SFG3101 V5 DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM GOVERNMENT OF UTTAR PRADESH NCB Contract Package NO. 03/Agr/Pro-Poor/UPT/W/2016 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJ MAHAL WEST GATE, AGRA Project : Uttar Pradesh Pro-Poor Tourism Development Project DIRECTOR GENERAL TOURISM, Department of Tourism, GoUP Owner : th 4 Floor, Paryatan Bhawan, C-13, Vipin Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, UP 226010 0 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra ABBREVIATIONS ASI Archaeological Survey of India ADA Agra Development Authority BOQ Bill of Quantity CFU Colony Forming Unit CEC Cation Exchange Capacity CPPCB Central Pollution Control Board CURE Centre for Urban and Regional Excellence DPR Detailed Project Report EA Environmental Assessment ECS Equivalent Car Space ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework FGD Focus Group Discussions GoI Government of India GoUP Government of Uttar Pradesh IPT Intermediate Public Transport KLD Kilo Liter Per Day MoEF&CC Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change NEERI National Environmental Engineering Research Institute PAP Project Affected Person PAF Project Affected Family RAP Resettlement Action Plan SIA Social Impact Assessment SPCU State Project Coordination Unit TSU Technical Support Units UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UP Uttar Pradesh UPPCL Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited UPPTDP UP Pro-Poor Tourism Development Project UPTDC U.P. Tourism Development Corporation VMS Variable Messaging System 1 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Executive Summary Executive Summary Please include table of contents and executive summary before disclosure 2 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 3 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 1.1 PRO-POOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (Project) Country context India has some of the greatest wealth in tangible and intangible heritage. As a powerful economic driver, its heritage has had undeniable positive implications. From subsistence practices and handlooms to precision engineering and a reputable steel industry, India’s economy has long relied essentially on its cultural assets, expressed through the creativity and adaptation of its indigenous industries, traditional skills and built heritage. As a socially invaluable endowment, heritage also has vast noneconomic development impacts. Women’s empowerment—as sources and transmitters of much local knowledge and cultural practices – and youth employment are at the core of associated creative industries. They are instrumental in leading to appreciation of differences and a renewed sense of identity and stronger social compacts, thereby increasing communities’ inclusion and generating economic vitality for heritage towns and historic areas. As endogenous assets, India’s heritage has provided essential services to areas, towns and communities – including reliable rainwater harvesting systems (kunds), shelter and places of worship, to mention a few. Most ancient Indian towns were planned and built applying what are considered today as advanced notions of “sustainable urban growth” by designing walk able and compact use of land through mixed-use development, and promoting the preservation of natural and cultural resources and open spaces at the core of their strategies for cities’ livability and socioeconomic vibrancy. Despite its wealth and strong related socioeconomic impacts, the reality is that India has been unable to harness the power of its heritage in a way that drives inclusive growth and reduces poverty. In practice, the economic benefits that have been generated from its heritage, especially linked to tourism – one of the main economic sectors associated to heritage – has had little trickle-down effect on host communities and the assets themselves. Much of the value from tourism expenditure is retained by transport and accommodation service providers, who tend to both be located outside the heritage-rich tourism attractions they explore, and insulate their clients from the surrounding communities. At the broader level, the World Economic Forum’s Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report for 2011 ranked India 68th out of 139 countries on overall tourism competitiveness despite being ranked 19th in terms of touristic resources. India’s tourism, in spite of its assets, only ranked 36th globally in terms of international arrivals, 39th in international tourism receipts, and 54th in terms of expenditure per visitor. The state of Uttar Pradesh best exemplifies this paradox. State context 4 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Uttar Pradesh – India’s biggest tourist draw, containing some of the country’s most iconic heritage and annually attracting millions of devotees and visitors – remains one of India’s most lagging states. UP is the fourth largest and most populous state with over 199 million inhabitants, and is home to the emblematic Taj Mahal, to the second ancient living city in the world – Varanasi – located on the banks of the sacred Ganges, and to two of the world’s four most sacred Buddhist sites – Sarnath and Kushinagar, to mention a few of its heritage assets visited and worshipped by millions annually. In 2011, the state attracted 155 million domestic and 1.8 million international visitors out of 748 million domestic and 6.2 million international tourists visiting India, who contributed a total of USD 6 billion to Uttar Pradesh’s economy in the same year. Despite this unique endowment, Uttar Pradesh remains India’s third most lagging state, with a 37.7 poverty rate. Currently, over 50 million people live below the poverty line. The state has one of the lowest per-capita incomes at US$445 per annum compared to the national average of US$922 per annum. It also lags behind most Indian states across a number of human development indicators, such as literacy and infant mortality. Specifically in terms of tourism, despite its staggering numbers, the majority of earnings have been captured by airlines, travel agencies and tour operators. Closer site-level data indicates that Agra, the Braj region and the Buddhist Circuit, which contain some of India’s and Uttar Pradesh’s prime tourist destinations and greatest wealth of heritage assets, have some of the state’s highest poverty rates. For instance, its most iconic heritage asset and India’s most significant tourism draw, the Taj Mahal in Agra, is surrounded by more than 20 slums with crumbling infrastructure and services, and associated low living standards – a lost opportunity for inclusive poverty reduction. The challenge A combination of ineffective approaches and practices are inhibiting Uttar Pradesh’s tourist destinations from leveraging their unique cultural and natural assets as endogenous sources of inclusive growth and poverty reduction through pro-poor tourism development. This is due to:  A tourism vision mostly centered on serving the needs of international tourists.  Ad-hoc planning, investments and institutional fragmentation.  Poor site management, threatening heritage and reducing visitor satisfaction and retention.  Policy approaches hindering communities from reaping the benefits of tourism 5 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra development.  Infrastructure gaps as well as subpar connectivity, affecting visitors and poorer segments of the population to a greater extent.  An ineffectively developed and restrictive regulatory, business and investment climate, stunting private sector investment. Project Objective The Project Development Objective is to increase tourism-related benefits for local communities in targeted destinations. Project Components The project has four proposed components: Component 1: Destination Planning and Governance aims to test new approaches and establish the institutional structures, policies and coordination mechanisms necessary for bringing together the public and private sectors and local communities for effective destination- level tourism planning and governance. It will achieve this by providing a combination of advisory and technical assistance and financing for (i) the formulation of integrated destination-level tourism development plans for the Project target areas; (ii) the refinement and implementation of branding and promotion strategies for the target areas; (iii) the strengthening of public, private and community institutions involved in the tourism sector for coordinated destination management; (iv) the improvement of the state visitor management and information systems; (v) the review of the state tourism policy based on inclusion and sustainability principles; (vi) support to public-private dialogue; and (vii) training of individuals and groups employed in the tourism sector. Component 2: Tourist Products Development and Management aims to enhance the tourist experience while simultaneously contributing to improving local living conditions and livelihood opportunities by transforming existing tourist “attractions” into tourist “products” that incorporate local communities both physically and economically. Activities under this component include advisory and technical assistance and financing for (i) the enhancement of existing attractions and their surroundings (e.g. crowd management, illumination, landscaping); (ii) the provision of interpretation and information at monuments and sites of interest, including interpretation centers, signage and information kiosks; (iii) the development/rehabilitation and diversification of destination-level products, services and 6 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra activities, such as museums and heritage walks; (iv) the provision of facilities and services for tourists and local communities alike, such as drinking water, rest areas, toilets; and (v) the improvement of access and transportation to main sites and tourist products and their adjacent communities. Component 3: Support to Local Economic Development aims to improve the linkages of those involved in the productive and creative economies with the tourism value chain in the Project target areas by providing advisory, technical assistance and financing for (i) mapping of local productive and creative industries and support to business development and tourism service providers; (ii) the provision of training, information, tools and infrastructure for business development, production and marketing within the tourism value chain; (iii) enhancement and/or diversification of skills; and (iv) branding and promotion of locally produced goods linked to tourism products. Component 4: Project Management aims to provide the necessary technical, advisory and financial support for the adequate implementation, management and coordination of the Project through (i) the establishment and operation of a State Project Coordination Unit (SPCU) at the state Department of Tourism in Lucknow and Technical Support Units (TSU) at the local Development Authorities in selected Project target areas; (ii) project monitoring and information system; and (iii) project communication. 1.2 Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Tajmahal West Gate (Sub-Project) The project title is “Uttar Pradesh Pro-Poor Tourism Development Project (UPPTDP) for Consultancy Services for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation Sub Project at Tajmahal West Gate”. This assignment is a part of Agra region sub project of Uttar Pradesh Pro-Poor Tourism Development Project. M/s. U.P. Tourism Development Corporation (UPTDC), Lucknow has proposed to develop Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at West Gate of the Taj Mahal, under the proposed UPPTDP to be financed by The World Bank. The preparation of DPR of above sub-project was awarded to M/s ANB Consultant, Lucknow. In line with the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for UPPTDP, the scope of DPR preparation also includes Environmental Assessment (EA) of the proposed sub-project. This report presents the analysis carried out and the result of the EA study for the sub-project. 7 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Need of the study As envisaged in the project design and the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), main streaming environmental and social aspects is one of the important objectives of UPPTDP. In order to achieve the above objective and considering the sensitive nature of the proposed sub-project, especially project its nearness to World Heritage site i.e. Taj Mahal and the nature of the sub-project activities it is essential to assess environmental impacts and design necessary mitigation/ management measures. Objective To identify, assess and quantify positive and negative impacts of the proposed sub-project on various environmental components and recommend measures to mitigate and manage identified impacts. Report Layout The EA for the sub-project is organized in ten chapters as summarized below-  0.0 Executive Summary- This chapter describes summary of the project EA report.  Chapter-1: Introduction: This chapter describes summary of the project EA report .  Chapter-2: Project Description: This chapter contains detailed description of the proposed sub-project of UPPTDP, such as the type of the project, need of the project, project location, land availability, utilities and infrastructure facilities.  Chapter-3:Approach & Methodology: This chapter describe summary of the study method and its producer of writing.  Chapter-4: Legal & Administrative Frame work: This chapter describes the legal frame work of Government of India & Government of Uttar Pradesh.  Chapter-5: Base line Environment Profile- Description of the Environment, Primary & Secondary Data along with Analysis  Chapter-6: Assessment of Environment Impacts & Mitigation Measures: Anticipated positive and negative impacts as a result of the construction and operation of the proposed project are covered as a part of this section. The section attempts to forecast the future environmental conditions of the project area that might be expected to occur as a result of the construction and operation of the proposed project.  Chapter-7: Analysis of Alternatives: This chapter includes the options, details of alternatives considered for the sub-project and analysis presenting chosen alternative.  Stake holder consultations 8 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  Chapter-8: Environment Management Plan  Chapter-9: Environment Monitoring Program: This chapter comprehensively presents the technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures.  Chapter-10: Cost of Environment Management Plan & Environment Monitoring  9 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER-2 PROPOSED PROJECT DESCRIPTION 10 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 2.0 DESCRIPTION OF SUB PROJECT AND PROJECT AREA 2.1 Project Background The city of Agra is synonymous with the Taj Mahal in the minds of the national and international community. Being a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site, the Taj is the biggest attraction for visitors to the country and the monument, eventually drawing up to 70,000 visitors on a peak day. Numerous measures have been taken by national and international statutory bodies to streamline the visitor experience and enable city-level up gradation in the context of flourishing heritage tourism, but these objectives are still far from being realized. This World famous monument attracts from 2 to 4 million visitors annually, with more than 200,000 from overseas. Most tourists visit in the cooler months of October, November and February. Polluting traffic is not allowed near the complex and tourists must either walk from parking lots or catch an electric bus to reach the entry gates. There are three gates to this monument, the East gate, West gate and South gate, for the tourist movement. East gate is accessed by visitors, mostly international tourists, staff, gardeners, cleaners, nursery staff, etc. West gate and Southern gate is mainly used for entry to the domestic tourists. West gate is connected by the West gate road which stretches from Jhalkari bai crossing around 1.5 km from Taj mahal compound on the west and culminates on West gate of Taj Mahal compound. Taj Ganj, located in the southeast part of Agra right adjacent to Taj Mahal south gate, is exposed to an extensive tourists circulation due to the proximity to the heritage monument. It roughly extends from the southern boundary of the present complex, to Fatehabad road. Part of the original Taj complex (bazaars and caravan serais) used to exist in this area in earlier times. Currently, it comprises both residential and commercial areas. The prime area of intervention shall be the entire stretch of the west gate road and the relative area for assessment shall be the surrounding area of the Taj Mahal. As far as the parking is concerned, the subject area for the project is the Taj Mahal West Gate Parking which is situated on the west gate road connecting the Agra Fort to the Taj Mahal from west side of the Taj. The site situated between the conserved natural terrain on the west of the monument is being used to accommodate the vehicles of the visitors approaching the monument from the older city side(west of the Taj Mahal). The site acting as the first halt point for the visitors, gradually became a focal point of various activities related to the tourist activity, and at the same time a subject of unmanaged activities and unplanned movement pattern all circling around the visitor to the site. In the process, the primary requirements of the visitor 11 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra approaching the site had been never holistically planned. The site has grown itself as per the requirements and activities of the tourist and simultaneously raised issues which needs to be addressed as a part of the project. The prime focus shall remain to develop this parking area as a facilitated visitor hub. The Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation At Taj Mahal (The Project), West Gate is a sub project of The Uttar Pradesh Pro-Poor Tourism Development Project. The existing west gate parking premises is an important area under the study, as the site has potential for revitalization and up-gradation of facilities. Therefore, the major interventions in the proposal shall focus on this existing parking area and the immediate surroundings. The area is referred to as the TajMahal West gate parking, also known as the Amrood-ka-teela parking as there used to be a mound in the area which was leveled to give space to the parking facility. The parking area is defined by a physical boundary noticeable on the site, however the issues related to disorganized movement and under-developed facilities are scattered all around the parking site. There have to be various related aspects attributes prevalent in the surrounding area, which shall give a rational approach to the project. The project being a pro-poor tourism development initiative, makes it even more strategic, culture and community oriented. 2.2 PROJECT INFLUENCE AREA Visitor/Interpretation Center and Parking Rehabilitation Sub Project at Tajmahal West Gate of Uttar Pradesh Pro-Poor Tourism Development Project is proposed at Ammrod ka Tila parking near west gate of Taj Mahal. This place is presently used as a parking space for visitors near west gate of Taj Mahal. Parking space have concrete flooring with scattered trees. Two community toilets are present with septic tanks for sewage disposal. These community toilets have own bore well for water supply. One side of the proposed site have a drain of approximately 01 meter width. Solid waste generated from parking is stored in bin of municipal corporation Agra. Site is surrounded by green belt more than 50 meter length except few areas along the Yamuna river side. A small market is present in front of proposed site. The proposed sub project site is approximately six hundred meters away from Taj Mahal west gate. The approach road to the site is from Agra Fort. The location map is given in the base line chapter of the report. 2.3 Land ownership 12 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra The land belongs to Department of Horticulture Government of Uttar Pradesh and managed by Agra Development Authority. 2.4 Project Cost The cost of the Project is estimated to be about Rs 1074.80 million. 2.5 Nature and Location of the Project The proposed project is urban infrastructure project aimed at decongesting the traffic scenario around Taj Mahal. The Taj Mahal west gate is accessible from the Jhalkaribai Chowk, via 14 meters wide carriageway, as indicated in below figure. The west gate parking location is more than 0.5 km away from Taj Mahal. Map Showing Location of the Site 2.6 Surrounding Features of the proposed project site: S. No Particulars Details Approximately distances from the proposed project site 1. Nearest National Highway Yamuna expressway 06 Km. 13 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 2. Nearest Railway Station Agra Fort 02 Km. 3. Nearest Airport Kheria Airport (air-force 14 Km. station), Agra 4. River Body Yamuna river Adjacent of the proposed project site 5. Site Topography Flat - 6. Archaeologically Important Taj Mahal 0.6 Km. Site Agra Fort 1.5 Km. Etmadut Daula 02 Km. 2.7 Project Details The project can be classified on land basis in two sections: 1. Existing parking having area 14737.64 m2. 2. Ber Ka Tila having area 4923.19 m2 3. The total buildup area of the proposed project is 18702.57 m2. S. No. Description of Area Proposed Area Unit 1. Total Plot area Parking 14737.64 Sq. m Ber Ka Tila 4923.19 2. Total built up area 18702.57 Sq. m 3. Floor wise built up area is given below: Ground Floor 2306.70 Sq. m Basement 1 8126.12 Sq. m Basement 2 8269.75 Sq. m 4. Proposed green area 2420.00 Sq. m The Proposed Project has six components: 1. Vehicle Parking 2. Visitor facilities Centre 3. Up gradation of existing market with civic amenities 4. Vehicular management 5. Improvement of the street corridor connecting Jhalkari Bai crossing and the West gate parking 6. Shahjahan park entrance area opposite the West gate parking 14 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra As mentioned above component 1 and 2 i.e. Vehicle Parking and Visitor Facilities Centre are proposed on the existing parking covering land 14737.64 m2. Component 3 i.e. Up gradation of existing market are proposed on Ber Ka Tila land, covering land 4923.19 m2. Component 4 i.e. vehicular management is about the management and control of the movement around the site and does not require any land. Component 5 is about the revitalization of the road connecting Jhalkari bai crossing and the west gate parking(part of west gate road). Component 6 comprises of an entrance gate on the boundary of the Shahjahan garden opposite the west gate parking and the area shall be 140 m2 . COMPONENT-1 (Vehicle Parking): Due to limitations in building’s height, as per Zonal master plan of Agra Development Authority and water table of the proposed project site,the proposed project is limited in two basements and one ground floor. Proposed project is designed for parking facility of five hundred sixty seven (ECS) equivalent car space. The parking provision in respect of ECS is given below: S. No Description Proposal Unit 1. Parking proposed 567 ECS 2. Proposed Podium Parking 142 ECS (Standard Buses) 3. Proposed Podium Parking (Midi 142 ECS Buses) 4. Proposed basement parking-1 219 ECS 5. Proposed basement parking-2 231 ECS Parking Provision: • Cars = 402 • Buses = 19 Standard buses,7 Midi Bus • TW = 286 TWs • Others (E-rickshaw/golf carts/animal carts) = 40 spots (holding area has been provided) Proposed Parking Concept: Double Basement Parking Complex with open parking at ground level Ground Level – Open Bus Parking and Facility Centre Basement 1 – Car Parking & Two wheeler Parking Basement 2 – Car Parking & Two wheeler Parking COMPONENT -2 (Visitor Facilities Centre): 15 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Following visitor facilities are proposed at the ground floor of the proposed project: 1. Information counter 2. Waiting Lobby 3. Ticket counter 4. Prepaid counter for non-polluting vehicles plying in 500 MT Zone 5. Locker room 6. Toilets ( Male, Female & Physically challenged) 7. Maternity Room 8. Drinking Water spout 9. Administration room 10. Security Room 11. Passenger Lift- 4 nos. 12. Car Lift – 1No 13. ATM COMPONENT -3 (Up gradation of existing market with civic amenities): Up-gradation of existing market at Ber Ka Tila with civic amenities are proposed to improve the socio economic condition of the 71 shopkeepers. COMPONENT - 4 (Vehicular management): To Facilitate the visitors, a Variable Messaging System (VMS) for the space availability in parking of the proposed project is proposed at all the entry point of the major roads. The proposed points for VMS are as under:  Yamuna Expressway  NH-2 (Kanpur Highway)  Jhalkari Bai Crossing  Inner Ring Road (Fatehabad Road Junction) COMPONENT -5 (Street Improvement): This comprises of the up-gradation and revitalization of the street connecting the Jhalkari bai crossing and the west gate parking. It includes the widening of pathway, horticultural intervention on the boundary, street lighting, providing drop-off point and waiting lay-by on the road near the west gate parking area. COMPONENT -6 (Entrance Gate-Shahjahan Park): 16 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra This comprises of the proposal of an entrance gate on the boundary of the Shahjahan park opposite the west gate parking, in order to provide connection between the Shahjahan park and the west gate parking site. The Site Plan along with layout of Ground Floor, Basement-1, Basement -2, Layout plan of West Gate Market is given below respectively: Map Showing the Site Plan of the Proposed Project 17 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Map Showing the layout plan (Ground Floor) of the Proposed Project 18 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Map Showing the layout plan (Basement-1) of the Proposed Project 19 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Map Showing the layout plan (Basement-2) of the Proposed Project 20 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Map showing the Layout plan of West Gate Market 21 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 2.8 Major Construction Phase: The major Construction phases can be listed as under: Phase I: Demolition of existing structure, floor & Excavation for sub-structure: This will include earth excavation and soil works. Phase II: Construction of sub-structure: This will include Pre-stressed Cement Concrete (PCC) and waterproofing works, foundation reinforcement, footing formwork and foundation concreting. It will also include reinforcement, formwork and concreting work for retaining wall/column up to the basement levels. Phase III: Construction of superstructure: This will include providing formwork, reinforcement, concreting Stone masonry and plastering. Phase IV: Provision of utilities will include: External painting completion, Plumbing completion (both external and internal), external plumbing comprising of sewerage lines/manholes, surface drainage lines/manholes and storm water drainage and internal plumbing comprising of rains water pipes, internal soil lines, internal GI lines, installation of fixtures and fittings. Electrical completion comprising of installation of breakers/RMUs, substation works, HT cabling, bus ducting, LT panel installation, installation of fixtures/fittings/invertors, installation of floors panels/boards, earthing systems and their testing and commissioning. 2.9 The required quantity of Basic Raw Material is as under: S. No. Item Quantity (Tones) 1. AAC Blocks/ Stone 630000 nos 2. Sand 1485.00 cum 3. Cement 88398 bags 4. Metal 9828.00 qtl 5. Diesel 50000 ltr 2.10 Power Demand and Supply The power supply shall be sourced from Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd (UPPCL). The estimated electrical demand load & proposed power back to be used during power failure shall be as per details given in below table: S. No. Power Demand Detail 1. Maximum demand load 550 KVA 2. Power back up 750 KVA 3. Number of Generator sets 2 * 380 KVA 4. Generator Sets stack Height As Per CPCB Norms 22 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 2.11 Requirement of Man Power During Construction Phase Of The Project Total Man Power Requirement estimated for the project is: Total requirement of Labors is 115000 nos. 115000.00 / 18 Month = 6389.00 Labors in a month 6389.00 / 30 day = 212.00 Labors Per Day This states that at any given day labors and technicians combined present on the site would be – 213 or say 215 people 2.12 Requirement of Man Power During Operational Phase Of The Project During the operational phase, the combined figure including the operating staff and the tourists, on an average day will be approximately 14,570 nos, out of which approx. 530 nos. of operating staff shall be stationed throughout and remaining will be tourists. 2.14 Detail of Water Requirement During Construction Phase And Operation Phase: a. Water Requirement During Construction Phase S.N. Construction Phase Purpose/Uses Quantity Source 1. During Main Structure Curing of Civil 20 KLD Treated water taken from Construction Phase Structure Dhandhupura STP of Jal (12 Month Period) Nigam, Agra by Road Tankers up to the proposed project site. Domestic (215 10 KLD Ground Water labours) Miscellaneous 06 KLD Ground Water Total 36 KLD - 2. During Sub-Structure Domestic (215 10 KLD Ground Water Construction & labours) Finishing Phase (06 Miscellaneous 06 KLD Treated water taken from Month Period) Dhandhupura STP of Jal Nigam, Agra by Road Tankers up to the proposed project site. Total 16 KLD - Note: Requirement of Water in a day (only working hour) for domestic purpose by considering 45 Liter/Capita. 23 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra b. Water Requirement during Operation Phase 24 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER-3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 25 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 3.0 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY The Environment Assessment study has been carried out as per the safeguard policies of The World Bank, ESMF for the UPPTDP and relevant acts, rules, manual and guidelines of Government of India, such as the following: 1. Environment Impact Assessment Guidance manual for Building, Constructions, Townships and area development projects by Ministry of Environment & Forests Government of India, New Delhi. 2. Environmental Impact assessment Notification 2006 as amended up to date. 3. Office orders/memorandums issued from Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. 4. Central Pollution Control Board’s (CPCB) manuals for Air monitoring and water analysis etc. 5. World Bank Safe Guard Policies METHODOLOGY As per Environmental and Social Management Frame work and considering associated environmental and social impacts, an environmental and social assessment with corresponding management plans for the proposed project of Visitor center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal west gate has been conducted using the following methodology: 26 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Project Scoping, Identification of potential source of Baseline Studies (Existing Impact data collection and new surveys) Predict consequences and likelihood of Impact Interaction with Project Proponents Consultation with stakeholders Evaluate the significance Investigate options for mitigation Prepare draft EA report (Along with management and monitoring plan) Modify and finalize the EA including EMP Figure showing the EA Methodology The detail description of methodologies is as under: a. Secondary Data- Sources & Data Collection Apart from the data collected from the primary surveys, secondary data has also been collected from the concerned authorities related to the present project in vicinity of site. This part deals with the secondary sources, data collected, and their purpose. The information collected includes published reports, statistical data, technical studies The Authorities / Organizations contacted for data collection related to the project are as follows:  Central Pollution Control Board (Agra Office)  Indian Metrological Department, Lucknow 27 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  Horticulture Department, Agra, Uttar Pradesh  U.P Pollution Control Board & Regional Office, UPPCB, Agra (UP)  Jal Nigam, Agra (UP)  Forest Department, Agra (UP)  Department of Tourism (UP)  Municipal Corporation, Agra (UP)  Archaeological Survey of India & Agra Office, Agra (UP)  Agra Development Authority, Agra (UP)  Shopkeepers of Meena Bazar near proposed project  Vendors and hawkers near proposed project The secondary information / data / studies / proposals reviewed are as follows: S.NO TITLE TYPE OF DEPARTMENT/ RELEVENCE DOCUMENT ORGANIZATION 1. Environmental study Report National Environmental Similar type of before and after the Engineering Research study it is very proposed Urban Institute (NEERI) useful to tool for Conservation and Nagpur secondary data Tourism analysis. development Project of area around the World Heritage Site, Taj Mahal, Agra 2. Assessment of Basic Report Centre For Urban and For secondary Services and Regional Excellence data Infrastructure (CURE) analysis 3. Master Plan of Agra Document Agra Development For secondary Development authority data analysis Authority 4. Environmental Reports Central Pollution For secondary Monitoring & Control Board, Agar data analysis Analysis report Project office 5. Meteorological data Reports Indian Metrological For secondary Department data analysis 6. Status Of Report Central Pollution For secondary Groundwater Quality Control Board data analysis in India (Ministry of Environment , Forest & Climate Change) 7. Comprehensive Report CSIR-National For secondary Environmental Environmental data analysis Management Plan Engineering (CEMP) For Taj Research Institute Trapezium Zone (NEERI), Nehru Marg, (TTZ) Area Nagpur and Maharashtra, India  Review of Legislations, policies and regulations are as follows - S.No HERITAGE ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL 28 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 1  Operational Guidelines  Environment Protection Act Street Vendor for the Implementation of 1986 Policy the World Heritage  Environment Protection Rule Convention 2013 1986  Ancient Monuments and  Environmental Impact Archaeological Sites and Assessment Notification 2006 Remains Act 1958, as amended up to date amended in 2010.  Water (Prevention and Control  The Development of Pollution) Act-1974 Control rules of the ADA.  Air Pollution (Prevention) Act  The Agra Master Plan 1983 declared the Taj etc. Trapezium Zone (TTZ) etc.  Review of on-going/proposed projects around the Site- S.NO PROJECT DEPARTMENT STATUS 1. Urban Conservation and U.P Tourism Under going Tourism development project of Development the area around the world Corporation heritage site, Taj Mahal Agra 2. Shahjahan Park Walkway& World Bank Under going Landscaping Project. 3. Agra Ring Road Proposal Agra Development Proposal stage Authority 29 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra b. Conduct Screening: Screening is undertaken in the very beginning stages of project development. The purpose of screening is to screen out “no significant impacts” from those with significant impacts and get a broad picture of the nature, scale and magnitude of the issues. Team conducted screening process using the screening checklist format provided in ESMF report . c. Defining the project area and carrying out scoping in the field Team undertook the field survey and transect walk of the proposed sub project area to develop the understanding of the proposed project. Environmental Monitoring of the study area was also conducted for mapping environmental issue. Field visits helped to understand the local knowledge and were valuable in finding alternatives that help avoid or at least reduce the magnitude and severity of adverse impacts. d. Survey of the host population With the help of questionnaires, local people were interviewed in groups. A wide range of potentially affected people were interviewed in proposed sub project area including street venders, shop keepers, visitors and guide etc. Both men and women were interviewed from different sections of the society. Team undertook field visits to carry out the survey and understand the ground situation. The interviewees were asked about their awareness of the project, their response to it and if the project is affecting them (during construction phase) and how it will affect them (after completion phase). Also they were asked about the mitigation plans they have adopted or are planning to adopt, suggestions for improvement and any public grievances. Surveys were conducted around the proposed sub-project site. e. Discussion with the key stakeholders Most of the interactions with important key stakeholders were through both informal and formal discussions with them. All the associated government departments were visited to collect the relevant data and their feedback on the project activities. f. Identify and assess the impacts Based on the analysis of the data gathered from field survey, stakeholder interaction/ consultation and secondary sources, issues related to the environmental and social sectors were been identified. The impacts so identified were compared with the existing baseline environmental and social condition of the study region. g. Develop a mitigation plan Based on the environmental and social issues identified, measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance were recommended. The mitigation plans is suggested in all three stages: designing phase, construction phase and, operation and maintenance phase. 30 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER-4 REGULATORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 31 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 4.1 Project Level Legal Framework This framework describes the policy, principles, and approach to be followed in minimizing and mitigating adverse social and economic impacts by the sub projects. The ESMF document is intended to help manage the environmental impacts through appropriate measures during the planning, design, construction and operation of various sub-projects of UP Tourism Development Corporation . The framework identifies the level of safeguard due-diligence required for all categories of subprojects of UP Tourism Development Corporation and provides specific guidance on the policies and procedures to be followed for environmental assessment along with roles and responsibilities of the implementing agencies. 4.2 National Law The GoI EIA Notification of 2006 (replacing the EIA Notification of 1994), sets out the requirement for Environmental Assessment in India. This states that Environmental Clearance (EC) is required for specified activities/projects, and this must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) may commence. Projects are categorized as A or B depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its impacts. Categories A projects require Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment , Forests & Climate Change (MoEFCC) Gov. of India. The proponent is required to provide preliminary details of the project in the Form-1 of a EIA Notification, after which an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of the MoEFCC prepares comprehensive Terms of Reference (ToR) for the EIA study, which are finalized within 60 days. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, MoEFCC considers the recommendation of the EAC and provides the EC if appropriate. Category B projects require environmental clearance from the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) & District Environment Impact Assessment Authority. The State level EAC categorizes the project as either B1 (requiring EIA study) or B2 (no EIA study), and prepares TOR for B1 projects within 60 days. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, the SEIAA & DEIAA issues the EC based on the EAC recommendation. The Notification also provides that any project or activity classified as category B will be treated as category A if it is located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of protected areas, notified areas or inter-state or international boundaries. 4.3 Key Environmental Laws and Regulations 32 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra The key environmental laws and regulations as relevant to the projects are given in below table: SN Act/Rules Purpose Applic Reason for Authority able to Applicability project Yes/No 1. Environmental To provide Yes As per latest - Impact environmental amendment in the EIA Assessment clearance to Notification. This sub- new Notification 14th project not required Sep-2006 development clearance. The activities clearance is required following from concerning environmental development authority. impact assessment 2. Taj Trapezium To protect Taj Yes Project fall under TTZP Taj Zone Pollution Mahal from Authority, hence take the Trapezium (Prevention & pollution permission of the project Authority Control) before commencement Authority of construction. 3. Environment To protect and Yes As all environmental MoEFCC, Protection Act- improve Notifications, rules Gol, DoE, 1986 overall and schedules are State Gov. environment issued under this CPCB, SPCB 4. Air (Prevention To control air Yes This act will SPCBs and pollution be applicable during Control of by controlling construction and Pollution) Act, emission operational phase. To 1981 of air pollutants required consent to as per the establish and consent to prescribed operate. standards. 5. Water To control Yes This act will SPCBs Prevention water be applicable during and Control of pollution by construction and Pollution) controlling operational phase. To Act1974 discharge of required consent to pollutants establish and consent to as per the operate. prescribed standards 6. The Noise To control the Yes This act will SPCBs Pollution noise pollution be applicable during (Regulation and construction and Control) Rules, operational phase. 33 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 2000 7. Manufacture, To ensure No Due to use of SPCBs Storage and safety of hazardous chemical Import of hazardous Hazardous chemicals Chemical Rule 1989 & amended up to date 8. Municipal Solid To manage the Yes This notification SPCBs Wastes(Manag collection, is applicable only ement and transportation, for Municipal Solid Handling) segregation, waste Treatment Rules, 2016 treatment, facility investments and disposal of municipal solid wastes. 9. E-Waste To safe Yes E-waste shall be SPCBs (Management) disposal of collected and stored at Rules, 2016 electronic isolated location in waste. proposed sub-project . It shall be disposed through approved recyclers only. 10. Batteries To safe Yes Discarded Batteries will SPCBs (Management & disposal of be disposed through Handling) discarded authorized recycler only. Rules, 2001 As Batteries. Amended Up To Date 11. Plastic Waste To safe Yes Plastic waste shall be SPCBs (Management disposal of collected and stored at and Handling) plastic waste. demarcated place in Rule 2016 proposed sub-project . It shall be disposed as per guideline. 12. Hazardous To safe Yes The Rules govern SPCBs Wastes disposal of handling, (Management Hazardous movement and disposal and Handling) waste of hazardous waste. Rules, 1989 13. Construction To manage the Yes Construction and SPCBs and Demolition collection, Demolition Waste shall Waste segregation, be collected and stored Management recycling, at isolated location in Rule, 2016 treatment and proposed sub-project . disposal of It shall be disposed as construction per guideline. and demolition waste in an environmentall y sound manner. 14. The Land Set out rule for No This act will not be Revenue 34 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Acquisition Act Acquisition. of not applicable as Departmen 1894 (As land by land acquisition is not t State amended in government required. Governme 1985 nt and 2013) 15. The Forest To check No In this State (Conservation) deforestation case the project Forest Act 1980 by restricting entirely in Departmen conversion of same land use. t. forested Requiring tree cutting areas into non permission. forest area and regulate the forest related issues. 16. Wild Life To protect No This act is will be Chief Protection wildlife applicable, if there are Conservat Act 1972 any points of or Wildlife framed Wildlife, Ministry of Environme nt, Forests & Climate Change, Governme nt of India 17. Ancient Conservation Yes This act will Archaeolo Monuments of cultural be applicable due to gical And and historical heritage area. Departmen Archaeological remains found t Gol, Sites and in India India Remains Act Heritage 1958 Society and Indian National Trust for Art and Culture Heritage (INTACH). 18. Explosive Act Safe No In this project it is not Chief 1984 transportation, applicable as no Controller storage and blasting work is of use of required. Explosives explosive . material 19. Central Motor To check Yes This rule will be State Vehicle Act vehicular applicable to vehicles Transport, 1988 air and noise deployed for UP pollution. construction 35 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra activities and construction Machinery 20. National To maintain No This policy will be Forest Forest Policy, ecological applicable if any eco Departmen 1988 stability sensitive feature exists t, State through in and around the Governme preservation project. nt and and restoration of Ministry of biological Environme diversity. nt and Forests, 21. U.P. Minor To regulate Yes Take permission for District Minerals minor minerals. earth mining from Magistrate (Concession) Directorate of Geology & & Rules, 1963 As Mining, Govt. of Uttar Directorate Ammended Up Pradesh. of Geology To Date & Mining, Govt. of India. 22. The Building For welfare of Yes All the establishments Departmen and Other workers who carry on any t of labour Construction building or other Governme Workers construction work and nt of UP (Regulation of employs 10 or more Employment workers are covered and Conditions under this Act; the of Service) Act, employer of the 1996 and the establishment is Cess Act of required to provide 1996 safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for Workers near the workplace, etc. Other Legislations applicable to Construction Projects under U.P. Tourism Development Corporation: Construction stage generally involves equity, safety and public health issues. The construction agencies therefore will be required to comply with laws of the land, which include inter alia, the following: 1. Workmen's Compensation Act 1923 (the Act provides for compensation in case of injury by accident arising out of and during the course of employment); 2. Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 (gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on satisfaction of certain conditions on separation if an employee has completed 5 years); 36 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 3. Employees PF and Miscellaneous Provision Act 1952 (the Act provides for monthly contributions by the employer plus workers); 4. Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 (the Act provides for leave and some other benefits to women employees in case of confinement or miscarriage, etc.); 5. Contract Labor (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 (the Act provides for certain welfare measures to be provided by the contractor to contract labour); 6. Minimum Wages Act, 1948 (the employer is supposed to pay not less than the Minimum Wages fixed by the Government as per provisions of the Act); 7. Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (it lays down as to by what date the wages are to be paid, when it will be paid and what deductions can be made from the wages of the workers); 8. Equal Remuneration Act, 1979 (the Act provides for payment of equal wages for work of equal nature to Male and Female workers and not for making discrimination against Female employees); 9. Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 (the Act provides for payments of annual bonus subject to a minimum of 83.3% of wages and maximum of 20% of wages); 10. Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (the Act lays down the machinery and procedure for resolution of industrial disputes, in what situations a strike or lock-out becomes illegal and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing down the establishment); 11. Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act; 1946 (the Act provides for laying down rules governing the conditions of employment); 12. Trade Unions Act, 1926 (the Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade unions of workers and employers. The trade unions registered under the Act have been given certain immunities from civil and criminal liabilities); 13. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 (the Act prohibits employment of children below 14 years of age in certain occupations and processes and provides for regulation of employment of children in all other occupations and processes. Employment of child labour is prohibited in Building and Construction Industry); 14. Inter-State Migrant Workmen’s (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 (the inter-state migrant workers, in an establishment to which this Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medical aid, travelling expenses from home to the establishment and back, etc.); 15. The Factories Act, 1948 (the Act lays down the procedure for approval of plans before setting up a factory, health and safety provisions, welfare provisions, working hours and rendering information-regarding accidents or dangerous occurrences to designated authorities) 37 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER-5 BASE LINE ENVIRONMENT PROFILE 38 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 5.1 INTRODUCTION After the screening of proposed sub-project identified the probable significant impacts on different environmental components. On the basis of significant impacts baseline data were collected. The detail of primary and secondary baseline data is are described below- 5.2 Project Study Area Study region comprises of area (01 Km Circular shape) in and around the proposed sub- project near west gate of Taj Mahal. Location Map Of The Proposed Project 5.3 Baseline Condition of Project Surrounding Area 5.3.1 Topography Essentially the area, Agra comprises a fertile alluvial plain. The plain is part of the Indo- Gangetic alluvial plain. The elevation of the plain falls from 183 m above mean sea level in NNW to about 161 m in SSE part. The master slope of the plain is towards SSE. There is threefold physical division of the district viz.1. the Trans-Yamuna, 2. the Cis- Yamuna and 3. the trans-Utangan. In simple language, the Agra is mostly covered by a thick pile of quaternary sediments with restricted patches of rocks of Vindhyan Super Group. The proposed project site is plane. 39 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 5.3.2 Climate The study area is a characterized by semi-arid area bounded by Thar Desert on its southwest, west and northwest peripheries. The maximum temperature is attained upto 47°C in summer 2013 Year2014 Year 2015 Year 2016 Month Temp (C) Temp (C) Temp (C) Temp (C) s Max Ave Min Max Ave Min Max Ave Min Max Ave Mi n Jan 26 8.76 -1 23 10.93 0 24 10.29 3 27 13 3 Feb 32 13.71 4 27 14.46 4 30 17.21 6 32 17.03 5 Mar 35 19.58 8 35 20 8 37 19.79 8 39 23.74 13 Apr 42 26.58 16 44 26.46 16 42 26.46 16 43 30.66 19 May 46 31.35 19 46 30.90 22 46 32.12 21 46 32.45 21 Jun 44 30.46 24 47 33.9 23 46 31.9 24 45 32.76 26 July 37 28.70 25 43 30.96 24 40 29.61 24 37 29.74 24 Aug 36 27.9 23 39 29.16 24 38 29.64 24 36 29.29 24 Sept 37 28.28 22 37 28.58 22 39 29.76 21 37 29.46 24 Oct 33 23.62 14 38 25.58 15 39 26.74 15 37 26.64 14 Nov 32 17.75 7 33 19.26 7 32 20.7 10 32 19.83 9 Dec 32 13.74 1 38 12.54 2 27 14 2 27 13.74 6 months (May to June) and minimum temperature as low as 3°C in winter. The average rainfall in the region is 685 mm. The city experiences extreme hot summers and extreme cold winter. The climate of the city experiences a typical extreme climate as of the plains of Uttar Pradesh. All seasonal climatic changes e.g. temperature; rainfall, wind-pattern etc. are observed throughout the year, particularly high temperature during the summer, cold weather during winters and sufficient rains in the monsoon. The Maximum, Minimum & average data of Temperature & rain fall from the year 1993 to 2002 is given in below table: Months Temperature(C) Rain fall (mm) Maximu Average Minimu Maximum Averag Minimum m m e January 24.786 15.1435 6.858 23.872 8.5571 0 February 27.112 18.2781 9.321 13.537 6.2674 0 March 33.495 23.8953 13.36 14.058 4.5012 0 April 39.874 30.0525 20.277 15.489 5.9185 0 May 42.825 34.3869 24.651 37.033 13.32.7 0.339 June 41.905 33.9483 26.056 136.795 76.5416 14.005 July 37.315 30.8736 25.557 594.308 224.695 26.958 4 August 34.105 29.2562 24.389 342.545 249.506 149.869 5 September 34.667 28.7414 22.765 270.853 130.913 14.394 5 October 35.105 26.898 17.92 52.831 18.0266 0.332 November 31.126 21.8083 12.68 40.257 4.8353 0 December 25.45 16.457 6.432 14.12 2.1262 0 Source: India Meteorological Department 40 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra The Maximum, Minimum & average data of Temperature from the year 2013 to 2016 is given in below table: Source: Wunderground Website The Maximum, Minimum & average data of Humidity from the year 2013 to 2016 is given in below table: Year 2013 Year 2014 Year 2015 Year 2016 Month Humidity% Humidity% Humidity% Humidity% s Max Aver Min Max Ave Min Max Ave Min Max Ave Min Jan 100 73.4 24 100 91. 36 100 91. 29 100 77. 20 3 77 19 64 Feb 100 72.8 11 100 74. 22 100 63. 23 100 16. 4 2 17 89 48 Mar 100 53.0 10 100 56. 11 100 60. 12 86 37. 6 64 25 77 32 Apr 88 26.0 5 100 28. 4 100 42. 4 100 18 4 33 86 26 May 81 18.3 4 98 24. 4 100 23. 4 84 30. 4 8 80 38 74 June 100 54 16 96 30. 4 100 38. 4 97 48 11 96 96 July 100 81.2 53 100 64. 12 100 70. 26 100 86. 6 2 41 51 06 Aug 100 86.9 48 100 74. 31 100 73 34 100 92. 65 6 45 16 Sep 100 66.9 30 100 63. 23 100 51. 17 100 79. 24 53 4 6 Oct 100 76.5 20 100 50. 16 100 42. 10 100 55. 13 4 64 80 09 Nov 100 64.6 20 100 48. 14 100 55. 14 100 58. 16 3 06 63 56 Dec 100 77.8 22 100 75. 15 100 68. 17 100 80. 27 0 57 09 41 Source: Wunderground Website 5.3.3 Geology The soil of Agra is loose, sandy and calcareous. The river Yamuna is the only river flowing through the metropolitan city of Agra. The river enters the city on its northern boundary and takes U-shape while crossing through the heart of the city. The area is characterized by alluvium, which is an admixture of gravel, sand, silt and clay in various proportions, deposited during the Quaternary period. The study area is a part of Indo-Gangetic alluvium of quaternary age and is made up of recent unconsolidated fluviatile formations comprising sand, silt, clay and kankar with occasional beds of gravel. There are some underground rocks of quartzite and sand stone of Vindhyan-series, in the west and south west of Agra. The topsoil is coarse 41 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra and angular sand with small clay fraction. The sub-soil is sandy throughout. The stabilized topsoil is reddish brown with sand and clay mixed. The minimum depth of topsoil layer is 60 cm. Sand and silts are slightly alkaline to saline. The topography of the area is flat. Saline soils are generally brown. Alkaline soils are grey and get sticky on wetting and hard on drying, acquiring a clotted structure. 5.3.4 Mineral Resources The project influence area does not have any sources of minerals except sand in the Yamuna river. 5.3.5 Land Use The land use of the project is parking as per the master plan of Agra Development Authority. 5.3.6 Seismicity Identification of Natural Hazard Prone Areas Agra has been identified in Zone III, which means the area is categorized as moderate damage risk zone with potential of MSK VII earthquake. The IS code assigns zone factor of 0.16 for Zone III. Intensities of VII or more on Modified Mercalli intensity or MSK intensity are considered moderate to high areas under seismic zone III, IV and V as specified in IS 1892. Therefore, all areas in these three zone will be considered prone to earthquake hazards. The earthquake prone area maps of Uttar Pradesh and Agra. Seismic Zone area is given below: 42 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 5.4 Soil The soils are basically an outcome of landform, climate, land use, topography, time and parent material, which have been well considered during the pedological investigation. The role of soil as natural asset of ecosystem is viewed through three angles (i) supporting agriculture & forest (ii) Supporting engineering installation and (iii) Constituting the medium to regulate the storage and accumulation of subsurface water. In the proposed sub-project no requirement of any land acquisition. The proposed sub- project is limited in a defined same land use. The soil analysis were conducted in the view of structural engineering installation. 5.4.1 Primary Data Analysis Three locations were identified within the study area for collection of soil samples. Below Table representing the Soil Sampling Locations: S. No Location Depth 1. B. H. - 1 Project site located in map 15.00 m 2. B. H. - 2 Project site located in map 15.00 m 3. B. H. - 3 Project site located in map 15.00 m Below Table representing Particle size distribution 43 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra S. Sample Location No 1. B. H. - 1 (Taj - Mahal West Gate, Agra) Sample Sample Clay Silt (%) Fine Med Coarse Grav depth No (%) Sand Sand Sand el (%) (%) (%) (%) <0.002 0.002- 0.075- 0.425- 2.00- >3.75 MM 0.075 0.425 2.00 3.75 MM 2.25-2.55 UDS-1 22.6 39.3 21.7 5.6 3.2 6.6 5.25-5.55 UDS-2 19.3 36.9 26.2 6.9 3.8 5.9 8.25-8.55 UDS-3 12.2 29.8 40.3 10.4 3.8 3.5 11.25-11.55 UDS-4 9.9 23.3 43.8 16.5 2.8 1.7 13.25-13.55 UDS-5 6.6 22.1 47.3 18.2 3.3 2.5 2. B. H. - 2 (Taj - Mahal West Gate, Agra) Sample Sample Clay Silt (%) Fine Med Coarse Grav depth No (%) Sand Sand Sand el (%) (%) (%) (%) <0.002 0.002- 0.075- 0.425- 2.00- >3.75 MM 0.075 0.425 2.00 3.75 MM 2.25-2.55 UDS-1 28.3 33.9 19.8 7.3 5.4 5.3 5.25-5.55 UDS-2 25.6 30.8 23.6 8.9 5.4 3.7 8.25-8.55 UDS-3 13.6 26.3 38.7 13.6 6.3 1.5 11.25-11.55 UDS-4 9.2 23.5 45.3 17.2 3.8 1.0 13.25-13.55 UDS-5 5.6 20.1 48.2 20.6 3.2 1.3 3. B. H. - 3 (Taj - Mahal West Gate, Agra) Sample Sample Clay Silt (%) Fine Med Coarse Grav depth No (%) Sand Sand Sand el (%) (%) (%) (%) <0.002 0.002- 0.075- 0.425- 2.00- >3.75 MM 0.075 0.425 2.00 3.75 MM 2.25-2.55 UDS-1 32.6 36.2 18.2 7.3 3.0 2.7 5.25-5.55 UDS-2 27.6 32.5 23.4 11.1 3.2 1.2 8.25-8.55 UDS-3 15.3 28.7 33.2 15.9 6.3 0.6 11.25-11.55 UDS-4 10.2 25.1 40.4 18.9 5.4 0.0 13.25-13.55 UDS-5 7.3 22.8 46.9 15.7 7.3 0.0 Below Table representing Physical Characteristic of Soil S. No Sample Location 1. B. H. - 1 (Taj - Mahal West Gate, Agra) Sample depth Sample No Bulk Density Water Holding (gm./cm3) Capacity (%) 2.25-2.55 UDS-1 1.686 8.2 5.25-5.55 UDS-2 1.668 7.6 8.25-8.55 UDS-3 1.699 6.9 11.25-11.55 UDS-4 1.702 6.5 13.25-13.55 UDS-5 1.709 6.1 2. B. H. - 2 (Taj - Mahal West Gate, Agra) Sample depth Sample No Bulk Density Water Holding (gm./cm3) Capacity (%) 2.25-2.55 UDS-1 1.687 7.9 5.25-5.55 UDS-2 1.694 7.6 44 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 8.25-8.55 UDS-3 1.696 7.0 11.25-11.55 UDS-4 1.700 6.4 13.25-13.55 UDS-5 1.705 5.9 3. B. H. - 2 (Taj - Mahal West Gate, Agra) Sample depth Sample No Bulk Density Water Holding (gm./cm3) Capacity (%) 2.25-2.55 UDS-1 1.672 8.5 5.25-5.55 UDS-2 1.690 8.1 8.25-8.55 UDS-3 1.703 7.2 11.25-11.55 UDS-4 1.709 6.8 13.25-13.55 UDS-5 1.716 6.3 5.4.2 Secondary Data Analysis The secondary data of soil analysis is taken from EA Study around the Taj Mahal by NEERI (Nagpur) in Nov-2014. The location of soil sample is “Near West Gate of the Taj Mahal”, the Latitude of the soil sample location is N 270 10.246’ & the Longitude is E 780 02.782’. The soil characteristic is given in below table: Particle Size Distribution (%) Coarse Sand Fine Sand Silt Clay Textural Class 6.80 33.96 33.04 26.20 Loam Physical Characteristics of Soil Bulk Density (gm/cm3) Water Holding Capacity (%) Porosity (%) 1.14 46.20 45.60 Chemical Characteristics of Soil pH EC dS/m Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Mg/l 7.30 0.26 1.60 1.63 0.46 0.11 Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) of the Soil in the Study Area Ca++ Mg++ Na+ K+ CEC ESP cmol (p+) kg-1 (%) 13.80 10.20 0.79 1.20 24.60 3.20 Relationship of CEC with Productivity CEC Range (cmol (p+) kg-1) Productivity Moderate 20 – 50 Moderate Relationship of CEC with Adsorptivity CEC Range (cmol (p+) kg-1) Adsorptivity High 20 – 30 High Fertility Status of Soil Organic Carbon N P2O5 K2O 45 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra (%) Kg/ha 1.55 238.34 9.80 39.64 Heavy Metals Content in Soil Samples Cd Cr Co Cu Fe Mn Ni Pb Zn Mg/kg 1.1 39.1 12.3 47.7 15120 294.2 26.7 28.7 223.3 Microbiological Characteristics of Soil CFU/g of Soil TVC Fungi Actinomycetes Rhizobium Azotobacter 76 x 106 27 x 104 36 x 104 18 x 104 23 x 104 Source: EA Study around the Taj Mahal by NEERI (Nagpur) in Nov-2014 5.5 Ambient Air Quality The major sources of air pollution in study area are emissions from vehicles and present construction related activities. The lack of fuel efficiency in vehicles, congestion in movement and ill-maintained vehicles are major cause of vehicular emissions. 5.5.1 Primary Data Analysis: Analytical Instrumentation Various sophisticated instruments were used for sampling (Table 5.3.10) and monitoring the air quality in terms of particulate and various gases viz. Fine Particulate Sampler (Envirotech APM 550), Respirable Dust Sampler (Envirotech APM 460) were used for monitoring of ambient air pollution. Below Table representing the Instruments/Equipment used for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring and Analysis S. No Parameter Instruments 1. PM10 Respirable Dust Sampler (Envirotech APM 460) 2. PM2.5 Fine Particulate Sampler (Envirotech APM 550) 3. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) Respirable Dust Sampler (Gas Sampling Kit) 4. Nitrogen oxide (NO2) Respirable Dust Sampler (Gas Sampling Kit) Below Table representing the Technique used for Ambient Air quality Monitoring and Analysis S. No Parameter Technique Technical Protocol Minimum Detectable Limits 1. PM10 Gravimetric IS-5182 & CPCB 1 µg/m3 2. PM2.5 Gravimetric IS-5182 & CPCB 1 µg/m3 46 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 3. Sulphur dioxide Modified west and IS-5182 & CPCB 6 µg/m3 Gaeke 4. Nitrogen oxide Jacob &Hochheiser IS-5182 & CPCB 3 µg/m3 Location & Period of Monitoring The existing ambient air quality data required to assess impacts is collected through a well- designed air quality monitoring network. To establish the baseline status of air quality in the study region, three locations were selected for monitoring of air quality during 14 June to 20 June 2016. The monitoring sites locations are tabulate in below table. The sites were identified depending upon their importance and prevailing meteorological conditions. The monitoring was carried out for the parameters Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2). One air quality monitoring sites is shown in below Exhibit. Below Table representing the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations S. N. Location Direction of Taj mahal Latitude Longitude w.r.t. monitoring station 1. Water Booth (Near Meena North-East 27010’23.63” 7802’6.08” Bazar) 2. Sulabh Toilet at the Back North-East 27010’27.64” 7802’5.07” Side Parking 3. Near Entry Gate of Parking North -east 27010’23.85” 780 2’1.93” 47 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Photograph showing the location of Air Quality Monitoring station Near Entry Gate of Parking Below Table representing the Air Quality Status Location Date Time PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx Remark Water Booth 14-15th June 06:00 to 141.04 52.6 BDL 9.12 - (Near 2016 14:00 Meena 14:00 to 153.47 63.8 BDL 15.2 - Bazar) near 22:00 west gate of 22:00 to 91.48 35.96 BDL 10.2 - Taj Mahal 06:00 16-17th June 06:00 to 113.88 45.6 BDL 15.53 - 2016 14:00 14:00 to 116.47 52.2 04 19.47 - 22:00 22:00 to 55.86 22.04 BDL 13.83 - 06:00 - Min. 55.86 22.04 BDL 9.12 - - Max. 153.47 63.8 04 19.47 - - Avg. 112.2 45.53 0.67 13.06 - - SD ±35.11 ±13.89 ±1.63 ±3.81 - Sulabh 15-16th June 06:00 to 171.42 62.8 BDL 9.8 - Toilet at the 2016 14:00 Back Side of 14:00 to 122.38 45.36 04 12.9 - Parking near 22:00 west gate of 22:00 to 88.15 36.2 BDL 8.6 - parking 06:00 17-18th June 06:00 to 138.43 52.34 BDL 17.04 - 2016 14:00 14:00 to 127.5 45.68 06 18.5 - 22:00 22:00 to 139.23 48.82 BDL 16.72 - 06:00 - Min. 88.15 36.2 BDL 8.6 - - Max. 171.42 62.8 06 18.5 - - Avg. 131.185 48.53 1.67 13.93 - - SD ±27.13 ±8.81 ±2.66 ±3.12 - Near Entry 18-19th June 06:00 to 108.05 38.46 BDL 16.08 Gate of 2016 14:00 Parking near 14:00 to 120.63 50.4 BDL 18.65 - west gate of 22:00 parking 22:00 to 86.18 29.24 BDL 13.04 - 06:00 19-20th June 06:00 to 163.24 62.57 BDL 12.64 - 2016 14:00 14:00 to 108.12 46.15 BDL 9.38 - 22:00 22:00 to 112.6 43.92 BDL 9.2 Drizing 06:00 Rain Partially 48 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra - Min. 86.18 29.24 BDL 9.2 - - Max. 163.24 62.57 BDL 18.65 - - Avg. 116.47 45.12 BDL 13.33 - - SD ±25.60 ±11.24 ±BDL ±3.73 - 24 hourly average ambient air quality data from 14th June 2016 to 20th June 2016. Primary Data PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx Minimum 55.86 22.4 BDL 8.6 Maximum 171.42 63.80 06 19.47 Average 119.90 46.39 0.7 13.77 Standard 29.03 10.98 1.78 3.53 Deviation 5.5.2 Secondary Data Analysis Below Table representing the Hourly Average Ambient Air Quality Data Taj Mahal Station From 2002 to 2015 Year SO2 µg/m3 NOx µg/m3 PM 10 µg/m3 SPM µg/m3 2002 05 22 147 376 2003 04 22 145 352 2004 05 18 133 309 2005 09 22 147 306 2006 06 22 133 316 2007 06 23 167 396 2008 07 22 167 304 2009 06 20 157 334 2010 05 20 167 333 2011 04 20 149 390 2012 05 18 178 332 2013 04 17 153 275 2014 04 15 152 277 2015 04 18 166 298 (Source:CPCB) Below Table representing the 24 Hourly Ambient Air Quality Data for SO2 January to December 2015, Taj Mahal Station SO2 Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Min BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 49 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Max 04 05 05 05 04 04 04 04 05 BDL 04 04 Avg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.84 0.3 BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.3 SD BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL (Source: CPCB) Below Table representing the 24 Hourly Ambient Air Quality Data for NOx January to December 2015, Taj Mahal Station NOx Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Min 9 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 11 BDL Max 41 64 58 27 33 16 40 21 23 29 62 58 Avg 17.29 21.18 19.8 10.39 11.0 5.54 3.16 6.1 6.8 11.8 27.68 25.76 SD 6.64 13.09 12.39 8.38 7.94 6.16 9.28 3.6 7.03 7.02 13.50 12.39 (Source: CPCB) Below Table representing the 24 Hourly Ambient Air Quality Data for (PM10) January to December 2015, Taj Mahal Station PM10 Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Min 136 118 54 51 72 29 22 28 42 72 149 177 Max 349 240 184 307 501 222 203 102 199 350 399 461 Avg 225 178 113 148 209 120 58 53 124 197 268 288 SD 48.3 30.7 43.20 68.48 109.97 41.28 42.99 19.86 45.89 68.40 81.30 61.43 9 5 (Source: CPCB) Below Table representing the Ambient Air Quality Data 24 Hourly June 2016 Taj Mahal Station CPCB SO2 NOx PM 2.5 PM 10 Min BDL BDL 10 29 Max 4 15 120 219 Avg BDL 2.76 51.35 106.68 SD BDL 5.03 37.78 46.35 (Source: CPCB) Below Table representing the Ambient Air Quality Data near proposed site 2016 from 14-06-2016 to 20-06-2016 (West gate parking area at 03 locations) Primary data SO2 NOx PM2.5 PM10 Min BDL 8.6 22.4 55.86 50 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Max 06 19.47 63.80 171.42 Avg 0.7 13.77 46.39 119.90 SD 1.78 3.53 10.98 29.03 Below Table representing the National Ambient air Quality Standard Standard SO2 NO2 PM10 PM2.5 Annual average AAQ Standard For Sensitive Area 20 30 60 40 24 Hourly Average AAQ Standard for Sensitive Area 80 80 100 60 (Source: CPCB) Results & Analysis The ambient air quality monitored at 03 locations in the study area (West gate parking area) from 14 June to 20 June 2016 is summarized during study period SO2,NOx, PM2.5 , PM10 where monitored 08 hourly and result compiled average 24 hourly. The concentration of pollutants on 24 hourly basis PM10 &PM2.5 where found in the range 55.86 to 171.42 µg/m3and 22.04 to 63.80 µg/m3. The average value of PM10 &PM2.5 particles 119.90 to46.39 µg/m3 respectively. On comparing primary data with data collected from CPCB during study period for PM10 (52 to 136 µg/m3) and PM2.5 (10 to 103 µg/m3). The average data of PM10 particle size are identical with to our primary data with 91 and 119 µg/m3. While monthly PM10 values for the month of June-2016 CPCB 106.68 and primary data 119.93 and PM2.5 CPCB 51.35 µg/m3 and primary data 46.39 µg/m3. The 24 hourly SO2 and NOx CPCB data BDL to 4 µg/m3 and primary data data BDL to 6 µg/m3 our data close related to CPCB data. The observation of NOx monitoring BDL to 15µg/m3 of data observed by CPCB. The primary data found 8.6 to 19.47 15µg/m3 NOx during 14 to 20 June 2016. The concentration of SO2, NOx, PM2.5 , PM10 comprising from standard SO2 , Nox are always in the limit prescribed by NAAQS while particle PM10 and SPM are higher than the prescribed limit. The CPCB started of PM2.5 monitoring from 2016. 5.6 Noise Quality 5.6.1 Primary Data Analysis The baseline environmental monitoring for noise quality was conducted through primary survey to at strategic locations. The baseline noise levels helps in understanding the existing noise level so that necessary monitoring mechanism and safeguard measures can be formulated for the possible impacts from the project on noise quality during the construction and operation stages of the project. The existing baseline noise level is presented in below table: 51 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Below Table representing the Location of Noise Monitoring S. No Location Latitude Longitude 1. Meena Bazar near west gate Parking 27010’23.16” N 7802’6.07” E 2. West Gate of Taj Mahal 27010’15.69” N 7802’25.74” E 3. West Gate Parking Area 27010’24.85” N 7802’1.93” E 4. Police Check Post near west gate 27010’22.32” N 7802’3.48” E parking 5. Shahjahan Garden 27010’21.93” N 7802’0.56” E Below Table representing the Monitoring of Noise Level during day Time Location Date Time (Day) In Noise Standard between 6:00 to Level, dB (A) Leq 22:00 Hr dB (A) Leq Meena Bazar near west 16-Jun-16 10:30 to 10:45 Hr 70.34 gate Parking 65 16-Jun-16 12:30 to 12:45 Hr 73.35 West Gate of Taj Mahal 17-Jun-16 11:15 to 11:30 Hr 63.83 50 17-Jun-16 15:15 to 15: 30 Hr 62.23 18-Jun-16 14:00 to 14:15 Hr 67 65 West Gate Parking Area 18-Jun-16 16:15 to 16:30 Hr 69.39 Police Check Post near 19-Jun-16 11:45 to 12:00 Hr 66.11 65 west gate parking 19-Jun-16 15:15 to 15:30 Hr 70.78 Sahjahan Garden 20-Jun-16 10:45 to 11:00 Hr 70.03 65 20-Jun-16 15:00 to 15:15 Hr 73.58 Below Table representing the Monitoring of Noise Level during Night Time Location Date Time (Night) In Noile Level, Standared between 22:00 dB (A) Leq dB (A) Leq to 6:00 Hr Meena Bazar near west 16-Jun-16 23:30 to 23: 45 64 55 gate Parking Hr 16-Jun-16 04:00 to 04: 15 51.74 Hr West Gate of Taj Mahal 17-Jun-16 23:15 to 23:30 Hr 53.46 40 17-Jun-16 03:00 to 03:15 hr 51.7 West Gate Parking Area 18-Jun-16 00:15 to 00:30 Hr 49.93 55 18-Jun-16 04:00 to 04:15 Hr 50.17 Police Check Post near 19-Jun-16 00:15 to 00:30 Hr 42.26 55 west gate parking 19-Jun-16 04:00 to 4:15 Hr 45.41 Sahjahan Garden 20-Jun-16 23:00 to 23:15 Hr 58.65 55 20-Jun-16 05:00 to 05:15 hr 58.12 52 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Photograph showing the location of Noise Monitoring (Police Check Post near west gate parking) 5.6.2 Secondary Data Analysis Secondary data of Noise quality of the area were taken from Environmental Assessment (EA) Study Before and After the Proposed Urban Conservation and Tourism Development Project of Area Around the World Heritage Site, Taj Mahal, Agra. This study was conducted by National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) Nagpur, India in November 2014. Below Table representing the Location of Noise Quality Monitoring S. Location Latitude E Longitude N Category of No. area /zone 1. West side parking facility 27°10’ 23.3” 78° 2’ 2.9” Commercial 2. Market area (near cloak room) 27°10’ 19” 78° 2’ 16” Commercial 3. West gate of Taj Mahal 27°10’ 15.6” 78° 2’ 25.6” Silence Below Table representing the Monitoring Location and Noise Level during Day Time S. Location Date Time Observed Applicable No. Leq limits 1. West side parking 22-02-2013 2:25 to 2:40 pm 67.3 65 facility 23-02-2016 1:45 to 2:00 pm 76.6 2. Market area (cloak 22-02-2013 2:00 to 2:15 pm 60.2 65 room) 23-02-2016 1:20 to 1:35 pm 68.6 3. West gate of Taj 22-02-2013 1:30 to 1:45 pm 63.7 50 Mahal 23-02-2016 1:00 to 1:15 pm 75.7 53 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Below Table representing the Monitoring Location and Noise Level during Night Time S. Location Date Time Observed Applicable No. Leq limits 1. West side parking 23-02-2013 12:20 to 12:35 57.2 55 facility am 23-02-2016 10:00 to 10:15 60.3 pm 2. Market area (cloak 23-02-2013 12:00 to 12:15 48.6 55 room) am 23-02-2016 10:20 to 50.7 10:35pm 3. West gate of Taj 22-02-2013 11:40 to 11:55 61.9 40 Mahal pm 23-02-2016 10:40 to 10:55 57.4 pm (Source – Environmental Assessment (EA) Study before and after Proposed Urban Conservation and Tourism Development Project of area around the World Heritage Site, Taj Mahal, Agra by National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) Nagpur- November 2014) Below Table representing the Reference noise level of different construction machinery, equipment and vehicles: Description Typical Noise level Range, Reference Distance, dB (A) m Front loaders 72-84 1.0 Backhoes 72-93 1.0 Tractors 76-96 1.0 Scrapers, Graders 80-93 1.0 Pavers 86-88 1.0 Trucks (˃cc) 82-94 1.0 Concrete mixers 75-88 1.0 Concrete pumps 81-88 1.0 Crane (Moveable) 75-86 1.0 Crane (Derrick) 86-88 1.0 Pumps 69-71 1.0 Compressors 74-86 1.0 Air compressor 111 1.0 Back Hoe/Loader 105 1.0 Concrete Mixer truck 109 1.0 Concrete Pumper 94 1.0 Concrete Vibrators 101 1.0 Cranes- mobile 105 1.0 Dump truck 107 1.0 Generator 75 1.0 Hammering 110 1.0 Jackhammer 112 1.0 Pile Driver 124 1.0 Radial Arm Saw 104 1.0 54 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Result & Analysis Noise levels during day hours in the study area are slightly higher from standard values. Hence need to take noise control measures in the project. 5.7 WATER QUALITY 5.7.1 Primary Data Analysis a. Source of Ground Water  Agra Jal Nigam is implementing water supply project in the entire city. In the project area the main source of water is ground water except Tajganj area where protected water is supplied by the Jal Nigam, Agra.  Three bore wells of diameter four inch are located in the project site. While one is used for the drinking water purposes, the other two are used by the public toilet located at the site.  Additionally there are three nos. of bore wells present in the surrounding area of the site. While one bore well is located next to the Meena bazaar, the other is located near Baba Bodhidas Asharm and the other near Hazrat Syed Jalal Shah Bukhari Alahay Dargah..  In addition to the above, number of bore wells are present in the Shahjahan park, and Sheesh Mahal park of Horticulture Department, both of which are close to the project site.  The water table of the site is 12 meter below ground level. b. Source of Water Pollution The main source of waste water generation in the study area is:  Waste water generation from Baba Bodhidas ashram  Waste water generation from Hazrat Syed Jalal Shah Bukhari Alahay Dargah  One no. of RO plant, which generates some quantity of Ro reject water and spillage during use.  The waste water generated from two nos of community toilets is disposed in the own septic tanks and the overflow of septic tank goes to the adjacent drain of the site.  Above generated waste water disposed in the adjacent drain of the site.  One open nallah comes from Tajganj area is flowing towards site which is intercepted near Meena bazaar by Jal Nigam and send through underground sewage line to Dhandhupura STP for their treatment. 55 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  Two another source of water pollution in the study area are – a. A Nallah is flowing from Khairati Tola to Yamuna river via Shahjahan garden and Sheesh Mahal ka tilla, which is approximate 400 meter away from the proposed site. b. A large nallah is flowing from city area to Yamuna River via Motilal Nehru crossing which is approximate 900 meters away from the proposed site. Below Table representing the Ground Water Quality Of The Proposed Site The ground water quality is given in below table: SN Parameter Unit Reference Bore BIS Standard IS Method Well 10500:2015 Water Requirement Permissible Results (Acceptable limit in the Limit) absence of alternate source 1. Colour Hazen 2120 B Clear 5 15 2. Odour - 2150 A Odorless Agreeable Agreeable 3. Taste - - Tasteless Tasteless Tasteless 0 4. Temperature C - 270C - - 5. pH - 4500 H+B 8.5 6.5-8.5 NR** 6. Turbidity NTU 2130 B 0.5 1 5 7. Conductivity µmhos/cm 2510 B 3540 - - 8. TDS mg/l 2540 C 1752 500 2000 9. Hardness as mg/l 2340 C 620 200 600 CaCO3 10. Alkalinity mg/l 2320 B 892 200 600 11. Chloride as mg/l 4500 Cl,B 319 250 1000 Cl 12. Sulphate as mg/l 4500- SO4 240.7 200 400 SO4 13. Fluoride mg/l 4500-F,C 0.9 1.0 1.5 14. Calcium as mg/l 3500 Ca, 241 75 200 Ca 15. Magnesium mg/l 3500 MG,E 149 30 100 as Mg 16. Sodium as mg/l 3500- 78 - - Na Na,D 17. Potassium mg/l 3500- K,D 03 - - as K 56 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 18. Copper as mg/l 3500Cu,B <0.001 0.05 1.5 cu 19. Chromium mg/l 3500- Cr,B <0.003 0.05 NR** as Cr 20. Cadmium as mg/l 35000Cd,B <0.0008 0.003 NR** Cd 21. Iron as Fe mg/l 3500-Fe,D <0.28 0.3 NR** 22. Manganese mg/l 3500-Mn,D <0.001 0.1 0.3 as Mn 23. Nickel as Ni mg/l 3500-Ni,D <0.006 0.02 NR** 24. Lead as Pb mg/l 3500-Pb,B <0.0015 0.01 NR** 25. Zinc as Zn mg/l 3500-Zn,D <0.001 5 15 26. Mercury as mg/l 3500-Hg,B BDL** 0.001 NR** Hg 27. Arsenic as mg/l 3500-As,B BDL** 0.1 0.5 As 28. Nitrate as mg/l 4500- NO3- 8.0 45 NR NO3 D 29. Total MNP 100 9221 Absent Should be absent in any Coliforma ml 30. Faecal MNP 100 9221 Absent 100/ml sample coliforma ml Note: BDL** - Below decection Limit, NR** - No relaxation 5.7.2 Secondary Data Analysis The source of water supply in the study area is mainly ground water. Drop in ground water table has been reported in the last decade; with depths ranging from below ground level given in below table: 57 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra The result of ground water quality of Agra city is taken from Ground Water Year Book of Uttar Pradesh (2014 – 2015) released by Central Ground Water Board. The ground water quality of Agra is given in below table. S. No Parameters Result 1 pH 8.41 2 EC µs/cm At 250C 3250 3 CO3 24 4 HCO3 300 5 Cl 490 6 F 1 7 NO3 55 8 So4 450 9 TH 500 10 Ca 44 11 Mg 117 12 Na 470 13 K 5.9 14 SiO2 34 15 PO4 ND 16 TDS 2178 17 RSC -4.6 18 SAR 8.4 Result and Analysis: The water table of proposed project site is 12 meter and the hardness of ground water is high. 5.8 Biological Environment 5.8.1 Primary Data Analysis Baseline status of flora and fauna was analyzed through extensive field survey and plot less sampling method was used in and around the study area was carried out during the month of May-June 2016, for assessment of flora and fauna Secondary data has been collected from Forest department & Horticulture Department and interaction with officials of both departments. Below Table representing the numbers of trees in the project affected area (except green patch). S.No Name of Trees Botanical Name Numbers of Trees 1. Kadam Neolamarckia cadamba 02 nos. 58 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 2. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globu 14 nos. 3. Kat Sagon Haplophragma 15 nos. adenophyllum (wall) Dop. 4. Neem Azadirachta indica 12 nos. 5. Date Palm Phoenix dactylifera 13 nos. 6. Goolar Ficus racemosa 01 nos. 7. Shisham Dalbergia Sissoo Roxb. 01 nos. 8. Total 58 nos. Below Table representing the number of trees available in Green patch near the entrance of the site S.No Name of Trees Botanical Name Numbers of Trees 1. Kadam Neolamarckia cadamba 01 nos. 2. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globu 06 nos. 3. Kat Sagon Haplophragma 20 nos. adenophyllum (wall) Dop. 4. Neem Azadirachta indica 14 nos. 5. Copper Pod Peltophorum 06 nos. pterocarpum 6. Babool Vachellia nilotica 13 nos. 7. Chill Bill Holoptelea integrifolia 03 nos. 8. Bombax Ceiba Bombax Ceiba 05 nos. 9. Indian Bel Aegle marmelos 01 nos. Total 69 nos. Map showing the Green Patch and other trees available on the Proposed Project Site: 59 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Green Patch 5.8.2 Secondary Data Analysis At present three sides of the Taj Mahal is protected with about more than 100 m dense green belt for protection of Taj Mahal from Air pollution. The entire green belt is planted and maintained by Horticulture & Forest Department of Uttar Pradesh. 60 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Result & Analysis Massive forestation operations have been undertaken by forest department of Uttar Pradesh. One major initiative in this direction was development of green belt at Shahajahan Park. The plantations under this activity were carried out around the study area. The flora in the Shahajahan Park is a greenbelt (planted on suggestion by NEERI, 2000) for combating the air pollution from western side and protecting the Taj Mahal from its hazardous effect. Total area of park is 242 acre with total plantation of 15,190 tress having girth of more than 1 foot. The park is managed by Horticulture Department, UP tourism, Agra. Some of the dominant trees in the park are Holoptelea integrifolia (Papdi), Azadirachta indica(Neem), Polyalthia longifolia (desi Asoka) Putranjeeva, along with 240 plants of economically important chandan trees. 5.9 Fauna To study the diversity of fauna, survey methods were adopted. The survey was mainly carried out at dawn and at dusk to study animal behavior and habitat. This study period is mainly selected as animals are most active. Secondary data was collected from the forest department and interaction with the local peoples was also conducted to establish baseline study for distribution of wild animals in the study area. 5.9.1 Domestic animals: Domestic animals like cow, buffaloes, goat, dogs, camels etc are found in the study area. 5.9.2 Wild animals: The study area being a residential and commercial area lacks any wild fauna however monkeys are found to be dominant in the study area. However the Shahajahan Park has provided a suitable habitat for indigenous avifauna like Peacocks, Pigeons, Babblers etc and also the mammals like monkeys and squirrels. 5.9.3 Avi fauna Checklist of birds was prepared based on visual observations. Birds commonly observed included Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Parrots (Pistta culakrameri), House swift (Apusaffinis), Common pegion (Columba livia) common mynah (Acridotho rostustos), Domestic geese (Anseranser domesticus) and Peacocks (Pavovistatus sp.) Peacock is an endemic bird species of this region and was frequently observed in the study area. A large number of resident and migratory birds’ species have been reported inside the Taj Nature Walk. Result & Analysis 61 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra The diversity and distribution of avifauna in the study area however is indicative of insignificant impact. In local context, there is no any evidence of hunting or poaching in the area. Though, there are less evidences of fire in this area, but sometimes the shelters of animals are destroyed by public interference. 5.10 Protected Area: There is no protected area in and around the study area as per the biological aspect. 5.11 Solid Waste Management Solid waste management (SWM) includes all activities that seek to minimize health, environmental, and aesthetic impacts of solid wastes if disposed off unscientifically. The study related to solid waste generation, collection and its disposal was prompted by the flourishing tourism over the year at World Heritage Site Taj Mahal at Agra. Increasing tourism has resulted in an increase in the tonnage of Municipal solid waste (MSW) generated, posing serious challenges in its collection, storage, transport processing and disposal. The methodology employed in this study included physical observations and the secondary data and facts from different reports. Over the years, the local population of Tajganj Area has increased. The tourist population has increased from 32, 00,638 (in the year 2008) to 65,13,543 (in the year 2015). Sources of Solid Waste around proposed project:  The main source of solid waste in the study area are from visitors, vendors, shopkeepers, construction and commercial activities.  Approximately 30,000 number tourists move towards Taj Mahal from the proposed site on peak time in a day.  Approximately 100 vendors are performing activities in and around proposed site area.  Total 71 shops are existing in the vicinity of proposed site area.  Approximately 100 to 200 pilgrims visit daily adjacent Ashram and Dargah. Approximately 500 to 700 pilgrims visit on Thursday of every week.  Approximately 30 camel carts are moving around the site.  Approximately 75 e-ricksaw are moving around the site.  Approximately 24 golf carts are moving around the site.  Approximately 23 tanga are moving around the site. Result & Analysis Agra Municipal Corporation is responsible for the solid waste collection, transportation and disposal from the study area. The type of bins used in and around Project site is mainly dumper 62 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra placer bins, besides there are a number of roadside dumps spread all over the study area. For primary collection of wastes, handcarts, wheel barrows and tricycles are used. Vehicles used for transportation of waste from collection point to disposal site are mainly ordinary trucks, tipper trucks, tractor and trailer, dumper placer and autotype vehicles. 5.12 Electrical Infrastructure Project site has electrical infrastructure which provides transmission and power to the various activities on the site. The electrical infrastructure present on site is listed as here under.  The electrical power is received at 11 KV with under-ground cable system, which is further stepped down through distribution transformer (Compact Sub Station of capacity 500 KVA).  The HT line is present on the cremation ghat near the bank of the river, in north-east direction of the site and is approximately 400 mts from the site.  LT Distribution – Electrical supply feeds into Feeder pillar from Compact Substation through underground cable. Existing 43 nos. of shops, 2 nos. of toilet blocks, two nos. of parks & Street lights etc. is feeding the power through feeder pillar. All cables for shops are laid underground.  Energy Meters for Shops are installed outsides at the wall of Shops.  Three transformers are existing in the surroundings of the site, the location of transformers are indicated in below diagram: 63 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 5.13 Socio-Economic Profile The social profiling includes the profile of the community living in the vicinity of the site or directly/indirectly linked to the site- hawkers/vendors/vendors, shopkeepers, parking contractors, Tonga, camel cart, rickshaw and golf cart drivers. A sample survey was undertaken to generate data about demography, socio-economic profile, level of literacy, livelihoods, access to infrastructure and services (physical and social), linkages to the monument, etc. using a structured questionnaire format. This data has been analyzed: i) To get a baseline for the site, identification of the DPR components and assessment of impact for preparation of mitigation measures. ii) To identify the Project affected peoples whose livelihood is dependent upon the project area. The various stakeholders of the project identified through the reconnaissance survey, discussions, informal and unstructured interviews and to a extent participatory observation were grouped into two main categories: institutional and non-institutional. The institutional category consists of the departments of Tourism, Archaeology, Jal Nigam, Electricity, Water Supply and Sewerage, Security Agencies and ADA. The non-institutional stakeholders comprise the petty shopkeepers, hawkers/vendors/vendors, parking attendants, owners/drivers of camel carts, horse carts, e-rickshaws, golf carts and guides. From the social point of view, the latter are more important as they are the ones who will face the hardships; immediate and/or permanent. A study of the symbiotic relationship between the Taj and the local community within the defined sub-project area brought to the fore the dependence of the stakeholders on tourist flow. This project will ensure that the concerns of these stakeholders, earning their livelihood from within the defined sub-project area, will be addressed in the final plan for development. The methodology of participatory planning through stakeholder consultation and regular interactions has been adopted to address the issues of working conditions, livelihood, skill enhancement training, capacity building and gender. The social fabric of the project area is predominantly composed of two religious groups, Hindus, followed by Muslims; the economic activities also show a clear cut divide with the Hindus engaged in trading and Muslims largely engaged as Guides, with each group accounting for 75.5 and 13.5 percent respectively A review of the demographic profile of the project area and census survey of the PAPs has put the number of project affected persons at 336. The social impact of the project may be also assessed in terms of viewing the occupational pattern of the project area. The economic profile of the project area reveals that there is dominance of business activities comprising 64 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra mainly of small and petty traders followed by guides, hawkers/vendors and operators/drivers of local modes of transport like horse carts, e-rickshaws, golf-carts etc. Details of the baseline survey and the tourist profile will form a part of the concept plan but a list and number of all the non-institutional stakeholders identified through the reconnaissance survey has been prepared to support our study. Below Table representing the Number of Non-Institutional Stakeholders S. No. Category (Particulars) Quantity (Nos.) 1. Hawkers/Vendors Within Parking Lot 19 Nos. Outside the parking lot up-to West 79 Nos. gate Hunter sellers (HH Industry: 3 10 Nos. families) 2. Shopkeepers of Ber-ka-Tila Market 71 Nos. 3. Employees of Ber-Ka-Tila Market 28 Nos. 4. E-rickshaws 75 Nos. 5. Golf carts (private) 11 Nos. 6. Horse carts 23 Nos. 7. Parking attendants 20 Nos. Total 336 Nos. Below Table representing the Commercial properties affected due to sub-project Details Unit Quantity (Nos.) Total Affected (shops at Ber-ka-Tila market) Number 71 Nos. Title Holders (shops at Ber-ka-Tila market) (allottees) Number 71 Nos. Non-Titleholders – Encroachers Number 00 Nos. Non-Titleholders – Squatters Number 00 Nos. BPL Families losing Commercial Properties Number 00 Nos. Below Table representing the Other PAPs of the sub-project Details Unit Quantity (Nos.) Hawkers/vendors (selling factory made goods within Number 19 Nos. the parking lot) Hawkers/vendors (selling factory made goods outside Number 89 Nos. the parking lot) 65 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Hawkers/vendors (selling HH Industry goods)(three Number 10 Nos. families) Private Golf Cart owners/ Drivers Number 11 Nos. Horse cart owners/drivers Number 23 Nos. e-rickshaw owners/drivers Number 75 Nos. Employees of shops at Ber-ka-Tila Market Number 28 Nos. Parking attendants Number 20 Nos. Below Table representing the Common Property Resources Affected Type Unit Quantity (Nos.) Civic utilities/Sulabh Complex Number 02 Nos. Borings/submersible pumps for water Number 07 Nos. Drinking water tank/taps (RO unit) Number 01 Nos. Others (Police outpost) Number 01 Nos. 66 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER - 6 ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 67 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 6.0 PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS DUE TO PROPOSED ACTIVITIES: This section identifies and predicts the potential impacts on different environmental components due to the construction and operation of the proposed project. It details all the potential impacts on biophysical and socio-economic components of the local environment due to the proposed activities and sub-activities. Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the Environmental Impact Assessment studies. Several qualitative and quantitative techniques and methodologies are used to conduct analysis of the potential impacts likely to occur as a result of the proposed development activities on physical, ecological and socio-economic environments. Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre-project) status of the environmental quality to derive at the ultimate (post-project) scenario of environmental conditions. The prediction of impacts helps to minimize the adverse impacts and maximize the beneficial impacts on environmental quality during pre and post project execution. The proposed project would create impacts on the environment in two distinct phases:  During the construction phase which may be regarded as temporary or short – term  The other during the operation stage which would have long – term effects The negative impacts of the project will be mitigated/prevented/controlled through appropriate measures. IMPACT DUE TO PROJECT LOCATION 6.1 Displacement of People Since the project and its associated activities are limited to acquired and approved area of horticulture department and currently supervised by Agra Development Authority and is free from encroachment, and ready for development of project in all respect, 71 shops are proposed to be rehabilitated. The rehabilitation and resettlement related issues are only in small area of market. No portion of the site from under forest/reserve forest or agriculture land. Mitigation: Rehabilitation and Resettlement plan for seventy-one shopkeepers by proposing new shops on the ber-ka-teela area, as a haat type facility to in order to improve the conditions for the existing shopkeepers developed as part of Social Impact Assessment Report. 6.2 Change of Land Use The development in the entire project area is as per approved Master Plan of Agra Development Authority, hence no land use change is involved. 68 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 6.3 Impact on Utilities During Construction Phase The proposed site is used as per approved parking plan of Agra Development Authority. The existing site has two community toilets (sulabh Complex), out of which one toilet will be dismantled which is situated on the northern end of the site. The Drinking Water kiosk with RO plant located on the eastern end of the site will be retained during the construction phase and will be dismantled once the proposed facility is complete. Mitigation (Construction Phase): Temporary toilets have to be provided for working time use near the site to be used by the construction workers. The existing retained toilet near the eastern exit point cannot be used by the workers on the site as it is a paid facility and is to be reserved for the visitors coming to the site or around. Existing Drinking Water facility with RO plant can be used during the construction work. (as per 215 workers requirement) Mitigation (Operation Phase): The removed toilet facilities will eventually be compensated to nearly twice that of existing number, by the toilet proposed at the same location. The new proposed facility shall be having even more number of toilet units provided as per the applicable standards. The incorporated facility in place of reduced utilities is as under: 6.4 Impact on Tourist Vehicle and Public Transport During Construction On one part, new traffic will be generated for construction activities (for transportation of excavated earth and construction material) and at the same time, tourist vehicles population 69 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra will be substantially reduce due to the temporary shifting of parking facility during construction. Considering these facts there will be no significant increment in traffic volume in the proposed project area. Mitigation: 1. Existing Parking Facilties will be shifted to the existing Red Fort parking area & also at the Land Parcel on Purani Mandi Road. 2. The tourists may either use the Purani mandi crossing entry gate or may go through the Shahjahan garden during the construction phase, minimizing the tourist traffic on the west gate parking site. 3. To facilitate tourist movement E- rickshaws/other non- polluting vehicles will be allowed from Red Fort Parking & Purani Mandi Road to Taj Mahal. 4. All vehicles related to the construction work going towards the parking site shall carry PUC certificate (Pollution under check). Checking of the vehicles for the certificate on the site shall be a practice 6.5 Impact on Tourist Activities during Construction Phase The site is a significant halt point for parking, refreshments and waiting for the tourists, who are approaching west gate of Taj Mahal, and due to the construction work these tourist activities may be affected. Mitigation: 1. All the Major construction vehicles will be moved in non peak time to minimize the impact on tourist activities. 2. Significant proportion of the tourists may have diverted to the Mandi crossing entry gate or through the shahjahan park to move towards the West gate, which will let the parking site to bypass. 6.6 Impact Due to Excavation of Site: Total area is 9550.075 Square meter which is proposed to be cut/digging and the depth of digging is proposed 7.65 meter. The proposed project soil has Sandy-type soil. Total 73535.00 cu.m will be excavated. Mitigation: 1. Approx. 73535.00 cu.m will be excavated out of which 7500.00 cu m of top soil excavated will be stored within site and will be used for gardening and landscaping purpose, 7500.00 Cu.m of soil excavated will be used for Sabzi ka tilla fro landscaping and tree plantation. 70 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 43535.00 Cu.m of soil will be transferred to site of proposed ring road being developed by Agra Development Authority for proper disposal/Landfill. 15000.00 cu m for leveling Ground for temporary parking. 2. Excavation activity of soil will be performed as per duly approved mine plan from Directorate of Geology & Mining, U.P. and mine plan will be prepared by Registered Qualified Person under “Grant of Recognition Under Rule 22 (C) of Mineral Concession Rules, 1960”. 6.7 Impact on Drainage Pattern: A Drain of average 1.5 meter width is flowing along with the proposed project site (about 220 meter length) and discharges storm water of the catchment to Yamuna River. It also carries the storm water of the Taj Ganj area. During construction phase flow of existing drain will be effected. Mitigation  In the rainy reason this existing sewer line will not be able to handle the overflow as the size of sewer line passing near the site is only 300mm dia and can take only 1 MLD load. It can take the load of west gate drain only in dry weather. But it cannot further take the load of the storm water of the west gate Drain during monsoon. Therefore to control the flow of the drain in the monsoon season a Concrete Hume Pipe having Dia 450 mm shall be installed, so that the over flow of storm water coming from Taj Ganj Area. There is a location near Meena Bazaar where the drain is tapped and a mechanical screen will be installed to remove the floating material. 6.8 Aesthetic and Landscape effect During the construction phase, curtain barriers of 4.5 mt ht. shall be put on the entire site periphery which will visually obstruct the ongoing construction work. The length of the site which will be exposed to the West gate road from where the tourists will be passing, will only be 70 mts which will be completely screened-off by curtain barriers, therefore there would not be much impact in the aesthetic sense. The proposal has been designed carefully considering the importance of the skyline of the area from across the river Yamuna in aesthetic sense and the very presence of the Taj Mahal. It was imperative to maintain the skyline of the area without introducing an imposing intervention in the area. As of now, only a small part of the parking site is visible from across the river and the rest remains hidden with the vegetation on and around the site. Therefore, the proposal has designed such as the no imposing structure is visible on the site from across 71 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra the river. The single story visitor facility on the ground level has been kept on the southern part of the site, which shall also be least visible from across the river. Keeping the proposed construction low-profile also reduces the dominance of the built structure within the green vegetated area in the precincts. Apart from this the site will also be treated with landscape design on the available setbacks and the green patch in the front art of the site so as to keep connected with the green and natural environment. The shops on the ber-ka-teela area have been desingned with traditional and raw approach to gel with the natural setting, following the natural contours and physical characteristics of the site. The trees in the ber-ka-teela area shall be completely retained. 6.9 Cultural Heritage and Archaeological resources Proposed project area falls in the buffer zone of two important world Heritage site. The construction site falls beyond the 500 mts restricted zone, which is why regulated construction has been proposed beyond the 500 mt line. It should be considered that the surroundings are archaeologically rich. Although, there are negligible chances to find any archaeological findings on the site as it is only 350 years old, however if any archeological remains are found during excavation, the remains shall be identified, preserved and conserved then and there and integrated with the proposal. Manual excavation is required in such a situation. For the protection of cultural and archeological remains standard guidelines should be followed. 6.10 Impact on Air Environment Existing source of Air Pollution  The main source of existing air pollution in and around the proposed site is vehicular emission and existing construction activities.  Due to insufficient space in the existing parking vehicular congestion is common phenomenon. There is a reasonable rush at the peak times and queue of vehicles waiting to get into the parking site causing chaos and greater polluting effects. Bottlenecks and slow movement of vehicles is a major source of air pollution at the site. 6.10.1 Impact During Construction Phase Potential impacts on the air quality during the construction phase will be fugitive dust and the exhaust gases generated in and around the construction site due to construction vehicular movement and construction machinery. 72 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Emission Estimation In order to assess the overall impact of the identified sources of air emissions, due to various project activities, internationally recognized emission factors for each source/ activity have been used. Emission estimation for each source/ activity was being done by multiplying the emission factor with the activity details (e.g. travel distance of vehicles, open area likely to be prone for windblown dust, etc.). Emission estimation of each of the source/ activity has been presented in below table. Assumptions and sources of information used for estimation are provided below this table. Table-1: Emission Estimation (Road and Area Sources): Source Activity Emission Factor PM10 PM2.5 NOx SO2 CO Fugitive Construction Grading and 1.7 (tons) 0.89 Dust* Earth Moving Activity (tons) Construction Truck Travel 8.8 (tons) 0.88 on Facility Unpaved Roads (tons) Diesel Construction Diesel Engine 0.15 3.4 0.038 2.6 Engine Criteria Pollutant Emission (g/bhp- (g/bhp (g/bhp (g/bhp- Criteria Estimates hr) - hr2) - hr4) hr) Pollutant** Criteria Light moving Vehicle 0.7 0.08 .029 1.0 Pollutant*** (g/km) (g/km) (g/km) (g/km) *Reference - AP-42, Section 11.9, Western Surface Coal Mining - Table 11.9-1, EPA July 1998. *Reference - AP-42, Section 13.2.2, Unpaved Roads - Equation (1a), EPA November 2006. **References - NSPS Subpart IIII (NOx, CO, VOC, and PM) and Mass Balance (SO2). ***References –Auto Fuel Policy. Prediction of Impacts Impacts due to the fugitive emissions of the proposed parking project as well as tail pipe emissions from heavy vehicles to be used in the Project for transportation and fugitive dust due to traffic movement in the Project roads were assessed by modeling projected emission rate (Refer Table 1) of the proposed parking project. The assessment was performed by modelling projected emission rates in the ISCST3. The ISCST-3 model developed by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is used to compute the ground level concentrations of the pollutant. This model has the capability to handle polar or Cartesians co-ordinates, simulate point, area and volume sources, considers wet and dry deposition, makes terrain adjustments, considers building downwash. The ISCST-3 model for continuous elevated point sources uses the steady-state Gaussian plume equation. The ISCST-3 model employs Briggs formulae to compute plume rise, Pasquill-Gifford curves for parameterising the horizontal and vertical dispersion parameters for rural background and empirical relations for urban 73 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra background and it includes buoyancy-induced dispersion. This model has an option to use rural or urban background. ISCST3 model directly reads the output files created by the pre-processing programs and along with source information and predicts ambient air concentrations for a variety of pollutants and averaging periods ranging from 1-hour to annual. Meteorological Data: Surface meteorological data recorded during baseline monitoring was used for the modelling exercise. The wind rose diagram of the study period has been presented in below figure. It illustrates the wind roses for the study period in post monsoon season. The predominant wind direction is from North-West to South-East. Wind rose Diagram Receptors: The receptor grid or network, defines the locations of predicted air concentrations used to assess compliance with the relevant standards or guidelines. The following comprehensive fine and coarse receptor network was used for this analysis: 74 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  In this run 21 grids are taken each at interval of 500 m and range of grids are from (-5000, 5000) to (5000, -5000). This network used Cartesian (X, Y) receptors coordinates. Base elevation of all the receptors were found using terrain elevations interpolated from SURFER software using Krigging method. Emission Rates: The emission factors recommended by NSPS, USEPA and CPCB were used in calculations to the extent possible. Below table provides summary of the total expected emissions from the proposed parking project during construction period and during operation period. For worst case scenario it is supposed that 9550.075 Sqm is to be excavated for 7.65 meters which is main source of pollution during construction phase. During operation phase for worst case scenario it is supposed that all vehicle 500 ECU arrived at same time and all are in on condition which leads to maximum pollution. Analysis Results For each criteria pollutant, the maximum predicted concentration is defined as: 1. PM10, PM2.5 , NOx and , SO2 short –term averaging (24-hour) – the highest high values (for each receptor) during construction phase; and 2. PM10, CO, NOx and SO2 short –term averaging (24-hour) – the highest high values (for each receptor) during operation phase. Predicted maximum criteria pollutant concentrations due to the proposed expansion and transportation in the study area have been presented in the following tables. Table-2: Below table represent the 24 Hourly Maximum (Baseline + Predicted) Ground Level Concentrations During Construction Table-3: Below table represent 24 Hourly Maximum (Baseline + Predicted) Ground Level Concentrations During Operation 75 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum PM10 Ground Level Concentrations during Construction Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum PM2.5 Ground Level Concentrations during Construction 76 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum NOX Ground Level Concentrations during Construction Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum SO2 Ground Level Concentrations during Construction 77 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum PM10 Ground Level Concentrations during Operation Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum CO Ground Level Concentrations during Operation 78 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum NOx Ground Level Concentrations during Operation Isopleths of 24 Hourly Maximum SOx Ground Level Concentrations during Operation 79 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Impact Significance It is evident from Table 2 and 3 that maximum 24 hourly concentrations (when predicted incremental concentrations at each receptor added with the average recorded concentrations during the study period) of PM2.5 and NOx, SO2, and CO concentrations either during construction or during operation will be within the stipulated CPCB standards. Whereas considering the worst case scenario (predicted incremental concentrations + maximum 24 hourly baseline concentrations during the study period), it is evident from Table 2 and 3 that 24 hourly concentrations of PM10 during construction and during operation was predicted to be slightly above the NAAQS, which are mainly resulting due to existing baseline conditions. It has further been noted from Table 2 that the incremental ground level concentrations of PM10 at the receptors during construction period varying from 0.0 to 20.7 μg/m3, whereas PM2.5 levels are varying from 0.0 to 3.5 μg/m3. This clearly reflects that the impact will be confined within and close to the project boundary and transportation route/s and it is of temporary nature. NOx concentration of baseline as well as predicted were observed well within the applicable standards. Incremental ground level concentrations at all the receptors were observed between 0.0 to 0.15 μg/m3 during operation. Other parameters like SO2 and CO are very negligible incremental value. Therefore, it is evident that due to the proposed parking project the PM10, PM2.5 and NOx , CO, SO2 concentration within the project boundary will be within the NAAQS for 24 hourly averages. Due to lack of parking space, approx. 60-65 vehicles ply on road. This creates congestion on road resulting into idling conditions of vehicles. At idle condition, engine speed increases. Engine speed badly affects the environment too. For raising the engine speed from 600 to 1050 rpm, the NOx, and CO2 emission increases by 2.5, 2 & 5 times while idling. This situation will become manageable once the parking provision is made. 80 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Change in Air Quality Table 4: Interaction Matrix during Construction Table 5: Interaction Matrix during Operation Mitigation: 1. Generator Sets will be installed & operated by CNG fuel to reduce the emission from burning of other fuels available in current scenario. The provision of CNG line up to the site will be made prior to starting of construction works. 2. We will use all the equipments electrically driven except 01 nos. of Poclain/JCB. Proper maintained Poclain/JCB will be used & emission will be analyzed at every 15 days interval. 3. The Pollution under Control (PUC) certification will be ensured for the vehicles coming in the project premises at regular basis. 81 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 4. Sprinkling of water and fine spray from nozzle to suppress the dust. Water sprinkler system will be provided for entire site. 5. Stone cutting process will be done in a separate enclosed area having arrangement of bag filters. Collected dust shall be used as a filler material for construction activity at site. 6. Use of covering sheets to prevent dust dispersion at project site. Sand storage will be covered by tarpaulin. 7. Use of covering sheets should be done for trucks to prevent dust dispersion from the trucks. 8. Demolition activity will be done in non peak time (before 11.0 am and after 4.0 PM) 9. Construction waste will be disposed as per the guideline of Construction & Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016 and guidelines annexed to this document. 10. Material storage care should be taken to keep all material storage adequately covered and contained so that they are not exposed to situations where winds on site could lead to dust/particulate emissions. Fabrics and plastics for covering piles of soil and material is an effective means to reduce fugitive dust. 6.10.2 Impact During Operation Phase: The major source of air pollution during operational phase is Emission from 402 numbers of Cars, 19 numbers of Buses, 07 numbers of Midi Buses & 286 numbers of Two Wheelers and considering maximum occupancy, which will increase the concentration level of air pollutants. Mitigation: 1. Exhaust emission should trap and treat in wet scrubber along with water recirculation system for air pollution control and the sludge will be disposed through U.P. Waste Management Project. 2. Two generators sets are proposed on the site and one of them should be installed before the start of the construction work at site, so that all the equipments to be used on the site can be installed appropriately. All the equipments should be power-backed by the CNG based generators except the Poclain/JCB excavator. 3. Continuous gas supply should be ensured at the site by Green gas Ltd. 6.11 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT 6.11.1 Impact During Construction Phase: 1. Vehicular movement is the major source of noise pollution in and around the proposed site. 2. Another source of noise pollution is existing construction activities. 82 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Due to the various construction activities, there will be adverse noise impacts in the immediate vicinity of the project corridor. The construction activities include: i. Operation of construction machineries ii. Excavation for foundations with excavator iii. Heavy vehicle movement iv. Piling and Hammering activities The areas affected are those close to the project site. At the peak of construction, marginal increase in the noise level is expected to occur. Mitigation: 1. Provision of Noise Barrier: All around the construction activity area on the site periphery, about 4.5 meter high barrier (temporary) shall restrict the noise impact from the ground level construction activity by about 10 dB(A). 2. Proper Maintenance of Construction Equipment/Vehicles: Proper operation and maintenance of heavy equipment as well as transport vehicles shall also ensure lower noise emissions. 3. Restriction of Time for Construction Work: The heavy construction and transport activities shall be restricted to non peak time operation. 4. Occupational & Passive Protection: Personal protective equipments (PPEs) like Ear plugs, ear muffs, etc. will be provided to the workers who are handling high noise equipment or stone cutting operations shall protect them from high noise exposure. 5. Servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery shall be done regularly and during routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked and if found defective will be replaced. Vehicles hired for bringing construction materials at site shall conform to the noise emission standards and shall be operated during non peak hours. 6.11.2 Impacts During Operation Phase Of The Project During operational phase, operation of CNG based generator sets will increase the noise level and parking vehicles will also increase the noise level. Mitigation: 1. As regards CNG Based Gen sets, these shall be provided with acoustic enclosures ensuring maximum outside noise level of 70-75 dB (A) at 1.0 m distance 2. Trees with heavy foliage will be planted around the project site help slightly muffle the noise. Proper vehicular management will be adopted to avoid any congestion. 83 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 6.12 VIBRATION EFFECT BY CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS 6.12.1 During Construction Phase: As the construction process do not indulge any blasting or pyring operation and machinery being used for digging are light machineries like JCB/poclain, minor vibration may be generated during demolition and excavation. Mitigation: 1. Vibration should monitor once before construction and subsequent on monthly basis. 6.12.2 During Operation Phase: During operation phase minor vibration will generate from the operation of CNG based Generator Set. Mitigation: Provision of Adequate Structural Foundation to Minimize Vibration: The Gas based Gen sets foundation will be made up of heavy weight inertia concrete block. The Gas based Generator will be mounted on Cushy Foot mounting and the concrete block will be isolated from the adjoining floor. Thus no vibration impacts are expected from the Gas based Gen sets. 6.13 WATER ENVIRONMENT Existing Source of Water: 1. Proposed site have three numbers bore wells of four inch diameter, and water table is 12 Meter below ground level. While one is used for the drinking water purposes, the other two are used by the public toilet located at the site. 2. Additionally there are three nos. of bore wells present in the surrounding area of the site. While one bore well is located next to the Meena bazaar, the other is located near Baba Bodhidas Asharm and the other near Hazrat Syed Jalal Shah Bukhari Alahay Dargah. 3. In addition to the above, number of bore wells are present in the Shahjahan park, and Sheesh Mahal park of Horticulture Department, both of which are close to the project site. 4. After augmentation these bore wells may used in the proposed construction and operation of the project. 84 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 5. Agra Jal Nigam is implementing water supply project in the entire city. In the project area the main source of water is ground water except Tajganj area where protected water is supplied by the Jal Nigam, Agra. 6.13.1 Impacts During Construction Phase on Ground Water There is no significant ground water requirement during construction phase of the project. No significant impact on ground water is anticipated. The detail water consumption is given in below table: Construction Phase Purpose/Uses Quantity Source S.N. 1. During Main Curing of Civil 20 KLD Treated water taken from Structure Structure Dhandhupura STP of Jal Construction Phase Nigam, Agra by Road (12 Month Period) Tankers up to the proposed project site. Domestic (215 10 KLD Ground Water labours) Miscellaneous 06 KLD Ground Water Total 36 KLD - 2. During Sub-Structure Domestic (215 10 KLD Ground Water Construction & labours) Finishing Phase (06 Miscellaneous 06 KLD Treated water taken from Month Period) Dhandhupura STP of Jal Nigam, Agra by Road Tankers up to the proposed project site. Total 16 KLD - Note: Requirement of Water in a day (only working hour) for domestic purpose by considering 45 Liter/Capita. Mitigation: 1. During Main Structure Construction Phase (12 Month Period) 20 KLD and During Sub- Structure Construction & Finishing Phase (06 Month Period) 06 KLD water will be collected from Dhandhupura STP, it will be used in construction purpose mainly curing & miscellaneous pupose after tertiary treatment (to convert from 30 BOD to 10BOD) at the proposed site. 2. The wastewater generated during curing shall be collected in settling tank and recycle the same of tyre or dust suppression. 85 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 6.13.2 Impacts During Operation Phase on Ground Water During operation phase 279 KLD water is required for operation purpose. The detailed water demand estimation is given below: a. Water Requirement during Operation Phase 86 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Water Balance: Mitigation: 1. Rain water harvesting system should be implemented and obtain permission for ground water abstraction from Central Ground Water Authority. 2. Proposed Sewage Treatment Plant should ensure minimization of leakages of wastewater to ground (connections between pipes and tanks should be water-tight). 3. The system for the sludge production from STP should ensure minimization of leakages of sludge to ground (connections between pipes and tanks should be water-tight). 4. To provide water impermeable layer for the temporary storage and disposal of the sludge. 6.13.3 Impact On Surface Water Existing source of waste water generation in the study area is: 1. Waste water generation from Baba Bodhidas ashram 2. Waste water generation from Hazrat Syed Jalal Shah Bukhari Alahay Dargah 3. One no. of RO plant, which generates some quantity of Ro reject water and spillage during use. 4. The waste water generated from two nos. of community toilets is disposed in the own septic tanks and the overflow of septic tank goes to the adjacent drain of the site. 5. Above generated waste water disposed in the adjacent drain of the site. 6. One open nallah comes from Tajganj area is flowing towards site which is intercepted near Meena bazaar by Jal Nigam and send through underground sewage line to Dhandhupura STP for their treatment. 87 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  Two another source of water pollution in the study area are – c. A Nallah is flowing from Khairati Tola to Yamuna river via Shahjahan garden and Sheesh Mahal ka tilla, which is approximate 400 meter away from the proposed site. d. A large nallah is flowing from city area to Yamuna River via Motilal Nehru crossing which is approximate 900 meters away from the proposed site. 6.13.3.a Impact During Construction Phase on Surface Water Wastewater generation during site development and construction activities in following ways:  Approximately 12 KLD Waste water will be generated during curing process.  Approximate 08 KLD Domestic wastewater will be generated from the toilets constructed for the construction workers and other staff on-site. The generation of above waste water contaminate the surface water. Mitigation: 1. The waste water generated during curing should be collected in a collection tank along with settling tank and recycle the same. 2. Waste water generated from domestic activity will be stored in collection tanks at proposed project site and pump it to the existing sewer line. The size of sewer line passing near the site is only 300mm dia and can take only 01 MLD load. This sewer line connects to 1600 dia main line on Yamuna Bank road. It can take the load of west gate drain only in dry weather. But it cannot further take the load of west gate Drain during monsoon. 3. The required size of the sewer line shall be at least 01mt which will be adequate for the sewer line coming from the Tajganj. 4. It has been informed by Jal nigam that the sewage coming to this drain will be stopped once the Taj ganj area is properly connected with the already laid sewer. The time frame is only coming 06 months which means that after 6 months (the probable start time for our construction) the load on 300 dia sewer will be reduced by 40% that is 40 KLD. 5. Regarding the construction workers, employment preference would be given to local construction workers of the nearby areas. Temporary offices would be constructed at the site for the office staffs only and they will use existing community toilets. 6. The wastewater generated during curing shall be collected in settling tank and recycle the same of tyre or dust suppression. 7. Toilet water will be stored in collection tanks at proposed project site and pumped to the existing public sewer line available near the site. 8. Under good construction practices, construction wastewater shall be collected in construction pits and reused in construction activities e.g. wastewater from stone cutting, cleaning, curing, etc. 88 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 9. Regarding the construction workers, employment preference would be given to local construction workers of the nearby areas. Temporary offices would be constructed at the site for the office staffs only and they will use existing public Toilet (Sulabh complex). 10. No labour camps shall be provided at site except temporary sheds for resting and toilets. 11. To prevent surface and ground water contamination by oil/ grease, leak proof containers shall be used for storage and transportation of oil/ grease. The floors of oil/grease handling area shall be kept effectively impervious. Any wash off from the oil/grease handling area shall be drained through impervious drains, Clarifiers or oil/water separators shall be constructed and effluent should be treated appropriately before releasing 6.13.3.b Impacts During Operation Phase On Surface Water Wastewater Generation from Domestic Activities: Approximate 185 KLD Wastewater would be generated as sewage from the domestic activities of the tourist as well as operating staff and storm water during rainy season. These sources will be impacted on surface water. Mitigation: A Sewage treatment plant (STP) of 200 KLD capacity is proposed for treatment of wastewater & treated water will be use for flushing, horticulture etc. The treatment technology of Sewage Treatment Plant will be adopted as per recommended by Central Public Health & Environmental Engineering Organization(Ministry of Urban Development), Government of India. About 185 KLD of treated water from STP, which will be reused for gardening & flushing purposes. This will also reduce the domestic water demand efficiently. Regular maintenance check shall be carried out by the project proponent staff. Hence no major adverse impact on the surface water environment is envisaged. 6.13.4 Storm Water Drainage System 6.13.4.a During Construction Phase A Drain of average 1.5 meter width is flowing along with the proposed project site (about 220 meter length) and discharges storm water of the catchment to Yamuna River. It also carries the storm water of the Taj Ganj area of Agra city hence it requires diversion to enable implementation of the sub-project. 89 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Mitigation 1. A proper drainage system should be develop before raining season at proposed project site and connect with existing drain after realignment. 2. In the rainy reason this existing sewer line will not be able to handle the overflow as the size of sewer line passing near the site is only 300mm dia and can take only 1 MLD load. It can take the load of west gate drain only in dry weather. But it cannot further take the load of the storm water of the west gate Drain during monsoon. Therefore to control the flow of the drain in the monsoon season a Concrete Hume Pipe having Dia 450 mm shall be installed, so that the over flow of storm water coming from Taj Ganj Area. There is a location near Meena Bazaar where the drain is tapped and a mechanical screen will be installed to remove the floating material. 6.13.4.b During Operation Phase Most of the rain water produced on site will be harvested for ground water recharge, thus proper management of this resource is must to ensure that it is free of contamination. Contamination of storm water is possible from the following sources: 1. Spillage of used oil from operating machineries/equipment. 2. Waste spills in the Solid waste and waste lubricating oil storage area 3. Oil spills and leaks in vehicle parking lots 4. Silt from soil erosion in open/green belt areas. 5. Spillage of sludge from sludge drying area of sewage treatment plant. Mitigation: 1. A detailed Rain Water Management Plan shall be developed which will consider the above sources. The plan will incorporate best management practices which will include following: 2. Storm water shall be treated in two ways, first of which is collected from the podium surface, contaminated with oil and grease content and it will be passed through grease trap before connecting to the kuccha tank for rain water storage, and the overflow will be connected to the storm water drain. The other source shall be the storm water collected from raw surface of the site(green area etc.), which will be directly diverted into the kucch tank for rain water storage. 3. Regular inspection and cleaning of storm drains. 4. Cover waste storage areas if existing in open space. 5. Avoid application of pesticides and herbicides before wet season. 6. Secondary containment and dykes in oil storage facilities. 7. Conducting routine inspections to ensure cleanliness. 90 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 8. Preparation of spill response plans, particularly for oil storage areas. 9. Provision of slit traps in storm water drains. 10. Good housekeeping in the above areas. Rain Water harvesting system by considering three streams Rain water shall be collected in three ways on the site, and shall be treated in a different manner for each of the case, based on the different levels of impurities in the water. The classification has been done on the basis of the different surfaces from where the catchment has been done. 1. The roof top water shall be collected through Total roof top area is adequate slopes and rainwater pipes and shall be 2035.86 m2. directly diverted in the boring to recharge the underground water table. This collected rainwater shall be cleaner and using a normal waste separator can be directly used to recharge the ground water. 2. The water collected from the podium surface shall be Total podium area is 7360.7 impure or greased due to the movement of vehicles m2. on it. This water will be filtered through grease trap and then to be collected in the kuccha-tank for rain water collection. 3. Water from the raw surface on the site which includes Total raw area for water the green area, landscaped area and other area on collection is 5260m2 the site shall be collected in the kuccha tank for rain water storage. Recharge pits have been provided at two different location on the parking site and one at ber- ka-teela market area. The net volume of water collected for the recharge will be based on the average annual rainfall in the area and the surface run-off coefficient of the respective surfaces. 6.14 IMPACT ON SOIL 6.14.1 During Construction Phase Construction Phase of the Project, Chemical desegregations and pollution of soil would be on account of spillage of Lubricating oil, water Proofing Compounds, admixtures, sealants, 91 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra adhesive solvents, paints, pigments dye & Primers, Pesticides, Tarpaulin oil used for construction purposes which may impact the soil environment. Mitigation: 1. To avoid chemical spillage proper godown with impervious flooring along with sump and dyke wall. 6.14.2 During Operational Phase In operation phase of the project, soil can be contaminated by leaching of waste water into the soil, dumping of municipal solid waste in open land and due to spillage of used oil from operational equipments. Mitigation: 1. All solid and other wastes from the proposed project will be properly collected, stored and disposed. An integrated solid waste management plan will be developed. 6.15 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Existing Status of Flora 1. Proposed site has a pocket of one hundred five trees and fifty eight trees are scattered in the existing parking. 2. Entire site is surrounded by a thick green belt of more than 100 meters. 3. Site is surrounded by Sheesh Mahal tila garden, Shahjahan garden, Beer ka tila and Sabji ka tila green belt. 4. No endangered or rare species of the plants is present in the proposed project site. Existing status of Fauna  Domestic animals like cow, buffaloes, goat, dogs and camels are found in the study area.  The study area being a tourist activity area lacks any wild fauna however monkeys are found to be dominant in the study area.  However the Shahajahan Park has provided a suitable habitat for indigenous avifauna like Peacocks, Pigeons, Babblers etc and also the mammals like monkeys and squirrels.  Birds commonly observed included Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Parrots (Pisttaculakrameri), House swift (Apus affinis), Common pegion (Columba livia) common mynah (Acridothoros tustos), Domestic geese (Anser anser domesticus) and Peacocks (Pavovistatus sp.)  Peacock is an endemic bird species of this region and was frequently observed in the study area. 92 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 6.15.1 Impact on Biological Environment  Total thirty numbers of trees of different species will be proposed to cut for the proposed project. The detail of different species, which proposed to cut are as under: S.No Name of Trees Botanical Name Numbers of Trees 1. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globu 12 nos. 2. Date Palm Phoenix dactylifera 10 nos. 3. Neem Azadirachta indica 08 nos. Total 30 nos.  Proposed site is surrounded by Sheesh Mahal tila garden, Shahjaha garden, Beer ka tila and Sabji ka tila green belt of more than 100 meter. Hence no significant impact on biological environment is anticipated due to proposed project.  The diversity and distribution of avifauna in the study area however is indicative of insignificant impact. Mitigation 1. Compensatory afforestation shall be done at Sabji ka tila, which has an ample of barren surface with minimum distance of 05 meter between each tree. In addition to this 220 trees are also being planted for landscaping purposes. 2. The total land area of Sabji Ka Tila which can be used for compensatory afforestation is 3.7 acre (15000 sqm). 6.16 LOSS OF NATURAL HABITATS No loss of any natural habitat will occur due to proposed project. 6.17 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Existing Status and Management of Municipal Solid Waste 1. The main source of solid waste in the study area is visitors, vendors, shopkeepers, ongoing construction and commercial activities. 2. Approximately 30,000 tourists move towards Taj Mahal from the proposed site on a peak- time in a day. 3. Approximately 100 vendors are performing activities in the proposed site area. 4. Approximately 71 shops are available in the proposed site area. 5. Approximately 100 to 200 pilgrims are daily visited adjacent Ashram and Dargah. 6. Approximately 500 to 700 pilgrims are visited at Dargah on Thursday and Friday of every week. 93 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 7. Nagar Nigam, Agra placed the 05 nos. of dumper placer bins (having volume 2 to 3 Cubic Meter) inside the existing parking area on different place and 02 nos. of dumper placer bins (having volume 4 to 5 cubic meter) outside of the existing parking area towards Meena Bazaar. 8. Inside the existing parking area, the responsibility of housekeeping belongs to Municipal Corporation of Agra. 9. Every day as the dumper placer bins fills, these dumper placer bins replaced by empty dumper placer bins through Municipal Corporation of Agra. 10. The collected Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) from the proposed site is disposed to Garbage transit point situated near P.A.C. crossing, Agra. This garbage transit point is situated approximate 02 Km. from proposed site. 11. As per Municipal Corporation Officials, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is transported to the segregation unit from this MSW transit point. The Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) segregation unit is situated approximate 15 Km. from the proposed site at Chhaleshar, Agra. 6.17.1 Impacts During Construction Phase During construction phase three types of waste (Construction & demolition waste, Municipal Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste) will be generated from proposed project activities. a. Construction & Demolition Waste Construction and demolition waste will be generated from demolition of one number of community toilet, concrete floor existing parking and 71 numbers of shops at Ber Ka tila, therefore significant quantity of construction and demolition waste will be generated. The huge quantity of Construction and demolition waste will be impacted on land environment. Mitigation: 1. Metal barricades of at least 4 m height shall be erected around the entire area of construction, to avoid hazards, construction nuisance and dust pollution to neighboring population, tourists and the monuments. The barricades should remain until the construction activity is completed. 2. No demolition activity shall be done during peak tourist hours of 11 AM to 4 PM. 3. Dust Suppression measures such as sprinkling of water (to wet the dust prone area/construction site) shall be done at regular intervals to control fugitive dust emissions during demolition activities. 94 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 4. A major portion of construction and demolition waste would be used at the Temporary parking site for internal leveling, internal road construction etc. And excess waste will be disposed as per standard guidelines. 5. All Construction and demolition waste should be disposed as per the Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016 of Government of India. b. Municipal Solid Waste During construction phase Municipal Solid Waste will be generated from domestic activities of 215 labours and staff of the proposed project. Approximate 25 Kg/Day (100 gm/capita/day) Municipal Solid Waste will be generated from the proposed site. Improper Storage and Handling may contaminate the soil of the proposed site. Mitigation: 1. All the generated municipal solid waste should be collected in separate bins and disposed as per the “Municipal Solid Waste Management & Handling Rule, 2016” of Government of India. c. Hazardous Waste During construction phase small quantity of hazardous waste i.e. centering oil, formwork oil, water proofing compound, chemical admixtures, sealants, adhesive solvents, Paint pigments, dyes, primers, pesticides and batteries will be generated. Improper storage & disposal of hazardous wastes will be impact on soil and water quality. Mitigation: 1. All the generated hazardous waste should be collected in separate bins and disposed as per the “Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rule, 2016” of Government of India. The collection bins should be made up of durable material like metal, HDPE, fibre glass and masonry for each hazardous waste separately. 6.17.2 Impacts During Operation Phase During operation phase three types of waste (Municipal Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste & E- Waste) will be generated from proposed project activities. a. Municipal Solid Waste During operation phase Municipal Solid Waste will be generated from domestic activities of tourists and project operating staff of the proposed project. As per the population estimation 95 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra of the project Approximate 14570 persons will visit the site in a day. Approximate 1457 Kg/Day (100 gm/capita/day) Municipal Solid Waste will be generated from the proposed site. Improper Storage and Handling may contaminate the soil and diminish the house keeping of the proposed site. Mitigation: 1. Adequate numbers of separate bins as per the category of waste should be provide at appropriate places in the proposed project site for the proper collection of Municipal Solid Waste. 2. All the generated municipal solid waste should be collected in separate bins and disposed as per the “Municipal Solid Waste Management & Handling Rule, 2016” of Government of India. b. Hazardous Waste During operation phase waste lubricating oil from Gen Set & other machineries will be generated. Improper storage and disposal may contaminate the soil and water. Discarded/used batteries will be another source of hazardous waste. Mitigation: 1. The generated waste lubricating oil should be collected in MS containers and stored in impervious floor along with dyke to prevent the spillage. 2. The waste lubricating oil should be disposed through authorized recyclers from Pollution Control Board. 3. Discarded/used batteries should be collected in impervious acid proof floor along with dyke to prevent the spillage. 4. The Discarded/used batteries should be disposed through authorized recyclers from Pollution Control Board. c. E-Waste Management Various types of electrical and electronics waste will be generate from the proposed project, which includes Personal Computer, Xerox Machine, Electronic Ballast etc. A separate space should be provided for temporary collection of E-waste and disposed through authorized recyclers from Pollution Control Board. 96 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 6.18 POWER DEMAND AND SUPPLY The power supply shall be sourced from Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd (UPPCL). The estimated electrical demand load & proposed power back to be used during power failure shall be as per details given in Table 5.11 given below S. N. Power Demand Detail 1. Maximum demand load 550KVA 2. Power back up 750 KVA 3. Number of Generator sets 2 * 380 KVA 4. Generator Sets stack Height As Per CPCB Norms Proper electrical infrastructure is available near the site to cope the additional demand of the proposed project. 6.19 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 6.19.1 Impact On Human Health Human health may be impacted during the construction phase due to air, water & noise pollution. Mitigation: The erection of temporary enclosures around construction sites, to entrap some of the dust that is brought up during the excavation and construction phases thereby reducing air pollution; proper management and disposal of waste water, and erection of sound barriers around the construction site. 6.19.2 Impact on livelihood of shopkeepers of Ber-ka-Tila market Civil construction works of the sub-project will adversely affect the shops of the Ber-ka-Tila market. The first priority is for the civil contractor to take necessary measures to ensure that pedestrians always have access to these shops during the period of construction of the parking facility. Restoration of the Ber-ka-Tila market complex will require about 8-9 months. The market will not be in a functional stage during this period causing temporary loss of livelihood. Mitigation: The shopkeepers will be provided alternate site on both sides of the road from the parking entry point on the main road to the police barrier where they will be allowed to sell their wares in a regulated way; on tables set up under canopies with daily rotation of place so that everyone gets a fair chance to sell their wares. The Department of Tourism will set up the required 71 canopies and it has to be assured that their number does not increase during the 8-9 months they will be functioning from this location. 97 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 6.19.3 Impact on livelihood of employees of shops at Ber-ka-Tila market There are 28 persons employed by the shopkeepers of the Ber-ka-Tila market, all being employed in shops. It is likely that they will face loss of jobs during the construction phase because when the shops will be demolished for new structures, the owners, who will be allocated fixed places along the road from the parking entry point on the main road to the police barrier for the interim period, will not be able to sustain their employees. Hence, this group will lose its livelihood. Mitigation: All 28 employees are entitled to one-time rehabilitation assistance for 90 days of labour which translates to INR 31,500/- at the new minimum wages of INR 350 as notified by the Central Government recently. The date of Census survey conducted, recorded and reproduced in this report by the consultants will be deemed to be the cut-off date for inclusion into the list of employees entitled for one-time livelihood assistance. 6.19.4 Impact on livelihood of hawkers/vendors Although the number of hawkers registered by the ADA in the sub-project area is 70, the situation at the site is quite different. The hawkers present within the area on the date of census have been categorized into three sub-groups: hawkers/vendors within the parking area and hawkers/vendors outside the parking area but within the sub-project area. During the construction phase of the project, there will be disruption in the business of hawkers/vendors/vendors due to closure of the existing parking facility and taking over of the spaces presently occupied by them. Mitigation: This will be mitigated by temporarily shifting them to other locations within the Taj complex during the period of construction/restoration and rehabilitation of existing facilities. The area near the Neem-ka-tiraha and the pathway from Shah Jahan Park has been identified for the purpose. All the 19 hawkers/vendors presently operating from within the parking area will be paid a resettlement allowance of INR 31,500/- each. The project area limits the number of hawkers that can be accommodated in the new design of the facility as they cannot be placed within the parking lot because of Supreme Court restrictions and also the shopkeepers do not want them to be located within the new market area as they would then be hindering the sales of the shops. The design team of the consultants could however, after much exercise, demarcate space for 50 hawkers/vendors to be resettled within the sub-project area. The 98 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra space will be allotted to them through a draw of lots and the remaining 29 would be provided with a resettlement assistance grant of INR 31,500/-, equal to the other such stakeholders. 6.19.5 Impact on livelihood of sellers of household produced artifacts (whips/hats etc) There are 10 hawkers under this category selling their products from within the sub-project area, mainly on the raised platform in front of the Ber-ka-Tila market. They are likely to face adverse impact on their livelihood as paucity of space during the construction period will not allow a large number of hawkers in the area. As the market will be temporarily relocated along the same road occupying most of the space, it will hit the livelihood of these people. Mitigation: The identified and listed 10 such hawkers, who are presently selling household made artifacts, are entitled to livelihood assistance equal to 90 days of wages which translates to INR 31,500/- each. 6.19.6 Impact On Livelihood Of Parking Attendants The impact on the sub-project will be the most on the livelihood of the parking attendants. Since the present parking will be temporarily shifted to an alternate site. During the construction phase of the sub-project the same employees of the contractor will continue with their livelihood. Another possibility; that of all the parking attendants not being hired by the contractor in the new /temporary parking developed for the period of construction activities is that of some of them losing their livelihoods for the interim period. The third possibility is that of the parking contract being awarded to a new entity after construction of the facility for proper operation and maintenance. In this case, the untrained staff of the present contractor will not be hired by the new one thereby causing a loss of livelihood. The number of parking attendants in the present parking employed by the parking contractor Mr. Dileep Singh Chauhan is 20 all of whom shall be employed by him in the same capacity in the make-shift parking that will be allotted to him during the pre-construction phase. 6.19.7 Impact On Livelihood Of Drivers Of E-Rickshaws, Horse Carts And Golf Carts The livelihood of the large number of e-rickshaws and animal drawn carts presently operating in the sub-project area will be substantially hit during the civil works. Mitigation: As a mitigative measure, these may be shifted to operate from the temporary alternate parking space that will be operational during this period. After the construction of the new parking facility and the rehabilitation of the market, only 40 e-rickshaws, 10 golf carts and 15 horse 99 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra carts will be permitted to ply within the defined/prescribed area and the rest will be moved out to ply on other routes in the city. Separate license will be issued to both groups by the RTO towards this effect. 6.19.8 Impact On Women And Other Vulnerable Groups Women do not form a sizeable number within the PAPs. While some shops are registered in women’s names, only four were found being run and managed by women. Some women hawkers and vendors were found outside the sub-project area; selling their wares in the vicinity of the Neem-ka-Tiraha and the ticket counters. However, the women- folk, children, aged and differently abled among the tourists, form a considerable number and care has to be taken to minimize the short term adverse impacts on them. Mitigation: Dedicated pathways and ramps, well-lit separate toilet and other facilities and covered resting places shall be provided to them during the period of construction. These aspects have been taken care-off in the design of the parking and other civic facilities so that they do not face inconvenience in the sub-project area. 6.19.9 Public Notice/Information Boards According to the suggestion given by locals during the interviews and discussions, the administration as well as the contractor should give prior notice with the details of project, start and end date of construction and contact person in case of any emergency. This information would help them better adjust to the situation and make necessary adjustments and provisions. Additionally, the interviewees said that they understood the inconveniences were of a temporary measure and are for a social cause hence they are willing to bear the temporary problems and difficulties. 6.19.10 SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED SOCIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES The project report of the proposed project for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, after social impact assessment concludes that the project falls in ‘low impact’ category and has overall positive impacts on the life and environment of the people. There is no land acquisition under this project. Impacts of activities identified during the assessment are discussed below: 100 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Positive impacts Rehabilitation of the existing parking facilities and restoration of commercial establishments and shops at Ber-ka-Tila Market will provide better livelihood opportunities to the vendors. Short term economic gain for the petty shops of the area selling daily provisions would also be provided by the influx of the labourers during the period of construction of these facilities. Other visitor friendly measures include better placement of the security staff, integrated planning and management of parking and other infrastructure and transport facilities will provide better livelihood opportunities to the PAPs and a better experience to the visitors to the Taj Mahal. Adverse impacts During the construction phase of the project, there will be disruption in the business of the hawkers/vendors, which can be mitigated by shifting them to other locations within the Taj complex during the period of construction/rehabilitation of existing facilities. Resettlement allowance is being paid to the affected vendors by this sub-project. The project has been designed on the existing parking and market hence there is no land acquisition. Due to the excavation work for the parking facility, there will be a disturbance in the traffic movement. Visitors to the monument will suffer more inconvenience during the excavation period than that during construction. Re-routing of the traffic and parking at alternate site has been suggested as a mitigation measure. Although no road closure is envisaged during construction phase, the excavation work will lead to road blockage, which would result in the commercial establishments and vendors experiencing problems in operating their business on daily basis. As per the feedback received from discussions and interactions with the local community during consultations, most shop- owners and mobile vendors are welcoming the proposed sub-project as they see a direct benefit of improved working conditions. They are aware of, and prepared to face temporary inconveniences caused by construction if the project is implemented in a timely manner. The Resettlement Action Plan ensures to suggest appropriate mitigation measure against the issues/ concerns identified during the environmental and social impact assessment study. All the social issues were studied and have been substantiated using appropriate evidences to ascertain the magnitude of their impacts. Even the issues of public grievances and public notice have been taken care-off in the report to confirm transparency during the project implementation. It has been envisaged that post construction of the new, integration of the renovated and restored facilities with tourist movement, including the 71 shops will provide 101 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra them better livelihood opportunities thereby meeting the project objectives of pro-poor tourism of the Government of Uttar Pradesh. The details are available in the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan. 6.20 PROJECT BENEFITS Employment opportunities will be enhanced, due to the proposed project as it will involve the local labor/work force during the construction phase and operational phase. This would lead to increased wage rate and eventually increase the socio-economic conditions of the local vendor and shopkeepers survive just outside of the visitor centre & parking building in comparison of existing. Similarly, during the operation phase, the proposed project will increase the various business opportunities in the form of food stalls, involvement of technician/engineer during maintenance electrical/mechanical equipments, fire fighting system, environment management system, horticulture practices etc. The key benefits of the proposed project are listed below: 1. The project will reduce the air pollution in comparison of existing air pollution from unmanaged/inadequate parking facility. 2. The project will build the social infrastructure within the site in terms of water supply, electrical power supply, and drainage & sewerage network. 3. The project will provide high standards of security and safety to the tourist. 4. Labours and construction staff will engage during construction & operational phase provide employment. 5. Rain water harvesting system will improve the ground water levels in the site area. 6. Tourist will get the guidance liberally from visitor centre supported by U.P. Tourism Department. 7. At the entry gate and exit gate, vehicle congestion will be minimizing specially on peak season as well as on every Saturday & Sunday, due to which tourist can save the fuel. 8. Tourist (Owner of vehicle) feel relax at the time of entry & exit from parking and their driver can rest in driver hall. 9. Due to construction of this project water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution and soil pollution will be more controlled in comparison of existing. 10. Due to regularization of traffic just outside of the parking building, pedestrians & local single item venders can move easily without any hindrance. 11. Ultimately income of Archeological Survey of India will be increased because more vehicle will be easily parked in this parking building, that’s why it will increase the numbers of tourist. 102 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 103 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER - 7 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 104 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra The requirements based on the analysis and data assessment has been framed for the proposed project, keeping in mind the area and location of the site. The requirements framed are mentioned hereby: 1. Information booth 2. Pre-lobby area 3. Waiting area 4. Ticket counter 10 in nos. 5. 02 numbers of Automatic ticket vending machine 6. Toilets as per norms 7. Security room 8. First aid room 9. Guide Room 10. Locker 11. Snacks counter 12. Souvenir shop 13. Tourist police space 14. Administration office An ideal design had been conceptualized based on these requirements and those estimated in the parking demand assessment. Both of these are based on the tourist inflow data and projected figures derived from it. 105 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CONCEPT Described further is the proposed concept as per the ideal design framed for the facility. PROPOSED PARKING CONCEPT Double Basement Parking Complex with open parking at ground level Ground Level – Open Bus Parking and Facility Centre Basement 1 – Car Parking/ Two wheeler parking Basement 2 – Car Parking/ Two wheeler parking Based on different options of movement patterns and vehicular flow, five different options were worked out for the discussed requirements. A comparative analysis of the options was done each of it having a set of merit and demerits. The exercise has given the most adequate and optimized design. The options are mentioned further. 106 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Option 1 - MERITS 1. Building directly faces the green patch. Ramp is away from the green area, which makes it away from the public spillover area. Thus, there is segregation between the public area and the vehicular circulation. 2. Green patch can be used for spillover of excess visitors. The green patch which lies directly on the south of the building may act as buffer between the west gate road and the facility. 3. Building gets green cover and open land on three sides which is majorly the facing sides of the building. This feature improves the interface of the building with the public activity around the facility. 4. There is a lot of space for returning visitors to board their vehicles, right from the facility exit to the space on the West Gate road. 5. Good enough queue space for the vehicles at the exit of the parking is available in this option. 6. Minimum congestion at the entry point. 7. Visitors coming from the Shahjahanpark and from public transport can have an easy connectivity through the green space in front of the building. 107 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 8. Proximity of the facility center with the community market. 9. No trees to be cut at entry point of the parking. DEMERITS 1. There is a vehicular and pedestrian conflict on the exit area of the parking. However this can be substantially reduced by creating a table top crossing next to boom barrier at the ticket collecting booth. Option 2 MERITS 1. Segregated pedestrian and vehicular flow. 2. Proximity of the facility center with the community market. 3. Unhindered connectivity between shops and visitor centre 4. Minimum congestion at the entry point. 5. No trees to be cut at entry point of the parking. 108 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra DEMERITS 1. Pedestrian towards facility center have a conflict with the buses exiting the parking, though buses are only 28 in number. 2. Building is away from green patch resulting in restriction in spillover of activities. 3. Vehicles are moving all around the green space which is a potential spill over or buffer space 4. A bit less space for queue as compared to Option 1, but still sufficient 5. Building gets minimum green cover on its immediate surroundings. Option 3 – MERITS 1. Complete segregation of vehicular traffic and pedestrian circulation. Vehicles take the rear road for exit. 2. The area around facility center is free from any ramps or vehicular circulation, thus surrounded by green open land, potential space for spill over. 3. Proximity of the facility centre with the community market. 4. Unhindered connectivity between shops and visitor centre 5. Minimum congestion at the entry point. 6. Optimum use of road connecting Cremation ground. 109 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 7. The Taj west gate road will have significant reduction in traffic and the section can be better organized with pedestrian friendly activities like drop out points , pathways etc. 8. No trees to be cut at entry point of the parking. DEMERITS 1. The rear road is not very wide, however can hold on way exit traffic; but there would be occasional conflict with the vehicles going towards the cremation ghat. 2. People have to cross the entire site and go towards north of it, to board the vehicles, or go to their vehicle in basement itself to board their vehicles. 3. The social and psychological inconvenience attached to the dead body procession which occurs on this road going towards the cremation ghat, is a demerit for this design. However this is an occasional activity. Option-4 MERITS 1. Segregation of Pedestrian and vehicular circulation achieved as the vehicles entry and exit at the same point 2. Facility block surrounded by green and open land 110 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra DEMERITS 1. Major conflict and clutter space at the entry/exit point on the West Gate as it is also the space for people coming from Shahjahan Garden. 2. No. of trees cut are substantially more, by 21 in numbers. Total trees to be cut as per this option shall be 41 nos. 3. A vehicular circulation inside the parking lot has to be diverted at the entry/exit point causing a concentration on that point. 4. Boarding space for returning visitors is very less or concentrated on the conflict zone. 5. Parking movement in basement will be difficult as entry and exit are at same place. Option 5 MERITS 1. Major part of the front of the building is directly connecting to the green patch, giving unobstructed entrance to the pedestrian from Shahjahanpark and elsewhere. The bus route remains at the rear and basement car ramp is at the end of the facility building. 2. Green patch can be used for spillover of excess visitors. 3. There is a lot of space for returning visitors to board their vehicles, right from the car ramp exit, to the space on the West Gate road. 111 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra 4. Visitors coming from the Shahjahanpark and from public transport can have an easy connectivity through the green space in front of the building. 5. The conflict area between pedestrian and vehicles is reduced to only buses which are 28 in number, as the ramp from basement is shifted towards the front. DEMERITS 1. There is still a vehicular and pedestrian conflict on the exit area of the parking, between the buses and the visitors coming out of the facility block. Though the maximum capacity of the buses in parking is 28 indicating occasional conflict. 2. The vehicle exit area is being split up, cars coming out of a different area and buses from the rear making it an additional management job to collect tickets from different areas. However it can be managed by providing separate booths. 112 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra SITE PLAN 113 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra BASEMENT PLAN 1 Parking capacity No. of cars – 224 Two Wheelers – 149 Area- 8803.42sqmt BASEMENT 2 PLAN Parking capacity No. of cars – 230 Two Wheelers – 149 Area- 8803.42sqmt As per the concept, the facility has been proposed near the green patch on the eastern wing of the proposed site. The facility area on this side shall establish segregated movement of the visitors going towards the Taj Mahal and returning from it. No. of trees required to be cut as per this design is 35. Mentioned below is the list of the trees which is identified to be cut on the site for the execution of the project. S.No. Specie of Tree No. of trees 1. EUCALYPTUS 12 2. DATE PALM 10 3. NEEM 10 4. KAT SAGON 03 As mentioned here, the ideal design has a condition that it requires to cut a greater number of trees. As it is crucial to give an environmental concern to the proposal, which suggests the number of trees to be cut on site to be minimized. This shall save some trees on the site from cutting and thereby give an optimized design for the proposed parking and facility. The design is thus optimized by maneuvering the proposed basement line at some places in such a way that the trees at those places can be saved from cutting. However, in the process the parking capacity has also been compromised to some extent, reducing it by 33 cars in two basements combined. The optimized design also reduces some facilities provided in the facility block due to the space constraints and limited resources in management of the facilities provided. 114 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra The optimized design also takes care of the execution stage of the project, with planned phase wise construction of the complex, appropriate spaces for the stacking and preparation of the construction material, adequate spaces for the labour-camps and utilities related to their safety and hygiene. Concern is also given to secure the construction premises, such as adequate barricading and arrangement to avoid spillage of dust and noise from the site. This is also to ensure that the construction process causes minimum inconvenience to the visitors approaching the monument from the West gate. As per the Optimized design the trees to be cut have been reduced substantially. The list of the trees as per the optimized design is mentioned below: S.No. Specie of Tree No. of trees 1. EUCALYPTUS 12 2. DATE PALM 10 3. NEEM 8 Explained further are the features of the proposed design which also explain the advanced construction and the adequacy or the preparedness of the design concept with respect to some important factors related to the design. As per the Optimized design, the facilities provided in the facility block are mentioned hereby: 1. Pre-lobby area 2. Information booth 3. Waiting area 4. Tourist police space 5. Money Exchange counter 6. Ticket counter 2 in no 7. 2 numbers of Automatic ticket vending machine 8. Prepaid Ticket vending machine for non-polluting ferrying vehicles 9. Toilets as per norms 10. Security room 11. First aid room 12. Lost and found room 13. Locker/Cloak room 14. Administration office 15. Souvenir shop 115 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra There are some other facilities provided at other locations of the site, which are mentioned further, 1. Toilet facility (also considering the waiting drivers and the maintenance staff) 2. Drinking water 3. Driver Waiting hall 4. Parking administration room 5. Electrical panel room 6. Token collecting kiosk near the exit of the parking 7. Car lift It is to be noted that, the car lift provided for the facility has to be installed with a machine room which has a certain height. The machine room atop the car-lift, shall give height to the structure of around 6-7 mts whereas the maximum height allowed for the site is only 3.75 mts. As the car lift is integral to the requirements of the parking complex, and only the machine room part of the installation exceeds the height limit, approval shall be sought in the same manner mumty for staircases are considered. 116 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER - 8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 117 Environmental Management Plan The environmental management plan has following components: 1. Environmental Management Plan 2. Environmental monitoring plan 3. Reporting Requirement 4. Institutional Arrangement 5. Grievance Redress Mechanism A. Clearances and Authorizations (Before & During Construction) Activity/Permission Applicable Responsibility Technical Granting Rules & Support Authority/Executing Regulations Authority 1. Consent to Establish the Project. The Water Act, State Project Coordination Unit Supervision U.P. Pollution 1974 and The (SPCU), UP Pro-Poor Tourism Consultant Control Board Air Act, 1981. Development Project/ Agra (UPPCB) Development Authority (ADA). 2. Permission from Taj Trapezium Taj Trapezium SPCU and ADA Supervision Taj Trapezium Authority. Notification, Consultant Authority GoI. 3. Permission for cutting of 30 trees at Taj Trapezium SPCU and ADA Supervision Empowered the project site. Notification, GoI Consultant Committee, 0 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Supreme Court of India 4. Concurrence and Authorizations for Local Body SPCU Supervision ADA, ULB and shifting of parking lot during construction. Regulations Consultant other stakeholders 5. Permissions for sewer connection to Local Body SPCU Supervision UP Jal Nigam and the proposed sanitation facilities. Regulations Consultant ULB 6. Authorization for installation of CNG Taj Trapezium SPCU and Contractor Supervision Gas Supply Agency supply and CNG based DG Sets. Notification, GoI Consultant and UPPCB 7. Permissions for extraction of ground Ground Water SPCU and Contractor Supervision Central Ground water for the project. Regulations Consultant Water Authority 8. Clearance / Permission for earthwork EIA Notification Contractor Supervision District EIA excavation for basement construction - minor minerals Consultant Authority/Mines Dep. 9. Sourcing/procurement of construction Regulations of Contractor Supervision Respective material from authorized/approved GoI / GoUP Consultant Regulatory agencies. Agencies B. Environmental Management Plan (During Construction Phase) Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency I. Site Development and Preparation 1. Cutting of 30 trees located in the Prepare plan for compensatory Item No. Contractor Supervision project site. Plantation of 300 trees at Sabji kaTila 780 Consultant complying to the clearance ADA/SPCU 1 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency requirements of Empowered Committee of Supreme Court of India, obtain approval from UP Forest Department, plant 300 trees as per the approved plan and maintain the plantations for a period of one year and ensure a minimum of 90 percent survival rate. 2. Demolition of existing structures (public  Metal barricades of at least 4 m Item Contractor Supervision toilet), concrete floor and others height shall be erected around the No.781 Consultant entire area of construction, to avoid ADA/SPCU hazards, construction nuisance and dust pollution to neighboring population, tourists and the monuments. The barricades should remain until the construction activity is completed.  No demolition activity shall be done during peak tourist hours of 11 AM to 4 PM.  Dust Suppression measures such as sprinkling of water (to wet the dust prone area/construction site) shall be done at regular intervals to control fugitive dust emissions during demolition activities.  All Construction and demolition waste should be disposed as per the Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016 of Government of India (Refer to Appendix). 3. Impact on drainage pattern  To control the flow of the drain in the 2 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency monsoon season a Concrete Hume Pipe having Dia 450 mm shall be installed, so that the over flow of storm water coming from Taj Ganj Area. There is a location near Meena Bazaar where the drain is tapped and a mechanical screen will be installed to remove the floating material. 4. Earthwork excavation for the  Only mechanical means shall be Item Contractor Supervision construction of basement adopted and no herbicides and No.781 Consultant chemicals shall be used for ADA/SPCU clearance.  Metal barricades of at least 4 m height shall be erected around the entire area of construction, to avoid hazards, construction nuisance and dust pollution to neighboring population, tourists and the monuments. The barricades should remain until the construction activity is completed.  Reuse excavated earth for the site development of temporary parking facility (15000 cu.m), for compensatory plantation (7500 each) and landscaping of the project site, and dispose all the remaining excavated earth (about 43535 cu.m or more) at the ring road being developed by ADA.  No earth work excavation activity shall be carried out during peak 3 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency tourist hours of 11 AM to 4 PM and also during monsoon.  Dust Suppression measures such as sprinkling of water (to wet the dust prone area/construction site) shall be done at regular intervals to control fugitive dust emissions during earthwork excavation. II. Air Environment 1. Emissions from Construction  All vehicles used at project road Item Contractor Supervision Equipment and movement of should have of valid ‘Pollution under No.781 Consultant vehicles. Control’ (PUC) Certificates. ADA/SPCU  All equipment should be operated only through electricity or CNG.  Generators shall be operated only through CNG.  All vehicles and equipment shall be operated by certified and trained operators.  Vehicles carrying soil / construction material shall be covered and transported to avoid dust pollution. 2. Fugitive dust generation due to wind  Stock piling of construction material Item Contractor Supervision from stock piling of earth/sand or shall be done at designated and No.781 Consultant other loose construction material. approved places away from ADA/SPCU locations of tourist movement and water bodies/ drains.  Regular sprinkling of water and covering stack piles should be done to prevent wind-blown dust.  Temporary barriers (berms, silt fence or sandbag) shall be erected to prevent spreading of construction 4 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency material.  Stone cutting for construction shall be done in an enclosed and isolated area provided with bag filters. Stone dust shall be used as filler material within the construction site. III. Water Environment 1. Depletion of water resources due to  Authorization for use of ground Item Contractor Supervision use of water for construction. water or other sources of water No.781 Consultant supply, should be obtained. ADA/SPCU  In case tanker water is used, the source of shall have necessary authorizations.  All efforts shall be made to reuse/ recycle water during construction. 2. Contamination of surrounding areas  Concrete for the construction Item Contractor Supervision and stagnation of water due to purposes shall be obtained only No.781 Consultant construction waste, vehicle washing, from authorized ‘ready mix concrete’ ADA/SPCU cleaning, other activities. suppliers.  No cleaning, washing or maintenance activity shall be undertaken in the influence area of the project and near any water body. All equipment and vehicle shall be serviced /washed only in vehicle workshops.  Adequate water supply and sanitation (toilets with adequate collection and treatment) facilities shall be provided to the construction labor at construction sites and other project facilities.  Spilled over concrete and all other 5 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency waste generated by the project shall be managed complying with Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016 & Solid Waste Management Rules 2016 and guidelines annexed to this EMP.  Adequate treatment and reuse facilities shall be provided for the liquid and solid waste generated due to the project activities.  All waste shall be reused for the project activities to the extent feasible.  Waste and construction activities shall be managed, to avoid spillage in the nearby drains water bodies. IV. Noise Pollution 1. Vehicles and Construction  All plant and equipment used in Item Contractor Supervision machinery movement & operation. construction shall strictly conform to No.781 Consultant the prescribed noise standards of ADA/SPCU Central Pollution Control Board.  All construction personal should be provided with ear plugs and other personal protective equipment. V. Land Pollution 1. Soil contamination from spillage of  No fuel / lubricants should be stored Item Contractor Supervision fuel, oils / lubricants from construction in project site. All oils/lubricants No.781 Consultant equipments and storage areas. storage shall be procured from ADA/SPCU authorized agencies / suppliers.  Construction vehicles should be well maintained with periodic inspection to avoid leakages / spillage. 6 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency  Bitumen waste / scrap (if any) should be disposed in authorized disposal sites with approval from the engineer in-charge. 2. Land pollution due to Disposal of  All Construction and demolition Item Contractor Supervision Construction and Demolition Waste. waste should be disposed as per the No.781 Consultant Construction and Demolition Waste ADA/SPCU Management Rules, 2016 of Government of India.  Efforts should be made to reuse the waste generated during excavation of the road. Some measures include  All arrangements for transportation during construction including provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris shall be considered incidental to the works and shall be planned and implemented by Contactor.  Debris / waste generated from other construction activities shall be disposed such that it does not spill into surface water bodies or drains in the area.  Debris/ waste shall not be stored in the project area or roads for more than 24 hours.  Occupational health and safety hazards  Shall comply with the safety Item Contractor Supervision to construction personnel. protocols, Building and Other No.781 Consultant Construction Workers Regulations ADA/SPCU of GoI and Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines of World 7 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency Bank Group.  Shall provide suitable safety barricading at all construction sites.  Shall provide and ensure use of PPEs(Personal Protective Equipment) such as Helmets, Mask, gum boots, gloves Ear plug etc.  All vehicles and equipment shall have safety gear such as safety belt, reverse horn, etc.  All electrical connections shall be provided earth link circuit breaker (ELCB) and earthing.  Shall provide appropriate and adequate safety signage in local language (Hindi) and English at all project areas.  Shall deploy Health & Safety Officers at the construction sites  No labor camp (except rest area) should be set up at construction site.  Labor camp should be established at a suitable place, with all basic facilities such as water supply, sanitation etc. in compliance to BOWCR of GOI.  Shall provide facilities for first aid and medical support on call at project sites.  Shall monitor and analyze all safety incidents/accidents and take appropriate preventive/ mitigative actions. 8 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency “Chance of Find” of items / materials of  Report to relevant authorities, Item Contractor Supervision cultural and / or archeological importance comply with World Bank’s safeguard No.781 Consultant during construction the execution of the policy on Physical and Cultural ADA/SPCU project. Resources and Monuments and Archeological sites and Remains Act, 1958 & as amended Act 2010 of GoI.  Prepare cultural properties management plan (if needed) Summary of Guidelines for Construction and Demolition Waste Management & Solid Waste Management(as per Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016 & Solid Waste Management Rules 2016) (i) Every waste generator shall segregate construction and demolition waste and deposit at collection centre or handover it to the authorized processing facilities (ii) Waste generator shall ensure that there is no littering or deposition of waste so as to prevent obstruction to the traffic or the public or drains. (iii) Large generators (who generate more than 20 tons or more in one day or 300 tons per project in a month) shall submit waste management plan and get appropriate approvals from the local authority before starting construction or demolition or remodeling work, (iv) Large generators shall have environment management plan to address the likely environmental issues from construction, demolition, storage, transportation process and disposal / reuse of C & D Waste. (v) Large generators shall segregate the waste into four streams such as concrete, soil, steel, wood and plastics, bricks and mortar, (vi) Large generators shall pay relevant charges for collection, transportation, processing and disposal as notified by the concerned authorities; (vii) Segregate and store the waste generated in three separate streams namely bio-degradable, non biodegradable and domestic hazardous wastes in suitable bins and handover segregated wastes to authorized waste pickers or waste collectors as per the direction or notification by the local authorities from time to time; (viii) Wrap securely the used sanitary waste like diapers, sanitary pads etc., in the pouches provided by the manufacturers or brand owners of these products or in a suitable wrapping material as instructed by the local authorities and shall place the same in the bin meant for dry waste or non- bio-degradable waste; (ix) Store separately construction and demolition waste, as and when generated, in his own premises and shall dispose off as per the Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016; and 9 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra (x) Store horticulture waste and garden waste generated from his premises separately at site and dispose of as per the directions of the local body from time to time. (xi) No waste generator shall throw, burn or burry the solid waste generated by him, on streets, open public spaces outside his premises or in the drain or water bodies. (xii) All waste generators shall pay such user fee for solid waste management, as specified in the bye-laws of the local bodies. C. Clearances and Authorizations (During Operational Phase) Activity/Permission Applicable Responsibility Technical Granting Rules & Support Authority/Executing Regulations Authority 1. Consent to Operate ( Water Consent The Water Act, Contractor /Agra Development Supervision U.P. Pollution & Air Consent ) for the Project. 1974 and The Authority (ADA). Consultant Control Board Air Act, 1981. (UPPCB) 2. Hazard Authorization Hazardous Contractor/ Agra Development Supervision U.P. Pollution Waste Authority (ADA). Consultant Control Board (Management & (UPPCB) Handling), Rule- 2016 3. Renewal for extraction of ground Ground Water Contractor/ Agra Development Supervision Central Ground water for the project for operation of the Regulations Authority (ADA). Consultant Water Authority project. 4. NOC (No-Objection Certificate) Fire Protection Contractor/ Agra Development Supervision U.P. Fire Act, 2005 Authority (ADA). Consultant Department D. Environmental Management Plan (During Operational Phase) Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency I. Air Environment 1. Emissions from parking vehicles . 1. Exhaust emission should trap and Item No.-- Contractor Supervision treat in wet scrubber along with --- Consultant water recirculation system for air ADA/SPCU pollution control and the sludge will 10 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency be disposed through U.P. Waste Management Project. 2. Two generators sets are proposed on the site and one of them should be installed before the start of the construction work at site, so that all the equipments to be used on the site can be installed appropriately. All the equipments should be power-backed by the CNG based generators except the Poclain/JCB excavator. 3. Continuous gas supply should be ensured at the site II. Noise Environment 1. Operation of CNG based generator 1. As regards CNG Based Gen sets, Item No.-- Contractor Supervision sets and other machineries and these shall be provided with --- Consultant vehicular movement acoustic enclosures ensuring ADA/SPCU maximum outside noise level of 70- 75 dB (A) at 1.0 m distance 2. Trees with heavy foliage will be planted around the project site help slightly muffle the noise. 3. Proper vehicular management will be adopted to avoid congestion. 4. Provision of Adequate Structural Foundation to Minimize Vibration for Machineries. III. Water Environment 1. Depletion of water resources due to 1. A detailed Rain Water Item No.-- Contractor Supervision use of water. Management Plan shall be --- Consultant developed which will consider the ADA/SPCU above sources. The plan will 11 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency incorporate best management practices which will include following: a. Storm water shall be treated in two ways, first of which is collected from the podium surface, contaminated with oil and grease content and it will be passed through grease trap before connecting to the kuccha tank for rain water storage, and the overflow will be connected to the storm water drain. The other source shall be the storm water collected from raw surface of the site(green area etc.), which will be directly diverted into the kucch tank for rain water storage. b. Regular inspection and cleaning of storm drains. c. Cover waste storage areas if existing in open space. d. Avoid application of pesticides and herbicides before wet season. e. Secondary containment and dykes in oil storage facilities. f. Conducting routine inspections to ensure cleanliness. g. Preparation of spill response plans, particularly for oil storage areas. h. Provision of slit traps in storm water drains. 12 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency i. Good housekeeping in the above areas. 2. Rain water harvesting management system should be implemented and obtain permission for ground water abstraction from Central Ground Water Authority. 3. To provide water impermeable layer for the temporary storage and disposal of the sludge. 4. All efforts shall be made to reuse/ recycle water during operation. 2. Contamination of surrounding areas 1. Adequate water supply and Item No.-- Contractor Supervision and stagnation of water due operational sanitation (toilets with adequate ----- Consultant activities of the project. collection and treatment) facilities ADA/SPCU shall be provided. 2. Adequate treatment and reuse facilities shall be provided for the liquid and solid waste generated due to the project activities. 3. Waste shall be managed, to avoid spillage in the nearby drains, water bodies. 4. Proper operation & maintenance of Sewage Treatment Plant (200 KLD Capacity) and rain water harvesting system. IV. Land Pollution 1. Soil contamination from spillage of 1. The generated waste lubricating oil Item No.-- Contractor Supervision oils & grease / lubricants from will be collected in MS containers ------ Consultant operational equipments and storage and stored in impervious floor ADA/SPCU areas. 13 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency along with dyke to prevent the spillage. 2. The waste lubricating oil will be disposed through authorized recyclers from Pollution Control Board. 2. Land pollution due to Disposal of 1. Municipal Solid Waste will not be Item No.-- Contractor Supervision Municipal Solid Waste. temporary stored on unpaved area. ---- Consultant 2. All solid and other wastes from the ADA/SPCU proposed project should be properly collected, stored and disposed. An integrated solid waste management plan will be developed. V. Waste Generation and Management 1. Generation of Municipal Solid Waste 1. Adequate numbers of separate Item No.-- Contractor Supervision bins as per the category of waste ---- Consultant will be provide at appropriate ADA/SPCU places in the proposed project site for the proper collection of Municipal Solid Waste. 2. All the generated municipal solid waste will be collected in separate bins and disposed as per “The Municipal Solid Waste Management & Handling Rule, 2016” of Government of India. 2. Generation of Hazardous Waste 1. The generated waste lubricating oil Item No.-- Contractor Supervision will be collected in MS containers ---- Consultant and stored in impervious floor ADA/SPCU along with dyke to prevent the spillage. 14 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Environmental Component/ Issue Mitigation Measures BOQ Implementing Supervision Reference Agency agency 2. The waste lubricating oil will be disposed through authorized recyclers from Pollution Control Board. 3. Discarded/used batteries will be collected in impervious acid proof floor along with dyke to prevent the spillage. 4. The Discarded/used batteries will be disposed through authorized recyclers from Pollution Control Board. 3. Generation of E-Waste 1. A separate space will be provided Item No.-- Contractor Supervision for temporary collection of E-waste ---- Consultant and disposed through authorized ADA/SPCU recyclers from Pollution Control Board. 15 4. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT The State Project Coordination Unit (SPCU) created in Department of Tourism and is supported by existing agencies (the Development Authorities in each core target area) and competitively selected decentralized teams (Technical Support Units – TSUs) based in each of the project core target areas, in principle in Agra, Mathura, Sarnath and Kushinagar. The TSUs will support the respective Development Authorities, the project implementing entities, in the day-to-day execution of respective subprojects. Social, heritage management and environment specialists are hired by the SPCU to coordinate, review, support and monitor all respective safeguards aspects of the project. The specialists will also train and strengthen the capacities of specialists in the TSUs and in the implementing entities. The project may hire qualified civil society organizations for the implementation of the ESMP. The SPCU and the decentralized TSUs may also be supported by competitively recruited experts in highly specialized areas, as needed. Agra Development Authority (ADA) will be primarily responsible for implementation of the project ESMP. ADA will be assisted by SPCU through its Environment Specialist and Social specialist and TSU in implementation. ADA will designate one of its official as Environment and Social Officer. The implementing team will comprise of the following:  Environment &Social Officer of ADA,  Social Specialist of SPCU,  Environment Specialist of SPCU  Representative of local NGO  Local people representatives The roles and responsibility of these officials is given in Table : Roles and responsibilities of implementing team Players ROLES and RESPONSIBILITIES SPCU  Provide guidance to Social Officer of ADA; Social Specialist  Monitoring implementation activities and make budgetary provisions  Participate in meetings;  Monitor physical and financial progress on implementation. SPCU  Provide guidance to environment Officer of ADA; Environment  Monitoring implementation of EMP activities through regular visits to the sub- Specialist project sites 0 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  Participate in meetings;  Monitor progress on EMP implementation. IA/TSU  Co-ordinate with district administration for implementation Officer  Translation of ESMP into local language and ensure dissemination at community level – prepare pamphlets on policy for information dissemination;  Provide training for skill enhancement  Liaison with district administration for dovetailing of government schemes for provision of basic services.  Report on physical, financial and EMP progress of implementation  Participate in the project level meetings;  Report progress, highlighting issues not addressed, to provide for mid-course correction; NGO  Represent interest of stakeholders during the implementation of ESMP and Representative gender actions.  Provide information to stakeholders and local community and conduct awareness programs  Be part of grievance mechanism FRAMEWORK FOR MONITORING AND EVALUATION The project authority will be responsible for carrying out monitoring and evaluation. Internal monitoring will be carried out by the Environmental and Social Officers of ADA with assistance from Social Specialist and Environment Specialist of SPCU and local representatives. This will help monitor project activities closely. Regular monitoring by undertaking site visits will help identify potential difficulties and problems faced in the project implementation and subsequently help take timely corrective measures including deviations, if needed. Monitoring will start as soon as the project implementation begins and Social Officer and local representatives are appointed / nominated at site for implementation of ESMP. Components of monitoring will include performance monitoring i.e., physical progress of the work and impact monitoring and external evaluation. Indicators that would be monitored related to performance are provided in the following sections. However, if during the project implementation some other indicators are found relevant then those shall be included. NGO with appropriate expertise will be hired for external evaluation of ESMP implementation or the DPR components. A quarterly report of internal monitoring will be prepared by concerned officer of ADA. The monitoring will also provide feedback on community concerns, grievances and requests. Monitoring will focus on and ensure the following: 1 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  Verification that there are no outstanding or unresolved issues with respect to the project  Information campaign, discrimination and consultation with affected people,  Effective operation of the Grievance Redress Committees detailing out number of complaints received and those resolved; reasons for not being able to resolve the grievance and status of unresolved grievances. Framework of monitoring is summarized in Table 7.2. Table 7.2 : Framework for Monitoring Type Indicators Issues Procedure Timing Responsibility Project/ Employment of Site observation, Monthly ADA / NGO ESMP local labor attendance Implementati including women record, interaction on with laborers and contractors Campsite Site observation, Monthly ADA /SPCU/ management interaction with Local including lodging laborers, Representative arrangement and contractors s/NGO campsite facilities EMP as prescribed in Monthly Contractor/SP Implementation the EA Report& CU/ADA Bid document Use of health Site observation, Quarterly ADA / SPCU/ and safety interaction with Local measures laborers, Representative contractors s/ NGO Temporary Site observation, Monthly ADA / Local leasing of land contractors, Representative Process level monitoring\ and house, if any check contract s/ NGO agreement Discrimination of Interaction with Monthly ADA / SPCU. wage rate laborers, labor between male survey, record of and female wage payment workers 2 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Incidence of Discuss with local Annually ADA / communicable people, health SPCU/NGO diseases workers/ health post/ center records Change in Changes in Consultation with Annually ADA / SPCU Forest vegetation forest Cover/ department/ local Vegetation representatives Types if any Impact Level Social safety State of social Police records, Annually ADA / SPCU harmony and consultation with social security stakeholders. Note: No type of change in forest cover /vegetation is proposed under this DPR 5. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL CELL (GRC): An Integrated Grievance Redressal Mechanism (IGRM) based on use of ICT shall be established, with necessary officials and systems, at the state as well as subproject levels. Grievances if any, may be submitted through various mediums, including in person, in written form to a noted address, through a toll-free phone line or through direct calls to concerned officials, and online. All local contact information and options for complaint submission will be available on site on local information boards. Moreover, they will be in addition to the Public Information Officers to be appointed under the Right to Information (RTI) Act. A half yearly report on Grievance Redressal by the project will be prepared. The project will abide by the RTI Act of 2005; it will commit itself for proactive disclosure and sharing of information with the key stakeholders, including the communities/beneficiaries. The project will have a communication strategy focusing on efficient and effective usage of print and electronic media, bill boards, posters, wall writing, and adoption of any other method suiting local context, logistics, human and financial resources. The project however will have a project level Grievance Redressal Cell (GRC) to address the grievances of the stakeholders related to project implementation and project impacts if any. Members of GRC: The GRC will be constituted by the DM of Mathura. The GRC will have local representatives and other opinion leaders who will look into the grievance of the people. It will be chaired by a 3 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra retried officer, who served as principal/judge/ DM/Additional DM, etc. The suitability of the Chairperson will be decided by the DM in consultation with ADA. Apart from the nominated person, the cell will have a representative from ADA as convener. GRC will have representatives of the village residents including, farmers, youth groups and women self-help groups together with representative of city administration. Total of 12 – 15 members will be part of the GRC. Functions of the Cell: The GRC will conduct a meeting in the first week of every month to hear the grievances from the stakeholders. All the complaints will be forwarded to the concerned department/officials within 15 days from the date of receiving the complaints. The issues will be resolved/addressed by concerned officials within 45 days from the receipt of the complaints. All the grievances received shall be discussed by the Chairperson of the cell with DM for the necessary action. The compliance to all the petitions shall be reviewed in each of the meeting by the chairman and the DM. In case the grievances are not addressed by the GRC, it will be escalated to the office of District Magistrate by the Chairperson / ADA. The stakeholders can also approach judiciary if their grievances are not addressed at any of these levels. The grievance cell shall submit a monthly report to the ADA for reference regarding the issues received and the cases disposed and forwarded to higher level. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE: The ESMP will be translated into local language and will be shared with the affected community. The English and translated version of ESMP will be disclosed on the website of Department of Tourism. Hard copies in English and Hindi will be placed at following offices:  ADA  Office of District Magistrate, Mathura Through public meetings, attempts would be made to ensure that vulnerable groups such as SC households understand the process of project preparation and their needs are addressed in the best manner possible. CAPACITY BUILDING AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT Given that Department of Tourism is implementing a World Bank-financed project for the first time, the capacity to address social, cultural and environmental issues as per the World Bank safeguards policies is limited. The Department of Tourism project staff will require training in the management of safeguards issues. The training program is to be coordinated and 4 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra anchored by the Department of Tourism with support from agencies/individuals experienced in safeguard aspects for developing courses on conducting training programs. The course contents will focus on the ESMF, concept, regulatory requirements, environment and social priority issues, project cycle of investments, outline of the ESIAs, management plans and report formats. It will also focus on the resettlement and rehabilitation and heritage policies and procedures, land acquisition process, identification of project affected people, social entitlement frameworks, social assessment, risk assessment and management skills. As part of the capacity building program, the Department of Tourism would also aim to develop decentralized local capacity on managing environmental, social and cultural properties issues associated with various investments. In order to achieve this objective, the specialists will develop a network of technical man power resources such as staff from universities/research institutions, civil society organizations, etc. These persons will be trained during the course of the project, so that they can provide support to the project agencies in conducting the required impact assessments and later in implementing all applicable management plans (including Resettlement Action Plan, Gender Action Plan, as relevant) and also offer support on an on- going basis. The capacity building at the local level for ESMP implementation agency as well as for the monitoring and redressal committee would be done through the tourism department. In addition to the above, DoT program will continue to mainstream the environmental, cultural and social issues within the training programs of State Project Coordination unit and the implementing entities. The program will be structured in such a way that it clearly brings out the value addition and enhancement benefits of proper management of environmental and social issues. Proposed capacity building plan is given in Table No. 7.3. Capacity Strengthening Plan MODULES CONTENT DURATION ESMF  Project Concept Half a day  ESMF Concept To be repeated every  Regulatory Requirements alternative year  E&S Priority Issues  Subproject types  ESIA  Process Outline  Reporting Environmental  Environmental Laws & Regulations Full day class room Assessment Process  EIA process training. 5 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra  Identification of Environmental Half a day field Impacts training.  Impact Identification Methods  Identification Mitigation Measures  Formulation of Environmental Management Plan  Implementation and Monitoring  Institutional Mechanism Social Assessment  Social Assessment process Half a day class room Process  Description of project; RPF, gender training. frameworks; and National regulatory frameworks Half a day field training.  LA process  Necessity for RAP/ ARAP, Gender plan and its preparation process  Implementation and Monitoring  Institutional Mechanism  Grievance Mechanism Cultural Properties  Cultural Properties Assessment Half a day class room Assessment Process process training.  Description of project and national regulatory frameworks Half a day field training.  Necessity for PCRMP and its preparation process  Implementation and Monitoring  Institutional Mechanism 6 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra CHAPTER - 9 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN 7 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN During Construction Phase: Attributes Parameters Locations Frequency Responsibly Supervision 1. Ambient Air PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, as per 03 locations (project site, upwind Once before Contractor Supervision Quality NAQM and downwind direction of the construction and (BoQ. 782) Consultant/SPCU site) – 144 samples @ 2 years then fortnightly construction 2.Exhaust SPM and NOx All Vehicles and Machinery – 144 Once a month Contractor Supervision emissions of measurements (BoQ. 782) Consultant/SPCU vehicles&machinery 3. Water Quality CPCB Drinking water and Ground Water and wastewater Quarterly Contractor Supervision discharge parameters generated at site – 16 samples (BoQ. 782) Consultant/ respectively SPCU 4. Ambient Noise Daily averages of Day and 3 locations–Project Site and two Once before Contractor Supervision monitoring night equivalent noise levels sensitive locations as approved construction and (BoQ. 782) Consultant/SPCU by Engineer-in-Charge – 144 then fortnightly samples 5. Vibration Ground vibration monitoring 3 locations – at site, 100 m site Once before Contractor Supervision monitoring during construction and near the monument complex construction and (BoQ. 782) Consultant / – 72 measurements then monthly SPCU 6.Construction Fitness certificate from Physical observation, documents Quarterly Contractor Supervision equipment fitness authorized service center check (BoQ. 781) Consultant/SPCU 7.Trained Health, Trained HSE personnel with at Physical observation, document All the time Contractor Supervision Safety and least 3 years’ experience in checks (BoQ. 781) Consultant/SPCU Environment (HSE) the same type of works personnel 8.Dust suppression No fugitive dust observed at Physical observation Regular as Contractor Supervision Measures site needed (BoQ. 781) Consultant/SPCU 0 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra Attributes Parameters Locations Frequency Responsibly Supervision 9.Barricades and Minimum 50 nos. of boards at Physical observation All the time Contractor Supervision sign boards for site, site is protected from (BoQ. 781) Consultant/SPCU safety of workers intrusion of invaders and the public (size 2.0 m x1.0 m) 10.Use of Personal Supply and ensure use of Physical observation All the time Contractor(BoQ. Supervision Protective PPEs (Jacket, helmet, gum 781) Consultant/SPCU Equipment (PPEs) boots, eye protection, hearing aid, etc). suitable to the nature of work. 11.Drinking water Safe and potable drinking Physical observation& All the time Contractor(BoQ. Supervision for personnel water to all the personnel at verification with labor 781) Consultant/SPCU site 12. Sanitation Mobile toilets with anaerobic Physical observation All the time Contractor(BoQ. Supervision facilities for workers digestion available at site 781) Consultant/SPCU 13.Access/roads Clear access to site without Physical observation All the time Contractor(BoQ. Supervision blocking access to any 781) Consultant/SPCU property 14.Labour wages Minimum wages act, labour Wage register and verification Regularly/ Contractor(BoQ. Supervision laws with labor Monthly 781) Consultant/SPCU 15.Labour welfare Wages, working and rest Labour Acts /laws, document Regularly/ Contractor(BoQ. Supervision hours, overtime, health and check, physical observation Monthly 781) Consultant/SPCU sanitations, maternity facilities 16.Health & Safety Training records Site observation/ verification with Monthly Contractor(BoQ. Supervision labor 781) Consultant/SPCU 17.Child labour No child labour is deployed Physical observation& All the time Contractor(BoQ. Supervision verification 781) Consultant/SPCU 18.Grievances Grievance from nearby Grievance register, public Monthly Contractor(BoQ. Supervision residents/visitors consultations 781) Consultant/SPCU Reporting Requirements. 1 Environmental Assessment Report for Visitor Center and Parking Rehabilitation at Taj Mahal West Gate, Agra A monthly compliance report to the above environmental management plan and monitoring plan shall be submitted by the contractor to DSC / TSU. On the basis of monthly compliance report from contractor and supervision on site, DSC will prepare quarterly progress report and submit to SPCU/TSU. During Operation Phase Attributes Locations Parameters Frequency Responsibility Supervision CNG based Gen Set at Gen Set stacks PM10, PM 2.5, SO2, NOx, Once in three months Contractor/ADA Supervision emissions HC. (BoQ. -------) Consultant/SPCU Gen set noise At 0.5 m outside Gen Noise level Once in three months Contractor/ADA Supervision set (BoQ. -------) Consultant/SPCU STP Performance Inlet and Outlet pH, TSS, BOD, COD,Oil Once in a month for Contractor/ADA Supervision & Grease performance of STP (BoQ. -------) Consultant/SPCU Ambient Air - PM10, PM 2.5, SO2,NOx, Daily monitoring is proposed Supervision Quality with LED display units as the Contractor/ADA Consultant/SPCU project site lies near to world (BoQ. -------) heritage site Ambient Noise 03 locations in & Day and night Once in three Months Supervision Contractor/ADA around the parking equivalent noise Consultant/SPCU (BoQ. -------) building level Reporting Requirements. A monthly compliance report to the above environmental management plan and monitoring plan shall be submitted by the contractor.ADA to DSC / TSU. On the basis of monthly compliance report from contractor and supervision on site, DSC will prepare quarterly progress report and submit to SPCU/TSU. 2 CHAPTER – 10 BUDGET OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN & ENVIRONMENT MONITORING 0 Budget for Environment Management Plan (Including EMP cost components mentioned in project BOQ) & Environment Monitoring Water Pollution Management S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Sewage Collection Sump along with pump and 6,65,000/- - piping at project site 2. Curing water recirculation tank 8,10,000/- - 3. Tertiary treatment of water for curing which 10,16,000/- Already Included in BOQ will be taken from Dhandupura STP 4. STP (200 KLD) at proposed site in operation 66,50,574/- Already Included in BOQ phase Air Pollution Management S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Natural Gas line up to the project site along 75,00,000/- Already Included in BOQ with supporting equipment 2. Ventilation ducting along with wet scrubber for 2,96,79,961/- Already Included in BOQ vehicular smoke 3. Ambient Air Quality Equipment for monitoring 86,81,150/- Already Included in BOQ during operation period 4. System for washing of Truck Tires 5,00,000/- - 5. Sprinkler System for earth removal/digging 1,80,000/- - ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE NOISE ENVIRONMENT S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Acoustic enclosure for gen sets 8,00,000/- Already Included in BOQ GREEN BELT S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Cost of horticulture & plantation 88,59,907/- Already Included in BOQ COMPENSATORY AFFORESTATION S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Cost of 150 trees plantation at Sabjikatila 82,500/- Already Included in BOQ SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Solid waste collection bins 3,00,000/- - TEMPORARY SHED & TOILETS FOR LABOURS S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Temporary Shed & Toilets for Labours 8,00,000/- - ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE SAFETY EQUIPMENT & FIRST AID FACILITY S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Safety Equipment & First aid facility for 24,30,000/- - manpower and Liaoning with nearest hospital WATER CONSERVATION S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Roof top rain water harvesting 5,72,627/- Already Included in BOQ 2. Water collected from the podium surface 47,01,582/- Already Included in BOQ 3. Water from the raw surface on the site 31,34,388/- Already Included in BOQ CHANCE FIND S.NO. PARTICULARS COST (RS.) REMARK 1. Manual Excavation near chase find object 1,18,650/- Already Included in BOQ 2. Removal of debris around chance find 54,097/- Already Included in BOQ Breakup of Cost for Environment Monitoring during Construction phase is given in below table: Item Parameters Location Frequency Cost (Rs.) Ambient Air Quality PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx. At 03 locations at places in Once in fifteen days @ 13,200/- per 19,00,800/- and around the project site. location (Sampling & analysis charges of Ambient Air for 24 Hours) Emission Analysis of Particulate Matter,NOx Machinery Locations Once in fifteen days@ 13,050/- per 18,79,200/- Construction Source (Sampling & analysis charges) Machinery (03 nos.) Ambient Noise Day and night 03 locations are Once in a week @ 6,000/- per Location Equivalentnoiselevel 17,28,000/- ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE Identified, places in and around the project site. Ground water As per CPCBstandards Ground water at 01 Quarterly @ 17,655/- per Sample 1,41,240/- Location at the project site. Vibration Ground vibration monitoring 100 meters from the site As per site conditions and construction 5,00,000/- before start of construction and near TajMahal plan and during construction Complex (excavation and heavy equipment operation) Total 61,49,240/- Note:  The above rates are as per the U.P. Pollution Control Board.  Transportation charges for above monitoring will charged extra as per U.P. Pollution Control Board.  The above charges are applicable by considering 02 years period of the project. Breakup of Cost for Environment Monitoring during Operation phase is given in below table: (Monitoring cost is considered for 03 years period) Item Parameters Location Frequency Cost (Rs.) Gen set PM10, PM 2.5, SO2, NOx, HC. at Gen Set stacks Once in three months @16,950/- per Source 4,06,800.00 emissions Gen set noise Noise level At 0.5 m outside Gen Once in three months @ 6000/- per Location 72,000.00 Set STP pH, TSS, BOD, COD,Oil & Inlet and Outlet Once in a month for performance monitoring 2,70,000.00 Performance Grease @7500/- per Sample ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE Ambient Air PM10, PM 2.5, SO2,NOx, - Daily monitoring is proposed with LED display Quality units as the project site lies near to world 5,40,000.00 heritage site @15000.00 per month Ambient Noise Day and night 03 locations in & Once in three Months @3000/- per Location equivalent noise around the parking 1,08,000.00 level building Total 13,96,800.00 Final Cost Of EMP& Environment Monitoring: S. No. Particulars Cost (Rs.) 1. Total Cost of EMP 7,75,36,436.00 2. EMP Cost, which is already included in Project BOQ 7,18,51,436.00 3. Total cost Environment Monitoring in Construction Phase 61,49,240.00 4. Total cost Environment Monitoring in Operation Phase 13,96,800.00 5. Final cost of EMP (excluding EMP cost in project BOQ) & Environment Monitoring : 1,32,31,040.00 [Item (1-2)+3+4] ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE Final BOQ of EMP (excluding EMP cost components mentioned in project BOQ) & Environment Monitoring S.N. Item Unit Quantity Rate Amount (Rs.) A Water Pollution Management 1 Sewage Collection Sump along with pump and piping at project site - LS ₹ 6,65,000.00 ₹ 6,65,000.00 2 Curing water recirculation n tank - LS ₹ 8,10,000.00 ₹ 8,10,000.00 B Air Pollution Management 3 System for washing of Truck Tires - LS ₹ 5,00,000.00 ₹ 5,00,000.00 4 Sprinkler System for earth removal/digging - LS ₹ 1,80,000.00 ₹ 1,80,000.00 C Solid Waste Management 6 Solid waste collection bins - LS ₹ 3,00,000.00 ₹ 3,00,000.00 D TEMPORARY SHED & TOILETS FOR LABOURS 7 Temporary Shed & Toilets for Labours - LS ₹ 8,00,000.00 ₹ 8,00,000.00 E Safety EQUIPMENT & First Aid Facility 8 Safety Equipment & First aid facility for manpower and Liaoning with nearest hospital - LS ₹ 24,30,000.00 ₹ 24,30,000.00 F Environment Monitoring during Construction Phase SN Item Parameters Location Frequency Unit Quantity Rate Amount (Rs.) Once in fifteen days @ At 03 locations 13,200/- per location Ambient PM10, PM2.5, SO2, at places in and 9 (Sampling & analysis No. 144.00 ₹ 13,200.00 ₹ 19,00,800.00 Air Quality NOx. around the charges of Ambient Air for project site. 24 Hours) ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE Emission Analysis of Once in fifteen days @ Constructi Particulate Matter, Machinery 13,050/- per Source 10 No. 144.00 ₹ 13,050.00 ₹ 18,79,200.00 on NOx Locations (Sampling & analysis Machinery charges) (03 nos.) 03 locations are Identified, Ambient Day and night Once in a week @ 6,000/- 11 places in and No. 288.0 ₹ 6,000.00 ₹ 17,28,000.00 Noise Equivalent noise level per Location around the project site. Ground water at Ground As per CPCB Quarterly @ 17,655/- per 12 01 Location at No. 8.0 ₹ 17,655.00 ₹ 1,41,240.00 water standards Sample the project site. Ground vibration monitoring before start 100 meters from of construction and the site and near As per site conditions and 13 Vibration - LS ₹ 5,00,000.00 ₹ 5,00,000.00 during construction TajMahal construction plan (excavation and heavy Complex equipment operation) Sub Total ₹ 61,49,240.00 G Environment Monitoring during Operation Phase (For Three Years period) Item Parameters Location Frequency Unit Quantity Rate Cost (Rs.) Gen set PM10, PM 2.5, SO2, at Gen Set Once in three months 14 No. 24.00 ₹ 16,950.00 ₹ 4,06,800.00 emissions NOx, HC. stacks @16,950/- per Source ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE Gen set At 0.5 m outside Once in three months @ 15 Noise level No 12.00 ₹ 6,000.00 ₹ 72,000.00 noise Gen set 6000/- per Location STP Once in a month for pH, TSS, BOD, COD, 16 Performan Inlet and Outlet performance monitoring No 36.00 ₹ 7,500.00 ₹ 2,70,000.00 Oil & Grease ce @7500/- per Sample Daily monitoring is Ambient PM10, PM 2.5, SO2, proposed with LED display 17 - No. 36.00 ₹ 15,000.00 ₹ 5,40,000.00 Air Qualty NOx, units as the project site lies near to world heritage site 03 locations in & Ambient Day and night Once in three Months 18 around the No 36.00 ₹ 3,000.00 ₹ 1,08,000.00 Noise equivalent noise level @3000/- per Location parking building Sub Total ₹ 13,96,800.00 GRAND TOTAL ( COST OF EMP EXCLUDING EMP COST COMPONENT ALREADY TAKEN IN BOQ) ₹ 1,32,31,040.00 ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS VISITOR CENTER AND PARKING REHABILITATION AT TAJMAHAL WEST GATE ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STUDY By ANB CONSULTANTS