party. Active monitoring of Component 1 is to begin during the life of the CROP agreement, while Components 2 and 3 are to be monitored post-CROP. Component/Objectives Indicators Means of Frequency Responsible Verification Component 1 – Participatory Planning Component 2 – Livelihood Restoration and Mitigation Measures Component 3 – Grievance Redressal Mechanism The following are examples of national-scale indicators to report on Process Framework implementation related to consultation and mitigating adverse impacts on livelihoods:21  Percentage of population in areas surrounding affected areas that adopt new livelihoods attributable to project efforts;  Number of livelihood restoration projects implemented; 21Indicators drawn TNC’s 2014. Belize Marine Conservation and Climate Change Adaptation Project Process Framework Report and SVG. 2018. National Ocean Policy & Strategic Action Plan. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 44  Percentage of targeted local community benefitting from increases in income;  Stakeholder engagement strategy approved by National Ocean Coordinating Committee;  Percentage of the stakeholder engagement strategy implemented;  Number of local communities consulted on coastal and marine planning; and  Number of ocean-related plans publicly available through the Government Website. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 45 Part 3 Country Technical Annexes 22 Country Technical Annex 1 - Dominica 3.1 Part 1 National Policy Context A number of national policies, at various stages of development, form a context for identifying, engaging and responding to persons and communities in Dominica potentially affected by adverse impacts on livelihoods due to the CROP CMSP. Of note, however, is the absence of a policy that integrates and coordinates marine and coastal issues. There is currently no National Ocean Policy in place in Dominica, with ocean issues yet to be explicitly or formally addressed in national policy. There is also a need for an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) policy. The Government of Dominica prepared a Green Climate Fund (GCF) Concept Note in 2017 entitled “Developing Climate Resilient Integrated Coastal Management in Dominica”, with a full proposal expected to be submitted in 2019. A Fisheries Policy for Dominica, 2012-2037 was prepared by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, but remains in draft form. A number of policies and plans have been developed and approved by Cabinet, falling within the areas of Biodiversity, Pollution Control and Tourism. These are listed as follows: Biodiversity  National Resilient Development Strategy and National Biodiversity Strategy & Action Plan, both led by the Ministry of Environment, Climate Resilience, Disaster Management and Urban Renewal; and  Soufriere/Scott’s Head Marine Reserve Management Plan and Cabrits National Park Marine Section Management Plan, both led by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries. 22 The information in these country technical annexes draw from several key documents, particularly the National Ocean Policy Final Baseline Report prepared by Howell in 2019; reports of a series of national workshops conducted in 2014 by CANARI with fisherfolk organisations under the Strengthening Caribbean Fisherfolk to Participate in Governance project, and Food and Agriculture Organisation country profiles of the fisheries sector. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 46 Pollution  National Integrated Water Resources Management Policy and Water Resources; and Strategic Development Plan, led by the Ministry of Public Works, Water Resource Management and Ports. Tourism  National Tourism Policy and Masterplan, led by the Ministry of Tourism and Culture. 3.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations As discussed in Section 2.1 of the report, the fisheries sector and individuals earning their livelihoods within this sector are considered most likely to be affected by future restrictions limiting access to marine areas. Dominica’s fisheries sector is small-scale and artisanal in nature. In 2014, the fisheries sector included 1,344 direct jobs concentrated in marine coastal fishing. An additional 4,047 indirect jobs were found in fisheries-dependent activities. This accounted for a total of 18 percent of the workforce (FAO 2016). Most fishing activity takes place in the Caribbean Sea, while most fish landed in Dominica are sold directly to the public at the landing sites. Approximately 2/3 of fishers use pirogues up to 130 km offshore. The remaining one-third of fishers operate within 8 km of the coast, relying on nets cast from canoes to catch small coastal pelagic species or traps used for demersal species such as snapper and grouper. Part-time artisanal fishers rely on small motorised vessels and supplement their income in the agricultural and construction sectors (Howell 2019). The 2017 hurricane disrupted the fisheries sector significantly. For example, only about 200 boats are dedicated to full time fishing targeting pelagic fish, compared to pre-hurricane totals of closer to 1000. The installation of Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) had led to significant increase in catches of large migratory pelagic species, but many FADs were destroyed by Hurricane Maria (Howell 2019). Tourism is another sector with the potential to be affected by adverse impacts on livelihoods due to restricted access to marine areas. Tourism is vitally important to the national economy, contributing the largest proportion of GDP compared to other OECS and CARICOM States. Dominica’s tourism activities are heavily reliant on the marine environment, including yachting, scuba diving and whale watching. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 47 The future of the tourism sector is closely tied to the quality and status of the marine environment, with possible consequences on livelihoods due to the need for imposing some limits on access to and impact on more sensitive marine areas. 3.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, Legal and Regulatory Practices, and Requirements Part 3 of the country profile identifies organisations to be included in the Process Framework consultation, provides an overview of existing marine management and protected areas and lists the enabling legislation most relevant to managing adverse impacts on livelihoods associated with limiting access to marine areas. 3.3.1 Key Stakeholders Government Agencies  Ministry of Environment, Climate Resilience, Disaster Management and Urban Renewal; o Physical Planning Department - Coastal zone management o Environmental Health Department - Pollution control and monitoring  Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries;  Forestry Division - Management of coastal recreational areas, turtle management;  Cooperative Division - Assistance to Fisheries Cooperatives;  Ministry of Public Works, Water Resource Management and Ports; o Sand mining, sea defence structures  The Ministry of Kalinago Affairs;  Ministry of Tourism and Culture; and  Coast Guard - Surveillance, fishermen's training. Fisheries Organisations  National Association of Fisherfolk Co-operative (NAFCO-OP);  Castle Bruce Fishing study group;  Fond St. Jean Fisheries Co-operative;  Newtown Fisheries Co-operative;  Salisbury Fisheries, Agriculture and Tourism Coop;  St. Andrew's Fisheries Co-operative;  St. David's Fisheries Co-operative;  St. John's Fisheries Co-operative / Portsmouth; Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 48  St. Joseph Fisheries Cooperative;  St. Marks Fisherfolk Cooperative Society;  St. Paul's Fisheries Co-operative;  St. Peters Co-operative;  Woodbridge Bay Fisheries Co-operative; and  Woodford Hill Fisheries Co-operative. Dominica’s fishing cooperatives have between 600 and 700 members, representing half of the registered fishers in Dominica. The cooperatives are, in turn, members of a national association. Marine & Environmental Protection  Local Area Management Authority for Cabrits National Park; and  Local Area Management Authority for Soufriere/Scott’s Head Marine Reserve. Tourism  Castle Bruce Tourism Association;  Dominica Watersports Association (DWA) - Marine conservation, scuba diving;  Marigot Community Tourism Committee;  North Eastern Wildlife Conservation Environmental Protection and Tours (NEWCEPT);  Portsmouth Association of Yacht Services (PAYS); and  Southeast Tourism Development Committee. Indigenous People Dominica’s Kalinago people are the only indigenous community in the CROP countries. Active and early consultation with the Kalinago people through their Chief and Council will be essential for planning for the protection of marine resources currently accessed by the Kalinago community. The 2018 IPPF identifies the unique rights to traditional lands, territories and resources conferred to the Kalinago community and its Territory. The Kalinago Territory is governed by local rules and regulations, including a sustainable coastal and marine management system. The IPPF also recognises the value of Kalinago knowledge of the natural environment and ecosystems gained from a long history of environmental management. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 49 3.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas Dominica currently has two marine protected areas: the Soufriere Scotts Head Marine Reserve (SSMR) and the Cabrits National Park. The SSMR was established under the Fisheries Act 1987 and by the Statutory Rules and Orders #18 of 1998. A LAMA was established under SRO#17 of 1998. The SSMR is managed by a multi-sectoral Local Area Management Authority (LAMA). A LAMA is entirely voluntary, with no paid staff. It is a multi-stakeholder body which brings together representation from fisherfolk, local government, the hospitality sector, Dominica Water sports Association, Dominica Coast Guard and the Fisheries Division. The SSMR LAMA is charged with implementing and enforcing the rules and regulations of the marine reserve. These include collecting user fees, maintaining the moorings, monitoring the reefs, maintaining infrastructure, and facilitating scientific research. The Cabrits National Park LAMA responsible for Marine section is in the process of being established. 3.3.3 Key Legislation The following identifies legislation relevant to potential adverse impacts on marine & coastal livelihoods. Climate Change  Climate Resilience Act 2018; and  Climate Change Environment and Natural Resource Management Bill (draft) Emergency Powers (Disaster Act) 1987. Conservation including MPAs  Climate Change Environment and Natural Resource Management Bill (draft) Forestry and Wildlife Act 1976;  Physical Planning Act 2002;  Beach Control Act 1966 (as amended);  National Parks and Protected Areas Act 2015 (as amended);  Fisheries Act 1987; and  Fisheries Management Authority (Soufriere/Scotts Head Marine Reserve) Notice 1998. Fisheries Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 50  Fisheries Act 1987. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 51 Pollution  Forestry and Wildlife Act 1976;  Environmental Health Services Act 1997;  Fisheries Act 1987;  Water and Sewerage Act 1994 (as amended);  Solid Waste Management Act 2002 (as amended);  Pesticide Control Act 1974;  Litter Act 1997 (as amended);  Oil Spill Pollution Bill (draft); and  Water Catchment Rules 1995. Tourism  Discover Dominica Authority Act 2007; and  Tourism (Regulation and Standards) Act 2008 (as amended). Kalinago Territory None of the laws of Dominica related to natural resources management make specific mention of the rights of the Kalinago Council to manage its Territory. The Kalinago Chief and Council have expressed a desire for greater authority on marine governance, building on existing systems developed by the Kalinago community. 3.4 Part 4 Assessment of institutional and Community Capacity The following highlights key issues related to the need to build capacity for the governance of sustainable livelihoods management in Dominica, and capacity issues facing potentially affected persons, with a focus on Dominica’s fishing sector. This section draws from key findings of the CROP 2019 Final Baseline Report, Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies, prepared by Howell Marine Consulting, and a series of Workshops conducted in 2014 by CANARI under the Strengthening Caribbean Fisherfolk to Participate in Governance project.  Proper engagement of civil society stakeholders in the development of marine management systems will be important in the context of post-disaster recovery. This must include the indigenous population through the Kalinago Chief and Council.  There is no operational National Ocean Governance Committee, though one is under development as part of CROP and should be operational during the life of the project.  The Ministry of Kalinago Affairs should participate in the National Ocean Governance Committee. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 52 A 2014 National Fisherfolk Workshop identified these livelihoods-related capacity challenges facing fisherfolk in Dominica:  Fisherfolk are not aware of the importance to their livelihoods of being part of cooperatives.  Fisherfolk are not trained to treat fishing as a business. Training in financial management would help address this. 3.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps Figure 1 Country Context Map Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 53 Figure 2 Location of Coastal and Marine Protected/Management Areas (Existing & Proposed) Figure 3 Landing sites of Dominica Source: FAO 2002. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 54 Country Technical Annex 2 - Grenada 4.1 Part 1 National Policy Context A number of national policies, at various stages of development, form a context for identifying, engaging and responding to persons and communities in Grenada potentially affected by adverse impacts on livelihoods due to CROP and the CMSP. While no formal National Ocean Policy is in place, the Government of Grenada has prepared several planning and policy initiatives in both the coastal and nearshore zones, as follows:  The Grenada Protected Areas System Plan was approved by Cabinet in 2009, and serves as the basis for the Grenada Marine Protected Areas Programme. The Ministry of Climate Resilience, the Environment, Forestry, Fisheries, Disaster Management and Information is the Lead.  An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Policy was completed in 2015 and approved by Cabinet in 2016. The ICZM Policy lead is the Ministry of Climate Resilience, the Environment, Forestry, Fisheries, Disaster Management and Information  The Blue Growth Master Plan (BGMP) is a Cabinet-approved visioning document and investment strategy launched in 2016. The BGMP builds on the ICZM policy. While its strength is as an investment plan, the development of CMPs and MSPs will help bring a more balanced approach to achieve goals of sustainable development. Other relevant policies and plans endorsed by Cabinet and led by the Ministry of Climate Resilience, the Environment, Forestry, Fisheries, Disaster Management and Information, include:  National Adaptation Plan;  National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan; and  Water Management Plan. Relevant policies and plans currently under development include,  A draft National Fisheries Policy, led by the Ministry of Climate Resilience, the Environment, Forestry, Fisheries, Disaster Management and Information. The policy addresses five themes: Enhancing the status and capability of fishers; Sustainable stewardship & conservation of aquatic resources; Realising the development potential inherent within the fisheries sector; Maintaining the sector’s role in sustaining livelihoods Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 55 of the poor; and Generating a positive interaction with Grenada’s wider economic community.  A National Sustainable Development Plan (NSDP) 2035, being prepared by the Ministry of Finance. The investment strategies proposed by the BGMP will serve as input to the preparation of the NSDP. 4.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations As discussed in Section 2.1 of the report, the fisheries sector and individuals earning their livelihoods within this sector are considered most likely to be affected by future restrictions limiting access to marine areas. Consistent with other OECS member countries, Grenada’s fisheries sector is dominated by small-scale and artisanal activities. However, the sector has experienced a shift away from subsistence to more commercial operations, including catching large pelagic species. The evolution has occurred within a broader policy context of achieving goals of food security and poverty reduction. In fact, the fisheries sector plays an important economic role within Grenada’s national economy, accounting for 1.5 percent of GDP in 2012, and 31 percent of primary sector GDP (FAO 2016a). As of 2012, a total of 3,250 fishers were employed in the fisheries sector, which included over 900 boats. 86 percent of direct employment was full-time. An additional 100 individuals were employed in the secondary sector, including 70 vendors, 13 boat builders, and 10 exporters. Grenada’s fishers rely on a total of 45 landing sites (see Figure 2 below) distributed across the islands. These include seven primary landing sites with fish market and port facilities (Grenville, Melville Street, Gouyave, Victoria, Duquesne, Sauteurs and Hillsborough in Carriacou). The remaining sites offer beaches or bays without infrastructure. One site at Grand Mal includes two of four fish processing plants (FAO 2016a). Similar to other OECS countries, marine tourism is another sector potentially affected by future restrictions to marine areas. Marine-focused livelihood-generating have emerged as the single largest maritime economic activity in Grenada. Smaller-scale livelihood-generating activities associated with this sector include yachting, boating, and scuba diving. Downstream livelihoods dependent on larger-scale activities such as cruise ship tourism, and beach side hotels and beaches, may also be adversely impacted by future restrictions to marine areas. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 56 4.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, Legal and Regulatory Practices. and Requirements Part 3 of the country profile identifies organisations to be included in the Process Framework consultation, provides an overview of existing marine management and protected areas and lists the enabling legislation most relevant to managing adverse impacts on livelihoods associated with limiting access to marine areas. 4.3.1 Key Stakeholders Government Agencies  Ministry of Agriculture, Lands and Fisheries;  Fisheries Division: MPA coordinator and Chief Fisheries Officer;  Ministry of Carriacou and Petite Martinique Affairs, Fisheries Officer; and  Forestry Division. Fisheries Organisations  National Fisherfolk Association;  Carriacou Fisher Folk Cooperative;  Soubise Fishermen Co-operative;  Grenville Fisheries Complex;  Sauteurs Fishermen Co-operative;  St. John’s Fishermen Association;  St. Patrick’s Fishermen Co-operative Society Ltd;  Grenville FAD Fishers Organisation Inc.; and  Sea Moss Farmers of Grenville Bay. Marine & Environmental Protection  Moliniere/Beausejour MPA Management Committee;  Woburn/Clarks Court Bay MPA Management Committee;  Sandy Island/Oyster Bed MPA Management Committee;  St. Patrick’s Environmental and Community Tourism Organisation (SPECTO); and  Ridge to Reef (R2R). Tourism  Carriacou and Petit Martinique Water Taxi Association (CPMWTA); Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 57  Grenada Scuba Dive Association;  Port Louis Marinas, Grenada Tourism Authority (GTA) ;  Marine and Yachting Association Grenada (MAYAG); and  Grenada Hotel and Tourism Association (GHTA). Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 58 Agriculture/Agro-forestry  Grenada Organic Agriculture Movement (GOAM). 4.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas Consistent with the Caribbean Challenge Initiative (CCI), Grenada’s Marine Protected Area Programme aims to protect 25 percent of nearshore or coastal resources by 2020. Protection is currently at 19 percent. Progress towards this target has been supported by the adoption of a Ridge to Reef (R2R) Initiative. Grenada is now home to four established MPAs, with two more be designated during 2019, and a further three by 2020. The four established MPAs include:  Sandy Island Oyster Bed MPA(SIOBMPA), located on the island of Carriacou and established in July 2010;  Molinere-Beausejour MPA, established in Sept 2010;  Grand Anse MPA (est. May 2017). Grenada’s largest MPA (~1,965 ha (19.7 km2) ; and  Woburn Clark's Court Bay MPA. Prior to establishment of the Grand Anse MPA, only about 4 percent of Grenada’s coastal and marine ecosystems were under management. MPA designation and management in Grenada is the responsibility of the Department of Fisheries. The Fisheries Act refers to Marine Protected Areas, with four different management categories falling under this term: Marine Parks; Marine Reserves; Marine Historical Sites; and Marine Sanctuaries. These categories allow for a wide range of uses including commercial fishing, recreational use and total protection limited to research. Each MPA can be zoned to accommodate multiple management categories. Grenada relies on two MPA management models. The island of Grenada relies on a management model that is centralised within the Fisheries Division, which maintains day to day management responsibilities. The Division provides rangers, a manager and an MPA biologist. On Carriacou and other islands, a co-management board assumes day to day management responsibilities. Co-management stakeholders include the Fisheries Division, Coastguard, Tourism, Water Taxis, Fishers, Dive Community, Carriacou affairs and local community representation. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 59 Examples of Marine Management Systems for Grenada’s MPAs: Grand Anse MPA The development of the Grand Anse MPA Management Plan was the result of a participatory consultative process involving multiple stakeholder groups, including the Fisherfolks Cooperative. A Grand Anse Stakeholder Advisor Committee and a mooring sub-committee were established as a result of this process. Consultations have been maintained with major stakeholders such as fishers, hotels, dive operators and the community, in general. These consultations have resulted in updates to a draft zoning plan for the MPA. Carriacou Sandy Island Oyster Bed MPA Co-Management Plan The concept of co-management is a key method for ensuring continuous stakeholder engagement. In the case of Carriacou MPA, the practice of co-management is limited by the reality that the management office is staffed by a single Ministry of Carriacou & Petit Martinique Affairs’ Fisheries Department employee. Guave MPA (under development) The Guave Fisherfolks Cooperative has initiated a co-management plan as a marine and coastal resource protection initiative, and undertook a public awareness program. The Fisheries department is involved, though an MPA has not been established. 4.3.3 Key Legislation The following identifies legislation relevant to potential adverse impacts on marine & coastal livelihoods. Climate Change  National Disaster (Emergency Powers) Act CAP. 203. Conservation including MPAs  Forest Soil and Water Conservation Act CAP. 116;  National Heritage Protection Act CAP. 204;  National Parks and Protected Areas Act CAP. 206; and  National Trust Act CAP. 207. Fisheries  Fisheries Act CAP. 108 (as amended); and Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 60  Oyster Fishery Act CAP. 223. ICZM  Coastal Zone Management Act (draft). Pollution  Beach Protection Act CAP. 29;  Abatement of Litter Act No. 24 of 2015 (as amended);  Environmental Levy Act CAP. 90B (as amended);  Grenada Solid Waste Management Authority Act CAP. 131A;  National Water and Sewerage Authority Act CAP. 208;  Oil in Navigable Waters Act CAP. 218;  Waste Management Act CAP. 334A;  Water Quality Act CAP. 334B; and  Ports Authority Act CAP. 247. Tourism  Grenada Tourism Authority Act No. 42 of 2013 (as amended); and  Yachting Act CAP. 345. 4.4 Part 4 Assessment of Institutional and Community Capacity The following highlights key issues related to the need to build capacity for the governance of sustainable livelihoods management in Grenada, and capacity issues facing potentially affected persons, with a focus on Grenada’s fishing sector. This section draws from key findings of the CROP 2019 Final Baseline Report, Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies, prepared by Howell Marine Consulting, and a series of Workshops conducted in 2014 by CANARI under the Strengthening Caribbean Fisherfolk to Participate in Governance project. There no operational National Ocean Governance Committee in Grenada. However, there are coordinating mechanisms in place to support a National Ocean Governance Committee, such as Grenada’s Department of Economic and Technical Cooperation. The department is mandated to coordinate technical and economic cooperation programmes with selected regional and international development agencies. Improvement is needed in joining up existing policies and plans relevant to marine management. Related to this is the need for adequate financial resources and trained staff with capacity to support an integrated approach to the implementation of a National Ocean Policy. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 61 A 2014 National Fisherfolk Workshop identified livelihood-related capacity challenges facing fisherfolk in Grenada and the following responses:  Improving knowledge among fisherfolk of running a business;  Training in financial management;  Developing a market intelligence system involving the Fisheries Division and the National Fisherfolk Organisation;  Building information sharing and dissemination capacity; and  Developing negotiating skills. 4.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps Figure 1 Country Context Map Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 62 Figure 2 Location of Coastal and Marine Protected/Management Areas (Existing & Proposed) Figure 3 Distribution and Characteristics of Main Landing Sites in Grenada Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 63 Source: FAO. 2016. Country Technical Annex 3 – St. Kitts & Nevis 5.1 Part 1 National Policy Context A number of national policies, at various stages of development, form a context for identifying, engaging and responding to persons and communities in St. Kitts & Nevis potentially affected by adverse impacts on livelihoods due to CROP and the CMSP. A Protected Area Systems Plan was developed with the support of OECS and approved in 2010. Cabinet-approved Marine Management Area plans are led by the Ministry of Agriculture, Human Settlement, Cooperatives and Environment. These are to be implemented within the framework of a Marine Zoning Plan for Saint Kitts and Nevis, prepared in 2010.23 A National Maritime Policy and Action Plan was prepared in 2015 but remains in draft form. No National Fisheries Policy exists, though the National Maritime Policy defines a fisheries management goal in terms of developing and increasing the “potential of marine living resources to meet social, economic and nutritional needs”. There is currently no Cabinet-approved policy enabling integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). However, a National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy is under development. Coastal and marine ecosystems have been identified as a priority area for adaptation within this project. Other Cabinet-approved policies and plans relevant to coastal and marine livelihoods management include:  National Environmental Management Strategy and National Biodiversity Action plan, led by the Ministry of Agriculture, Human Settlement, Cooperatives and Environment;  Tourism Sector Strategy and Action Plan (2014 - 2019) and Yachting Policy and Strategic Plan (2014), both led by the Ministry of Tourism; and,  National Physical Development Plan, led by the Ministry of Public Infrastructure, Posts, Urban Development and Transport. 23See: The Nature Conservancy. 2010. Marine Zoning in St. Kitts and Nevis: A Path Towards Sustainable Management of Marine Resources). Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 64 5.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations As discussed in Section 2.1 of the report, the fisheries sector and individuals earning their livelihoods within this sector are considered most likely to be affected by future restrictions limiting access to marine areas. Fisheries activities in St. Kitts and Nevis are largely small scale and local. With the exception of the two main fisheries centres in Basseterre and Charlestown, fish are usually sold direct from fishers’ boats at landing sites. At the same time, this sector makes a modest but significant contribution to GDP, accounting for 5 percent of the total in 2014 (FAO 2016bb). 2014 data estimated a total of 805 persons employed directly in the fisheries sector. These numbers include a total of 24 female fishers. Aquaculture remains in its infancy, with 3 persons employed in this sector (FAO 2016b). The Demersal/reef/bank fishery is the largest fisheries type accounting for ¾ of fishers and 80 percent of fishing vessels. Fishers in this sector rely on traps, hand lines and spear guns. An additional 10 percent of fishers rely on a coastal pelagic fishery sector, operating in shallow waters and using seines and gillnets. The balance of fishers engage in catching ocean pelagic species, conch or rely on aquaculture (FAO 2016b). Saint Kitts has five major landing sites (East Basseterre, West Basseterre, Old Road, Sandy Point (Pump Bay) and Dieppe Bay), while Nevis has one large site (Charlestown) and four minor one (Jessups, Cotton Ground, Jones Bay, Newcastle). The two islands are each home to one fish processing factory (FAO 2016b). Similar to other OECS countries, marine tourism is a second sector to consider in anticipating potential adverse impacts on livelihoods. Marine economic activities in this sector include yachting, boating, scuba diving, cruising, and beach side hotels. 5.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, legal and regulatory practices and requirements Part 3 of the country profile identifies organisations to be included in the Process Framework consultation, provides an overview of existing marine management and protected areas and lists the enabling legislation most relevant to managing adverse impacts on livelihoods associated with limiting access to marine areas. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 65 5.3.1 Key Stakeholders Working within the framework of a future National Ocean Governance Committee, stakeholder engagement of potentially affected persons should include representatives of government agencies on both St. Kitts and Nevis, as well as local NGOs, notably those representing the fishing and tourism sectors. Government Agencies Recent restructuring has led to the transformation of the Fisheries Department into the Department of Marine Resources (DMR). The DMR’s responsibilities include ocean conservation and management related to both living and non-living marine resources, biodiversity and pollution management, and designating and managing Marine Management Areas within the two nautical mile zone around SKN. Other national ministries include:  Ministry of Agriculture, Human Settlement, Cooperatives and Environment  Ministry of Tourism; and  Ministry of Public Infrastructure, Posts, Urban Development and Transport. Fisheries Organisations  Indian Castle Fisher Folks Association; and  Nevis Fishermen Marketing and Supply Co-op. Marine & Environmental Protection  St. Kitts National Trust; and  St Christopher and Nevis Conservation Foundation (SCNCF). Tourism  Nevis Historical and Conservation Society;  Rising Sun Agri/Eco Tour Guides;  St. Kitts Sailing Association;  St. Kitts Yacht Club; and  Water Taxi Association. Agriculture Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 66  New River Farmers Association, Nevis. 5.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas The draft National Maritime Policy and Action Plan articulates the Government’s commitment to establish a network of Marine Protected Areas. Consistent with the Caribbean Challenge Initiative, the policy calls for MPAs to account for 20 percent of the marine area. Working within the framework of the SKN Protected Areas System Plan, the Department of Marine Resources, in collaboration with key stakeholders, has developed the Saint Kitts and Nevis Marine Management Area (SKNMMA). The SKNMMA covers all of the coastal water for approximately two miles around both islands. Work is still required to develop specific “no take zones” or Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Establishment of Conservation and No Take Zones is enabled by the Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Resources Act (2016). St. Kitts & Nevis also supports three conservation zones, ten multiple use zones and three fisheries zones. 5.3.3 Key Legislation The following identifies legislation relevant to potential adverse impacts on marine & coastal livelihoods. Climate Change  National Conservation and Environmental Protection Act 1987; and  National Disaster Management Act 1998. Conservation including MPAs  National Conservation and Environmental Protection Act 1987 (draft amendment 2009);  Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Resources Act 2016;  Saint Christopher and Nevis National Trust Act 2009; and  Zoning Ordinance (1991). Fisheries  Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Resources Act 2016; and  St Christopher and Nevis Fisheries Act (Fisheries Act 2002). Pollution  Maritime Pollution Management Act 2002; Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 67  Development Control and Planning Act 2000;  Solid Waste Management Act 2009;  Industrial Designs Act 2005;  Litter Abatement Act 1989;  Environmental Health Act 2005;  Public Health Act 1969; and  Watercourses and Waterworks Ordinance 1956. Tourism  Yachting Act (draft). 5.4 Part 4 Assessment of institutional and Community Capacity The following highlights key issues related to the need to build capacity for the governance of sustainable livelihoods management in St. Kitts & Nevis, and capacity issues facing potentially affected persons, with a focus on the national fisheries sector. This section draws from key findings of the CROP 2019 Final Baseline Report, Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies, prepared by Howell Marine Consulting. Currently there is no operational National Ocean Governance Committee and no ICZM-related coordinating mechanism to provide a link between land and marine planning. While a Maritime Committee exists with good multi-sectoral representation, the capacity within the Department of Maritime Affairs limits it ability to serve as either a champion or lead for the NOGC. While effective ICZM is a shared responsibility, no arrangements exist across departments for coordinating delivery. ICZM-related responsibility currently fall under the Department of Environment, but the absence of a national policy framework hinders capacity to addressing issues in an integrated manner. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 68 5.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps Figure 1 Country Context Map Figure 2 Location of Coastal and Marine Protected/Management Areas (Existing & Proposed) Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 69 Figure 3 Major Fish landing sites in St. Kitts Source: FAO. 2006. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 70 Country Technical Annex 4 – Saint Lucia 6.1 Part 1 National Policy Context A number of national policies, at various stages of development, form a context for identifying, engaging and responding to persons and communities in Saint Lucia potentially affected by adverse impacts on livelihoods due to CROP and the CMSP. While no formal National Ocean Policy is in place, the Government of Saint Lucia has prepared several planning and policy initiatives relevant to coastal and marine planning. These include the formal adoption in 2004 of a National Coastal Zone Management Policy and the preparation of a draft Coastal Zone Management (CZM) Strategy and Action Plan, in 2008. The 2004 Policy established an interagency Coastal Zone Management Advisory Committee to ensure a Ridge to Reef approach to ICZM. A Systems Plan for Protected Areas was developed in 2009 under the OECS Protected Areas and Associated Livelihoods Project, while a Cabinet-approved National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) offers an overarching guidance for all marine biodiversity work. The Strategy and Action Plan supports the Caribbean Challenge Initiative goal to protect 20 percent of coastal waters by 2020. In addition, a ‘resilient ecosystems’ action plan is currently in development. Saint Lucia’s 2018 National Sectoral Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan for the Fisheries Sector (2018-2028) includes a commitment to strengthen and expand the network of marine protected areas. The Government of Saint Lucia has embarked on the preparation of a 20 year National Development Plan (NDP), scheduled to be launched by 2022. Other national policies and plans approved by Cabinet include:  National Environment Policy and Strategy and National Environmental Management Strategy 2004, led by the Ministry of Education, Innovation, Gender Relations and Sustainable Development; and,  National Wastewater Policy and Action Plan, led by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Planning, Natural Resources and Cooperatives. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 71 6.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations As discussed in Section 2.1 of the report, the fisheries sector and individuals earning their livelihoods within this sector are considered most likely to be affected by future restrictions limiting access to marine areas. Saint Lucia’s marine commercial fisheries sector is small-scale and artisanal in nature. The sector includes a mix of coastal, pelagic and deep-water fisheries, with over half of annual catches accounted for by pelagic species such as dolphin fish, wahoo and tuna. Saint Lucia’s fisheries sector supports an emerging sea moss farmers/mariculture industry, employing 100 persons concentrated in the Vieux Fort and Dennery communities24. Efforts are also being made to expand the aquaculture sector. Despite its small scale, the fisheries sector contributes significantly the Saint Lucia’s broader goals of poverty reduction and food security. Saint Lucia’s fisheries directly employed 2,900 people in 2016. These included registered fishers, fish vendors and fish processors. Aquaculture remains in its infancy, directly employing a further 137 people. The fishing fleet was estimated at 760 vessels in 2015, relying landing sites located in 17 coastal communities. Two of these communities, Vieux Fort and Dennery, accounted for 44 percent of total annual landings (FAO 2016c). While Fisheries represents the sector at greatest exposure to future restrictions to marine areas, individuals employed directly and indirectly in the marine tourism sector should also be considered potentially affected. Examples of employment in this sector include sport fishing and scuba diving/snorkeling tour operators, local ferry operators, and vendors operating in coastal areas such as beaches. 6.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, legal and regulatory practices and requirements Part 3 of the country profile identifies organisations to be included in the Process Framework consultation, provides an overview of existing marine management and protected areas, and lists the enabling legislation most relevant to managing adverse impacts on livelihoods associated with limiting access to marine areas. 24 2019-May-7 interview with Sarita Williams-Peter, Chief Fisheries Officer, Department of Fisheries Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 72 Representatives of many of these stakeholders formed the National Ocean Governance Committee (NOC) in 2018. See Box 2 for details. Box 2: Saint Lucia - National Ocean Governance Committee (NOGC)25 The NOGC is a standing committee of public sector departments, statutory bodies and non- governmental organisations, with a mandate to advise the Government of Saint Lucia on the management of the marine space under the jurisdiction of Saint Lucia. The NOGC builds on the adoption of a National Coastal Zone Management Policy, the establishment of a Coastal Zone Management Unit (CZMU) and the multi-sectoral Coastal Zone Management Advisory Committee (CZMAC), and the drafting of a Coastal Zone Management Strategy and Action Plan. The Department of Sustainable Development will serve as the Chair of the NOGC, and the Saint Lucia Air and Sea Ports Authority (Maritime Division) will serve as the Co-Chair. The Coastal Zone Management Unit (CZMU) will serve as the Secretariat of the NOGC. The NOGC’s membership comprises a Core Committee with representatives responsible for: Environment:  Sustainable Development & Environment Division/Coastal Zone Management Unit ( )  Fisheries Department (  Tourism  Saint Lucia Tourist Board (Ministry of Tourism, Information and Broadcasting)  Maritime Transportation and Maritime Security  Saint Lucia Air and Sea Ports Authority  Foreign/ External Affairs  Cross-cutting representation is drawn from the Ministry with responsibility for finance / economic development, and Agencies with responsibility for legal affairs, customs and immigration and the Royal St. Lucia Police Force (marine police). 6.3.1 Key Stakeholders Government Agencies 25 Government of Saint Lucia. ND. National Ocean Governance Committee (NOGC) Draft Terms of Reference. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 73  The Department of Sustainable Development (DSD) plays a coordinating role across government and serves as the focal point for ECROP and the NOP. Its varied responsibilities include protected areas management, oceans and coastal zone management.  The Protected Areas Division of DSD oversees management of the Pitons Management Area (PMA) and develops the framework for a future network of protected areas in Saint Lucia.  The Department of Fisheries (DoF) within the Ministry of Agriculture, Food Production, Fisheries, Cooperative and Rural Development promotes the sustainable management and development of fisheries, the conservation of marine ecosystems of importance to fisheries. DoF also designate local management authorities under the Fisheries Act to assist in managing fisheries resources in collaboration with the Forestry Department. The DoF also offers a governance structure to connect and engage sector stakeholders.  The Department of Cooperatives within the same Ministry is responsible for coordinating and supporting the activities of fisherfolk cooperatives.  The Department of Forestry plays a role in managing sustainable agro-forestry, and coastal forests, including mangrove wetlands. Fisheries Organisations Key stakeholders of the fishing industry included the national organisation, co-operative societies, and representatives from the Fisheries and Co-operatives Departments. The Fishers Cooperatives and a national umbrella body represent 500-600 members. The national body is a member of the Caribbean Network of Fisherfolk Organisations. The fisheries organisations are:  Saint Lucia National Fisherfolk Organisation (NFO);  Anse La Raye/Canaries Fishermen’s and Consumers Society;  Castries Fishermen’s Co-operative;  Choiseul Fishermen’s Co-operative;  Dennery Fishermen’s Co-operative;  East Coast Fishers and Consumers Cooperative Society, Micoud;  Goodwill Fishermen’s Co-operative, Vieux Fort;  Gros Islet Fishermen’s Co-operative;  Laborie Fishers and Consumers Cooperative;  Soufriere Fishermen’s Co-operative;  Savannes Bay Fishers Association;  Praslin Seamoss Farmers; and, Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 74  Seamoss Farmers Association. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 75 Marine & Environmental Protection  The Saint Lucia National Trust (SLNT) is a non-profit organisation with a mandate to manage parks and protected areas and cultural heritage sites. SLNT oversees some Marine Protected Areas managed by the DoF.  Soufrière Marine Management Association Inc. (SMMA Inc.) is the designated local management authority for the SMMA under the Fisheries Act.  Saint Lucia National Conservation Fund;  Des Barras Sea Turtle Watch Group;  Environmental Conservation and Heritage Organisation of Laborie;  The Trust for the Management of Rivers; and  Vaughan Arthur Lewis institute for Research and Innovation (VALIRI). Agriculture/Agro-forestry  Au Picon Charcoal and Agricultural Producer’s Group. 6.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas The 2009 Systems Plan for Protected Areas for Saint Lucia aimed to establish a broad network of marine and terrestrial protected areas, proposing twenty seven sites for designation. Three legal mechanisms exist for designating protected areas in Saint Lucia:  Marine Protected Areas can be designated under the Nature Conservation Authority Act;  Environmental Protection Areas can be designated under the Physical Planning Act; and,  Marine Reserves and Fisheries Priority Areas can be designated under the Fisheries Act. Two Marine Management Areas (MMAs) established to sustainably manage and protect natural and cultural marine resources are located in the Soufriere Marine Management Area (SMMA), established in 1994 and the Canaries / Anse-la-Raye Marine Management Area (CAMMA) established in 1998. The marine component of the Pitons Management Area, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is part of the SMMA. The Soufriere Marine Management Association was created in 1996 to coordinate the management of the SMMA, with a Marine Management Area Agreement signed in 2001. The SMMA relies on active engagement among numerous and diverse stakeholders, including government and non-governmental organisations, community groups, and resource users. Management of the SMMA requires reconciling multiple and competing uses such as water taxis, boat users, snorkelers and divers. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 76 The Point Sable Environmental Protection Area (PSEPA) was officially designated a protected area in 2007. The PSEPA is located along the southeast coast of Saint Lucia, in the Vieux-Fort district. Management of the site is shared by the Saint Lucia National Trust, the Department of Fisheries, the Department of Forestry, the Protected Areas Unit and Coastal Zone Management Unit of the Ministry of Sustainable Development; the Royal Saint Lucia Police Force; and the National Conservation Authority. As the current proportion of protected coastal and marine areas is well below 10 percent, plans are in place to expand existing MMAs and create new ones to achieve the targets of the Caribbean Challenge Initiative and SDG 14. For example, the village of Laborie is in the process of establishing a marine management area. Community leaders intend to undertake a study of the coastal dynamics in the Laborie Bay and prepare a Management Plan for the main beach area (Rudy John Beach). 6.3.3 Key Legislation The following identifies legislation relevant to potential adverse impacts on marine & coastal livelihoods. Climate Change  Climate Change Bill (draft). Conservation including MPAs  Environmental Management Bill of 2008 as amended (revision in draft);  Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use Bill 2008;  Wildlife Protection Act 1980;  National Conservation Authority Act 1999;  Saint Lucia National Trust Act 1975;  Maritime Protection Act 1984;  Forest, Soils and Water Conservation Act 1945 (revision in draft); and,  Physical Planning and Development Act 2001. Fisheries  Fisheries Act 1984. ICZM Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 77  Beach Protection Act 1967 (revision in draft);  Beach Management Bill 2008;  Environmental Management Bill 2014; and,  Mineral Vesting Act 1984. Pollution  Beach Protection Act 1967;  Beach Management Bill 2008;  Waste Management Act 2004;  Public Health Act and Regulations Water and Sewerage Authority Act 1999;  Solid Waste Management Authority Act 1996;  Public Health Act 1975;  Regulations Litter Act 1993; and  Fisheries Act 1984. Tourism  Tourism Industry Development Act 1981;  Tourism Incentives Act 1996; and  Yachts Licence Act (Amended) 2001. 6.4 Part 4 Assessment of Institutional and Community Capacity The following highlights key issues related to the need to build capacity for the governance of sustainable livelihoods management in Saint Lucia, and capacity issues facing potentially affected persons, with a focus on Saint Lucia’s fisheries sector. This section draws from key findings of the CROP 2019 Final Baseline Report, Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies, prepared by Howell Marine Consulting, and a series of Workshops conducted in 2014 by CANARI under the Strengthening Caribbean Fisherfolk to Participate in Governance project. As with the other four CROP countries, there is no operational National Ocean Governance Committee in Saint Lucia. A 2014 National Fisherfolk Workshop identified livelihood-related capacity challenges facing fisherfolk in Saint Lucia:  The need to develop capacity building programs in support of fisheries management; Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 78  The need to improve access to information and technology;  The need to improve approaches to marketing and managing the fisheries complexes;  The need to strengthen the National Fisherfolk Organisation;  The development of advocacy skills among fishers; and,  The development of training in fish handling, equipment and storage. 6.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps Figure 1 Country Context Map Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 79 Figure 2 Location of Coastal and Marine Protected/Management Areas (Existing & Proposed) Figure 3. Location of main fisheries landing places Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 80 Source: FAO 2016. Country Technical Annex 5 – St. Vincent & the Grenadines 7.1 Part 1 National Policy Context St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) is the only one of the five CROP countries to have formally adopted a National Ocean Policy (NOP) and Strategic Action Plan (SAP). The initial work was supported through OECS and the Commonwealth Secretariat. SVG’s 2018 NOP is well aligned with both ECROP and the 2030 SDG agenda. The 2019 NOP and SAP is led by the Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning, Sustainable Development, and Information Technology Other Cabinet-approved policies and plans include:  National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, led by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries, Rural Transformation, Industry and Labour and Ministry of Health, Wellness and the Environment; and,  National Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy, led by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries, Rural Transformation. The Government is also preparing a Climate Change Policy, currently in draft form, and a National Adaptation Policy, both of which should be approved during the life of the CROP agreement. A policy gap is in the area of ICZM, with no unit mandated with co-ordinating ICZM. As a result, the spatial delineation for CMSP remains unclear. 7.2 Part 2 Description of Potentially Affected Sectors and Populations As discussed in Section 2.1 of the report, the fisheries sector and individuals earning their livelihoods within this sector are considered most likely to be affected by future restrictions limiting access to marine areas. Fisheries are one of the main economic activities of the country in terms of employment generation, contribution to food supply and foreign exchange earnings, especially through intraregional trade. At the same time, the St. Vincent and the Grenadines fisheries are small- scale and artisanal, with most fishers serving as daily operators. Fishers are also likely to operate independently, with relatively few cooperatives in place compared to other OECS Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 81 countries. The sector draws from a wide range of species, including demersal finfish and shellfish, large offshore and small coastal pelagic, turtles, mammals, lobster and conch. Commercial aquaculture remains is in its infancy (FAO 2016d). A total of 3,300 persons were employed directly or indirectly in the national fisheries sector in 2014, accounting for 7 percent of the total labour force. These included 1,900 in the marine coastal fisheries, 900 in the deep sea fishery, and 500 indirectly employed in supportive services. A total of 12 people were employed in aquaculture (FAO 2016d). The fishing fleet included 840 boats in 2014, relying on 36 landing. 20 of these are located on the mainland and 16 across the Grenadines (FAO 2016d). Outside of the fisheries sector, marine-based tourism is a key sector for national employment and revenue generation and an important source of income for locals. The most common marine-based income-generating tourism activities are sportfishing and sailing day tours, scuba and snorkel day trips and dive shops, ferries, water taxi operations, yacht chartering, and commercial shipping. Adverse impacts on livelihoods may also be felt by persons working in onshore accommodation and restaurants associated with marine-based tourism, as well as larger scale cruise-ship industry. 7.3 Part 3 Review of Relevant Institutional, Legal and Regulatory Practices and Requirements Part 3 of the country profile identifies organisations to be included in the Process Framework consultation, provides an overview of existing marine management and protected areas and lists the enabling legislation most relevant to managing adverse impacts on livelihoods associated with limiting access to marine areas. 7.3.1 Key Stakeholders The Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has approved the establishment of a National Ocean Coordination Committee (NOCC).Preparations are ongoing to operationalise the NOCC, with plans for multi-sector representation by government, private sector, NGOs, and CBOs (See Box 3). Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 82 Box 3: St. Vincent and the Grenadines National Ocean Coordinating Committee (NOCC)26 St. Vincent and the Grenadines’ Cabinet granted approval for the establishment of the NOCC on January 31, 2019. The NOCC’s mandate is to oversee all aspects of ocean governance. The NOCC is to be composed of representatives from Ministries and agencies with competence in ocean issues, with additional participation by the private sector, local NGOs and key marine user groups. The NOCC mandate and its membership build on the previously established Maritime Boundaries Delimitation Committee. The following ministries and agencies have been identified to serve in the NOCC:  Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning, Sustainable Development, and Information Technology: Director of Planning or designate (Chairperson)  Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning, Sustainable Development, and Information Technology: Director General of Finance & Planning or designate  Department of Maritime Administration – Director of Maritime Administration or designate  Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Commerce & Trade – Foreign Affairs Permanent Secretary or designate  Attorney General’s Chambers – Attorney General or designate  Fisheries Division – Chief Fisheries Officer or designate  Environmental Health Division – Chief Environmental Health Officer or designate  Depart of Customs & Excise – Comptroller of Customs & Excise or designate  SVG Port Authority – Chief Executive Officer or designate  SVG Coast Guard – Commander or designate  NEMO – Director or designate  Physical Planning Unit – Town Planner or designate  National Parks, Rivers and Beaches Authority – Director or designate  SVG National Trust – President or designate  SVG Hotel & Tourism Association – President or designate  Community Based Organisations – Executive Director of Sustainable Grenadines Inc; President of Barrouallie Fisheries Cooperative 26 From email correspondence with Nyasha Hamilton < > Aug 15, 2019, 07:59. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 83 Government Agencies  Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning, Sustainable Development, and Information Technology; o The Sustainable Development Unit (SDU)  Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries, Rural Transformation, Industry and Labour: o The Fisheries Division; o The Co-operative Department; and  Ministry of Health, Wellness and the Environment. Fisheries Organisations  National Fisherfolk Organisation (NFO), Questelles;  Ashton Multi-Purpose Cooperative;  Calliaqua Fisherfolk Co-operative Society Limited (CALFICO);  Union Island Fisherfolk Organisation, Southern Grenadines;  Goodwill Fishermen Cooperative, Kingstown;  Fisheries Research, CRFM; and  Barrouallie Fisheries Cooperative. Marine & Environmental Protection  Owia Salt Pond Management Committee;  Tobago Cays Marine Park Board; and  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Conservation Fund. Tourism  Black Point Ecotourism Development Organisation;  Barrouallie Tourism and Heritage Organisation;  Cumberland Valley Ecotourism Organisation;  Layou Tourism and Heritage Organisation;  North Leeward Tourism Association;  Southern Grenadines Water Taxi;  Union Nature Adventure Tours; and  Water Taxi Associations. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 84 7.3.2 Marine Protected Areas / Marine Management Areas The Atlas of Marine Protection27 lists 33 Marine Protected Area in St. Vincent and the Grenadines, developed within the framework of the National Parks & Protected Areas (NPPA) System Plan (2009-2014). Protected marine areas in St. Vincent and the Grenadines take the form of Marine Parks, Marine Reserves, and Marine Conservation Areas and Protected Seascapes. Established in 1987, the Tobago Cays Marine Park was the first formally established and actively managed Marine Management Area in St. Vincent & the Grenadines. It is managed by a Board of stakeholders composed of both government and non-governmental organisations. The Marine Park is designated a “no-take area” with strict rules governing permitted activities. The Mustique Marine Conservation Area is another “no-take area”. Also established in 1987, it is managed privately by the Mustique Company through an agreement with the government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines. 7.3.3 Key Legislation The following identifies legislation relevant to potential adverse impacts on marine & coastal livelihoods. Climate Change  Environmental Management Bill (draft); and  National Emergency and Disaster Management Act 2006. Conservation including MPAs  Environmental Management Bill (draft);  Beach Protection Act 1981;  Saint Vincent National Trust Ordinance 1969;  Birds and Fish Protection Ordinance (as amended);  National Parks Act 2010 (as amended);  Wildlife Protection Act 1987;  Fisheries Act 1986;  Forest Resources Conservation Act 1992; 27 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 85  Marine Parks Act 1997;  Mustique Conservation Act 1989;  Tobago Cays Marine Parks Act 1999; and  National Trust Act 2007 (as amended). Fisheries  Fisheries Act 1986;  Fisheries (Amendment) Regulations 1989;  High Seas Fishing Act 2001; and  Birds and Fish Protection Ordinance (as amended). ICZM  Marine Parks Act 1997;  Town and Country Planning Act 1976 (as amended);  Maritime Areas Act 1989; and  Mustique Conservation Act 1989. Pollution  Waste Management Act 2000;  Environmental Health Services Act 1991;  Litter Act 1991;  Central Water and Sewerage Act 1991 (as amended);  Port Authority Act 1987; and  Dumping at Sea Act 2002. Tourism  SVG Tourism Authority Act 2007. 7.4 Part 4 Assessment of institutional and community capacity The following highlights key issues related to the need to build capacity for the governance of sustainable livelihoods management in St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and capacity issues facing potentially affected persons, with a focus on the national fishing sector. This section draws from key findings of the CROP 2019 Final Baseline Report, Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies, prepared by Howell Marine Consulting, and a series of Workshops Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 86 conducted in 2014 by CANARI under the Strengthening Caribbean Fisherfolk to Participate in Governance project. Although the National Ocean Coordination Committee (NOCC) is established, it is currently not operational. As no one organisation is currently mandated with overall responsibility for ocean governance, the leadership within the NOCC remains unclear. Consequently, ocean governance is not yet integrated into key sector strategies. Similarly, coordination between agencies and across the various islands suffers from logistical weaknesses. A noted challenge is the duplication of effort evident across public, private, research and NGO/CBO sectors. Opportunities exist to generate inter-sectoral synergies through better collaboration. A 2014 National Fisherfolk Workshop identified livelihood-related capacity challenges facing fisherfolk in Saint Vincent & the Grenadines:  The need to build capacity in business planning and communication to develop fishing as a business;  The need to develop capacity in fisheries management planning;  The need to build networking capacity, increasing capacity to foster relationships and networks between fisherfolk organisations, NGOs and regional organisations;  The need to promote joint ventures in the fisheries sector to conduct businesses and acquire technologies; and,  Building leadership and management capacity among fishers. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 87 7.5 Part 5 Figures & Maps Figure 1 Country Context Map Figure 2 Location of Coastal and Marine Protected/Management Areas (Existing & Proposed) Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 88 Figure 3. St. Vincent & the Grenadines fisheries landing sites Source: FAO. 2006. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 89 Annex 6 Stakeholder Consultations 8.1 St. Vincent and the Grenadines – April 17 - July 3, 2019 COASTAL AND MARINE SPATIAL PLANS AND TRAINING Individual “Soft” Consultation Meetings The Island of Bequia, and Kingstown, St. Vincent and the Grenadines Participants 1. Mr. Simmons, Bequia Seafood Co. 2. Mr. Herman Belmar, Deputy Director, Grenadines’ Affairs 3. Mr. Lenski Douglas, Project Coordinator, SVG Port Development 4. Mrs. Shirla Francis, Central Planning Division 5. Ms. Dornet Hull, Physical Planning Unit 6. Mrs. Jennifer Cruickshank-Howard, Chief Fisheries Officer 7. Mr. Kris Isaacs, Senior Fisheries Officer 8. Mr. Andrew Wilson, Director, National Parks, Rivers and Beaches Authority 9. Mrs. Janeel Miller-Findlay, Director, Sustainable Development, Unit 10. Ms. Yasa Belmar, Sustainable Development Unit 11. Mr. Shakil Ahmed Ferdausi, The World Bank 8.2 Grenada – Thursday May 9, 2019 COASTAL AND MARINE SPATIAL PLANS AND TRAINING Introductory Stakeholder Meeting Public Workers Union Building Conference Room St. George’s, Grenada Agenda Introduction to the Coastal and Marine Plans and Training Project Enhancing the Grenada Blue Coastal Master Plan (Discussion of work plan, engagement with stakeholders, initial issues and opportunities, data available and gaps) Lunch Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 90 Involuntary Resettlement Policy Framework (Discussion of policy to mitigate adverse impacts, mechanisms for engaging stakeholders and affected parties, preliminary discussion of potentially affected communities) Conclusions and Next Steps Participants Aria St. Louis, Head of Environment Division, Biodiversity focal point Karen Stiell - MAYAG – Marine &Yachting Association of Grenada. A trade association. Marinas, marine engineers. Huge growth in yachting activity. Mikoyan Roberts GTA- Grenada Tourism authority. Product development and marketing for cruise ship, yachting, sport fishing and dive sectors. Health of the oceans are critical to these sectors. Joseph Noel - R2R – GEF Ridge-to-Reef project. Developing management plans related to coastal environment. E.g. Conference Bay; Guave Cecil Marquez - Fisherfolks of Grenada, Guave Cooperative. 80 members. Was involved in establishment of a Marine Protected Area in Guave. Aldwyn Ferguson – Fisherfolks of Grenada and Guave Cooperative Steven George – Rubis Gas Company, storage and distribution. They own waterfront facilities and sell to marinas. Kingsley Alexander, NAWASA – water & sewerage authority – Coastal activities affect water supply operations Hubert Whyte – Meteorological Services of Grenada. Involved in prediction of tides/tsunami Claudette Pitt – SPECTO - St. Patrick’s Environmental & Community Tourism Organisation Fabian Purcell, PPU Physical Planning Unit Joseph Antoine – FoE Friends of the Earth Grenada. Titus Antoine – Ministry of Finance, Division of Economic & Technical Cooperation, PSIP Lester Andall, GCIC Chamber of Industry & Commerce – here to listen Sandra Ferguson, IAGDO , Inter Agency Group of Development Organisations Deryck Ramhkalawan, Public Health Ann Joyner, Dillon Consulting Lead Grenada Michel Frojmovic, CROP-CMSP Social Safeguards Specialist 8.3 Saint Lucia - Wednesday, June 19, 2019 COASTAL AND MARINE SPATIAL PLANS AND TRAINING Introductory Stakeholder Meeting Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 91 Fisheries Conference Room Castries, Saint Lucia Agenda  Welcome Remarks – Department of Sustainable Development  Introduction to the Participants  Introduction to the OECS CROP Project – Susanna DeBeauville-Scott  Presentation: Preparing for the CMP and MSP (types of information/data required)  Group Work: (Proposed Plans / Data Gaps) o Tourism o Physical Development o Fisheries Sector o SLASPA  Plenary / Group Presentations by Sectors o Discussion on Possible Conflicts o Delineating a Coastal Zone  The Way Forward (other interest groups to be included / most effective mechanisms for inclusion) Participants Irvin Alfred, RSLPF Janelle Sargusingh, Tropical Fishing Craig Henry, Saint Lucia National Trust (SLNT) Donald Joseph, Ministry of Agriculture Christopher Alexander, SLASPA Nehemiah Charles, NCA Lavina Alexander, Department of Sustainable Development (DSD) Shanna Emmanuel, DSD/Dept of Fisheries Sustainable Development Yasmin Jude, Dept of Sustainable Development/SDEO Francillia Solomon, Govt of St. Lucia Newton Eristhee, Clear Caribbean Donovan Brown, St. Lucia Divers Association Eget Martyr, Eastern Caribbean Diving Michael Bobb, SMMA/CAMMA Miguel Montante, WRMA Allena Joseph, Dept. of Fisheries James Perineau, NCA Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 92 Deborah Bushell, Dillon Susanna Scott, OECS David Robbins, OECS 8.4 Saint Lucia - May 6 to 8, 2019 In-person Consultation Monday, May 6, 2019 10am OECS Susanna DeBeauville-Scott, Project Coordinator, CROP David Robin, Programme Coordinator, Ocean Governance & Fisheries 2pm Sustainable Development Eulampius Frederick, on secondment from Ministry of Equity 3pm Ministry of Equity, Social Justice, Empowerment, Youth Development, Sports, Culture & Local Government Tommy Descartes, Deputy Director, Social Policy & Research Unit Tuesday, May 7, 2019 10am Saint Lucia Air and Sea Ports Authority Christopher Alexander, Director, Maritime Affairs 1:30pm Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Physical Planning, Natural Resources and Co- Operatives Sarita Williams-Peter, Chief Fisheries Officer, Department of Fisheries 8.5 St. Kitts & Nevis - April 3 to May 8, 2019 Consultation via WhatsApp & Skype Wednesday, April 3, 2019 Mr. McClean Hobson Director of Maritime Affairs. Thursday May 2, 2019 10:30am Mr. Marc Williams Director, Marine Resources, St. Kitts & Nevis Friday, May 3, 2019 9:30am Mr. Joel Williams Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 93 Director, Dept. of Physical Planning & Environment, Nevis 10:00am Mr. Rhon Boddie Director, Urban Development Unit, St. Kitts 12:30pm Ms. Joyce Moven Deputy Director, Ministry of Social Development, Dept. of Social Services, Nevis 2:00pm Mr. Lemuel Pemberton Director of Fisheries, Nevis 2:30 pm Ms. June Hughes Senior Environmental Officer, Dept. of Environment, St Kitts Wednesday May 8, 2019 11am Ms. Laverne Queeley Director, Economic Affairs & PSIP, Ministry of Sustainable Development, St. Kitts 8.6 World Bank – April and May, 2019 Consultation by email and Zoom Tuesday, April 23, 2019 10:10 AM Email correspondence Norman Taylor,World Bank Social Safeguards Specialist forwarded by Susanna DeBeauville- Scott. Wednesday May 8, 2019 9am Zoom Meeting Jorge Guillermo Barbosa, Blue Economy Advisor & Safeguards Specialist Andrew Drumm, Environmental Safeguards Specialist Susanna DeBeauville-Scott, OECS Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 94 8.7 Dominica – Kalinago Consultation Correspondence The correspondence reproduced on the following pages include the consultation (outreach) to representatives of the Kalinago (Chief and Council) and the Ministry of Kalinago Affairs. As of early September 2019, Mr. Donalson Frederick of the Dominica Ministry of Kalinago Affairs has replied to the correspondence to indicate the Ministry’s willingness to collaborate on the CMSPs project. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 95 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 96 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 97 Process Framework Presentation Slides for National Consultations Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 98 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 99 Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 100 Annex 7 References Caribbean Natural Resources Institute (CANARI). 2014. National Fisherfolk Workshop Reports for Grenada (29 - 30 May, 2014), Dominica (20-21 Jan, 2014), Saint Lucia (2 - 3 April, 2014) and St. Vincent & the Grenadines (5- 6 May, 2014). Held as part of the project: Strengthening Caribbean Fisherfolk to Participate in Governance. Commission Sous Régionale des Pêches. 2009. West African Regional Fisheries Program. (P106063). Cape Verde, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Senegal. Dakar, Senegal. June 22. Economic Planning and Sustainable Development Division. 2018. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. National Ocean Policy and Strategic Action Plan 18th July (date of approval by Cabinet) Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning, Sustainable Development and Information Technology. Government of Saint Lucia. 2018. Saint Lucia’s Sectoral Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan for the Fisheries Sector (Fisheries SASAP) 2018- 2028, under the National Adaptation Planning Process. Department of Sustainable Development, Ministry of Education, Innovation, Gender Relations and Sustainable Development and Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, Natural Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 101 Resources and Cooperatives, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Physical Planning, Natural Resources and Cooperatives. Howell Marine Consulting and Sustainable Seas Limited. 2019. Final Baseline Report. OECS Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project, Developing National Ocean Policies and Strategies. Jeco Caribbean Inc. 2018. Final Regional Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA) . OECS Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (CROP). November. Jeco Caribbean Inc. 2018a. Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework. Kalinago Territory Dominica. Regional Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA). OECS Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (CROP). December. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). 2007. St George’s Declaration of Principles for Environmental Sustainability in the OECS. Revised 2006. OECS. 2010. Protected Area Systems Plan for St. Kitts and Nevis. Final Systems Plan Report. April 7. OECS. 2018. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). OECS 2019. Environmental and Social Policy and Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) Draft. 10 May. Panorama Environmental Ltd. 2018. Government of Saint Lucia. Resettlement Policy Framework Geothermal Resources Development Project. February. Pomeroy, Robert S. et al. 2014. Marine Spatial Planning in Asia and the Caribbean: Application and Implications for Fisheries and Marine Resource Management. Desenvolvimento E Meio Ambiente. Vol. 32, December. The Nature Conservancy (TNC). 2010. Marine Zoning in Saint Kitts and Nevis A Path Towards Sustainable Management of Marine Resources. TNC. 2014. Belize Marine Conservation and Climate Change Adaptation Project. Process Framework Report. October. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297 102 TNC. 2017. The Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (CROP): Assessment of Marine Spatial Planning Feasibility Report. Commissioned by the World Bank and OECS. TNC. 2017a. Climate-Resilient Eastern Caribbean Marine Managed Areas Network (ECMMAN) Project Accomplishments 2013-2017. World Bank. 2004. Involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook. Planning and Implementation in Development Projects. World Bank. 2012. Implementation Completion And Results Report. OECS Protected Areas And Associated Livelihoods Project (OPAAL). World Bank. 2016. Grenada: Blue Growth Coastal Master Plan. Report No: AUS20778 . October 13. GEN04 Latin America and Caribbean. World Bank. 2017. Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (Regional) (P159653). Project Appraisal Document On A Proposed Grant From The Global Environment Facility In The Amount Of US$6.3 Million To The Organisation Of Eastern Caribbean States For A Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project (Regional) August 30. World Bank. 2017a. Combined Project Information Documents / Integrated Safeguards Datasheet (PID/ISDS). Appraisal Stage | Date Prepared/Updated 15 June. Report No: PIDISDSA20404. Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States Process Framework Report October 2019 – 19-9297