E4634 cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv (BGmGgGd) Ges Dc-RvwZ Dbœqb KvVv‡gv (wUwWGd) ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi (GjwRBwW) A‡±vei 2014 evsjv‡`‡ki DcK~jxq GjvKv I DcK~jxq Øxcmg~n wb¤œvÂjxq I mgZj| mgy`ªc„‡ôi Mo D”PZv †_‡K DcK~jxq A‡ji D”PZv 3 wgUv‡ii Kg| DcK~jxq AÂjmg~n cÖwZ eQi N~wY©So KZ©„K ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq| 2007 mv‡ji N~wY©So , 2008 mv‡ji , 2009 mv‡ji I 2010 mv‡ji N~wY©So evsjv‡`‡k msNwUZ Ab¨vb¨ wech©‡qi g‡a¨ wQ‡jv Ab¨Zg gvivZ¥K evrmwiK wech©q| wmWi-Gi Kvi‡Y Avevmb LvZ, Drcv`b LvZ I AeKvVv‡gvmg~n ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| wmWi-Gi Kvi‡Y †gvU ¶q¶wZi cwigvY `uvovq 115.6 kZ‡KvwU UvKv (1.7 kZ †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi)| GB wn‡me †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, wejyß I ÿwZMÖ¯Í AeKvVv‡gvmg~‡ni cybtwbg©vY e¨q e„n`vKvi n‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjv Z_v wmWi Dc`ªæZ †fvjv, ewikvj, wc‡ivRcyi, ei¸bv, Lyjbv mvZÿxiv, ev‡MinvU I cUzqvLvjx mn AviI 5wU †Rjv Z_v PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi, †dbx, j²xcyi I †bvqvLvjx‡Z RbM‡Yi `y‡f©vM jvN‡ei Rb¨ evsjv‡`k miKvi ÔeûgyLx `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ª cÖKí (GgwWGmwc)-wU nv‡Z †bqvi cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡”Q| G cÖK‡íi j¶¨ n‡”Q- (K) cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q gvbyl I cï m¤ú‡`i cÖvYnvwb n«vm Kiv; Ges (L) eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡n AwaK msL¨K gvby‡li AvkÖq MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM e„w× Kiv| we`¨gvb eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni Dbœqb, bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY Ges AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wji m‡½ ms‡hvM moK I GjvKvi †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vi DbœqY mva‡bi gva¨‡g G j¶¨ AwR©Z n‡e | GgwWGmwc-Gi AvIZvq A_©vqb mnvqZv‡hvM¨ cÖKí Dcv½mg~n‡K evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cwi‡ek welqK I mvgvwRK weavbmg~‡ni cvkvcvwk wek¦e¨vs‡Ki wbivcËv bxwZ Avewk¨Kfv‡e AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni cÖK…Z Ae¯’vb, AvKvi I e¨vwß GLbI ARvbv i‡q‡Q Ges GgwWGmwc KZ©„K ev¯Íevqbvaxb Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY †h‡nZz cÖKí ev¯Íevqb ch©v‡q P~ovšÍ Kiv n‡e †mRb¨ cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK G‡mm‡g‡›Ui ¯^v‡_© GKwU KvVv‡gv Aej¤^‡bi D‡`¨vM †bqv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb ‡cÖ¶vc‡U wek¦e¨vs‡Ki wbivcËv bxwZ AbymiY wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ GgwWGmwc-Gi Rb¨ GB cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK Dbœqb KvVv‡gv Ges Avw`evmx Dbœqb KvVv‡gv (BGmGgGd/wUwWGd) cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q| cÖKí/Kg©m~wP A_©vqbK‡í evsjv‡`k miKvi I wek¦e¨vs‡Ki Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK Gme bxwZgvjv cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q| N~wY©So AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©v‡Yi welqwU BwmAvi-Gi g‡a¨ my¯úófv‡e ewY©Z nqwb| D‡jøL¨ †h, eûZj wewkó feb wbg©v‡Yi welqwU ÔKgjv-LÕ †kÖwYf~³ e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q| Avevi AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni m‡½ ms‡hvM ¯’vcbKvix moK I ¯’vbxq moKmg~n wbg©vY, cyY:wbg©vY‡KI ÔKgjv-LÕ †kÖYxfy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cwi‡ekMZ G‡mm‡g›U/AvBBB cwiPvwjZ bZzb wbg©vY I cyY:wbg©v‡Yi Kvi‡Y hw` †Kvb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigvY cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve c‡o, †m‡¶‡Î ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx BAvBG cwiPvjbv Ki‡e Ges cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii QvocÎ Avek¨Kxq n‡e| mKj N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª I ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Rb¨ mvBU wK¬qv‡iÝ Avek¨Kxq n‡e| Dc cÖKímg~‡ni aib Abyhvqx cÖKíwU wek¦e¨vs‡Ki wbivcËv bxwZi Av‡jv‡K ÔLÕ †kÖwYf~³ n‡q‡Q| Dc-cÖK‡íi wWRvBb I ev¯Íevqb weiƒc cÖfve n«vmKiY I BwZevPK cÖfve ewa©ZKi‡Yi mnvqK wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ I.wc/we.wc 4.01 Kvh©Ki Kiv n‡q‡Q| wbe©vwPZ we`¨gvb wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi mxgv‡iLvi g‡a¨ bZzb `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ª-Kvg-¯‹zj feb wbg©vY Kiv n‡e | cÖK‡íi Kvh©Kjv‡ci g‡a¨ KxUbvkK cÖ‡qvM AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e bv| G cÖK‡íi AvIZvq ebvÂj A_ev cÖvK…wZK emwZ A_ev euva cÖwZi¶v msµvšÍ †Kv‡bv Kvh©Kjvc _vK‡e bv| GQvov GwU AcÖvmw½KI bq †h wbw`©ó †Kvb †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú` Dc-cÖKí KZ©„K ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡e bv| †mRb¨ Iwc 4.09, Iwc 4.04, Iwc 4.11, Iwc 4.36 Ges Iwc, 4.37 G cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv| 1 cÖK‡íi g‡a¨ f~wg AwaMÖnY A_ev Rb gvbe Acmvi‡Yi †Kv‡bv AwfcÖvq †bB, hv wKbv Pjgvb Bwm Avi Avi wc-Gi AvIZvq my¯úó| Z‡e nq‡Zv ev cieZ©x ch©v‡q Ab¨ Dcv‡q f~wgi cÖvc¨Zv Pigfv‡e msKUvcbœ n‡j ZLbB †Kej e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg Ges/A_ev e¨w³gvwjKvbvaxb e¨eüZ miKvwi Rwg AwaMÖnY Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| †m iKg cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Rwg AwaMÖnY Kiv n‡e evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii A¯’vei m¤úwË AwaMÖnY I AwahvPb AwW©b¨vÝ 1982 Gi AvIZvq| Zvi Rb¨ Avek¨K n‡e A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb ¯’vcb msµvšÍ e¨vsK Iwc 4.12| cÖKífy³ †Rjvi Awaevmx‡`i g‡a¨ wKQz msL¨K DcRvZxq gvbyl i‡q‡Q hv‡`i fvlv I ms¯‹…wZ ¯^Zš¿| wKš‘ Zviv RbM‡Yi g~j‡mªv‡Zi m‡½ wg‡k Av‡Q RxweKv, f~wgi ivqwZ¯^Ë¡ I ivR‰bwZK cÖwZôv‡bi Kvi‡Y| cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡Y DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡e bv e‡j Avkv Kiv n‡”Q| Z‡e Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwô msµvšÍ e¨vs‡Ki bxwZ (Iwc/wewc 4.10) cÖK‡íi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki Kiv n‡q‡Q| GgwWGmwc-Gi cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒc‡Yi j‡¶¨ gvV mgx¶v, wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i m‡½ civgk©, †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbv (GdwRwW), Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc-Gi BG wi‡cv‡U©i ch©v‡jvPbv BZ¨vw` m¤úbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q| `yÕwU cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖviw¤¢K cÖKí mvB‡U (wbg©vY/cyY:wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mwVK Ae¯’vb GLbI mbv³ Kiv nq wb) gvV cwi`k©b Kiv n‡q‡Q m¤¢ve¨ we‡ePbvi j‡¶¨ Ges BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq wZbwU mgvß cÖK‡íi gvV cwi`k©b m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| bw_fy³ ch©v‡jvPbvq evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii (wRIwe) we`¨gvb bxwZgvjv, AvBbmg~n, c×wZ I AvPiYmg~n Ges cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK i¶vKeP msµvšÍ wek¦e¨vs‡Ki cwiPvjb bxwZgvjvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv (BGgGd) Abyhvqx wbg©vY Kv‡Ri c~‡e© BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq cÖwZwU Kv‡Ri cwi‡ekMZ Ae¯’v wbiƒcY m¤úbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZwU Dc-cÖK‡í †eBRjvBb Rwic Pvjv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges mvBU wfwËK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GjwRBwWi Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjx I Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx Ges civgk©K wU‡gi gvV AvevwmK cÖ‡KŠkjx (GdAviB) g~jZ evQvB KvR m¤úbœ K‡ib Ges wWRvBb I mycviwfkb Kb&mvjU¨v‡›Ui cwi‡ek we‡klÁ evQvB dig¨vU Aby‡gv`b K‡ib| AwaKvsk w¯Œwbs †PKwj‡÷ ejv n‡q‡Q †h Dc-cÖKímg~n GjvKvi †fŠZ I mvgvwRK cwi‡e‡ki Dci wbg©vY c~e©Kv‡j, wbg©vYKv‡j I wbg©vY cieZ©xKv‡j †Kv‡bv cÖKvi weiƒc cÖfve †d‡j wb| BwmAviAviwc-Gi Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni cÖavb cÖavb cwi‡ekMZ welq¸wj mvBUwfwËK, mvgwqK I wbg©vYKvR m¤úwK©Z| welq¸wj g~jZ n‡”Q a~wjKYv, kã, eR©¨ AcmviY, cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb, †Wª‡bR I Rjve×Zv, gRyZKi‡Y wbivcËvg~jK c`‡¶c Ges wbg©vYRwbZ I mvB‡Ui gRyZK…Z ¯‘‡ci cwienb| cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc)-Gi e¨qfvi wbY©xZ n‡q‡Q Ges Zv `icÎ `wj‡ji mywbw`©ó eY©bvq AšÍf©y³ n‡q‡Q| gvVKg©xMY KZ©„K NbNb gvV cwi`k©b I wbweo ZË¡veavb BGgwc ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ K‡i| Dciš‘, wcwmGgBD-Gi Aax‡b gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb civgk©K (GgGÛB) BG ch©v‡jvPbv I mvgwMÖKfv‡e BGgGd ev¯Íevqb Z`viwKi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡eb| g~j cÖK‡íi cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡b G ch©šÍ †Kv‡bv D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwi‡ek msKU †`Lv †`q wb e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q| Gg GÛ B civgk©K weÁwßi gva¨‡g Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, N~wY©So AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ ‡ek K‡qKwU BAvBG wi‡cvU© cvIqv †M‡Q mswkøó wbg©vYKvR ïiæ Kivi Av‡MB| h_v mg‡q BG wi‡cvU© cÖYqb I ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv Ges BGgwc ev¯Íevqb gwbUwis Kivi wel‡q AwaKZi g‡bv‡hvM wb‡e‡ki Avek¨KZv i‡q‡Q| 2 cwi‡ekMZ welqwU m¤ú‡K© AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk wbwðZ Kiv hv‡e hw` cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Z`viwKi e¨vcv‡i gvVKg©xM‡Yi KvwiMix AwfÁZv _v‡K Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~Px Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| eûgyLx `~‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ª cÖK‡íi mydjmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- (1) N~wY©So mn †h †Kv‡bv `y‡h©v‡M cÖKí myweav †fvMx‡`i Rb¨ wbivc` AvkÖq wbwðZ Kiv (2) eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡n Dc‡hvMx wk¶vqZwbK cwi‡ek Ges †kÖwYK‡¶ ch©vß ¯’vb msKzjvb Kiv, (3) eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡n wkï‡`i wk¶vi Dc‡hvMx DbœZ gv‡bi wk¶vqZwbK myweavw` wbwðZ Kiv, Ges (4) †h †Kv‡bv `y‡h©vM Kv‡j Dc`ªæZ †jvKRb Zv‡`i Mevw` cï¸wj‡K †hb wbivc` AvkÖ‡q mwi‡q †dj‡Z cv‡i| `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~n eivei ms‡hvM moK I mn‡hvMx ¯’vcbvmg~n _vK‡e hv‡Z K‡i AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n wbivc‡` †cŠQv‡bv hvq| e¨enviKvix‡`i Rb¨ Gme e¨e¯’v LyeB Dc‡hvMx n‡e, we‡kl K‡i el©v †gŠmy‡g wk¶v_©xiv ¯^v”Q›`¨ Abyfe Ki‡e| cï m¤ú‡`i AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ e¨e¯’vq †ek wKQz msL¨K Mev`x cï I Ab¨ cÖvwYi Rxeb i¶v Kiv hv‡e| mvBU Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ I m¤úªmvi‡Yi Rb¨ f~wg e¨envi cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv n‡e Ges e„¶ †ivcb Kiv n‡e| AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni A½xf~Z e¨e¯’vw`i meB cwi‡ek we‡ePbv cÖm~Z| Gme Av‡qvRb Riæix Ae¯’vq Ges ¯^vfvweK mg‡q ¯‹zj Kvh©µ‡g e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i| Gme Av‡qvR‡bi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ¯^”Q R¡vjvbxi Rb¨ †mŠi c¨v‡bj myweav| N~wY©So PjvKv‡j I c‡i me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Pvwn`v n‡”Q cvbxq R‡ji cÖvc¨Zv| GwU AviI †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y© G Kvi‡Y †h f~cwi¯’ cvwb cÖvqkt jeYv³ n‡q _v‡K Ges †¶Î we‡k‡l n¯ÍPvwjZ bjK~‡ci cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wb‡Ki mÜvb cvIqv hvq| G cwiw¯’wZ wbimbK‡í AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡n wbivc` my‡cq cvwbi Rb¨ D”PZi gvPv‡b bjK~c emv‡bv n‡e| AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n e„wói cvwb msiÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v _vK‡e| Zvr¶wYK wPwKrmv †mev cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZwU AvkÖq†K‡›`ª cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi miÄvgvw` _vK‡e Ges AvkÖq MÖnYKv‡j Mf©eZx gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ Avjv`v Ni _vK‡e| GQvov ¸`vg Ni _vK‡e †hLv‡b wew¶ßfv‡e c‡o _vKv gvjvgvj ¸`vgRvZ K‡i cwi‡ek mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejv Kiv n‡e| mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒc‡Yi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e (1) mydj‡fv³v wbiƒcY, (2) †÷K†nvìvi‡`i we‡kølY Ges (3) cÖfvemg~n wbiƒcY| mydj‡fv³v wbiƒc‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ cÖKí GjvKvq †eBRjvBb Av_©-mvgvwRK iƒc‡iLv wbY©q Kiv; cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡M ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi `y`©kv I AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Dcjwä Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| `y‡h©vMcÖeY 9wU †Rjv, †hLv‡b AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~n wbg©v‡Yi cÖ¯Íve i‡q‡Q, †m¸wj cÖKí GjvKv wn‡m‡e M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒcY bgybv Ae¯’vbmg~‡ni mydj‡fv³v‡`i mbv³ K‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡`i m‡½ gZ wewbgq mv‡c‡¶ Zv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv, mgm¨v I DrKÚv Dcjwä Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q| mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒc‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖfve wbiƒcY I SzuwK we‡køl‡Yi welq¸wjI AšÍf©y³| Gme e¨e¯’v cÖ‡qvM K‡i mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv wWRvBb Kiv n‡q‡Q mvgvwRK Dbœqb I i¶vKeP cÖm½ ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨| G fv‡eB cÖKí †_‡K D™¢~Z w¯’wZkxj BwZevPK mydjvw`‡Z Ae`vb ivLv n‡”Q| eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~n I AvkÖq †K›`ªvwfgy‡L ms‡hvM moKmg~n wbg©vY I cyYtms¯‹v‡ii gva¨‡g 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjvi 7420 wU cjøx MÖv‡gi Awaevmxiv mydj †fvM Ki‡eb| 35 jvL MÖvgxY cwiev‡ii cÖvq 1 †KvwU 70 jvL gvby‡li Rb¨ `y‡h©vMKv‡j ch©vqµ‡g wbivc` AvkÖq MÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v †bqv n‡q‡Q| cÖKí GjvKvi †gvU RbmsL¨v 2 †KvwU 29 jvL, hvi g‡a¨ 1 †KvwU 16 jvL bvix Ges 49 nvRvi 531 Rb DcRvZxq m¤úª`vqfz³| cÖKí ev¯Íevqb m¤úwK©Z mvgvwRK welqvw`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q :(1) mvBU wbe©vPb, wWRvBbI wbg©vY Kv‡R weiƒc mvgvwRK cÖfve Gwo‡q Pjv; (2) cÖKí wb‡qvwRZ †jvKRb, myax mgvR I ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i AskMÖnY; (3) we‡kl K‡i bvix I msL¨vjNy eY©‡Mvwô mn `wi`ª I `y`©kvMÖ¯Í gvbyl; AšÍf©y³ (4) Awbevh© weiƒc mvgvwRK 3 cÖfvemg~n I wbimY mbv³KiY; (5) wbg©vYKvjxb mvgvwRK we‡iva I Awf‡hvM e¨e¯’vcbv; (6) cÖavb †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i `¶Zv e„w×; (7) †RÛvi cÖm½ I Kgy¨wbwU Pvwn`v †gvKv‡ejv Kiv; Ges (8) Gme welqvw` †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM| D‡`¨vMx wk¶vqZb I mvgvwRK cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni we`¨gvb wbR¯^ Rwg‡Z bZzb AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~n wbg©vY Ges we`¨gvb AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni Avbyf~wgK m¤úªmviY m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e Avi ¯’vbxq Awaevmx KZ©„K mbv³K„Z we`¨gvb msiw¶Z moK AvkÖq †K›`ªvwfgy‡L ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ e¨eüZ n‡e | cÖK‡íi Aax‡b f~wg AwaMÖnY A_ev Rbgvbe Acmvi‡Yi †Kv‡bv AwfcÖvq †bB| Hw”QK mg‡SvZvi Av‡jv‡K AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv Rwg MÖnY Kiv n‡e Ges we`¨gvb †Kv‡bv miKvix Rwgi Ab¨vq `Lj †ivwnZ Kiv n‡e | mivmwi µ‡qi gva¨‡gI Rwg msMÖn Kiv hv‡e (AvMÖnx †µZv-we‡µZv mg‡SvZvq) Ges wewbgq A_ev D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvb wKsev ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvwô KZ…©K cÖvß ¶wZc~i‡Yi wecix‡Z m¤úª`v‡bi gva¨‡g Rwg msMÖn Kiv hv‡e| Z‡e mxgvwšÍK Pvwn`vi Pig cwiw¯’wZ‡Z PzovšÍ e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e GjwRBwW A‰bw”QK AwaMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g Rwg msMÖn Ki‡Z cvi‡e| cÖKífy³ †Rjvmg~‡ni DcRvZxq Awaevmx‡`i wbR¯^ ¯^Kxq fvlv I ms¯‹…wZ i‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Zviv RvZxq fvlv evsjvq K_v ej‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡`i †ewki fvMB †eŠ× ag©vej¤^x (G‡`‡ki Z…Zxq ag©), wKš‘ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Avevi wKq`sk wewfbœ ai‡bi ms¯‹vi I kw³‡Z wek¦vmx| G DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi mgwóMZ f~wg AwaKvi †bB| Zv‡`i e¨w³MZ f~wg AwaKvi i‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i ¯^Kxq DËivwaKvi bxwZ Abyhvqx Zviv ˆcZ…K f~wg DËivwaKvim~‡Î jvf K‡i _v‡K| m‡e©vcwi Zviv miKv‡ii f~wg ivR¯^ cÖ_v Abyhvqx Rwgi LvRbv cwi‡kva K‡i _v‡K| Zviv f~wg e`j (µq A_ev weµq) Ki‡Z cv‡i †K›`ªxq f~wg e`j msµvšÍ AvBbx KvVv‡gv Abyhvqx| hw`I K‡qK ai‡Yi mbvZbx Awf‡hvM wbimb e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ i‡q‡Q, DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi †Kvb wbR¯^ ivR‰bwZK I cÖkvmwbK cÖwZôvb †bB| cÖK‡íi †Kv‡bv Kvh©Kjvc ïiæ Kivi Av‡M ¯’vbxq DcRvwZ †Mvwôi RbmsL¨v wba©viY Ges DcRvZxq I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvwôi AšÍf©yw³i cÖ‡kœ Ae¯’v wbiƒcY Kvh©µg m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e| GgwWGmwc-Gi AvIZvq A_©cyó mKj Dc-cÖKí cwi‡ekMZ ¯Œxwbs-Gi gy‡LvgywL n‡e hv‡Z K‡i cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡Y ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †bwZevPK cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve †iva Kiv hvq| cwi‡ekMZ ¯Œxwbs AvBBB-Gi Ask we‡kl| cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs-Gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q cÖK‡íi cieZ©x wWRvBb cÖYq‡bi c~‡e©B cÖvmw½K welqvw` †gvKv‡ejv Kiv Ges GB g‡g© wbwðZ Kiv †h cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n wbim‡Yi Kv‡R A_ev cwi‡ekMZ my‡hvM myweav e„w×i Rb¨ ev‡RU eivÏ Av‡Q| AvBBB/BAvBG (BGgwcmn) Gi cwiPvjbvi j‡¶¨ Ab¨Zg cÖavb Kvh©vejxi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q : (1) cwi‡ekMZ ¯Œxwbs (m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvemg~‡ni mbv³KiY), (2) cvwicvwk¦©K cwi‡e‡ki eY©bv †eBRjvBb cwi‡ekÕ cÖwZôv Kiv hvi wfwˇZ cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖK‡íi cÖfvemg~n g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e; (3) weKímg~‡ni we‡kølY (4) wbg©vY I cwiPvjb Kv‡j cÖavb cÖavb Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci mbv³KiY; (5) †eBRjvBb cwi‡e‡ki Dci cÖavb cÖavb cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci cÖfvemg~‡ni wbiƒcb, c~e©vfvm I g~j¨vqb; (6) Rb civgk© Av‡qvRb Kiv; (7) cwi‡ekMZ AvPiYwewa (BwmIwc) cÖYqb; Ges (8) wbimb c`‡¶cmg~n mbv³KiY Ges gwbUwis Pvwn`vmn cÖfve wfwËK cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) cÖYqb| BGgGd-Gi g‡a¨ G RvZxq cÖwZwU D‡Ïk¨‡hvM¨ Kv‡Ri Rb¨ we¯ÍvwiZ wb‡`©wkKv Dc¯’vwcZ nq | AvBBB hw` ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfv‡ei mÜvb cvq, Zvn‡j †mB Dc-cÖK‡íi Rb¨ we¯ÍvwiZ cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve wbiƒcY m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e| mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒcY c×wZ cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q A‰bw”QK cyb©evmb ¯’vcb msµvšÍ e¨vsK Iwc 4.12 Abymi‡Y Ges f~wg AwaMÖnY msµvšÍ evsjv‡`‡ki we`¨gvb AvBbx KvVv‡gv Aej¤^‡b| cÖKí ev¯Íevqb ch©v‡q D™¢~Z mvgvwRK i¶v Ke‡Pi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖKv‡ki welqvejx †gvKv‡ejvi wbwg‡Ë Ges G‡nb cÖwµqvq mvgvwRK Abyl½ wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ G `wjj GjwRBwW‡K wb‡`©wkKv `vb Ki‡e| GjwRBwW mvBU wbe©vPb, Dc-cÖKí wWRvBb Dc-cÖK‡íi Rb¨ f~wg cÖvwßi c×wZ m¤úwK©Z mvgvwRK welqvw` wbiƒcY Ki‡e, mKj Dc-cÖKí c¨v‡K‡Ri 4 Rb¨ mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cÖKí (GmGgwc) cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ cÖKí Kvh©Kjvcmg~‡ni cÖfve mbv³ Ki‡e Ges cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvwô I ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i Awf‡hvM I cÖ¯Ívebvmg~n MÖnY Kiv Ges Dc-cÖKí m¤úwK©Z Awf‡hvMmg~n wb¯úwË Kivi j‡¶¨ m¤§Z mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒcY c×wZ Aej¤^‡b cyb©evmb ¯’vcb Kg© cwiKíbv (AviGwc) cÖYqb Ki‡e | cÖwZwU Dc-cÖKí mvB‡U GKwU K‡i Awf‡hvM wbimb †KŠkj (wRAviGg) ¯’vcb Kiv n‡e| wbg©vY I cwiPvjbv ch©vqwfwËK cÖfvemg~‡ni Dci cÖYxZ GKwU e¨vcK cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) wbg©vY I cwiPvjbv ch©vqKvjxb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfvemg~n e¨e¯’vcbvi h‡_vchy³ e¨e¯’v| wewfbœ Dc-cÖKí Dcvskmg~‡ni Rb¨ ÒmvaviY we‡klZ¡Ó I Òwbw`©ó we‡klZ¡Ó e¨wZ‡i‡K BGgwc-Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ i‡q‡Q we‡kl cwi‡ek avivmg~n (GmBwm), †h¸wj mvaviY/wbw`©ó we‡kl‡Z¡i AvIZvq `icÎ `wj‡j mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡e| Gme avivi j¶¨ n‡”Q GB g‡g© wbwðZ Kiv †h wVKv`viMY cwi‡ek I wbivcËv c`‡¶cmg~n Aej¤^‡b BGgwc ev¯Íevq‡bi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb| †h‡nZz †ewki fvM wVKv`v‡ii cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Avek¨KZv m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYv †bB, †mBRb¨ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv wVKv`vi BGgwc ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ wb¤œ `icÎ Rgv w`‡q _v‡Kb Ges cwiYwZ‡Z Zviv wWRvBb Abyhvqx BGgwc ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| G ai‡bi mgm¨vi Rb¨ BGgwc ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ wbw`©ó ev‡RU D‡jøL Kiv n‡e| `icÎ `vwL‡ji c~‡e© Av‡qvwRZ mfvq wVKv`vi‡`i‡K BGgwc Gi Pvwn`v m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GgwWGmwc-2-Gi `¶Zv e„w×i j‡¶¨ AvBwmwU gwbUwis cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e| AvBwmwU gwbUwis n‡”Q wbg©vY Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ gwbUwis Kiv, ¸YMZ gvb wba©vi‡Y `„k¨gvb cÖwZiƒc cÖYqb Kiv Ges ZË¡veav‡bi j‡¶¨ GjwRBwW cÖ‡KŠkjxMY I wek¦e¨vsK wUg KZ©„K cwiPvwjZ cwi`k©‡bi msL¨v I †cŠbt†cŠwbKZv wbiƒc‡Yi GKK e¨e¯’v | mxwgZ m¤ú‡`i g‡a¨ cÖKí Kvh© m¤úv`‡bi Avf¨šÍixb I ev¯ÍewPÎ AvBwmwU gwbUwis-Gi gva¨‡g cvIqv hv‡e| Gi d‡j AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni wPwýZ mgm¨v¸wj D‡b¥vwPZ n‡e, wbg©vY cÖwµqvq ¯^”QZv cÖwZcvwjZ n‡e Ges Z`viwK wUg I wVKv`viMY‡K DØy× Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvaxb eûgyLx N~wY©So AvkÖq‡K›`ª Kg©m~wPi Dbœqb I e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ we`¨gvb cÖKí e¨e¯’vcbv BDwbU (wcGgBD) n‡”Q GgwWGmwc-Gi cÖ¯ÍvweZ wcGgBD| G‡K kw³kvjx Kiv n‡e GKRb AwZwi³ Dc-cÖKí cwiPvjK (wWwcwW) mn‡hv‡M| wWwcwW‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb GKRb wmwbqi KvwiMix we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi †cÖvwKDi‡g›U we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi cwi‡ek we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi mgvR we‡klÁ, GKRb †hvMv‡hvM we‡klÁ Ges GKRb wRAvBGm we‡klÁ| GKRb wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjxi †bZ…‡Z¡ cÖwZwU †Rjvi gvV ch©v‡qi `ßimg~‡ni `vwqZ¡ n‡e wbg©vY Z`viwK civgk©K‡`i mvnvh¨ wb‡q wbg©vY Z`viwK Ges cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbvq mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb Kiv| GjwRBwW cÖ‡KŠkj Rwic, wWRvBb, cwi‡ek MZ Ae¯’v wbiƒcY, BGgwc cÖYqb, Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni mvgvwRK evQvB I GmGgwc cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vwZK/RvZxq dv‡g©i †mev fvov Ki‡e GQvov DcvË msMÖn Ges gvb wbðqZv I `icÎ msµvšÍ KvMRcÎ cÖ¯‘ZKiY wbg©vY Z`viwKmn AviGwc cÖYqb Ki‡e Ges wVKv`viMY KZ©„K m¤úvw`Z Kv‡Ri cwigvY I ¸YMZgvb m¤ú‡K© P~ovšÍ cÖZ¨qb cÎ cÖ`vb Ki‡e| Kvh©Kjvcmg~‡ni Ask wn‡m‡e wWGm civgk©‡Ki cwi‡ek we‡klÁMY AvBBB I BAvBG (cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î) BGwcmn cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb | cwi‡ek MZ weiƒc cÖfve wbimb c`‡¶cmg~‡ni e¨q wbY©q Kiv n‡e Ges †m¸wj `ic‡Îi ZvwjKvq AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡e| GBme cwi‡ek MZ weiƒc cÖfve wbimb c`‡¶c ev¯Íevqb Kivi Rb¨ cyi cÖ‡KŠkj wVKv`viMY‡K `vwqZ¡ †`qv n‡e | 5 GgGÛB civgk©‡Ki mn‡hvwMZvq wcGgBD‡K `vwqZ¡ †`qv n‡e mKj cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs, mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒcY, wbimb c`‡¶cmg~n I e¨qfvi ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi Rb¨| GgGÛB civgk©K BGmGgGd/wUwWGd-Gi ev¯Íevqb Ges BGgwc, GmGgwc I AviGwc Z`viK Ki‡eb| GZ` D‡Ï‡k¨ GgGÛB civgk©K GKRb mve©¶wYK cwi‡ek we‡klÁ I GKRb mve©¶wYK mgvwRK we‡klÁ wb‡qvM cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| cwi‡ek I mgvR we‡klÁ‡`i mnvqZvq wcGgBD cwi‡ekMZ AvbyMZ¨ msµvšÍ mvgwMÖK ˆÎgvwmK cÖ‡MÖm wi‡cvU© wek¦e¨vsK mgx‡c †cÖiY Ki‡e| BGmGgGd/wUwWGd wi‡cvU© Ges cÖfve wbimb c`‡¶cmg~n evsjv fvlvq Abyev` Kiv n‡e Ges ¯’vbxqfv‡e Zv cÖPvi Kiv n‡e| wi‡cv‡U©i Kwc (Bs‡iRx I evsjv fvlvq) GjwRBwWi mKj mswkøó gvV `߇i cvwV‡q †`qv n‡e Ges †m¸wj Rbmvavi‡Yi Kv‡Q †cŠ‡Q †`qv n‡e| Lmov BGmGgGd/wUwfGd GjwRBwWi I‡qemvB‡U Avc‡jvW Kiv n‡e Ges g~j¨vqb mgvc‡bi Av‡MB e¨vs‡Ki Bb&‡dvk‡c cwi‡ekb Kiv n‡e | Dciš‘ cÖK‡íi g~j¨vqb wgk‡bi ci GKwU RvZxq Kg©kvjvi Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡e| gyL¨ †÷K†nvìvi‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qb ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’vi (GjwRBwW) gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©Pvixiv, Kgy¨wbwU cÖwZwbwae„›`, wmweImg~n, GbwRImg~n, myax mgvR BZ¨vw`| Kg©kvjv †_‡K Ges Acivci e¨w³i KvQ †_‡K cÖvß gZvgZ I Z_¨vw` P~ovšÍ wi‡cv‡U© ch©v‡jvPbv I AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡e| cÖK‡íi ev¯Íevqb ch©vqKv‡j Dc-cÖKí wfwËK we‡kl we‡kl ¯Œxwbs/Ae¯’v wbiƒcb wi‡cvU© `icÎ Avnevb cÖwµqvi c~‡e© GjwRBwW I‡qemvB‡U ch©vqµwgKfv‡e Dc¯’vwcZ n‡e| 6 mvi-ms‡ÿc mviYx mg~‡ni ZvwjKv wPÎ mg~‡ni ZvwjKv Av`¨¶i mg~‡ni ZvwjKv 1. f~wgKv .................................................................................. 15 1.1. cUf~wg .................................................................................. 15 1.2. BGmGgGd/wUwWGd Gi wfwË .................................................... 15 1.3. BGmGgGd/wUwWGd = BGgGd+ GmGgGd Gi D‡Ïk¨ I mvaviY bxwZgvjv ... 16 1.3.2. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv (BGgGd) .......................................... 16 1.3.3. mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv (GmGgGd) ...................................... 17 1.4. BGmGgGd/wUwWGd Gi mvgwMÖK MVbixwZ ................................... 19 2. cÖKí weeiY .......................................................................... 19 2.1. cÖK‡íi cÖKvi‡f` I †kÖwY wefvRb .............................................. 19 2.2. cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc ...................................................................... 22 2.3. GgwWGmwc cÖKí GjvKv .......................................................... 22 2.4. `y‡h©vM SzuwK cÖeYZv ................................................................. 23 2.5. AvkÖq †K›`ª mg~‡ni cÖKvi‡f` I ˆewkó¨ mgyn ................................ 25 3. bxwZ, weavb I cÖkvmwbK KvVv‡gv ............................................. 26 3.1. mswkøó miKvix bxwZgvjv, AvBb, wewa I †KŠkj mg~n ....................... 26 3.2. wek¦e¨vsK cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK i¶vKeP bxwZgvjv ............................ 31 3.3. cÖK‡íi cwi‡ek bxwZgvjvi Zvrch© ............................................ 35 3.4. cwi‡ekMZ QvocÎ c×wZ ........................................................ 35 3.5. GgwWGmwc Gi f~wg AwaMÖnb msµvšÍ AvBbx KvVv‡gvi Zvrch© .......... 36 3.6. mvgvwRK Dbœqb I i¶vKeP Zvrch© : wek¦e¨vs‡Ki cwiPvjb bxwZgvjv .... 37 3.7. Z_¨ AwaKvi msµvšÍ wek¦e¨vsK bxwZ .......................................... 38 3.8. cwi‡ek wbiƒcb .................................................................. 40 4.1. wbiƒc‡bi wfwË ....................................................................... 40 4.2. be cÖ¯ÍvweZ †Rjvi bgybv mvBU mg~‡ni †eBRjvBb (wmWigy³ GjvKv) . 40 4.3. BwmAviwc Gi Pjgvb †dB‡Ri wbiƒcb (wmWi Dc`ªæZ GjvKv mg~n) .... 44 4.4. GgwWGmwc cÖKí GjvKvi mvgwMÖK †eBRjvBb (wmWi Dc`ªæZ bq Ges wmWi Dc`ªæZ GjvKv) 45 4.5. mvgwMÖK cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve ........................................................ 47 5. mvgvwRK welqvw` Ges m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve mg~n ..................................... 49 7 5.1. cÖKí GjvKvi Av_©-mvgvwRK †eBRjvBb ...................................... 49 5.1.1. mydj‡fv³v RbmsL¨v ............................................................... 49 5.1.2. eq‡mi wfwˇZ RbmsL¨vi wefvRb ................................................ 50 5.1.3. cÖKí GjvKvq wk¶v ................................................................ 51 5.1.4. a‡g©i wfwˇZ Rb msL¨vi wefvRb .............................................. 51 5.1.5. Dc RvZxq Rb‡Mvwô ................................................................ 52 5.2. cÖKí GjvKvi A_©‰bwZK iƒc‡iLv ................................................ 53 5.2.1. K…wl f~wgi gvwjKvbv ................................................................ 54 5.2.2. Rwgi †fvM¯^Z¡ I Pvlx cwievi mg~n ............................................. 54 5.2.3. Avevmb cwiw¯’wZ .................................................................... 55 5.2.4. Kg©Rxwe RbmsL¨v ................................................................... 56 5.2.5. cï m¤ú` I nuvm gyiMx ............................................................ 56 5.3. `vwi`ª, †RÛvi I `y`©kv ............................................................ 57 5.3.1. `vwi`ª ................................................................................. 57 5.3.2. ‡RÛvi Bmy¨ ........................................................................... 58 5.4. GjwRBwWi AZxZ Abyiƒc AwfÁZvi ch©v‡jvPbv ............................. 59 5.4.1. mvgvwRK I cybe©mwZ ¯’vcb bxwZgvjv KvVv‡gv, BwmAviAviwc ............ 59 5.4.2. BwmAviAviwc Gi mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv (Dcvsk L) .......................... 60 5.4.3 cjxø cwienb Dbœqb cÖK‡íi AwfÁZv ........................................ 60 5.4.4. BwmAviAviwc, Dcvsk L †_‡K cvV MÖnY ...................................... 60 5.5. mvgvwRK cÖfve I wbimb wbiƒcb ................................................ 61 5.5.2. cÖKí mydj............................................................................ 61 5.5.3. mvgvwRK D‡ØM I SzuwK ............................................................ 62 5.5.4. A‰bw”QK cybe©mwZ ¯’vcb ............................................................ 62 5.5.5. Dc-RvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Dci cÖfve ............................................... 62 5.5.6. wbg©vYKvjxb Ab¨vb¨ cÖfve ......................................................... 62 6. civgk© I Ask MÖnY ................................................................ 62 6.1. civgk© I Ask MÖnY................................................................ 63 6.1.1. mydj †fv³v‡`i wdW e¨vK ........................................................ 63 .1.2. welqvw` I D‡ØM mg~n .............................................................. 64 6.1.3. civg‡k©i djvdj I cwiYvg ................................................................ 64 6.1.4. Ask MÖnYKvix‡`i D‡ØM .......................................................... 64 6.1.6. cÖKí wWRvB‡bi mvgvwRK m¤ú„³Zv ............................................ 65 7. cwi‡ek wbiƒcb cÖwµqv ............................................................. 67 8 7.1. f~wgKv ................................................................................. 67 7.2. cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs ....................................................................... 67 7.3. cwi‡e‡ki weeiY .................................................................... 67 7.4. weKí mg~‡ni we‡kølY .............................................................. 69 7.5. cÖavb cÖavb Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc ................................................ 69 7.6. cÖfve mg~‡ni wbiƒcb I c~e©vfvm ................................................ 70 7.6.2. cÖvK-wbg©vY †dBR ................................................................. 70 7.6.3. wbg©vY Kvjxb †dBR ................................................................ 70 7.6.4. cwiPvjb I i¶Yv‡e¶YKvjxb †dBR .......................................... 71 7.7. Rb civgk© ........................................................................... 72 7.7.2. civgk© cÖwµqv ....................................................................... 73 7.7.3. civgk© †_‡K cÖvwß .................................................................. 75 8. mvgvwRK wbiƒcb c×wZ ............................................................ 75 8.1. mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs I cÖfve wbiƒcb ................................................. 75 8.1.1. eR©b kZ©vejx ........................................................................ 75 8.1.2. mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs ...................................................................... 75 8.1.3. mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcb ............................................................ 76 9. cÖKí MÖw_Z cwi‡ekMZ we‡ePbv ................................................. 79 9.1. f~wgKv ................................................................................. 79 9.2. wWRvBb .............................................................................. 79 9.3. cÖKí mydj .......................................................................... 79 10. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv ..................................................... 80 10.1. f~wgKv ................................................................................. 80 10.2. `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv ........................................................ 83 10.3. cwi‡ek gwbUwis cwiKíbv ....................................................... 84 10.4. Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËi †KŠkj ........................................................ 86 10.5. BGgwc Gi e¨q cÖv°jb c×wZ ................................................... 86 10.6. cwi‡ekMZ AvPiY wewa (BwmIwc) .............................................. 87 10.7. `icÎ msµvšÍ KvMRc‡Îi Rb¨ we‡kl cwi‡ek aviv mg~n (GmBwm) .... 88 10.8. AvBwmwU gwbUwis .................................................................... 89 10.9. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi mvaviY bxwZgvjv .......................................... 90 11. mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv .................................................... 90 11.1.1. mvgvwRK Dbœqb wb‡`©wkKv .......................................................... 90 11.1.2. †hvMv‡hvM I Ask MÖnY †KŠkj ................................................... 91 9 11.1.3. Awf‡hv‡Mi cÖwZ mvov ............................................................... 92 11.5. f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©mwZ ¯’vcb bxwZ KvVv‡gv ................................. 92 11.5.1. Dc-cÖKí mg~‡ni Rb¨ f~wg cÖvwßi wb‡`©wkKv .................................... 92 11.5.2. cybe©mwZ ¯’vcb bxwZ msµvšÍ wb‡`©wkKv .......................................... 94 11.5.4. AviGwc cÖYqb ........................................................................ 96 12. Dc-RvZxq Dbœqb KvVv‡gv .......................................................... 99 12.1. †eBR jvBb ........................................................................... 99 12.2. wba©vwiZ civgk© I e¨vcK Kgy¨wbwU mnvqZv ..................................... 104 12.3. cÖKvkbv I Z_¨ cÖPvi ................................................................. 104 12.4. ms¯‹…wZ ms‡e`b Z_¨ cÖPvi, m‡PZbZv I AvDUwiP ............................. 104 12.5. Dc-RvZxq wbiƒcb c×wZ ........................................................... 105 13. i¶vKeP AvbyMZ¨ I `¶Zv e„w×i Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’v ................ 105 13.1. i¶vKeP AvbyM‡Z¨i Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK Av‡qvRb ................................ 105 13.2. cÖwk¶Y Pvwn`v ....................................................................... 107 13.3. Z_¨ †hvRbv ............................................................................ 108 mviYx mg~‡ni ZvwjKv mviYx 2-1 : GgwWGmwc cÖKí GjvKv mviYx 2-2 : evsjv‡`‡k N~wY©So AvNvZ nvbvi eQi I g„Zz¨ msL¨v mviYx 2-3 : wmWi Gi Kvi‡Y g„Zz¨ msL¨v, wb‡LuvR I AvnZ e¨w³i cwimsL¨vb mviYx 2-4 : BwmAviAviwc Gi AvIZvq eûgyLx N~wY©So AvkÖq †K›`ª Dbœq‡bi cÖKvi †f` I weKí e¨e¯’v mviYx 4-1 : cwi`wk©Z mvBU mg~n mviYx 5-1 : cÖK‡íi mydj‡fv³v RbmsL¨v mviYx 5-2 : eq‡mi wfwˇZ cÖKí GjvKvi RbmsL¨v mviYx 5-3 : cÖKí GjvKvi RbmsL¨vi mv¶iZv mviYx 5-4 : a‡g©i wfwˇZ Rb msL¨v mviYx 5-5 : cÖKí GjvKvq Dc-RvZxq RbmsL¨v mviYx 5-6 : cÖKí GjvKvq K…wl f~wgi gvwjKvbv mviYx 5-7 : Rwgi †fvM¯^Z¡ I Pvlx cwievi mg~n mviYx 5-8 : cÖK‡íi Avevmb bgybv mviYx 5-9 : cÖKí GjvKvq Kg©Rxwe bvix cyiæl wbwe©‡k‡l 10 RbM‡Yi †ckv mviYx 5-10 : cÖKí GjvKvq Mevw` cï I nuvm gyiMx cvjbKvix cwievi mviYx 5-11 : cÖKí GjvKvq `vwi‡`ª¨i bwRi mviYx 7-1 : Kgy¨wbwU civg‡k©i mvivsk mviYx 10-1 : AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv mviYx 10-2 : cwi‡ek gwbUwis cwiKíbv (BGgwc) mviYx 10-3 : gwbUwis e¨q cÖv°jb c×wZ/wfwË mviYx 12-1 : cÖKí GjvKvq Dc-RvZxq RbmsL¨v mviYx 13-1 : GgwWGmwc Gi cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ cÖwk¶Y Pvwn`v wPÎvejxi ZvwjKv wPÎ 2-1 : cÖK‡íi Ae¯’vb wPÎ 4-1 : cÖ¯ÍvweZ kvKPi ReŸvi Kgy¨wbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ª wPÎ 4-2 : cÖ¯ÍvweZ Pi cve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ª Av`¨¶i mg~‡ni ZvwjKv AP ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³ ARIPO A¯’vei m¤úwËi AwaMÖnY I AwahvPb AwW©b¨vÝ BBS evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb ey¨‡iv BDT evsjv‡`k UvKv BECA evsjv‡`k cwi‡ek msi¶Y AvBb BNBC evsjv‡`k RvZxq wewìs †KvW BODS ˆRe imvqb Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v BP e¨vsK c×wZ 11 BUET evsjv‡`k cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³ wek¦we`¨vjq CHT cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg COD imvqb Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v DG gnv cwiPvjK DOE cwi‡ek Awa`ßi DOF eb Awa`ßi DSC wWRvBb I ZË¡veavb civgk©K EA cwi‡ek wbiƒcb ECA cwi‡ekMZfv‡e bvRyK GjvKv ECC cwi‡ekMZ QvocÎ mb` ECRRP Riæix N~wY©So c~biæ×vi I cybe©vmb cÖKí ECOP cwi‡ekMZ AvPiY wewa ECR cwi‡ek msi¶Y wewagvjv EHS cwi‡ek msi¶Y wewagvjv EIA cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨ I wbiƒcb EMF cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv EMP cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv ESA cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK wbiƒcb ESMF/TDF cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv/ Dc-RvZxq Dbœqb KvVv‡gv FGD ‡dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbv GAAP cwiPvjb I Revew`wnZv Kg© cwiKíbv GOB evsjv‡`k miKvi GRC Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË KwgwU GRM Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË †KŠkj HQ m`i `ßi IDA AvšÍR©vwZK Dbœqb ms¯’v IEE cÖviw¤¢K cwi‡ek wbix¶v IFC AvšÍR©vwZK A_© K‡c©v‡ikb LGED ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi MOEF cwi‡ek I eb gš¿Yvjq NGO ‡emiKvwi ms¯’v O&M cwiPvjb I i¶Yv‡e¶Y OHS ‡ckvMZ ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv OP cwiPvjb bxwZ 12 PAP cÖKí KZ©„K ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³ PD cÖKí cwiPvjK PM we‡klxKiY c`v_© PM 10 ≤ 10 gvB‡µvwgUvi evqyMwZ e¨vmmn we‡klxKiY c`v_© PM 25 ≤ 2.5 gvB‡µvwgUvi evqyMwZ e¨vmmn we‡klxKiY c`v_© PMU cÖKí e¨e¯’vcbv BDwbU PPE e¨w³MZ AvZ¥i¶vg~jK miÄvg PWD MYc~Z© Awa`ßi RAP cybe©mwZ ¯’vcb Kg©cwiKíbv SA mvgvwRK wbiƒcb SECS we‡kl cwi‡ek aviv mg~n SIA mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcb SMP mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv SPM ¯’wMZK…Z we‡klxKiY c`v_© TOR Uvg©m Ae †idv‡iÝ TPP Dc-RvZxq Rb‡Mvwô cwiKíbv WB wek¦e¨vsK WBG wek¦e¨vsK †Mvwô WHO wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v 13 LÛ ÔKÕ- mvaviY 14 1. evsjv‡`‡ki DcK~jxq GjvKvmg~n I DcK~‡ji evB‡ii Øxcmg~n wbPz I mgZj| Mo mg~`ªc„ô †_‡K DcK~jxq A‡ji D”PZv 3 wgUv‡ii Kg| DcK~jxq AÂjmg~n cÖwZ eQ‡iB weaŸsmx N~wY©S‡oi wkKvi n‡q _v‡K| Gme N~wY©So mvaviYZ: AvNvZ nv‡b MÖx‡¯§i ïiæ‡Z (GwcÖj-‡g) A_ev el©vi †k‡l (A‡±vei-b‡f¤^i)| N~wY©So D™¢~Z nq e‡½vcmvM‡i m„ó wb¤œ evqygÛjxq Pvc †_‡K| e‡½vcmvM‡i m„ó µvšÍxq N~wY©S‡oi RxebKvj GK mßvn A_ev GKUz †ewk| R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi D”PZv mvM‡i m‡e©v”P 10 wgUvi ch©šÍ e„w× †c‡Z cv‡i| N~wY©So, wmWi evsjv‡`‡ki `w¶Y cwðg DcK~jxq A‡j AvNvZ †n‡bwQj 15 b‡f¤^i 2007| †mB N~wY©So evsjv‡`‡ki 30wU †Rjvq wewfbœ gvÎvq gvbyl I Zv‡`i m¤úwˇK ÿwZMÖ¯Í K‡i | 30wU †Rjvi g‡a¨ 4wU †Rjv gvivZ¥K ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq, 9wU †Rjvi †ek ¶wZ nq Ges 17wU †Rjvi AvswkK ¶wZ nq| me©‡gvU 3347 Rb gvbyl cÖvY nvivq e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í †Rjvmg~‡n ÿwZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li msL¨v 89 j¶| Rvbv †M‡Q †h N~wY©So wmW‡i dmj webó n‡qwQ‡jv 300739 †n±i K…wl f~wg‡Z Ges 17 j¶ cï m¤ú` gviv c‡owQ‡jv| 2. m¤ú~Y©fv‡e I AvswkKfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í mo‡Ki ‰`N©¨ h_vµ‡g 1714 wK.wg I 6361 wK.wg.| †gvU 1687 wU †mZz I KvjfvU© AvswkKfv‡e †f‡½ c‡o| Avevmb LvZ Drcv`b LvZ I miKvwi AeKvVv‡gvmg~n wmWi KZ©„K ÿwZMÖ¯Í I webvkMÖ¯Í m¤ú‡`i cwigvY evsjv‡`kx UvKvq 115.6 kZ †KvwU (gvwK©b Wjvi 1.7 kZ †KvwU)| Gme cÖv_wgK wn‡me Bw½Z †`q †h jq I ¶qcÖvß AeKvVv‡gvmg~‡ni cyY:wbg©vY e¨qfvi n‡e m¤¢eZ ‡ek eo AvKv‡ii| 3. GjwRBwW eZ©gv‡b ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Q Riæix N~wY©So D×vi I cyY:ms¯‹vi cÖKí (BwmAviAviwc) AvBwWG A_©vq‡b| cÖK‡íi cÖavb Dcvsk n‡&Q 2007 mv‡ji N~wY©So wmWi Ges 2009 mv‡ji N~wY©So AvBjv KZ©„K ÿwZMÖ¯Í DcK~jxq GjvKv mg~‡n eûgyLx `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©vY I Dbœqb Kiv| 4. evsjv‡`‡ki N~wY©So cÖeY GjvKvmg~‡ni gvby‡li `y`©kv n«vmKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ evsjv‡`k miKvi eûgyLx `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ª cÖKí (GgwWGmwc) cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Q| Gig‡a¨ wmWi weaŸ¯Í †fvjv, ewikvj, wc‡ivRcyi, cUzqvLvjxmn 9wU †Rjv Ges PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi, †dbx, j²xcyi I †bvqvLvjxmn Ab¨vb¨ 5wU †Rjv AšÍf©y³ i‡q‡Q| cÖK‡íi j¶¨ n‡”Q (K) cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMKv‡j gvbyl I cïcÖvwYi cÖvYnvwb n«vm Kiv; Ges (L) eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni AvIZvq wb‡q Avmv gvby‡li msL¨v e„w× Kiv| GjvKvq eûgyLx we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Dbœqb, bZzb AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©vY Ges AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n eivei ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Dbœqb I GjvKvi †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g j¶¨mg~n AR©b Kiv n‡e | 5. ¯’vbxq miKvi, cjøx Dbœqb I mgevq gš¿Yvj‡qi (GjwRAviwWwm) Aax‡b ¯’vbxq miKvi wefv‡Mi (GjwRwW) AvIZvq ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi (GjwRBwW) KZ©„K cÖKíwU ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡e| GjwRBwWÕi AvBwWG KZ©„K A_©vq‡b Zv‡`i iÿvKeP bxwZgvjvi AbyK~‡j KvR Kivi `xN© AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q | 6. Dc cÖKímg~‡ni mwVK Ae¯’vb, AvK…wZ I cwimi GLbI ARvbv i‡q‡Q Ges GgwWGmwc-Gi AvIZvq ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY P~ovšÍ Kiv n‡e cÖKí ev¯Íevqb PjvKv‡j Ges †mR‡b¨ cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wba©viYK‡í GKwU Kg©-KvVv‡gv cwiKíbv M„nxZ n‡q‡Q | GKwU cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv I Dc-RvZxq Dbœqb KvVv‡gv (BGmGgGd/wUwWGd) cÖK‡íi mKj Dcvs‡ki Rb¨ M„nxZ n‡q‡Q GB g‡g© wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ †h mKj Dc-cÖKí cwi‡ek cÖm‡½ Ges mvBUwfwËK cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv 15 (GmGgwc) cÖYq‡b ch©vßfv‡e evQvB wbiƒcY Kiv n‡q‡Q| GgwWGmwc-Gi AvIZvq A_©vq‡bi †hvM¨ Dc-cÖKímg~n‡K evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cwi‡ek msµvšÍ I mvgvwRK weavb mg~n A¶zbœ †i‡L wek¦e¨vs‡Ki i¶vKeP bxwZgvjvi AvbyK~j¨ jvf Ki‡Z n‡e| GB `wj‡ji D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiæcb Ges e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖYqb Kiv, hv GgwWGmwc-Gi AvIZvq cÖKí Kvh©Kjvcmg~‡ni cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡bi m‡½ m¤ú„³ ¸i”Z¡c~Y© cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK welqvw`i msw¶ß weeiY cÖ`vb Ki‡e| 7. cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv (BGmGgGd/wUwWGd) Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i cÖvmw½K mvaviY bxwZgvjv, wb‡`©wkKv, Abykxjb ixwZ I c×wZmg~‡ni Dci hv cÖKí wWRvB‡bi g‡a¨ cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK cÖm½mg~‡ni mgš^q mvab Kivi j‡¶¨ we‡ewPZ n‡q _v‡K| GB BGmGgGd/wUwWGd-G ewY©Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y©~ cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK welqvejxi †PKwjó e¨envi K‡i bxwZgvjv I c×wZmg~‡ni cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk Ki‡j ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’vmg~‡ni Rb¨ wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki i¶vKeP bxwZgvjv I miKvwi bxwZgvjvi Aax‡b cÖvmw½K welqvw` Ges Zrm¤úwK©Z wewagvjv, weavbmg~n I c×wZmg~n AbymiY Kiv mnR n‡e| 8. mvBU wbe©vPb I we¯ÍvwiZ mvBU Z`šÍ cwiPvwjZ nIqvi Av‡M Dc-cÖKí wfwËK cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n wbLyuZfv‡e mbv³ Kiv m¤¢e bq| cÖK‡íi wWRvB‡bi Rb¨ we‡ePbv I mwbœ‡ek Ki‡Yi j‡¶¨ BGmGgGd/wUwWGd cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK welqK cÖ‡qvRbxq †cÖ¶vcU Ges GKwU †PKwjó cÖ`vb Ki‡e hv‡Z K‡i cwi‡ekMZfv‡e I mvgvwRKfv‡e †UKmB ev¯Íevqb m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i| GQvov, GB BGmGgGd/wUwWGd cÖv_wgK cwi‡ekMZ wbix¶v (AvBBB), cwi‡ek cÖfve wbiƒcY (BAvBG) cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ges cÖKí KZ©„K Av‡ivwcZ †bwZevPK cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve wbimb Kiv Ges cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci BwZevPK cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve e„w× Kivi j‡¶¨ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc), mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcY, cybe©vmb Kg© cwiKíbv (AviGwc) Ges mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (GmGgwc) cÖYqb Ki‡e | 9. mswkøó cÖKí Dcvskmg~‡ni ev¯Íevqb `vwq‡Z¡i ¯^v‡_© cwi‡ekMZ AvbyMZ¨ Z`viwK I gwbUi Kivi Rb¨ ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v GjwRBwW KZ©„K wb‡qvwRZ cwi‡ek i¶vKeP Kg©x‡`i Uvg©m Ae †idv‡iÝ (wUIAvi) cÖYq‡b GB BGgGd wb‡`©wkKv wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| †mBRb¨ GgwWGmwc cÖK‡íi AvIZvq M„nxZ Kvh©vejxi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b cwi‡ek AvbyMZ¨ wbwðZ Kivi ¯§viK I wb‡`©wkKv wnmv‡e GB BGgGd Aek¨B e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e | 10. GgwWGmwc Gi Aax‡b A_©vqb jv‡fi †hvM¨ cÖKí Dcvskmg~n‡K wek¦e¨vs‡Ki i¶vKeP bxwZgvjv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e evsjv‡`‡ki we`¨gvb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wek¦e¨vs‡Ki i¶vKeP bxwZgvjvi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ GgwWGmwc-Gi BGmGgGd/wUwWGd cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q| 11. BGgGd-Gi j¶¨ n‡”Q GB g‡g© wbwðZ Kiv †h cÖ¯ÍvweZ cwiPvj‡bi Aax‡b M„nxZ Kvh©Kjvc wb‡¤œewY©Z welq¸‡jv m¤úv`b Ki‡e t- (1) cÖwZwU Dc-cÖK‡íi A_ev Zv‡`i mw¤§wjZ cÖqv‡mi cwiYwZ‡Z D™¢~Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †bwZevPK cwi‡ek cÖfve n«vm Kiv; (2) BwZevPK cwi‡ek cÖfve e„w× Kiv; (3) civgk© I Z_¨ cÖPvi msµvšÍ †KŠkj iPbv Kiv; (4) cwi‡ekMZ I cÖvmw½K mvgvwRK welqvw`i wek` g~j¨vqb wbwðZ Kiv Ges cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡Y cwiKíbv, wm×všÍ MÖnY I ev¯Íevq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq n¯Í‡ÿc Kvh©Ki Kiv; 16 (5) cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡Y cwi‡ekMZfv‡e ¯úk©KvZi wel‡q AwZwi³ Pvc cÖwZ‡iva Kiv; (6) gvbe ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv i¶v Kiv Ges (7) cÖKí KZ©„K A_©cyó cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci cÖK…wZi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ wek¦e¨vs‡Ki cwi‡ek i¶vKeP bxwZgvjv Ges evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii bxwZgvjv, wewagvjv, wb‡`©wkKv I c×wZmg~‡ni cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ I AvšÍwiKZv wbwðZ Kiv| 12. BGgGd Gi D‡Ïk¨ mg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb cÖKí wWRvBb I ev¯Íevqb e¨e¯’vq AšÍf©y³ bxwZgvjvi Dci wfwË K‡i cwiPvwjZ n‡e| GgwWGmwc Gi Kg©-cwim‡ii g‡a¨ bZzb AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©vY, we`¨gvb AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni m¤úªmviY I ms‡hvM moK AšÍf©y³ | cwiKíbv ch©v‡q cÖKí KZ©„K M„wnZ N~wY©So AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni Ae¯’vb wbe©vP‡bi j‡¶¨†fŠMwjK Z_¨ e¨e¯’v (wRAvBGm) cÖhyw³ cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e | AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©v‡Y K‡qKwU welq we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e| †hgb, gvbe emwZ, †hvMv‡hvM myweav, wbKUZg Aci AvkÖq †K›`ª †_‡K `~iZ¡ BZ¨vw`| bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbe©vPb I cyivZb AvkÖq†K›`ª m¤úªmvi‡Yi †¶‡Î cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡c †hb Rjv e×Zv Ges cÖvK…wZK cvwb cÖevn I grm¨ PjvP‡j weNœ m„wó bv K‡i †m e¨vcv‡i wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ h_vh_ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡e | 13. cÖKíwU wbwðZ Ki‡e ‡h N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni wWRvBb cÖYq‡b cwi‡ekMZ m¤^wjZ welqvw` ch©vß `„wó †`qv n‡q‡Q| GB KvR ev¯Íevq‡b ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v mKj bZzb N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n, we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni cybe©vmb I ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni cwi‡ek wbiƒcY Ki‡e| 14. cÖKíwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwi‡ekMZ cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶ cÖfve †hgb wbg©vYc~e©, wbg©vYKvjxb I cwiPvjb ch©v‡q †bwZevPK cwiYwZmg~‡ni wbimb I BwZevPK cÖfvemg~‡ni e„w×i Kv‡h©i cwi‡ek wbiƒcY †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z c`‡¶c MÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡e | 15. jebv³Zv I Av‡mwb©Kgy³ enb‡hvM¨ cvwb, we`y¨Zvq‡bi bevqb‡hvM¨ kw³ (†mŠi we`y¨r) I dm‡ji Rb¨ e„wói cvwb gRyZKiY U¨vsK I cqtcÖYvjx Kv‡Ri myweavmg~n e„w×K‡í cÖKí mnvqZv Ki‡e| 16. ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi (GjwRBwW) cÖvmw½K miKvix wewagvjv (AvBbmg~n, Aa¨v‡`k mg~n, Kvh© weeiYxmg~n) BZ¨vw` I wek¦ e¨vsK cwiPvjb bxwZgvjv I wb‡`©wkKvmg~n AbymiY Ki‡e| 17. GjwRBwW Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni cwiKíbv Ges ev¯Íevq‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvwôi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡e| cÖ‡qvR‡b ¯’vbxq miKvix ms¯’vmg~n ¯’vbxq KwgwUmg~‡ni AskMÖnY jv‡f I evav Acmvi‡Y wbwðZ Ki‡Z GjwRBwW `vq MÖnY Ki‡e| 18. weev`MÖ¯Í A_ev Dbœqb cÖwZeÜKZv Rwgmg~‡n cÖKí Kvh©vejx cwiPvjbv Kiv hv‡e bv| cÖK‡íi Dbœqb I ev¯Íevqb Kv‡R Rxe‰ewPΨ msi¶Y I ˆRe wbivcËv wbðqZv Ki‡Z n‡e| 19. g~j †¯ªv‡Zi mvgvwRK Dbœqb I i¶vKeP AvbyMZ¨ Pvwn`vi Av‡jv‡K cÖvmw½K RvZxq weavbmg~‡ni Ges wek¦e¨vsK cwiPvjbv wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx mvaviY bxwZgvjv Ges mvBU wbe©vPb, wWRvBb I ev¯Íevq‡b Dc-cÖKímg~n‡K GjwRBwW KZ©„K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q (bZzb eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ª, we`¨gvb AvkÖq †K›`ª mg~‡ni DbœwZ weavb I AvkÖq†K›`ª ms‡hvM moKmg~n wbg©vY †¶‡Î)| GmGgGd-Gi we‡kl we‡kl D‡Ïk¨mg~n wb¤œiƒc t (1) `y‡h©vM cÖeY Dc-K~jxq GjvKvmg~‡ni ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae¯’vbmg~‡ni AvkÖq†K›`ª I AvkÖq†K›`ª eivei ms‡hvM moK wbg©vY I Dbœq‡bi mvgvwRK Dbœqb cwigvc| (2) cÖKí KZ©„K ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb RwbZ `y‡h©vM I ˆ`b¨ hZLvwb m¤¢e Gwo‡q Pjv ev jvNe Kiv| (3) mvs¯‹„wZK I A_©‰bwZKfv‡e h_vh_ c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g RxweKv wbe©v‡ni c_ eÜ nIqvi weiæ‡× cÖwZi¶vg~jK e¨e¯’v MÖnYmn RbM‡Yi Dci (bvix I cyiæl) wbe©vwPZ mvBU KZ©„K wbcwZZ weiƒc cÖwZwµqvmg~n mbv³KiY I wbimb Kiv| 17 (4) ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³eM© I Zv‡`i Rb‡Mvôxi m‡½ e¨vcK cÖPvi I civgk© mv‡c‡¶ cÖ‡qvRbxq mvgvwRK Dbœqb I i¶vKeP AvbyMZ¨ c`‡¶cmg~‡ni Dbœqb mvab Kiv| (5) †RÛvi Zvrch© msµvšÍ welqvejxmn mvgvwRK i¶vKeP I Ab¨vb¨ cÖm‡½ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mswkøó bxwZgvjv I wek¦e¨vs‡Ki Abyiƒc bxwZgvjvi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ wbðqZv Kiv| 20. cyiKg© wbg©vY KvR ev¯Íevq‡bi Av‡M GB GmGgGd-G ewY©Z wb‡¤œi bxwZgvjv, wb‡`©kmg~n I c×wZmg~‡ni j¶¨mg~n AR©‡b cÖwZwU Dc-cÖKí A_ev wbg©vY c¨v‡K‡Ri Rb¨ mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiPvjbv cÖYqb Kiv n‡e| mvB‡Ui Rb¨ I A‰bw”QKfv‡e AcmvwiZ RbM‡Yi Rb¨ GmGgwc e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg A_ev miKvix Rwg e¨w³ gvwjKvbv Kv‡R e¨eüZ †m¸‡jv AwaMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cybe©vmb Kg©-cwiPvjbvi (AviGwc) AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z cv‡i|Ô 21. D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni wbR¯^ Rwg (A_ev Ab¨vb¨ miKvix Rwg) †_‡K f’wg AwaMÖnY Ges Aby‡gvw`Z e¨w³ gvwjKvaxb Kvh©Kjvc AcmviYRwbZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weiƒc cªfv‡ei we‡ePbvq GjwRBwW wb¤œ ewY©Z m~Îv‡jv‡K evQvB, wWRvBb I ev¯Íevq‡bi mKj Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡e|  wbw`©ó mvBU wbe©vP‡bi Av‡M GjwRBwW ¯’vbxq RbMY I †÷K†nvìvi‡`i m‡½ Dc-cÖKímgy‡ni D‡Ïk¨, my‡hvM I mvgvwRK i¶vKeP ev¯Íevqb cÖm‡½, we‡kl K‡i e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb/miKvwi Rwg msMÖn Ges emZevwo, e¨emv †K›`ª I Drcv`bkxj m¤ú` ‡_‡K RbMY‡K miv‡bvi cÖ‡kœ civgk© Ki‡e| civg‡k©i g‡a¨ AviI _vK‡e-  mKj AvbyôvwbK/AbvbyôvwbK ¯’vbxq mË¡vwaKvix †hgb myweav‡fvMx m¤úª`vq, ¯’vbxq wbe©vwPZ RbcÖZwbwaMY, ¯’vbxq bvix‡Mvwô I cÖZ¨¶ Ges c‡iv¶ †÷K†nvìviMY hviv cÖKí wWRvBb I ev¯Íevq‡b cÖfve ivL‡Z Kvh©Ki †Mvôx e‡j we‡ewPZ|  †mB mg¯Í e¨w³ †hgb f~wg gvwjK, e¨emvqx, euv‡a emevmKvix (`LjKvix I AbycÖ‡ekKvix) I Ab¨vb¨ hviv cÖKí KZ©„K mivmwi ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡eb|  †mB mg¯Í e¨w³ hviv RxweKv nvwi‡q Ges/A_ev Awfbœ m¤úwË m¤ú` nvwi‡q ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡eb|  cªKí mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒc‡Y wPwýZ †Kvb DcRvZxi A_ev `y`©kvMÖ¯Í †Mvwô |  e¨w³ gwjKvbvaxb I miKvwi Rwg ‡_‡K A_©‰bwZK I Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©vejxi AcmviY n«vm Kivi R‡b¨ GjwRBwW e¨w³gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg AwaMÖnY cwinvi Ki‡e Ges AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni we`¨gvY Rwg Ges AvkÖq †K›`ªwfgyLx ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Rb¨ we`¨gvb msiw¶Z moK mxgvi g‡a¨ Kvh©µg mxwgZ Ki‡e |  AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n I AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Rb¨ AwZwi³ Rwgi we‡kl Pvwn`vi †¶‡Î GjwRBwW Hw”QK m¤úª`v‡bi AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvq, mivmwi Lwi`m~‡Î Ges GZ`msµvšÍ AvB‡bi AvIZvq Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK cÖ‡`q ¶wZc~i‡Yi wewbg‡q A_ev `v‡b Rwg msMÖ‡ni †Póv Ki‡e |  Ae¯’v ‡f‡` hLb AskMÖnY wfwËK Rwg Pvwn`vbycv‡Z AwaMÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv I A‰bw”QK AwaMÖnY e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg e¨enviKvixi Rwg MÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q, ZLb cÖKí ÿwZMÖ¯Í †jvK‡`i Rb¨ cybe©vm‡bi Rb¨ ¶wZ c~iY cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ges wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb Iwc 4.12 Abyhvqx Ab¨ e¨e¯’vw` MÖnY Ki‡e|  Dc-RvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡bi cÖwZ ûgwK ¯^iƒc cÖK‡íi Ggb Kvh©vejx GjwRBwW m¤¢ve¨ gvÎvq Gwo‡q Pj‡e Ges Zv‡`i Awfbœ m¤úwË m¤ú` I RxweKv Kvh©Kjvc‡K msiw¶Z ivL‡e Ges mvs¯‹…wZK I ag©xq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯’vbmg~n/D‡Ïk¨mg~‡ni ¯^v_© msi¶Y Kiv (Dcvmbvjq/cvwievwiK Kei ¯’vb)| 18  e¨vs‡Ki Iwc 4.12 I 4.10 m½wZc~Y© ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvgvwRK i¶vKeP cÖm‡½ cÖfve wbimb gvÎvmg~n MÖnY I ev¯Íevq‡b mKj mvBUmg~n wPwýZKi‡Y mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs-G GjwRBwW `vwqZ¡ MÖnY Ki‡e|  wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki †RÛvi msµvšÍ bxwZ wba©viYx wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx cÖKí GjvKvmg~‡n †mLv‡b cybe©vmb cÖwµqvq ¶wZMÖ¯’ bvix I wkïi myi¶v bvB †mLv‡b mvgvwRK Aciva, cvPvi I GBPAvBwf/GBWm msµgb SzuwK cÖwZ‡iv‡a we‡kl `„wó †`Iqv n‡e| 22. GB wi‡cvU©wU ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkjx Awa`ßi (GjwRBwW) KZ©„K iwPZ n‡q‡Q| wi‡cvU©wU cuvPwU fv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| BGmGgGd/wUwWGd I wUwWwci mvgwMÖK MVb web¨v‡m wb¤œewY©Z Aa¨vq¸wj AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e : †K ÒmvaviY e‡j ewY©Z Kiv n‡q‡Q †hLv‡b †`‡ki we`¨gvb weavb m¤^wÜq, wbqvgK I cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gvi K_v D‡jøL K‡i, mv‡_ mv‡_ wek¦e¨vs‡Ki i¶vKeP cwiPvjbvmg~‡n m½wZc~Y© cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒcY I cÖKí weeiY `vb K‡i| BGmGgGd/wUwWGd-Gi cUf~wgKvi wfwË n‡jv D‡Ïk¨mg~n I mvaviY bxwZgvjv BGgGd-Gi mvgwMÖK MVb cÖK…wZ Aa¨vq 1-G Ges cÖKí Dcvskmg~‡ni eY©bv Aa¨vq 12-†Z †`qv n‡q‡Q| Aa¨vq 4 I 5 G cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒcb Ges cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi cÖfve I wbimb I wk¶v cÖ`vb Kiv nq hv Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc cÖK‡í mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZfv‡e AšÍf©y³| cwi‡ekMZ evQvB, ˆeKwíK we‡køl‡Y cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wbiƒcY c×wZi wb‡`©kbv e¨envi, AvBBB I BAvBG cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wb‡`©kbv, AviI AwaK wbiƒcY, cÖKí cÖfvweZ GjvKv, cwi‡ek †eBRjvBb, Dc-cÖK‡íi Kvh©vw`mg~n‡K wPwýZ K‡i| cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv GB †mKk‡b wb‡`©wkKviƒ‡c Dc¯’vwcZ nq †hLv‡b cÖvwZôvwbK wbiƒcY AšÍf©y³ Ges Pvwn`vi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q| GB †mKk‡b cwi‡ekMZfv‡e mw¤§wjZ wWRvBb we‡ePbvi K_vI ejv n‡q‡Q| cÖK‡íi AvIZvq DcRvZxq Dbœqb KvVv‡gvi c×wZmg~‡ni Ges bxwZgvjvi AvDUjvBb eY©bv K‡i Dc-RvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi mw¤§wjZ Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Z_¨ cÖPvi I Z_¨vw`i civgk© `vb K‡i| 23. cÖKí D‡Ïk¨ t evsjv‡`‡ki DcK~jxq RbM‡Yi cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ¯Í jvN‡e cÖK‡íi cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dbœq‡bi D‡Ïk¨ ewY©Z nq| AviI mywbw`©ófv‡e cÖK‡íi j¶¨mg~n n‡jv (K) cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMKvjxb cÖvY I cï m¤ú‡`i ¶wZ n«vm Kiv; Ges (L) AwaK msL¨K RbM‡Yi Rb¨ mnRjf¨ eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ª, bZzb `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’v AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY Ges A‡j moK I †hvMv‡hvM DbœwZjv‡f mnvqZv Ki‡e| 24. cÖKí cwimi I D‡`¨vM t evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii `xN© †gqv`x j¶¨ n‡”Q N~wY©So Ges Pig AvenvIqvq DcK~jxq gvby‡li wbivcËv `vb Kiv| GB ch©v‡q GjwRBwW DcK~jxq GjvKvq N~wY©So AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~‡ni cÖ‡qv‡Mi †gvU wnmve wbY©‡q cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡i‡Q hv AMÖvwaKvi 1 I AMÖvwaKvi 2 †kÖYx‡Z wef³| DcK~jxq GjvKvq msKUc~Y© Pvwn`v wnmv‡e AMÖvwaKvi 1 AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n GgwWGmwci D‡Ïk¨ e‡j ewY©Z| GgwWGmwc N~wY©S‡o fq¼ifv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í 9wU †Rjv‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e, Ab¨w`‡K BwmAviAviwc g~jZ wmWi weae¯Í †Rjvmg~‡n KvR Ki‡e| eûgyLx `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv AvkÖq†K›`ª cÖKí (GgwWGmwc) 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjv‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e hvi g‡a¨ 4wU wmWi ÿwZMÖ¯Í †Rjv †fvjv, ewikvj, wc‡ivRcyi, cUzqvLvjx Ges Ab¨ 5wU DcK~jxq †Rjv K·evRvi, †dbx, j²xcyi Ges †bvqvLvjx (gvbwPÎ-1) 25. t cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi A½mg~n‡K wZbwU fv‡M wefvwRZ Kiv nq| cÖ¯ÍvweZ A½mg~n n‡jv t Dcv½- K: eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni cybtwbg©vY I Dbœqb| 19 Dcv½- L: cÖKí e¨e¯’vcbv ch©‡e¶Y Ges KvwiMix mnvqZv I cÖwk¶Y| Dcv½-M: Riæix mv‡c¶ mvov cÖ`vb Dcvsk| 26. GgwWGmwc evsjv‡`‡ki DcK~jxq A‡j eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY, cybtwbg©vY I Dbœq‡b wb¤œ †kÖwYwfwËK Kvh©vejx msMwVZ Ki‡e| 1. | AMÖvwaKvi Gi ‡kÖwYe‡× 550wU bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©v‡Y A_©vqb 1 Ki‡e| AvkÖq†K›`ª wWRvB‡b bvix cyiæ‡li c„_K Uq‡jU myweav I cï m¤ú‡`i wbivc` ¯’vb AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e| ¯’vbxq miKvi, ¯’vbxq RbMY Ges wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni mv‡_ c~Y© mgš^qKi‡Yi gva¨‡g GjwRBwW eûgyLx cÖv_wgK ¯‹zj wewìs, KwgDwbwU †m›Uvi ev Ab¨vb¨ KwgDwbwU wewìs wbg©vY Ki‡e| 2. Dc-Dcv½-K- 2: 450 wU we`¨gvb AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi cyY©MVb| 450wU we`¨gvb wk¶v cÖwZôvb Kvg-AvkÖq †K›`ª mn †h¸‡jv ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ges Ach©vßZvi Kvi‡Y AvkÖq†K›`ª wnmv‡e e¨envi Kiv hv‡ebv †m¸‡jvi †givgZ I Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ A_©vqb Ki‡e| GB AvkÖq†K›`ª¸‡jv‡K nvjbvMv` I AvaywbKxKiY K‡i e¨envi Dc‡hvMxfv‡e wdwi‡q Avb‡Z cyb©MwVZ Kiv n‡e| GjwRBwWi mv‡_ KvR m¤úv`‡bi j‡¶¨ e„nËi Pzw³‡Z Ave×K…Z Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó ms¯’vmg~‡ni mgš^q mva‡bi gva¨‡g GB AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wji DbœwZ Kiv n‡e | 3. Dc-Dcv½-K- 3: 550 wKwg AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM †bUIqvK© Dbœqb| cÖvq 550 wKwg cjøx moK †bUIqvK© Z_v ‡hvMv‡hvM †bUIqvK© AwaKZi mnRjf¨ Kivi j‡¶¨ cÖK‡íi GB moK¸‡jv wbg©vY Kiv n‡e| wPÎ 2- 1: cÖKí Ae¯’vb 20 21 27. ¯^vfvweK cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †kÖwY K‡¶i K¬vm hv‡Z Ae¨vnZ _v‡K †mfv‡eB AvkÖq†K›`ª fe‡bi AvK…wZ wbg©vY Kiv n‡e AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Rb¨| bvix cyiæ‡li c„_K ev_iæg wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| wbg©v‡Y wbivc` cvwbi mieiv‡ni wbwðZKiY, eR©¨ cvwbi ms¯‹vi AšÍf©y³KiY Ges †mŠi c¨v‡b‡ji e¨e¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| Zv Qvov cÖ‡qvR‡b we`¨gvb mo‡Ki mv‡_ ms‡hvM moK wbg©v‡Yi wbðqZv _vK‡Z n‡e| wbg©v‡Yi cÖ_g Zjvq Mevw` cï I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwYi R‡b¨ Ges Dc‡ii Zjvq gvbe AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ wbwg©Z n‡e| weKjv½ gvbyl I Mevw` cïi mnR PjvP‡ji Rb¨ Xvj wmuwoi e¨e¯’v wbg©v‡Y _vK‡Z n‡e| N›Uvq 260 wKwg MwZ‡eM m¤úbœ evZvm cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZvmn cÖZ¨vwkZ R‡jv”Q¡vm gvÎvi †P‡qI AwaK D”PZvq AvkÖq †K›`ª¸‡jv wbwg©Z n‡Z n‡e| 28. cÖKí Kvh©vejxi AwaKvskB kÖgwfwËK Ges Zv Avkvbyiƒc GB †h cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡b evowZ Kg© ms¯’v‡bi d‡j ¯’vbxq `wi`ª RbM‡Yi DcvR©b mxgv e„w× cv‡e| cÖKí f~wgnxb `yt¯’ bvix‡`i hZ`~i m¤¢e¨ iÿYv‡eÿY Ges e„¶‡ivcb Kg©m~Px‡Z wbhy³ Ki‡e Ges fwel¨‡Z Zv‡`i‡K `xN©‡gqv`x Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM`vb Ki‡e| 29. ‡Rjvq I Dc‡Rjvq Kg©iZ GjwRBwW Kg©KZ©vMY cÖwk¶‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i cÖ‡Póv I Kg©ZrciZv w`‡q `¶Zv I AwfÁZv jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e| BDwbqb cwil` (BDwc) I ¯’vbxq RbMY cÖKí Kg©Kv‡Ûi cÖ¯‘wZ I ev¯Íevq‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡e| Zvi d‡j BDwc I ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi ev¯Íevqb ¶gZv I AwfÁZv e„w× cv‡e Ges Zv BDwbqb cwil` I ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi cÖKí Dbœqb AeKvVv‡gvq gvwjKvbv †eva ˆZix Ki‡e | 30. cÖK‡íi AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi wWRvB‡b AvkÖq†K›`ª evQvB cÖwµqvq RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY, Zv‡`i Ávb I gZvgZ Rvbv‡Z Ges mwbœ‡ewkZ AwfgZ cÖ`v‡b wbwðZ Ki‡e| cÖwZôv‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi AskMÖnY I `vwqZ¡kxjZv cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖ‡qvR‡b Kvh©Kjv‡ci gvbwbqš¿Y I ch©‡e¶‡Yi `xN© m~wÎZv wbwðZ Ki‡e| 31. GjwRBwW cwi‡ek msi¶Y wewagvjv 1997 Ges wek¦ e¨vsK wewagvjv Abyhvqx cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí AeKvVv‡gvq cwi‡ekMZ myweav cÖ`vb wbwðZ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx| GB Kv‡R cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wWRvBb ZË¡veavqb (wWGm) civgk©KMY cÖKí mswkøó miKvwi Kg©KZ©v‡`i mv‡_ c~Y© mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e; mKj Dcv‡Ëi e¨vL¨v I we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ wWGm civgk©KMY cy‡ivcywi `vqx _vK‡eb Ges Zv‡`i wi‡cv‡U© ewY©Z Dcmsnvi I mycvwikgvjvi Rb¨| 32. eûgyLx `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv AvkÖq†K›`ª cÖKífy³ 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjv n‡”Q ewikvj wefv‡Mi ewikvj, †fvjv, cUzqvLvjx I wc‡ivRcyi Ges PÆMÖvg wefv‡Mi PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi, †dbx, j²xcyi I †bvqvLvjx| GB †Rjv¸wj N~wY©S‡oi Rb¨ AwaK SzuwKc~Y© Ges G¸wj‡Z e¨vcKwfwËK AvMvg mZK©xKiY e¨e¯’v Av‡Q| Riæix 2007 N~wY©So cybiæ×vi I cybe©vmb cÖKí (BwmAviAviwc) †gvZv‡eK wmWi Dc`ªæZ GjvKvq cybe©vmb I wbg©vY cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv nq Ges †gvU 232 wU `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv AvkÖq†K›`ª cybe©vwmZ nq I 148 wU bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY Kiv nq| 2020 mv‡ji g‡a¨ AMÖvwaKvi G 1 wewb‡qvMK…Z 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjvq Pvwn`v mv‡c‡¶ wbiƒwcZ 1046 wU bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©v‡Yi by¨bc‡¶ `yB Z…Zxqvsk m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ GgwWGmwc †Póv Ki‡e| †hLv‡b BwmAviAviwc eûgyLx `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY I cybe©vmb KvR m¤úbœ K‡i GgwWGmwc wewb‡qv‡Mi AvIZvq AwZwi³ AvkÖq†K›`ª wnmv‡e †dvKvm Kiv n‡e| BwmAviAviwci AvIZvq DcK~jxq †Rjvmg~‡n †hLv‡b †Kv‡bv wbg©vY I cybe©vmb KvR m¤úbœ nq bvB, GgwWGmwc †mB mg¯Í GjvKv AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e| PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi, †dbx, j²xcyi I †bvqvLvjx †Rjvmg~‡n †gvU 450 wU we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi cybe©vmb KvR m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e I GgwWGmwci AvIZvq 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjvq bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbwg©Z n‡e | GgwWGmwc GB mg¯Í 22 †Rjv¸‡jv‡Z 550 wKwg AvkÖq†K›`ª ms‡hvM mo‡Ki wbg©vY I Dbœqb KvRI m¤úbœ Ki‡e| †m¸‡jv mvB‡K¬vb, So, eb¨v BZ¨vw` cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMmg~‡n myiw¶Z bq Ggb| 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjvi ‡PvnvËziwU (74) Dc‡Rjv wb‡q GgwWGmwc GjvKv MwVZ 74wU Dc‡Rjvi g‡a¨ PÆMÖvg wefv‡M 5wU †Rjvi 42wU Dc‡Rjv I ewikvj wefv‡Mi 4wU †Rjvi 32wU Dc‡Rjv i‡q‡Q| ‡PvnvËziwU (74) Dc‡Rjvi (mviYx 2-1) 734wU BDwbq‡b 7420wU MÖvg i‡q‡Q| cÖKí †Rjv¸wji †gvU GjvKv 24578.5 eM©wKwg hv mgMÖ evsjv‡`‡ki GjvKvi (147570 eM©wKwg)-i 16-7%| mviYx 2-1 : GgwWGmwc cÖKí GjvKv we`¨gvb wbg©vYZe¨ bZzb GjvKv msL¨v msL¨v msL¨v msL¨v wefvM †Rjv AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni AvkÖq †K›`ª msL¨v (eM©wKwg) Dc‡Rjv _vbv †cŠimfv BDwbqb †gŠRv cybe©vmb msL¨v msL¨v ewikvj ewikvj 2790.51 0 58 10 5 85 1001 1116 †fvjv 2737.21 60 137 7 5 68 314 438 cUzqvLvjx 3220.15 0 36 8 5 71 561 878 wc‡ivRcyi 1307.61 0 50 7 3 51 390 648 ‡gvU 11055.44 60 281 32 18 275 2266 3080 PÆMÖvg PÆMÖvg 5282.98 130 120 14 10 199 909 1284 K·evRvi 2491.86 120 61 8 4 710 177 989 †dbx 982.34 20 19 6 5 43 497 553 j²xcyi 1455.96 30 34 5 4 55 455 547 ‡bvqvLvjx 3600.99 90 35 9 8 91 882 967 ‡gvU 13818.13 390 269 42 31 459 2920 4340 me©‡gvU 24869.61 450 550 74 49 734 5186 7420 m~Î t weweGm, Rwic- 2011 33. evsjv‡`k GKwU `y‡h©vM cÖeY †`k †hLv‡b cÖvqB cÖwZeQi bvbvwea cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM RwbZ ¶q¶wZ n‡q _v‡K| Gi †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vb Ges wZbwU cÖgËv b`x- cÙv, eªþcyÎ I †gNbv †`‡ki Dci w`‡q cÖevwnZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y NbNb eb¨v, b`x fv½b I N~wY©S‡oi m„wó nq| weMZ 100 eQi Kv‡j e‡½vcmvM‡i wewfbœ gvÎvi 508wU N~wY©So AvNvZ †n‡b‡Q| cÖwZ wZb eQ‡i GKwU K‡i weaŸsmx N~wY©So Av‡m| mviYx 2-2 1584 mb n‡Z msNwUZ N~wY©S‡o g„‡Zi msL¨v cÖ`k©b K‡i| 23 mviYx 2-2 evsjv‡`‡k AvNvZ nvbv N~wY©S‡oi eQi Ges g„‡Zi msL¨v eQi g„‡Zi msL¨v eQi g„‡Zi msL¨v eQi g„‡Zi msL¨v 1584 200,000 1941 7,500 1970 500,000 1822 40,000 1960 5,149 1985 11,069 1876 100,000 1961 11,468 1988 5,708 1997 175,000 1963 11,520 1991 138,000 1912 40,000 1965 19,279 1919 40,000 1965 12,000 34. GUv cÖgvwYZ †h, evsjv‡`‡ki ewikvj, †fvjv, cUzqvLvjx, wc‡ivRcyi, PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi, j²xcyi, †dbx I †bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv¸‡jv wewfbœ `y‡h©v‡M weaŸ¯Í nq| DcK~jxq †Rjvmg~n Dc‡i ewY©Z `y‡h©v‡M AviI AwaK ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q| GB wec`¸‡jv DcK~jxq †Rjvmg~‡n Nievox, Rwg, m¤úwË I cÖv‡Yi ¶wZ I webó mvab K‡i‡Q Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í RbMY‡K Ab¨Î m‡i †h‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q| `wi`ª RbMY G mg¯Í `y‡hv©M‡K `„pZvi mv‡_ †gvKv‡ejv K‡i| Avm‡Q eQi¸‡jv‡Z Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfv‡e `y‡h©v‡Mi I aesmh‡Ái gvÎv‡K e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB `y‡h©vM¸‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki `wi`ª I me©vwaK `y`©kv cÖeY RbMY‡K AbvbycvwZK nv‡i ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡e| evsjv‡`‡k msNwUZ A‡bK msK‡Ui g‡a¨ 2007 mv‡ji wmWi N~wY©So, 2008 mv‡ji bvwM©m, 2009 mv‡ji AvBjv Ges 2010 mv‡ji jvBjv wQ‡jv evrmwiK Pig `yN©Ubv| 35. wmW‡i ewikvj, Lyjbv I XvKv wefvMmg~n cÖPÛfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| 12wU me©vwaK ¶wZMÖ¯Í †Rjvi g‡a¨ ewikvj wefv‡Mi 6wU †Rjv, Lyjbv wefv‡Mi 3wU †Rjv I XvKv wefv‡Mi 3wU †Rjv wQ‡jv| ewikvj wefv‡Mi me©vwaK ÿwZMÖ¯Í †Rjv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wQ‡jv ewikvj, wc‡ivRcyi, SvjKvwV, cUzqvLvjx I ei¸bv| Lyjbv wefv‡Mi me©vwaK ÿwZMÖ¯Í †Rjv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wQ‡jv ev‡MinvU, Lyjbv I mvZ¶xiv| XvKv wefv‡Mi me©vwaK ÿwZMÖ¯Í †Rjv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wQ‡jv †MvcvjMÄ, gv`vixcyi I kixqZcyi| mviYx 2-3 ewikvj, PÆMÖvg, XvKv, Lyjbv I wm‡jU wefv‡Mi N~wY©So wmW‡i g„‡Zi msL¨v, wb‡LuvR e¨w³i msL¨v I AvnZ‡`i msL¨v †`Lv‡bv nq‡Q| ewikvj wefv‡M m‡e©v”P msL¨K cÖvYnvbx, wb‡LuvR I AvnZ e¨w³‡`i msL¨v wQ‡jv h_vµ‡g 2374; 902 Ges 42,238 †hLv‡b wm‡jU wefv‡M me©wb¤œ g„Zz¨ msL¨v wQ‡jv (2 e¨w³i)| mviYx 2-3 t wmWi Gi Kvi‡Y cÖvYnvbx, wb‡LuvR I AvnZ‡`i cwimsL¨vb wefv‡Mi bvg g„‡Zi msL¨v wb‡LuvR e¨w³i msL¨v AvnZ e¨w³i msL¨v ewikvj 2,378 902 42,238 PÆMÖvg 36 93 36 XvKv 139 3 1,396 Lyjbv 851 3 11,612 wm‡jU 2 - - me©‡gvU 3,406 1,001 55,282 m~Î : GgIGdwWGg 2008 36. evsjv‡`k AvenvIqv Awa`ßi (weGgwW) evsjv‡`k DcK~jxq A‡j wmWi N~wY©S‡oi AvQ‡o covi c~e©w`b¸wj n‡Z N~wY©S‡oi mZK©evYx †NvlYv KiwQ‡jv ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q mZK©evYx¸‡jv cvVv‡bv n‡qwQ‡jv wbqwgZfv‡e| 2007 mv‡ji b‡f¤^‡i wmW‡ii fqvj AvµgY evsjv‡`k ‡gvKv‡ejv K‡iwQ‡jv| evsjv‡`‡ki `w¶Yc~e© DcK~jxq †Rjv¸‡jv‡Z I 24 gvqvbvgv‡i bvwM©m AvNvZ †n‡bwQ‡jv| hv †nvK, evsjv‡`‡ki `w¶Y cwðg DcK~jxq †Rjv¸‡jv‡Z I fvi‡Zi wKQz As‡k AvBjv I N~wY©So Dc`ªæZ DcK~jxq †Rjv¸‡jv‡Z N~wY©S‡oi Kvi‡Y R‡jv”QvmRwbZ wbišÍi eb¨vi m‡e©v”P SzuwK i‡q‡Q| 37. BwmAviAviwc AvIZv ev¯Íevq‡b cuvP ai‡bi AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi wWRvBb Kiv n‡q _v‡K hv GgwWGmwc Rb¨ e¨eüZ n‡Z cvi‡e| cwiwkó 4 G cø¨vb mwbœ‡ewkZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvBU `kv, f~wg cÖvc¨Zv I †÷K†nvìvi‡`i mv‡_ civgk© K‡i wbg©v‡Yi aib ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e| mviYx 2-4 G AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©vY aib I †j-AvDU cwiKíbv mshyw³ n‡q‡Q hv BwmAviAviwci Dbœqb AvIZvq c‡o| G RvZxq AvkÖq †K›`ª wWRvBb GgwWGmwci AvIZvq e¨envi n‡Z cv‡i| hvB‡nvK cÖKíKvjxb j× AwfÁZvi wfwˇZ Ges ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i Pvwn`vi ‡cÖw¶‡Z wWRvBb wbqwgZ nvjbvMv` Kiv n‡e| mviYx 2-4 BwmAviAviwc Gi AvIZvq DbœqbK…Z eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni wbg©vY aib I cÖK…wZ g~j ˆewkó¨/weKí cÖK…wZ aiY- 1 aiY- 2 aiY-3 aiY- 4 aiY-5 †g‡Si AvqZb (eM© wgUvi) 300.5 342.91 290.57 396.37 301.21 Zjvi msL¨v 2 2 3 2 2 ‡kÖwY K‡¶i msL¨v 3 3 3 5 3 wk¶‡Ki msL¨v 1 1 1 1 1 cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv K¶ 1 1 1 1 1 Mf©eZx bvix‡`i Kg 1 1 1 1 1 ¸`vg K¶ 1 1 1 1 1 Uq‡jU (cyiæl) 2 2 2 2 2 Uq‡jU (gwnjv) 2 2 2 2 2 bjK~c 2 2 2 2 2 e„wói cvwb msi¶Y U¨vsK 2 2 2 2 2 cvwb cwi‡kvab nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v ‡mŠi c¨v‡bj nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v cvwbi cv¤ú nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v nu¨v aviY ¶gZv (gvbyl) 1300 1500 1300 1750 1300 aviY ¶gZv (cï m¤ú`) - - 200 - - 1| weKí 4 by¨bZg e¨e¯’v ev e¨envi bv I n‡Z cv‡i †hgb Zv (K) ¯Í¤¢vKvi I BD AvKvi MVbˆkjx f~wgi ¸Yvejxi Dci wbf©i Ki‡e| (L) N~wY©SoKv‡j D”P MwZ m¤úbœ evZv‡mi D¤§y³ cÖevn BD AvK…wZi MVb‰kjxi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜKZvi m„wó Ki‡e| MVb‰kjx‡Z AwZwi³ evZv‡mi Pv‡ci RvqMv ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| 2| cÖK…Zc‡¶ 400 †jv‡Ki AwaK AvkÖq†K›`ª e¨envi Ki‡j RbvwaK¨ n‡Z cv‡i, †m‡¶‡Î njc‡_i duvKv RvqMv I wmuwo e¨envi Ki‡e| 38. we`¨gvb wk¶v I mvgvwRK cÖwZôvbmg~‡n AvkÖq†K›`ª feb wbwg©Z n‡q‡Q eûgyLx D‡Ïk¨ Ges †m¸‡jv cÖv_wgK ¯‹zj wnmv‡e e¨eüZ n‡Z _vK‡e hLb †m¸wj `y‡h©vM bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y e¨eüZ n‡e bv| AvkÖq †K›`ª¸‡jv‡Z bvix cyiæ‡li c„_K ev_iæg wbg©vY Kiv nq| wbivc` cvwb mieivn wbwðZ Kiv nq| eR©¨cvwbi cwi‡kvab AšÍf©y³ Kiv nq Ges †mŠi c¨v‡b‡ji e¨e¯’v ivLv nq| cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv w`‡j we`¨gvb ms‡hvM mo‡Ki weKí wjsK wbg©vY Kiv nq| †kÖwY K¶¸‡jv‡Z 25 AvmevecÎ I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶v m¤úK©xq miÄvgvw`i e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e| mvaviYZt wb‡Pi Zjv| Mevw`cï I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwYi Rb¨ wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Dc‡ii Zjvq gvbe AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| †g‡S¸‡jvq †gvRvBK I ev_iæg¸‡jv UvBjm ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z †avqv †gvQv I hZœ mnRZi nq| AvkÖq†K›`ª¸‡jvi wWRvBb n‡Z n‡e N›Uvq 260 wK wg MwZ‡eM m¤úbœ evZvm cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZvi Ges wewìs-Gi D”PZv wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e R‡jv”Qv‡mi D”PZviI AwaK| cÖ‡qvR‡b fwel¨‡Z D”P eûZj wewkó fe‡bi Dbœq‡bi fvimvg¨ en‡bi DuPz ¶gZvm¤úbœ wfwË wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| 39. 3 bs †kªYxfz³ Avkªq‡K›`ª ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi AwaK cQ›`bxq I AwaK e¨eüZ nq, †h‡nZz GUvi cÖ_g Zjv cï m¤ú‡`i ¯’vb msKzjvb K‡i| 2 bs I 4 bs †kÖYxfy³ Avkªq‡K›`ªi Rb¨ e„nËi cwimi I cÖvwYK~‡ji Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ ‡Kjøv ¯’vc‡bi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e; Kv‡RB GUv A‡bK Kg‡¶‡Î wbg©vY Kiv nq| cïcÖvwYi AvkÖq †hLv‡b we‡eP¨ welq, †mLv‡b mPivPi 3 bs †kÖYxfz³ Avkªq‡K›`ª wbwg©Z nq| AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi wWRvBb ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q wPivwqZ MÖnY‡hvM¨ I Dc‡hvMx n‡Z n‡e | GUv GKwU MwZkxj cÖwµqv Ges bZzb bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©v‡Yi d‡j DbœZ wWRvBb D™¢vweZ n‡e| mswkøó 40. wewfbœ †m±i cÖKímg~‡n cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv AeKvVv‡gvi AvBbx wewa I wbqgbxwZ RvZxq weavb `wj‡j ¯^xK…Z Zv cybe©vmb cÖK‡íi wbg©vY Kv‡R cwi‡ekMZ ¸iæ‡Z¡i we‡eP¨ welq| cÿvšÍ‡i, RvZxq cvwb e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv cÖKí AvIZvq cvwb m¤ú` cwiKíbv ms¯’v (WweøDGAviwcI) KZ©„K ‰Zix cwi‡ekMZ wbivc` cvwb e¨e¯’vcbvi wb‡`©kbv wnmv‡e cÖ‡qvRbxq †idv‡iÝ `wjj GB wb‡`©wkKv BGgGd KZ©„K M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| cÖavb cÖvmw½K bxwZgvjv¸‡jv n‡”Q t 41. cwi‡ek msi¶Y aviYv RvZxq ch©vq cÖ_g ¯^xK…Z nq I evsjv‡`‡k ¯^xK…Z nq cwi‡ek bxwZ 1992-Gi mv‡_ I cwi‡ek Kg© cwiKíbv 1992 Aej¤^‡b| cwi‡ek bxwZgvjvi g~j D‡Ïk¨mg~n n‡”Q (1) cwi‡ek fvimvg¨ i¶v I mvgwMÖK Dbœq‡b cwi‡ek msi¶Y I DbœwZ weavb (2) cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM †_‡K †`k‡K i¶v Kiv (3) cwi‡ek `~lY I jNyKi‡Yi KviY mbv³KiY I Zv `~ixKiY (4) mKj †m±‡i cwi‡e‡ki AwaK DbœwZ wbwðZ KiY (5) cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡`i cwi‡ek msi¶‡Y `xN©‡gqv`x I †UKmB e¨e¯’v wbwðZKiY I (6) hZUzKz m¤¢e AvšÍR©vwZK cwi‡ek †bZ…‡Z¡i mv‡_ Kvh©‡¶‡Î m¤ú„³ nIqv| 42. GB AvBb cwi‡ek msi¶Y, cwi‡ek Dbœqb gvÎv I wbqš¿Y Ges cwi‡ek `~lY wbim‡bi Rb¨ cÖYxZ nq| GUvB eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k cwi‡ek msi¶Y m¤úwK©Z g~j KvVv‡gv `wjj hv c~‡e©i cwi‡ek `~lY wbqš¿Y Aa¨v‡`k 1977-G Gi e`‡j ms‡kvwaZ| 43. AvB‡bi g~j kZ©vejx mvi ms‡¶c Giƒc t cwi‡ekMZfv‡e bvRyK GjvKvmg~n †NvlYv Kiv I Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv I c×wZi msi¶Y hv cwi‡ekMZ bvRyK GjvKvq cwiPvjbv n‡Z cv‡i ev bv n‡Z cv‡i; cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ hvbevnb †_‡K wbM©Z ¶wZKi †avqvi Rb¨ weavb ˆZix Kiv; wkí KviLvbv ev Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb Kg©Kv‡Û `~lYgy³ Qvoc‡Îi weavb Kiv; `~lYgy³ evZvm, cvwb, kã I gvwUi wewfbœ D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨envi I wewfbœ GjvKvi ¸Ygv‡bi †NvlYv †`Iqv; 26 cwiwgZ gvÎvq eR©¨ wbM©Z I cÖev‡ni †NvlYv †`Iqv; Ges cwi‡ek wb‡`©wkKv cÖYqb I †NvlYv cÖ`vb; iæjm iæjm cwi‡ek Aebqb I `~l‡Yi wewfbœ aib I KviY AbymÜvb Kiv; cwi‡ek msi¶Y DbœwZ I `~l‡Yi KviY AbymÜvb I M‡elYv Kv‡R DrmvwnZ Kiv; gvbe Rxeb hvÎv e¨vnZ K‡i ev cwi‡e‡ki ¶wZ K‡i Ggb Kg©KvÛ iwnZ Kivi ¶gZv `~lY Øviv ÿwZMÖ¯Í GjvKv‡K cwi‡ekRwbZ bvRyK GjvKv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv †`Iqvi ¶gZv AvB‡bi AvIZvq wkí KviLvbvi cwiPvjKMY/cÖK‡íi cwiPvjKMY †h †Kvb `~l‡Yi NUbv gnvcwiPvjK‡K Aek¨B AewnZ Ki‡e| `~N©Ubv RwbZ `~lY NU‡j gnvcwiPvjK Zv †iv‡a Dcvq Aej¤^b wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z cv‡ib I wbR wbR cwiPvjKMY mnvqZv cÖ`v‡Y eva¨ _vK‡eb| cwiPvjKMY `yN©Ubvi e¨qfvi wba©viY I m¤¢ve¨ ¶wZc~iY cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡eb| 45. GB¸wj n‡”Q cÖv_wgK †mB me wewa †h¸‡jv cwi‡ek msi¶Y AvBb 1995-Gi Aax‡b Rvix Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨vb¨ wel‡qi g‡a¨ G me wewai g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q (1) e× evZvm, wewfbœ ai‡bi cvwb, wkí, eR©¨, wbtmiY, kã, hvbevn‡bi †auvqv BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ RvZxq cwi‡ek gvb wbY©q, (2) cwi‡ek Qvoc‡Îi Rb¨ Pvwn`v I c×wZ Ges (3) AvBBB/BAvBG Pvwn`v Abymv‡i wkí KviLvbv I Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb Kvh©Kjvc †kÖwYKiY| 46. Z‡e, Av‡e`b Kvix‡K cwi‡ek QvocÎ cÖ`vb wewai AvIZvq we‡kl KiYxq _v‡K| wkí ¯’vb/mvBU wbe©vP‡b QvocÎ cÖ`v‡b wWwRi we‡ePbv mwVK e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| 47. eZ©gv‡b, Òwkí KviLvbvi Rb¨ BAvBG wb‡`©wkKvÓ cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ n‡q _v‡K I Òcwi‡ek msi¶Y AvBb 1997Ó cwi‡ek MZ Ae¯’v I cÖfve wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ h_vixwZ `wjj wn‡m‡e wb‡`©kbv `vb K‡i| †h †Kvb wkícÖKí MVb ev cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb Òcwi‡ek QvocÎ mb`Ó cwi‡ek msi¶Y AvBb 1995 ms‡kvwaZ 2002-Gi AvIZvq hv AR©b Ki‡Z cwi‡ek Awa`ßi (wWIB)i Øvi¯’ n‡Z n‡e | 48. cwi‡ek msi¶Y wewagvjv (BwmAvi)-Gi 7 bs wewa 7 cÖKímg~n‡K wefw³ bx‡Pi PviwU ‡kÖYx‡Z wefvwRZ K‡i‡Q cwiw¯’wZ I cwi‡ekMZ cÖfv‡ei Dci wfwË K‡i, (K) meyR, (L) Kgjv-G, (M) Kgjv-we, (N) jvj| wewfbœ wkí KviLvbv I cÖKí¸‡jv †Kvb †kÖYxf~³ n‡e Zv wmwWDj-1 BwmAvi 1997 Abyhvqx ZvwjKvf~³ n‡e| wewa Abyhvqx, mKj we`¨gvb I cÖ¯ÍvweZ wkí BDwbU I cÖKímg~n meyR †kÖYx‡Z n‡j BAvBG QvovB cwi‡ek QvocÎ mb` Bmy¨ n‡e | Z‡e, K¨vUvMix K I L Ges jv‡ji Rb¨ cÖKímg~‡ni Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb ¯’vb QvocÎ mb` I Zv Bmy¨i Rb¨ Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK cÖ‡qvRbxq `wjjvw` Rgv w`‡Z n‡e| meyR ZvwjKvf~³ wkí KviLvbvmg~n `~lYgy³ e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e, hvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i †Kvb cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii ¯’vb Qvoc‡Îi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv| Aciw`‡K, hviv jvj ZvwjKvf~³ wkí KviLvbv Zv‡`i †ejvq Ô¸iæZ¡c~Y© weiƒcÕ cwi‡ekMZ cÖfv‡ei KviY †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i weavq BAvBG wi‡cvU© Rgv †`Iqvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †`Lv †`q| GB mg¯Í wkí cÖKí cÖviw¤¢K mvBU QvocÎ wb‡Z cv‡i Z‡e AvBBB wfw˵‡g cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii wb‡`©wkZ dig¨v‡U I cieZ©xKv‡j cwi‡ek Qvoc‡Îi Rb¨ BAvBG wi‡cvU© cÖ`vb Ki‡e| 49. evsjv‡`k miKvi RvZxq f~wg e¨envi bxwZ 2001 MÖnY K‡i‡Q| G bxwZi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ ˆewkó¨mg~n n‡”Q: 27 µgewa©òz Rb msL¨vi Pvwn`v c~i‡Y Lv`¨ Drcv`‡bi j‡¶¨ Avevw` f~wgi avivevwnKZv I mymsnZ wejywßi Pjgvb cÖeYZv †iva Kiv; cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡ki AbyK~‡j f~wg e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv; `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb I Kg© ms¯’vb e„w×i j‡¶¨ f~wgnxb gvby‡li msL¨v Ae¨vnZfv‡e e„w× cÖwZ‡ivaK‡í m¤£ve¨ m‡e©vËg cš’vq f~wg m¤ú` e¨envi I cwic~iK Ae`vb ivLv; cÖvK…wZK ebvÂj i¶v Kiv, b`x fv½b I cvnvo aŸsm eÜ Kiv; f~wg `~lY †iva Kiv; Ges miKvwi I †emiKvwi feb wbg©v‡Y b~¨bZg f~wg cÖ‡qvM wbwðZ Kiv| 50. G AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ I j¶¨ n‡”Q AvBbMZ Kvh©Kjv‡ci gva¨‡g cwi‡ek msi¶Y AvBb, 1995 ev¯Íevqb Kiv| G AvB‡bi AvIZvq cwi‡ek Av`vjZ MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q (cÖwZ wefv‡M GK ev GKvwaK), Av`vjZmg~‡ni GLwZqvi wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Av`vj‡Zi ¶gZv I Kvh© c×wZ, AvBbMZ Z`‡šÍi AwaKvi Ges Avcxj mn Avcxj Av`vjZ MV‡bi iƒc‡iLv eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| 51. G AvB‡b i‡q‡Q KviLvbvi kÖwgK‡`i †ckvMZ AwaKvi I wbivcËv Ges Avivg`vqK Kg© cwi‡ek I hyw³ m½Z Kg© cwiw¯’wZi myweavi welq| G AvB‡bi lô cwi‡”Q‡` we‡ùviK c`v_© A_ev `vn¨ a~wjKYv/M¨vm m¤ú‡K© wbivcËv mZK©Zv, P¶z msi¶Y, AwMœ cÖwZ‡iva, KwcKj A_ev D‡ËvjK hš¿cvwZ mn‡hv‡M KvR Kiv, AZ¨vwaK fvi en‡bi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv welqvw` ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Aóg cwi‡”Q` wbivcËv welqK myweavw` †hgb, cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi miÄvgvw`, wbivcËv †iKW© ewn i¶Yv‡e¶Y, wkï‡`i Ni, Avevmb myweav, wPwKrmv †mev, MÖæc exgv BZ¨vw`i cÖm½ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| 52. G n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki miKvwi cÖwKDi‡g›U wewa Ges G wewa miKvwi, Avav-miKvwi A_ev AvB‡bi AvIZvq cÖwZwôZ †Kv‡bv ˆea ms¯’v KZ©„K gvjvgvj, Kg© `vwqZ¡ A_ev †mev msMÖ‡ni †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| G wewai AvIZvq wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Òcwi‡e‡ki i¶vKeP, wbivcËv I cÖwZi¶viÓ ch©vß e¨e¯’vw` ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| G avivq cÖavbZ ejv n‡q‡Q, wVKv`viMY hveZxq hyw³ m½Z c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡eb| (1) mvB‡U Kg©iZ mKj kÖwg‡Ki Ges Acivci e¨w³eM© hviv mvB‡U hvZvqv‡Zi AwaKvi jvf Ki‡eb, Zv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨ myi¶v I wbivcËv wbwðZ Kiv Ges mvBU‡K h_vh_ Ae¯’vq ivLvi j‡¶¨ Ges (2) mvB‡Ui wfZ‡i I evB‡i cwi‡ek msi¶Y Kiv Ges wVKv`vi‡`i Kvh© cÖwµqv †_‡K D™¢~Z `~lY, kã A_ev Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡Y e¨w³ we‡k‡li A_ev miKvwi †emiKvwi m¤úwËi ¶wZ A_ev weNœ m„wó iwnZ Kivi j‡¶¨| 53. GB †KvW ev bxwZgvjvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i mKj fe‡bi wWRvBb wbg©vY| wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ¸YMZ gvb, e¨envi I †fvM¯^Z¡, Ae¯’vb I i¶vYv‡e¶‡Yi b~¨bZg gvb i¶v Kiv hv‡Z K‡i febmg~‡n cÖvY, A½ cÖZ¨½, ¯^v¯’¨, m¤úwË I Rb Kj¨v‡Yi i¶vKeP AR©bxq mxgv‡iLvq Ave× ivLv hvq | 54. †Kv‡Wi Ask-7, Aa¨vq-3 G ewY©Z n‡q‡Q wbg©vYKv‡j kÖwgK‡`i wbivcËvi welqvw` Ges G cÖm‡½ we‡kl gvbm¤úbœ wewfbœ ai‡Yi wbivcËv miÄvgvw`i we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY| wbg©vYKv‡j kÖwgK‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwK m¤ú‡K© G Aa¨v‡q ewY©Z n‡q‡Q mvB‡U wbg©vY PjvKv‡j wewfbœ ai‡Yi ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwK hv N‡U _v‡K Ges GKB m‡½ †mB me ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwK cÖwZ‡iv‡ai we‡kl 28 we‡kl c`‡¶c| kÖwgK‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨ m¤§Z Kg©¯’‡ji wbðqZv cÖ`v‡bi j‡¶¨ G Aa¨v‡q `~wlZ evqy wbM©g‡bi evZvqb, cÖwZi¶vg~jK e¨e¯’vw`, ¯^v¯’¨ cix¶v BZ¨vw`i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Gme Av‡qvRb PvKzix`vZv KZ©„K M„nxZ n‡e kÖwgK‡`i ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Kg©¯’j wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨| 55. †Kv‡Wi 7 As‡ki cÖ_g Aa¨v‡qi 1.4.1 aviv Abyhvqx Rvbv hvq mvaviY RbMY I kÖwgK‡`i cÖwZ PvKzix`vZv‡`i mvaviY KZ©e¨mg~n| G avivq ejv n‡q‡Q, Òwbg©vYKv‡Ri ¯^v‡_© wbwg©Z mKj miÄvgvw` I wbivcËvg~jK DcKiY h_v_©fv‡e wbwg©Z n‡Z n‡e, †hgb, ¶Y¯’vqx wmuwo, gB, Xvj, gvPvb, †nv‡q÷, ivbI‡q, e¨wi‡KW, Pz¨U, wjd&U BZ¨vw` hv‡Z K‡i †m¸‡jv e¨envi Kivi mgq kÖwgK‡`i A_ev †m¸wji Dci bxP w`‡q wKsev mwbœKU¯’ ¯’vb w`‡q Pjv‡divi mgq kÖwgK‡`i Ges mvaviY gvby‡li Rb¨ Awbivc` cwiw¯’wZ m„wó bv nq|Ó 56. †Kv‡Wi 7 As‡ki 1 Aa¨v‡q kÖwgK‡`i wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ wKQz mZK©g~jK c`‡¶c Aej¤^‡bi Rb¨ wbg©vY KZ©„c¶‡K my¯úó wb‡`©kbv †`qv n‡q‡Q| †Kv‡Wi 7 As‡ki 1 Aa¨v‡qi 1.2.1 avivq ejv n‡q‡Q, Òwbg©vY A_ev †f‡½ †djvi Kv‡R gvwjK I wVKv`v‡ii g‡a¨ Ges KbmvjU¨v›U I gvwj‡Ki g‡a¨ Pzw³i kZ©vejx my¯úó fvlvq wjwLZ n‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡Wi wewfbœ cÖm‡½ Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ wewagvjv I Dcwewa mg~n †_‡K Gme kZ©vejx gvwjKc¶‡K Zvi `vwqZ¡ mg~n †_‡K wb¯‹…wZ †`‡e bv| gvwjK c¶ I wVKv`v‡ii g‡a¨ Pzw³i kZ©vejx‡Z cÖvmw½K AvBb I wewa mg~n †hgb, wb‡qvMKvixi `vq m¤úwK©Z AvBb, 1938, kÖwgK‡`i ¶wZc~iY AvBb 1923 (evsjv‡`k kÖg AvBb 2006 m~wPZ nIqvi ci Gme AvBb ms‡kvwaZ n‡q‡Q) Gi Av‡jv‡K Dfq c‡¶i `vq-`vwqZ¡ wba©vwiZ _vK‡e|Ó 57. DuPz g †_‡K kÖwgK‡`i c‡o hvIqv cÖwZ‡iva K‡í †Kv‡Wi 7 As‡ki 3 Aa¨v‡qi 3.7.1 †_‡K 3.7.6 ch©šÍ avivmg~‡n gvPvb MVb I e¨env‡ii we¯ÍvwiZ wbqgvejx ewY©Z Av‡Q| GKB Aa¨v‡qi 3.9.2 avivq ejv n‡q‡Q, ÒcÖwZwU ¶Y¯’vqx †d¬vi I †cwbs G 900 wgwjwgUvi D”PZv m¤úbœ †iwjs _vK‡Z n‡e A_ev mve©¶wYK cvnvovi e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e| cÖwZwU †d¬vi †nv‡ji Rb¨ cv`vbxmn †iwjs Gi e¨e¯’v A_ev Kâv jvMv‡bv Kfv‡ii e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| weKí e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e mve©¶wYK †eovi e¨e¯’v A_ev AcmviY‡hvM¨ †iwjs w`‡Z n‡e| cÖwZwU M„nZjvi wmuwoi gy‡L 900 wgwjwgUvi D”PZv m¤úbœ †iwjs w`‡q †eov w`‡Z n‡e wmuwoi cÖ‡ekc_ e¨wZ‡i‡K mKj Db¥y³ As‡k| mKj j¨vWvi I‡q †d¬vi I‡cwbs A_ev cøvUdg© cÖ‡ekgyL e¨wZ‡i‡K cv`vbxmn †iwjs w`‡q †eov w`‡Z n‡e| f~wg †_‡K 1.2 wgUvi A_ev Z‡ZvwaK D”PZvq cÖwZwU Db¥y³ †d¬vi A_ev g cÖ‡ekc_ e¨wZ‡i‡K mew`‡K †iwjs w`‡Z n‡e| M„nZjv I Qv‡`i Db¥y³ cÖvšÍi eiveiI Abyiƒc mZK© e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|Ó 58. mgwš^Z bxwZgvjv wn‡m‡e cÖewZ©Z DcK~jxq AÂj bxwZ, 2005 LvZIqvix D‡Ïk¨ ewnf©~Z| G bxwZ‡Z i‡q‡Q mvaviY wb‡`©kbv hv w`‡q DcK~jxq RbMY wbivc` cwiw¯’wZ‡Z w¯’wZkxj c×wZ‡Z Zv‡`i Rxeb I RxweKv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z cv‡i cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡ki cÖwZ weNœ m„wó bv K‡i| G bxwZi KvVv‡gv‡Z grm¨ m¤ú` I wPswo, mvgyw`ªK grm¨, †¯ªvZR I Ab¨vb¨ AiY¨, f~wg, cï m¤ú`, jeY, LwbR `ªe¨ Ges Rj‡¯ªvZ, evqy I †mŠi kw³i g‡Zv bevqb‡hvM¨ kw³i g‡Zv cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`ivwRi w¯’wZkxj e¨e¯’vcbvi Bw½Z †`qv n‡q‡Q| msKURbK cÖwZ‡ek e¨e¯’vi msi¶Y I Dbœq‡bi Dci ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ evsjv‡`k RvZxq msi¶Y †KŠkj Abyhvqx ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mKj cÖwZ‡ek e¨e¯’vmn RjR I ¯’jR 29 cÖRvwZi msi¶Y I Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv n‡e (g¨vb‡MÖvZ, cÖevj cÖvPxi, †Rvqvi fvUv cÖevwnZ AeevwnKv, mvgyw`ªK Z…Y f~wg, cÖwZeÜK Øxc, Lvwo, Rjvkq BZ¨vw`)| 59. 2006 mv‡ji 13 †deªæqvix mgwš^Z DcK~jxq AÂj e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZ (AvBwm‡RWGgwc) msµvšÍ AvšÍ:gš¿Yvjq w÷qvwis KwgwU DcK~jxq Dbœqb †KŠkj Aby‡gv`b K‡i| G †KŠkj DcK~jxq AÂj bxwZi Av‡jv‡K iwPZ Ges ewa©òz bMivqb, f~wg e¨env‡ii cwiewZ©Z aviv, Acm„qgvb f~wg I cvwb m¤ú`, †eKviZ¡ I `„k¨gvb Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi g‡Zv weKvkgvb cÖeYZvmg~n wb‡q AvewZ©Z| G †KŠk‡ji AvIZvq 9wU AMÖvwaKviwfwËK welq i‡q‡Q hvi g‡a¨ wb¤œewY©Z 3wU wel‡q AMÖvwaKviwfwËK n¯Í‡ÿc cÖ¯ÍvweZ n‡q‡Q: gvbe m„ó I cÖvK…wZK wecwË †_‡K wbivcËv: (1) mvgyw`ªK euvavmg~‡ni kw³kvjxKiY I c~be©vmb Ges (2) †Kvwcs †gKvwbRg mn eûgyLx AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi gva¨‡g DcK~jxq A‡j fqven `y‡h©vM n«vm Kiv| cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`mg~‡ni w¯’wZkxj e¨e¯’vcbv: (1) cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡kxjZvi m‡½ wPswo Pvl, (2) DcK~jxq GjvKvmg~‡n bevqb‡hvM¨ R¦vjvwbi cÖeZ©b; Ges (3) mvgyw`ªK grm¨ Pvl I RxweKv Dbœqb| cwi‡ek msi¶Y: (1) mvgyw`ªK I DcK~jxq cwi‡ek Dbœqb; Ges (2) DcK~jxq cÖniv I wbivcËv DbœqbK‡í Ab¨vb¨ AvBb cÖ‡qvMKvix ms¯’vi cvkvcvwk †Kv÷vj MvW© kw³kvjxKiY| 60. `y‡h©vM msµvšÍ ¯’vqx Av‡`k cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv I D×viK‡í miKvwi cÖkvmb I mvgvwRK ms¯’vmg~‡ni mKj ¯Í‡i `¶Zv e„w×i j‡¶¨| G Av‡`‡k N~wY©So AvkÖq‡K›`ª wbg©vY, e¨e¯’vcbv, i¶Yv‡e¶Y I e¨envi cÖm‡½ wb‡`©kbv †`qv n‡q‡Q| D³ wb‡`©kbv †gvZv‡eK gvbe emwZ, †hvMv‡hvM myweav, wbKUZg AvkÖq†K›`ª †_‡K `~iZ¡ BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv mv‡c‡¶ N~wY©So AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Ae¯’vb evQvB‡qi j‡¶¨ cwiKíbv ch©v‡q †fŠ‡MvwjK Z_¨ e¨e¯’v (wRAvBGm) cÖhyw³ e¨envi Kiv n‡e| 61. P~ovšÍ wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi c~‡e© mswkøó †Rjv KwgwUi civgk© MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| N~wY©So AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni Rb¨ mnRmva¨ †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v evÂbxq hv‡Z K‡i `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq gvbyl AbwZwej‡¤^ AvkÖq †K‡›`ª †cuŠQv‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡Y N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni moK †hvMv‡hvM †Kej kni I cÖavb mo‡Ki m‡½ n‡j Pj‡e bv eis Zv cvk^eZ©x cjøx GjvKvmg~‡n we¯ÍvwiZ nIqv Avek¨K| AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n wbg©v‡Yi mgq Riæix cvwb, Lv`¨, m¨vwb‡Ukb Ges cï m¤ú‡`i Rb¨ AvkÖq¯’‡ji K_v we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| 62. evsjv‡`‡k f~wg AwaMÖnY wbqš¿YKvix cÖavb AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v n‡”Q A¯’vei m¤úwË AwaMÖnY I AwahvPb msµvšÍ AwW©b¨vÝ 1982 (1994 mvj ch©šÍ ms‡kvabxmg~n mn 1982 mv‡ji AwW©b¨vÝ-2) Ges evsjv‡`‡k f~wg cÖkvmb msµvšÍ Ab¨vb¨ f~wg AvBb I cÖkvmwbK g¨vby‡qj| D³ AwW©b¨vÝ Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k miKvi hLb g‡b Ki‡e †h †Kv‡bv ¯’vbxq GjvKvi †Kv‡bv m¤úwË RbM‡Yi Rb¨ A_ev Rb¯^v‡_© cÖ‡qvRb n‡”Q ev cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, ZLb mKivi †mB m¤úwË AwaMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e hw` ‡mB m¤úwË ag©xq Dcvmbv, gi†`n `vdb A_ev ke`v‡ni Kv‡R e¨eüZ bv n‡q _v‡K| 1982 AwW©b¨v‡Ý ejv n‡q‡Q, ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e (1) f~wg I m¤úwË ¯’vqxfv‡e AwaMÖnY Kiv n‡j (Rwgi dmj, MvQ cvjv, evwo Ni); Ges (2) AwaMÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y Ab¨ †h †Kvb ai‡bi ¶wZ n‡j †Rjv cÖkvmK wba©viY Ki‡eb (K) AwaMÖn‡Yi †bvwUk 30 Rvixi w`b †_‡K AwaMÖnYK…Z m¤úwËi evRvi`i (weMZ 12 gv‡m D³ GjvKvq Abyiƒc m¤úwËi µq Ges weµq eve` †iwRw÷ªK…Z g~‡j¨i wfwˇZ) Ges (L) eva¨Zvg~jK AwaMÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î wba©viYK…Z g~‡j¨i Dci 50% wcÖwgqvg (km¨KYv e¨wZ‡i‡K)| 1994 mv‡j ms‡kvabx‡Z eMv©Pvlx‡`i km¨KYvi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY cÖ`v‡bi weavb ivLv n‡q‡Q| mvaviYZ gvby‡liv Rwg µq-weµ‡q Ki cÖ`vb n«vmKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ Rwgi g~j¨ n«vm K‡i _v‡K, †mB cÖkvmK KZ©„K cÖ`Ë ¶wZc~iY wcÖwgqvgmn cÖK…Z evRvi `i A‡c¶v A‡bK Kg n‡q _v‡K| 63. G bxwZgvjvi j¶¨ n‡”Q Dbœqb cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g m„ó RbMY I Zv‡`i cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ AmgxPxb ¶wZ cÖwZ‡iva I wbimb Kiv| i¶vKeP bxwZgvjv cÖKí wWRvB‡b †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i AskMÖn‡Yi †¶Î ˆZix K‡i Ges ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i g‡a¨ gvwjKvbvi †PZbv m„wó‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| G bxwZgvjvi cÖwZ gbtms‡hv‡Mi cwiYwZ‡Z e¨vsK KZ©„K mnvqZv cÖvß cÖKí I Kg©m~Pxmg~‡ni Kvh©KvwiZv I Dbœqb cÖwZwµqv ch©vß cwigv‡Y e„w× †c‡q‡Q| wek^e¨vs‡Ki 10wU cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I i¶vKeP bxwZ bx‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv: : Iwc/wewc 4.01 cwi‡ek wbiƒcY Iwc/wewc 4.04 cÖvK…wZK Avevm ¯’j Iwc/wewc 4.09 KxUcZ½ e¨e¯’vcbv Iwc/wewc 4.11 †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú`mg~n Iwc/wewc 4.36 eb Iwc/wewc 4.37 euvamg~‡ni wbivcËv Iwc/wewc 4.10 Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwô Iwc/wewc 4.12 A‰bw”QK cybe©mwZ ¯’vcb Iwc/wewc 7.50 AvšÍR©vwZK †bŠc_ Iwc/wewc 7.60 weev`gvb GjvKvmg~n 64. Acv‡ikbvj bxwZgvjv (Iwc) n‡”Q FY MÖnxZv I e¨vs‡Ki f~wgKv I eva¨evaKZvmn bxwZi D‡Ïk¨mg~n I cwiPvjb msµvšÍ wbqgvejxi weeiY, Aciw`‡K e¨vsK c×wZmg~n (wewc) n‡”Q FYMÖwnZv I e¨vsK KZ©„K AbymiYxq Av‡`kg~jK c×wZmg~n| G¸wj Qvov cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv msµvšÍ AvBGdwm wb‡`©wkKv wek^e¨vsK MÖæc KZ©„K M„nxZ n‡q‡Q hv cwi‡ek i¶v I gwbUwis-Gi Rb¨I cÖvmw½K| Gme QvovI wek^ e¨vs‡Ki Z_¨cÖvwß msµvšÍ bxwZ cwi‡ek i¶vKe‡Pi mnvqK| cwi‡ek i¶vKeP I Z_¨cÖvwß bxwZ Ges AvBGdwm wb‡`©wkKv wb‡¤œ ewY©Z n‡jv: 31 65. G bxwZ QÎ i¶vKeP bxwZ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ hvi gva¨‡g e¨vsK FY`vb cwiPvj‡bi m‡½ m¤ú„³ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ‡bwZevPK cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n mbv³ Kiv, cwinvi Kiv I wbimb Kiv hvq| wek^e¨vsK cwiPvj‡b cwi‡ek wbiƒc‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q wm×všÍ MÖnY Dbœqb Kiv, cÖK‡íi we‡ePbvaxb weKí c`‡¶cmg~n h_vh_ I w¯’wZkxj wKbv Ges ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i m‡½ h_vh_ Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kiv| BG cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ FYMÖnxZv `vqx _vK‡eb Ges e¨vsK FYMÖnxZv‡K e¨vs‡Ki BG Pvwn`v m¤ú‡K© civgk© †`‡eb| e¨vsK cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí‡K wZbwU gyL¨ K¨vUvMwi‡Z †kÖwYf~³ K‡i‡Q cÖK‡íi aib, Ae¯’vb, ms‡e`bkxjZv I gvÎv Ges ¸i”Z¡c~Y© cwi‡ek cÖfvemg~‡ni cÖK…wZ I e¨vwßi Dci wfwË K‡i| K¨vUvMwi ÔKÕ t cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi m¤¢eZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weiƒc cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve i‡q‡Q †h¸wj ms‡e`bkxj, ˆewPΨc~Y©, A_ev Af~Zc~e©| Gme cÖfve mvBU A‡c¶v e„nËi GjvKvq Ges †fŠZ Kvh©Kjvc mv‡c‡¶ myweavw`i ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| K¨vUvMwi ÔLÕ t gvbeKzj A_ev cwi‡ekMZfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GjvKvmg~n †hgb, Rjvf~wg, ebvÂj, Z…Yf~wg A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK Avevm¯’jmg~‡ni Dci cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weiƒc cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n K¨vUvMwi ÔKÕ †kÖwYf~³ cÖKímg~‡ni Zzjbvq Kg ¶wZKi| K¨vUvMwi ÔLÕ-Gi cÖfvemg~n mvBU †Kw›`ªK; Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bvwU Avevi AcwieZ©bxq; Ges AwaKvsk †¶‡Î wbimbg~jK c`‡¶cmg~n K¨vUvMwi ÔKÕ †kÖwYf~³ cÖK‡íi Zzjbvq AwaKZi Zvr¶wYKfv‡e wWRvBb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| K¨vUvMwi ÔMÕ t cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKíwUi †Kv‡bv weiƒc cÖfve _vK‡ebv, _vK‡jI Zv n‡e hrmvgvb¨| 66. `xN©‡gqv`x †UKmB Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖvK…wZK Avevm¯’‡ji msi¶Y Avek¨K| †mBRb¨ e¨vsK cÖvK…wZK Avevm ¯’jmg~‡ni cÖwZi¶v, i¶Yv‡e¶Y I cybe©vm‡b Ges e¨vs‡Ki A_©‰bwZK I †m±i Kv‡R, cÖKí A_©vq‡Y Ges bxwZMZ msjv‡c †mm‡ei Kvh©KvwiZvq mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| cwi‡ekMZfv‡e †UKmB Dbœq‡bi my‡hvM wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ FY MÖwnZviv cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq mZK©Zvg~jK cÖqvm cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e Ggb cÖZ¨vkv e¨vs‡Ki| e¨vsK H mg¯Í cÖK‡í mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i bv hviv msKURbK cÖvK…wZK Avevm¯’‡ji cwieZ©b I Aebqb K‡i _v‡K| 67. KxUcZ½ e¨e¯’vcbv bxwZi j¶¨ n‡”Q KxUbvkK cÖ‡qvMRwYZ cwi‡ek I ¯^v¯’¨SzuwK n«vm Kiv Ges e¨e¯’vcbv Kiv, Ges GKB m‡½ wbivc`, djcÖm~ I cwi‡ekMZfv‡e h‡_vchy³ KxUcZ½ e¨e¯’vi Dbœqb I A_©vqb Kiv| e¨vsK KZ…©K A_©vqbcyó †Kv‡bv cÖK‡íi KxUbvkK msMÖn cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖ‡qvM I AvMÖnx e¨enviKvix‡K we‡ePbvq †i‡L mswkøó SzuwKmg~‡ni cÖK…Z I gvÎv wbic‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj| K…wl A_ev Rb¯^v‡¯’i Rb¨ ¶wZKi KxUcZ½ e¨e¯’vcbvq e¨vsK †mB †KŠkj‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i hv ˆRe A_ev cwi‡ekMZ wbqš¿b c×wZi cÖ‡qvM Dbœqb K‡i Ges ms‡kølx imvqwbK KxUbvk‡Ki Dci wbf©ikxjZv n«vm K‡i| e¨vsK KZ©„K A_©cyó cÖKímg~‡n FYMÖnxZv cÖK‡íi cwi‡ek wbiƒc‡Yi Av‡jv‡K KxUcZ½ e¨e¯’vcbv †gvKv‡ejv K‡i _v‡K| KxU cZ½ e¨e¯’vcbvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ †Kv‡bv cÖK‡íi g~j¨vq‡b e¨vsK †`‡ki AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv I cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni `¶Zv wba©viY Ki‡e wbivc`, djcÖm~ I cwi‡ekMZfv‡e h‡_vchy³ KxUcZ½ e¨e¯’vcbvi Dbœqb I mnvqZvi Rb¨| 68. †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú` ej‡Z H mgšÍ ¯’vei A_ev A¯’vei e¯‘, mvBU, ¯’vcbv, ¯’vcbv¸”Q Ges cÖvK…wZK Aeqe I f~- `„k¨‡K eySvq †h¸wji cÖZ¥ZvwË¡K, Rxevk¥ZvwË¡K, HwZnvwmK, ¯’vcwZ¨K, ag©xq b›`bZvwËK A_ev Acivci mvs¯‹…wZK ¸iæZ¡ i‡q‡Q| †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú` g~j¨evb ˆeÁvwbK I HwZnvwmK Z‡_¨i Drm wn‡m‡e, A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK 32 Dbœq‡bi g~jab wn‡m‡e Ges RbM‡Yi mvs¯‹…wZK cwiwPwZ I AvPi‡Yi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e ¸i”Z¡c~Y©| e¨vsK Zv‡`i A_©cyó Dbœqb cÖK‡íi gva¨‡g †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú`mg~‡ni weiƒc cÖfve cwinvi A_ev wbim‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †`k‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| wbimb c`‡¶cmg~n mn cÖKí DrmvwnZ cÖfvemg~n hv †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú`mg~‡ni Dci cÖwZdwjZ nq Zv cÖvmw½K AvšÍR©vwZK cwi‡ek Pzw³ I mg‡SvZvi Av‡jv‡K FYMÖnwZvi RvZxq wewamg~n A_ev †m¸wji eva¨evaKZv cwicwš’ bq| cwi‡ekMZ wbiƒcY cÖwµqvi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e FYMÖnwZv e¨vsK A_©vq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡í †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú‡`i Dci cÖfvemg~‡ni wb¯úwË Ki‡eb| 69. ebvÂj ej‡Z eySvq Ggb GKwU GjvKv hv 1.0 †n±‡ii Kg bq Ges hvi 10 kZvsk GjvKv MvQcvjvq Ave„Z| MvQ¸wji cwiYZ eq‡m b~¨bZg `yB wgUvi D”PZv wewkó nIqvi m¤¢vebv _vKv evÃbxq| ebvÂj n‡Z cv‡i e× ebf~wg A_ev Db¥y³ ebf~wg| e× ebf~wg‡Z wewfbœ D”PZvi MvQcvjvi Zj‡`‡k wewfbœ cÖRvwZi j Zv ¸j¥ _v‡K| ebv‡ji msÁvi g‡a¨ ebR Drcbœ| eb i¶v, e‡bi eûgyLx e¨envi I msi¶‡Yi K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q hvi AvbyôvwbK ¯^xK…wZ _vKzK ev bv _vKzK| ebv‡ji msÁvi g‡a¨ †mB me GjvKvi K_v D‡jøL Kiv nqwb hv Nbxf~Z e„¶v”Qvw`Z bq, †hgb- K…wl‡¶Î, PviYf~wg wKsev NiemwZ| †hme ebv‡ji cwigvY Kg, †mLv‡b msÁv wkw_j Kiv nq| e„‡¶i NbZ¡ 10 kZvs‡ki bx‡P n‡jI †mLv‡b ¯’vbxq cwiw¯’wZi wbix‡L e„¶v”Qvw`Z GjvKv‡K ebvÂj wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| e¨vs‡Ki eb msµvšÍ bxwZ‡Z ¯’vqxfv‡e `vwi`ª¨ n«vmKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ ebv‡ji ¸iæ‡Z¡i K_v, A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b e‡bi Kvh©Ki mgš^‡qi K_v, Aebvqb n«vmKi‡Yi j¶¨, ebvqb Dbœqb, ebvÂjmg~‡ni cwi‡ekMZ Ae`vb e„w×i K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| ebv‡ji mvgMÖx I †mevi ewa©òz Pvwn`v †gUv‡bvi j‡¶¨ cwi‡ekMZfv‡e h_vh_, mvgvwRKfv‡e Kj¨vYKi I A_©‰bwZKfv‡e ev¯Íeeag©x ebvqb m„wó I e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ e¨vsK FYMÖnxZv‡`i mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| 70. wek^e¨vsK hLb bZzb euv‡ai Rb¨ A_©vqb K‡i, ZLb euva msµvšÍ wbivcËv bxwZ Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRb AwfÁ I †hvM¨ †ckvRxwe‡`i hviv wbg©vY Kv‡Ri wWRvBb I Z`viwK Ki‡eb| GQvov, cÖKí P‡µi gva¨‡g euv‡ai wbivcËv welqK c`‡¶cmg~n FYMÖnxZv MÖnY I ev¯Íevqb Ki‡eb| G bxwZ we`¨gvb euva¸wji †¶‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨, †hLv‡b Zviv cÖKí cvid‡g©‡Ýi Rb¨ Ae`vb iv‡Lb| G‡¶‡Î euva wbivcËv wbiƒcb Kiv Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq AwZwi³ euva wbivcËv c`‡¶c mg~n ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e| 71. G bxwZ cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq A‰bw”QK f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î Ges ˆeafv‡e wba©vwiZ cvK© I msiw¶Z GjvKvmg~‡n AbycÖ‡e‡ki Dci A‰bw”QK wb‡lavÁvi †¶‡Î| G bxwZi j¶¨ n‡”Q hZ`~i m¤¢e A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb cwinvi Kiv, A_ev Zvi weiƒc mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK cÖfve n«vm Kiv I wbimb Kiv| G bxwZ cybe©vmb msµvšÍ cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b AcmvwiZ e¨w³‡`i AskMÖnY DrmvwnZ K‡i Ges Gi cÖavb A_©‰bwZK j¶¨ n‡”Q AcmvwiZ e¨w³‡`i Dbœq‡bi cÖqv‡m A_ev wb‡`bc‡¶ AcmviY cieZ©xKv‡j Zv‡`i DcvR©b I Rxeb hvc‡bi gvb cybiæ×vi Kiv| G bxwZ j¶¨mg~n AR©‡bi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iYmn Ab¨vb¨ cybe©vmb msµvšÍ c`‡¶‡ci K_v D‡jøL K‡i Ges cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi e¨vsK g~j¨vq‡bi c~‡e© FYMÖnxZvMY‡K ch©vß cybe©vmb cwiKíbv msµvšÍ KvMRcÎ ˆZix Ki‡Z AvÁv `vb K‡i| 33 72. ÒAvw`evmx Rb‡MvwôÓ K_vwU RvwZMZ A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Ges Gi Øviv †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q GKwU ¯^Zš¿, `y`©kvMÖ¯’, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK †Mvwôi gvbyl‡`i, hv‡`i g‡a¨ wb¤œewY©Z ˆewkó¨mg~n Kg‡ewk we`¨gvb| GKwU ¯^Zš¿ Avw`evmx mvs¯‹…wZK †Mvwôi m`m¨ wn‡m‡e AvZ¥-cwiwPwZ Ges †mB cwiwPwZi mvgvwRK ¯^xK…wZ; cÖKí GjvKvq †fŠ‡MvwjKfv‡e wbw`©ó GKwU Avevm¯’‡j A_ev c~e© cyiæ‡li f~L‡Û ‡RvUe× n‡q emevm Ges Gme Avevm¯’j I f~L‡Ûi cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡`i cÖwZ we‡kl AbyivM; cÖ_vMZ mvs¯‹…wZK A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK A_ev ivR‰bwZK cÖwZôvb Zv‡`i _vK‡e hv e„nËi Rb †Mvwôi mgvR I ms¯‹…wZ †_‡K wfbœZi; Ges Zv‡`i wbR¯^ Avw`evmx fvlv _vK‡e hv †`‡ki/A‡ji `vßwiK fvlv †_‡K wfbœ| 73. e¨vsK cÖKí mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i †Kej †mB †¶‡Î hLb ¶wZMÖ¯Í Avw`evmx gvby‡liv gy³, c~e© wba©vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g cÖK‡íi Kv‡Q Kgy¨wbwU mnvqZvi Av‡e`b Rvbvq| G RvZxq e¨vsK A_©vqb cyó cÖKímg~n †hme c`‡¶c MÖnY K‡i Zv n‡”Q (K) Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwôi Dci ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weiƒc cÖfve cwinvi Kiv; A_ev (L) cwinvi Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j cÖfve mg~n jvNe Kiv; wbimb Kiv A_ev ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb Kiv| e¨vsK KZ©„K A_©vqb cyó cÖKímg~n‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z nq †h Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwô mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZKfv‡e DcK…Z n‡e hv ms¯‹…wZMZfv‡e h_vh_ Ges †RÛvi I AvšÍ-cÖRb¥ †Kw›`ªK| 74. wek^ e¨vsK †Mvwô (WeøywewR) AvšÍR©vwZK A_© Znwej 2008-Gi cwi‡ek, ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv wb‡`©wkKv n‡”Q wkívqb A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖKímg~‡ni Rb¨ cwi‡ek, ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv welqK wb‡`©wkKv| G wb‡`©wkKvi g‡a¨ wbwnZ Av‡Q Kg© m¤úª`v‡qi gvÎv I c`‡¶cmg~n †h¸wj we`¨gvb cÖhyw³ mn‡hv‡M mnbxq e¨‡q bZzb my‡hvM myweavq AR©bxq e‡j we‡ewPZ| BGBGm wb‡`©wkKvq ewY©Z gvÎv I c`‡¶cmg~n hLb ¯^vMwZK †`‡ki wewagvjv ewnf©~Z nq, ZLb cÖKímg~n KZ…©K †h¸wj AwaKZi Avewk¨K †m¸wj AbymiY Kiv n‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv nq| BGBPGm wb‡`©wkKvq ewY©Z gvÎv I c`‡¶cmg~‡ni Zzjbvq hw` Abym„Z gvÎv I c`‡¶cmg~n h_vh_ nq, †m‡¶‡Î mswkøó cÖKí cwiw¯’wZi we‡ePbvq mvBUwfwËK cwi‡ek MZ Ae¯’v wbiƒc‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e cÖ¯ÍvweZ weKí e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ we¯ÍvwiZ †hŠw³KZv Avek¨K n‡e| †hŠw³KZvq ej‡Z n‡e †h gvbe ¯^v¯’¨ I cwi‡ek i¶vi AvbyK~‡j¨ Kg©m¤úv`‡bi weKí gvÎv †e‡Q †bIqv n‡q‡Q | 75. wbg©vY I wWKwgkwbs msµvšÍ BGBP wb‡`©wkKv 4bs avivq Kgy¨wbwU ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËvi cÖfvemg~‡ni cÖwZ‡iva I wbqš¿Y AwZwi³ we‡kl wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, †h¸wj bZzb cÖKí DbœqbKv‡j cÖK‡íi Rxeb P‡µi †k‡l A_ev cÖK í myweavw`i m¤úªmviY A_ev ms¯‹vi mva‡bi Kvi‡Y NU‡Z cv‡i| 34 © 76. we`¨gvb wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni GKBcÖv½‡Y moK msjMœ bZzb AvkÖq †K›`ª/¯‹zj feb wbg©vY Kiv n‡e I ev¯Íevqb ch©v‡q †m¸wj‡K wPwýZ Kiv n‡e| mvaviYZ cÖKí KZ©„K eûgyLx AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi msL¨v e„w× cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMKvjxb gvbe I Mevw`cïi wbivc` AvkÖq‡K e„w× Ki‡e| cÖKí †h †Kv‡bv cwi‡ek/mvgvwRK cÖfv‡ei Avw_©K ¶wZ we‡ePbv Ki‡e bv| mvBU wfwËK I cÖKí mxgvbvi g‡a¨ AvewZ©Z cÖK‡íi cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n eûjvs‡k wbg©vY m¤úwK©Z| h_vh_ cwi‡ekMZ AvPiYwewa I cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g GB mg¯Í cÖfve wbimY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 77. BwmAvi-G N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY ¯úóiƒ‡c ‡kÖYxfz³ Kiv nqwb| Z‡e D‡jøL Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, eûZj feb wbg©vY‡K Kgjv L †kÖwYfy³ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq hv cÖv_wgK cwi‡ek cix¶v (AvBBB) /cwi‡ek wbiƒcY Avek¨K †eva K‡i| wbg©vY, cybwbg©vY I ms‡hvM moK m¤úªmviY‡K Kgjv L ch©v‡q †kÖwYf~³| cwi‡ek wbiƒcY/AvBB bZzb I N~wY©So AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi cybe©vmb I moK ms‡hvM KvR cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| hw` AvBBB‡Z cÖfve Av‡Q Zvn‡j ev¯Íevqb ms¯’v cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii wb‡`©wkKv I cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii QvocÎ †gvZv‡eK BAvBG Kvh©cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| mKj ms‡hvM moK Ges N~wY©So AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ mvBU Qvoc‡Îi `iKvi n‡e| 78. wbg©vY KvR PjvKvjxb kÖwgK‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv wbðqZvi R‡b¨ weGbwewm, wcwcAvi 2008, evsjv‡`k kÖg AvBb 2006 ewY©Z wb‡`©kbvmg~n GgwW Gmwc mivmwi ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Kg©‡¶Î cwi‡e‡k GB mg¯Í wb‡`©kbv wbðqZv cÖ`v‡b wVKv`vi‡`i (GjwRBwWi Z`viwK) `vwqZ¡kxj n‡Z n‡e| 79. wek¦ e¨vsK i¶vKeP bxwZi AvIZvq Dc-cÖK‡íi cÖK…Z Abyhvqx cÖKí‡K ÔLÕ ch©vqfy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dc-cÖK‡íi wWRvBb I ev¯Íevq‡b weiƒc cÖfve n«vm I BwZevPK cÖfve e„w× Kiv wbwðZ Ki‡e Zv †dvKvm Kivi R‡b¨ Iwc/wewc 4- 10 ejer Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_vh_ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ GKwU KvVv‡gvMZ cÖqvm Aej¤^b Kiv n‡e| 80. wbe©vwPZ we`¨gvb wk¶v cÖwZôvb¸wji mxgvbvf~w³i g‡a¨ bZzb `y‡h©vM AvkÖq‡K›`ª Kvg ¯‹zj feb wbg©vY Kiv n‡e| cÖK‡íi Kvh©¨vejx‡Z †Kvb iK‡gi msµvgK cÖ‡qvM Pj‡e bv| GB cÖK‡íi AvIZvq eb GjvKvi Kvh©vejx ev cÖvK…wZK Rš‘i evm¯’vb ev euvai¶v m¤úwK©Z mvnvh¨ Pj‡e bv| Aek¨B GUv Abwf‡cÖZ †h, †h †Kv‡bv wba©vwiZ †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK 35 m¤ú`mg~n Dc-cÖK‡íi Øviv ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i| †mBR‡b¨ Iwc/wewc 4.09, Iwc/wiwc 4.04, Iwc/wewc 4.11, Iwc/wewc 4.36 Ges Iwc/wewc 4.37 GB cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡ebv| 81. evQvB Kiv, wbimb c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv Ges wbg©vY I cwiPvjb i¶Yv‡e¶Y Dfq ch©v‡qi ch©‡e¶Y Kiv mswkøó ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’vi `vwqZ¡| 82. evsjv‡`‡k BAvBG AvBwb wfwË n‡jv cwi‡ek msi¶Y G¨vKU 1995 (BwmGÕ 95) I cwi‡ek msi¶Y bxwZgvjv 1997 (BwmAvi 97)| BwmGÕ95 I BwmAvi 97 Kvh©Ki‡Yi R‡b¨ cwi‡ek I eb gš¿Yvjq Aaxb cwi‡ek Awa`ßi wbqš¿YKvix KZ©„c¶ wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡MÖ¯Í| cwi‡ek QvocÎ mb` Bmy¨i D‡Ï‡k¨ BAvBG ch©‡e¶Y BAvBG Dbœqb cÖ¯Ívebv cwiPvjbv `vwqZ¡ wWIBi Dci wbf©i K‡i| 83. cwi‡ekMZ QvocÎ AR©‡bi cÖ_g c`‡¶c n‡”Q cwiPvjK/DccwiPvjK wWIB wefvMxq Kvh©¨vjq eivei wPwV m‡gZ wba©vwiZ d‡g© Av‡e`b Kiv| Av‡e`b c‡Îi m‡½ cÖKí m¤¢ve¨Zv hvPvB wi‡cvU©, AvBB/cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbvi Dci BG wi‡cvU©, ¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡¶i wbKU n‡Z AvcwËnxb QvocÎ (GbIwm) Ges h_v cwigvY †UªRvix Pvjvb (eZ©gv‡bi R‡b¨ evsjv‡`k UvKvq 50,000/- (cÂvk nvRvi) UvKv Rgv w`‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K Dc-cÖK‡íi R‡b¨ c„_K GjvKvwfwËK wbw`©ó †eBRjvBb Z_¨, cwi‡ek we‡kølb Ges BGgwc m¤^wjZ BG wi‡cvU© _vK‡Z n‡e| cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi R‡b¨ cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZ©„c¶ ˆeKwíK Z_¨, cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ ev Ab¨vb¨ ˆeKwíK DcKiYvw` PvIqvq AwaKvi msi¶Y K‡i| cwi‡ek msi¶Y bxwZgvjv 1997 Gi wbw`©ó kZ© †gvZv‡eK cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii wefvMxq KZ©„c¶ `iLv¯Í Rgv †`Iqvi 60 w`b Kvh© w`e‡mi g‡a¨ cwi‡ekMZ mvBU QvocÎ mb` Aek¨B Bmy¨ Ki‡e A_ev cÖZ¨vLv‡bi h_vh_ KviY `wk©‡q cÖZ¨vLvb cÎ Bmy¨ Ki‡e| GB QvocÎ Bmy¨i †gqv` GK eQiKvjxb ˆea _vK‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b †gqv`Kvj mgvwßi 30 w`b c~‡e© bevqb Ki‡Z n‡e| 84. ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi n‡Z Rgv †`qv cwi‡ek QvocÎ cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZ©„K M„nxZ n‡Z n‡e| 85. 1982 f~wg AwaMÖnY I AwahvPb A¯’vei m¤úwË wiKzBwRkb Aa¨v‡`k n‡”Q miKvwi D‡Ï‡k¨ f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi R‡b¨ PjwZ AvBbx `wjj| GB evsjv f~-L‡Û e„wUk ivRZ¡Kvj †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cvwK¯Ívb kvmbvgj n‡q A`¨vewa ch©šÍ f~wg AwaMÖnY AvBb I G¨vKUm& weKwkZ I cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q| e„wUk kvmbvg‡ji wPi¯’vqx e‡›`ve¯Í AvBb 1973 Abyhvqx f~wg cÖkvmb c×wZ‡K Dc‡hvMx K‡i M‡o †Zvjv n‡q‡Q| Z`vbxšÍb †e½j †Ub¨vwÝ G¨v± (wewU) 1885 †NvwlZ n‡qwQj e„wUk Dcwb‡ekKvjxb ivóªxq AwaKvi ¯^v_© msi¶‡Y| cieZ©x mg‡q fviZxq f~wg AwaMÖnY AvBb 1894 Rvix Kiv n‡qwQj| 86. 1947 m‡bi 14B RyjvB c~e©e½ Riæix m¤úwË wiKzBwRkb AwW©b¨vÝ Rvix Kiv nq| 1947 m‡bi AvMó gv‡m e½ wefv‡Mi ci evsjv f~L‡Ûi c~e©vÂj c~e© cvwK¯Ívb wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ jvf K‡i| miKvwi Awdm wbg©vY, wk¶v cÖwZôvb (¯‹zj I K‡jR) ¯’vcbv nvmcvZvj I †ijI‡q †ókb wbg©v‡Yi R‡b¨ ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯Ívb miKv‡ii Rwg AwaMÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv w`‡qwQ‡jv| D™¢~Z cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡jevq GKwU bZzb AvBb Kiv nq| Dciš‘ c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b f~wg AwaMÖnY G¨v± 1894 I AwaMÖnY AvBb cwiea©b I ms‡kvab K‡i ÔAa¨v‡`k 1947Õ wk‡ivbv‡g Aa¨v‡`k AvKv‡i wewae× Kiv nq| wewfbœ ch©v‡q GKvwaK bZzb AvBb Rvix Kiv nq| (Riæix) m¤úwË AwaMÖnY G¨v± 1948 mg‡q wÎevwl©K wfwˇZ 1981 m‡bi †kl 36 ch©šÍ ewa©Z Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv| Riæix m¤úwË AwaMÖnY G¨v± 1948-G wKQz ‰eixZv wQ‡jv †h¸wj n‡jv 1) ejc~e©K m¤úwË AwaMÖnY, 2) AwaM„wnZ Rwgi Ac e¨envi, 3) Ab¨vb¨ ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb I 4) ¶wZc~iY cÖ`v‡b `xN©m~wÎZv| 87. û‡mBb cwiPvwjZ mgx¶vq (1965) Rvbv hvq †h, f~wg AwaMÖnY G¨v± 1894-Gi AvIZvq kZ©vw`‡Z f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi ¶wZc~iY cwigvY wba©vi‡Y I ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb wejw¤^Z n‡Zv| †mBR‡b¨ Dc‡i ewY©Z wej¤^ wbim‡Yi R‡b¨ 1894 m‡bi g~j G¨v±‡K 1984 m‡bi Aa¨v‡`k Rvix Øviv dj`vqK cwieZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk ÿwZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li ¶wZc~iY cÖ`v‡bi e¨vcv‡i wbwðZ i¶vKeP wn‡m‡e Ges AwaM„nxZ Rwgi Ace¨envi wbim‡b KwZcq kZ©vw` AwW©b¨v‡Ý ivLv nq| GLb ch©šÍ H mg¯Í i¶vKeP cÖKí KZ©„K ¶wZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li †Kvb DcKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i bvB| 1982 m‡bi Aa¨v‡`kwUi Drm n‡”Q e„wUk Jcwb‡ewkK f~wg AwaMÖnY G¨v± 1894-i hv Jcwb‡ewkK I cieZ©xKv‡j `w¶Y Gwkqvq f~wg AwaMÖnY cÖ¨vKwU‡mi wfwË| wcUvjyMvi eY©bv Abyhvqx 1982-i Aa¨v‡`kwUi cÖ‡qv‡M KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq P¨v‡jÄ-Gi m¤§yLxb nq, †h¸wj n‡jv : 1) AwaM„wnZ Rwg, emZevwo I Ab¨vb¨ m¤ú‡`i ¶wZc~i‡Y h_vh_ evRvi g~j¨ cÖ`vY bv Kiv, 2) cÖK‡íi ¶wZMÖ¯Í gvby‡liv hviv AwaM„nxZ Rwgi bw_c‡Îi cÖ`k©‡b e¨_©Zvq ¶wZc~iY cÖvwßi †hvM¨ e‡j we‡ewPZ nq bv, 3) ¶wZc~iY g~j¨ wbY©‡q evRvi `‡i e`jx g~j¨ Abym„Z nq bv, 4) ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i wKw¯ÍwfwËK ¶wZc~iY cÖ`v‡b e`jx Rwg µ‡q ev e¨emvq wewb‡qv‡M cÖPÛ cÖfve †d‡j Ges 5) Rvgvb cwiPvwjZ mgx¶vq Rvbv hvq †h, Rwg AwaMÖnY cÖwµqv LyeB RwUj, G‡Z i‡q‡Q 22wU avc, AmsL¨ miKvwi NvU I ms¯’v Ges Awbqwš¿Z `~b©xwZ| 88. Rwg AwaMÖnY I A‰bw”QK cybe©vm‡bi weiƒc cÖfve wbim‡b Pjgvb AvBbx KvVv‡gv ch©vß bq| Gi kZ©vw` A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ wek^e¨vs‡Ki Iwc 4.12 hv AwaM„nxZ Rwgi weiƒc cÖfve wbiƒcY, wbimb Ges ch©‡e¶‡Y m¤ú~iK| 89. wek^e¨vs‡Ki mvgvwRK Dbœqb I i¶vKeP bxwZgvjv Dbœqb cÖwµqvi Kvi‡Y D™¢e gvbe I cwi‡e‡ki AmgxPxb ¶wZ cÖwZ‡iva I wbim‡bi gva¨‡g w¯’wZkxj `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvP‡bi mnvqK (G cÖm‡½ D‡jøL¨, bZzb AvkÖq‡K›`ª wbg©vY, we`¨gvb AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni I AvkÖq‡K›`ª eivei ms‡hvM moK cybe©vmb I Dbœqb)| G D‡`¨v‡M cÖKí wWRvB‡b †÷K†nvìvi‡`i AskMÖn‡Yi mnvqK Ges ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi gv‡S gvwjKvbv‡eva m‡PZbZv MV‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© DcKiY| wek^e¨vs‡Ki cÖavb cÖavb mvgvwRK i¶vKeP welqK cwiPvjb bxwZgvjv (Iwc) e¨vsK c×wZmg~n (wewc) Gi g‡a¨ A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ Iwc/wewc 4-12 Ges Avw`evmx msµvšÍ Iwc/wewc 4-10AšÍf©y³| e¨vs‡Ki cwiPvjbbxwZ 4-12 A‰bw”QK f~wg AwaMÖnY I cÖwZ¯’vc‡bi ‡¶‡Î Kvh©Ki nq hLb f~wg AwaMÖnY I cÖwZ¯’vc‡bi cÖkœ I‡V| G bxwZi j¶¨ n‡”Q hZ`~i m¤¢e A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb ¯’vcb Gwo‡q Pjv A_ev Zvi weiƒc mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK cÖfve jvNe I wbimb Kiv| ¯’vbPzZ †jvKRb‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv nq cybe©vmb ev¯Íevq‡b Zv‡`i mwµq AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ Ges Gi cÖavb A_©‰bwZK D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q cÖwZ ¯’vc‡bi ci Zv‡`i RxweKv I Rxeb hvc‡bi gvb Dbœq‡b A_ev Kg© c‡¶ cybiæ×v‡ii cÖqv‡m mnvqZv `vb Kiv| 90. DccÖKí mbv³KiY I ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖqvm i‡q‡Q weavq, cÖK‡íi AvIZvq †Kv‡bv A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb A_ev f~wg AwaMÖnY cÖ‡qvRbxq bq| D‡`¨vM †cvlYKvix ¯’vbxq wk¶v I mvgvwRK cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni wbR¯^ Rwg e¨envi Kiv nq bqwU Dc‡Rjv bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY Ges we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Avbyf~wgK m¤úªmvi‡Yi j‡¶¨| cÖvwZôvwbK Rwgi `y®úÖvc¨Zvi †¶‡G HwQK m¤úª`vb cÖZ¨¶ µq A_ev D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~n KZ…©K wewbg‡qi AvkÖqMÖnY Kiv n‡e| Z‡e †h †¶‡Î D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni wbR¯^ †Kvb Rwg †bB, †Zgb msKURbK cwiw¯’wZ‡Z RbM‡Yi ¯’vbPz¨wZ cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GLbI n‡Z cv‡i, Pig Pvwn`vi Kvi‡Y A‰bw”QK AwaMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g GjwRBwWI e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ 37 AvMÖn cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡YB cÖKí¸wj cybe©vmb msµvšÍ Iwci 4-12 Pvjy K‡i‡Q ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb Av_©mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ SzuwK n‡jI wbimb I Rxeb hvc‡b wdwi‡q Avb‡e| cybe©vmb/cyb¯’vcb `xN© †gqv`x Kó, `vwi`ª¨ I ¶wZi cÖKU KviY n‡e hw` bv mwVK gv‡bi hZœmnKv‡i cwiKíbv I Kvh© cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| GjwRBwW cÖwZôv‡bi †cvlYK…Z wbR¯^ Rwg e¨envi AbymÜvb Ki‡e| A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb we‡ewPZ n‡e ZLbB hLb c„ô‡cvlYKvix KZ©„c¶ e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg e¨envi Ki‡e A_ev `vqnxb‡`i KvQ †_‡K wbR¯^ Rwg Lvwj Ki‡e| A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb GjwRBwW mvgwMÖK bxwZgvjv cÖYqb wb‡¤œ ewY©Z : †÷K†nvìvi‡`i Rb¨ myweavRbK ¯’v‡b Ges †evaMg¨ fvlvq RbM‡Yi AwaKvi cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g cÖK‡íi cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v cÖm‡½ Z_¨ cÖvw߇Z MÖnxZv I e¨vs‡Ki wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mnvqZv K‡i| e¨vsK GB g‡g© wbwðZ Ki‡e †h AvbyôvwbKfv‡e cÖKí g~j¨vq‡bi Av‡MB DccÖKímg~n m‡gZ cÖKímg~‡ni Rb¨ cÖYxZ c×wZmg~n cÖvmw½K cÖKí m¤ú„³ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK i¶vKeP KvMRcÎ h_vmg‡q h_vh_fv‡e cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| Bs‡iRx I ¯’vbxq fvlvq bxwZi cÖKvkbv Avek¨K Ges Zv †hb wek^e¨vs‡Ki gvb m¤úbœ nq| 91. i¶vKeP bxwZgvjvi AwZwi³ wn‡m‡e Z_¨ AwaKvi msµvšÍ bxwZI i¶vKe‡Pi m‡½ m¤ú„³| ¯^”QZv Dbœqb I Revew`wnZvi mnvqZvq e¨vs‡Ki Z_¨bxwZ FY MÖnxZv I e¨vs‡Ki wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mnvqZv K‡i †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Rb¨ myweavRbK ¯’v‡bI †evaMg¨ fvlvq cÖK‡íi cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wel‡q Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g| e¨vsK GB g‡g© wbðqZv Pvq †h AvbyôvwbKfv‡e cÖKí g~j¨vq‡bi Av‡MB DccÖKímg~n m‡gZ cÖKímg~‡ni Rb¨ cÖYxZ c×wZmg~nmn cÖvmw½K cÖKí m¤ú„³ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK i¶vKeP KvMRcÎ h_vmg‡q h_vh_fv‡e cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| Bs‡iRx I ¯’vbxq fvlvq bxwZi cÖKvkbv Avek¨K Ges Zv †hb wek^e¨vs‡Ki gvb m¤§Z nq| 38 LÛ ÔLÕ - cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK welqvw` wbiƒcY 39 92. GgwWGmwc-i ÒmvgwMÖK cwi‡ek wbiƒcYÓ cwiPvjbvi R‡b¨ gvV BAvBG mgx¶v, wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i m‡½ civgk©, †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbv (GdwRwW) Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc-i BGG wi‡cv‡U©i ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| `ÕywU cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖv_wgK cÖKí mvB‡Ui (wbg©vY/cybwbg©v‡Yi mwVK Ae¯’vb GLbI mbv³ Kiv nq wb) gvV cwi`k©b we‡ewPZ wQ‡jv I wZbwU BwmAviAviwc-i AvIZvq cÖKí mvBU-Gi wbg©vY mgvß Kiv n‡qwQj| cwi`wk©Z mvBU¸wji bvg mviYx 4-1 G `ªóe¨| mviYx 4-1 cwi`wk©Z mvBU mg~n mvB‡Ui bvg Dc‡Rjv/mvewWw÷± †Rjv GgwWGmwc-i cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖv_wgK cÖKí mvBUmg~n kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi KwgDwbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq j²xcyi j²xcyi Pi cve©Zx iwngwgqv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq ‡Kv¤úvbxMÄ †bvqvLvjx BwmAviAviwc-i AvIZvq mgvßK…Z cÖKí mvBUmg~n fimvKvwV miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq DwRicyi ewikvj `w¶Y gyivw`qv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq `yzgwK cUzqvLvjx Pi KvjvBqv gv`&ivmv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq evDdj cUzqvLvjx 93. wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i m‡½ gvV cwi`k©bKv‡j BwmAviAviwc-i AvIZvq mv¤úªwZKKv‡j mgvß nIqv cÖKímg~n wb‡q wewfbœ cÖm‡½ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡qwQj; cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖK‡íi cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv I cÖvwZôvwbK Kvh©¨vejx Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡qwQj| GB mg¯Í gvV cwi`k©bKv‡j cÖKí ev¯Íevqb †KŠkj e„w×i welqvw` I msKUmg~‡ni mbv³ Kivi j‡¶¨ cÖvwZôvwbK D‡Ïk¨ I my‡hvM¸wji mvg‡_© †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbv n‡qwQj| GjwRBwW Kg©KZ©vM‡Yi m‡½ cÖKí ev¯Íevqb I e¨e¯’vcbvi wewfbœ cÖm‡½ we‡kl K‡i, cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖK‡íi cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi R‡b¨ eZ©gvb Kg©`¶Zv I cÖvwZôvwbK Av‡qvRbmg~‡ni Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Qj| 94. GgwWGmwc-i Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ GKwU e¨vcK cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gvi (BGgGd) R‡b¨ GB mg¯Í cwi`wk©Z mvBU¸wji wfZ‡ii I PZ~c©v‡k^i GjvKvmg~‡ni cwi‡ekMZ †eBRjvBb mgx¶v cwiPvwjZ n‡qwQ‡jv| †eBR jvBb mgx¶vi wbw`©ó j¶¨mg~n wQ‡jv we`¨gvb †fŠZ I cÖwZ‡ek mgx¶v Ges Ab¨vb¨ mgx¶vi †hgb, †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gvmg~n, cvwb mieivn I cq:cÖYvjx, KwVb eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv, cvwbi ¸YMZgvb I kã gvÎv wbY©q, cÖK‡íi wfZi I PZzc©v‡k^i Z_¨ jvf Ges cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi RbM‡Yi Abyf~wZ wbiƒcY Kivi cÖm½| †eBR jvBb mgx¶v PjvKv‡j cÖKí GjvKvi wfZi I PZ~c©v‡k^i †fŠZ I ˆRweK cwi‡ekMZ eZ©gvb Ae¯’v I Z‡_¨i we¯ÍvwiZ weieY msMÖn Kiv nq| GgwWGmwc-i AvIZvq Dc-cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve¨ cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve GB mg¯Í †eBRjvBb cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZi wecix‡Z g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ¯ÍvweZ 95. GgwWGmwc-i AvIZvq Dc-cÖKí¸wji m¤¢ve¨ ev¯Íevqb wPwýZKi‡Y GjwWBwW cÖwµqvax‡b GgwWGmwc-Gi m¤¢ve¨ ev¯Íevq‡bi R‡b¨ Dc-cÖKí¸wji Kvh©¶gZv AviI ch©v‡jvPbv I we‡kølY Kiv n‡e Dc-cÖKí¸wji AMÖvwaKvi wfwËK evQvB ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘wZi j‡¶¨| cÖ¯ÍvweZ Kg©Kv‡Ûi mvgwMÖK †eBRjvBb Ae¯’v I m¤¢ve¨ cwi‡ek cÖfve eySvi Rb¨| wbg©vY I cyYt wbg©v‡Yi wbw`©ó ¯’vb wPwýZ Kiv ch©šÍ `yÕwU ¯‹zj‡K †e‡Q †bIqv n‡e bgybv ¯^iƒc GB mgšÍ mvBU¸wj‡Z `yBwU DØy×KiY I GdwRwW mfvi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡qwQj| GwcÖj 05 2014 I GwcÖj 06, 2014-G mvBU¸wj cwi`k©b Kiv n‡qwQj Ges BG-i Dci cÖvmw½K Z_¨vw` msMÖn Kiv n‡qwQj| 40 96. j²xcyi †Rjvi j¶xcyim`i Dc‡Rjvaxb kvKPi BDwbq‡bi kvKPi MÖv‡g kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi KwgDwbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Aew¯’Z| mvB‡Ui mxgvi DËi w`‡K kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi D”P we`¨vjq, c~e©w`‡K kvKPi evRvi gmwR`, `w¶Yw`‡K moK Ges Ab¨ Av‡iKwU moK cwðg w`‡K| wPÎ 4-1 : cÖ¯ÍvweZ kvKPi MÖv‡g Aew¯’Z kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi KwgDwbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq- Kvg `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ª 97. †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi †Kv¤úvbxMÄ Dc‡Rjvq AšÍf©~³ Pic~e©vbx BDwbq‡bi Pic~e©vbx Iqv‡W© Picve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Aew¯’Z| GB mvB‡Ui DËi w`‡K i‡q‡Q K…wl f~wg, c~e©w`‡K emZ evwomg~n `w¶Y w`‡K Av‡Q emZevwo, cyKzi I gmwR`, cwðg w`‡K emZevwo I ‡`vKvb cvU| 41 wPÎ 4-2 : cÖ¯ÍvweZ Picve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq - Kvg `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ª| 98. Dc‡i ewY©Z `yÕwU mvB‡Ui †eBRjvB‡bi mviK_v wb‡¤œ cÖ`Ë n‡jv: 99. Rjevqy- evsjv‡`‡ki `w¶Yvs‡ki AvenvIqv cwiw¯’wZ Kg‡ewk GKB iKg ZvcgvÎv, e„wócvZ, Av`ª©Zv I evqy wbix‡L (MwZ I w`K) | GUv D‡jøwLZ †h, evwl©K Mo ZvcgvÎv m‡e©v”P 35 †mw›U‡MÖW I me©wb¤œ 12 †mw›U‡MÖW; Ges evwl©K 0 0 e„wócvZ cÖvq 3200 wgwjwgUvi| ˆewk^K DòZvi Kvi‡Y PjwZ `k‡Ki weMZ eQi¸‡jv‡Z ZvcgvÎv mvgvb¨ e„w× †c‡q‡Q| GKB Kvi‡Y Av`ª©ZvI (Mo gvÎv 80-90%) hrmvgvb¨ e„w× †c‡q‡Q| cÿvšÍ‡i PjwZ `k‡K e„wócvZ n«vm †c‡q‡Q| weMZ eQi¸‡jv‡Z evZv‡mi MwZ I MwZc_ (`w¶Y c~e© evqy cÖwZN›Uvq 10 †_‡K 30 wK‡jvwgUvi mvaviYZ) ax‡i ax‡i cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q| 100. cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb (f~-Dcwi¯’ I f~Mf©¯’ cvwb)- †mLv‡b wZbwU Mfxi bjK~c i‡q‡Q, GKwU kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi KwgDwbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Av‡iKwU bjK~c D”P we`¨vj‡q Avi Z…ZxqwU msjMœ evRv‡i | GUv Rvbv †M‡Q †h, cvwb Av‡m©wbK gy³ (<0.01 GgwR/1); Z‡e bjK~‡ci cvwb‡Z wKwÂr cwigvY †jvnvi mswgkÖb i‡q‡Q| GB evRvi gmwR‡`i c~e©w`‡K GKwU cyKzi Av‡Q| cyKziwUi cvwb †Mvmj I IRyi Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq| 101. Picve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q GKwU bjK~c i‡q‡Q| GB bjK~‡ci cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wbK Av‡Q wKbv Zv cwiÿv Kiv nq Ges Av‡m©wbK cix¶vi djvd‡j Rvbv hvq †h GB bjK~‡ci cvwb Av‡m©wbK gy³| Z‡e bjK~‡ci cvwb‡Z bMb¨ gvÎvq †jŠnKYv (0.9 GgwR/1) cvIqv hvq| cyKz‡ii cvwb ivbœvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq| 42 102. grm¨ m¤ú` t grm¨ Pvl nq cyKz‡i hw`I gvP© †_‡K †g ch©šÍ el©vi Av‡M †ek wKQz msL¨K cyKzi ïwK‡q hvq| ¯’vbxqfv‡e cÖvß grm¨ cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ Av‡Q KvZjv, evM`v wPswo, †jvbv cvwbi cÖRvwZ I ¯’vbxq †`kR cÖRvwZ| LvIqvi Rb¨ AMÖvwaKvi wfwËK cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ Av‡Q KvZjv, wPswo I evM`v wPswo, gv¸i RvZxq gvQ I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vbxq gvQ GjvKvq msKUvcbœ †Kv‡bv grm¨ cÖRvwZi Aw¯ÍZ¡ Av‡Q e‡j D‡jøL bvB| b`xi cvwb e¨envi K‡i wPswo I evM`v wPswoi Pvl Kiv nq| 103. Dw™¢` I cÖvYxK~j cÖKí GjvKvq wKQz evwYwR¨K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dw™¢` i‡q‡Q| GjvKvq cÖvß D‡jøL‡hvM¨ e„¶ cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q †gnMwb, mycvix, †iBb wUª Ges (evsjv I PjwZ fvlvq) wkg~j, wkï, ARy©b, Kzj, wgwÄix, Rviæj, wnRj, †kIov, L‡qi I wkwik BZ¨vw`| msKUvcbœ †Kv‡bv Dw™¢‡`i Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB| cÖavb djR e„‡¶i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Avg, KuvVvj, Kjv I bvwi‡Kj BZ¨vw`| 104. GQvov M„ncvwjZ cï, eb¨ KzKzi, ebweovj, wkqvj, evbi, KvVweovjx, †ewR, B`yi, wcucov I mvc i‡q‡Q| cvwLi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, Po–B, †`v‡qj, kvwjK, wPj, †cuPv, KvK, UzbUzwb, eyjeywj I †KvwKj BZ¨vw`| msKUvcbœ †Kv‡bv cvwLi Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB| 105. cøveb I wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v- †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbvq ejv nq †h, †ewkifvM wbe©vwPZ GjvKv n‡Z n‡e gvSvwi D”P f~wg m¤úbœ, eb¨vgy³ Ges ¯^vfvweK D”PZv ¯’vbxq eb¨v †iLv D‡aŸ© †hLv‡b weivgnxb e„wó mvgwqK Rjve×Zv m„wó K‡i Ges K‡qK N›Uvi g‡a¨ cvwb †b‡g hvq| N~wY©S‡oi d‡j Rjv×Zv I Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZeÜKZvi m„wó nq I Rb`y‡f©v‡Mi KviY nq| 106. f~wg/g„wËKvi aib: f~wg/g„wËKv evjygq Ges kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi KwgDwbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg-N~wY©So AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi cÖevn†¶‡Î †`vAuvk †e‡j gvwU| g„wËKvi aib (1) K`©gv³, (2) K`©gq †e‡j gvwU (3) Pi cve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvix cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg-N~wY©So AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi cÖevn †¶‡Î †e‡j gvwU| 107. kã/a~wjKbv `~lY- Dc cÖK‡í PjvPjKvix hvbevnb †hgb, †gvUi mvB‡Kj, †U‡¤úv, Uªv±i BZ¨vw` kã `~lY m„wó K‡i Z‡e Zv mnbxq gvÎvi kã `~lYKvixi cÖZ¨¶ Drm †hgb KjKviLvbv, BUfvUv, wkí BZ¨vw` Dc-cÖK‡íi wbKU cvIqv hvq wb| Dc-cÖKí GjvKvq cÖvß kã I evqy `~l‡Yi †eBR jvBb mnbxq gvÎvi| 108. A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb- kvKPi I Picve©Zx GjvKvi cvKv I KuvPv moK †m¸wj AÎ GjvKvq moK cwienb I A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Ae`vb iv‡L| we`¨gvb cvKv moK Dc‡Rjv mo‡Ki m‡½ mshy³| Picve©Zx GjvKvq RbM‡Yi Øviv e¨eüZ hvbevn‡bi g‡a¨ (1) wmGbwR PvwjZ wÎPµ hvb (2) A‡UvwiK&mv (3) wiK&mv (4) evBmvB‡Kj BZ¨vw` AšÍf~©³| Picve©Zx‡Z we`y¨r mieiv‡ni e¨e¯’v Av‡Q| 109. K…wl Dbœqb- kvKPi BDwbq‡bi cÖavb dm‡ji g‡a¨ Bwi, AvDk I Avgb, ev`vg, mqvweb, Mg, kvK-mwâ, wgwó Kzgov I jvD BZ¨vw` i‡q‡Q| Aci w`‡K, Pi cve©Zx BDwbq‡bi cÖavb dm‡ji g‡a¨ Avgb, AvDk I Bwi avb wewfbœ ai‡bi Wvj (gïi, †Lkvwi), ev`vg, Mg, I imyb BZ¨vw` i‡q‡Q| 110. f~wg e¨envi- kvKPi BDwbq‡b f~wg e¨eüZ nq wewfbœ D‡Ï‡k¨, †hgb emZevwo (†gvU f~wgi 15%) K…wl (†gvU f~wgi 80%) grm¨ Pvl (†gvU f~wgi 3%) nuvm gyiMxi Lvgvi (†gvU f~wgi 1%) Ges Mevw` dvg© (†gvU f~wgi 1%)| Aci w`‡K, Picve©Zx BDwbq‡b f~wg e¨eüZ nq h_vµ‡g gvbe emwZ (‡gvU f~wgi 20%), K…wl (‡gvU f~wgi 75%) Ges grm¨ I Ab¨vb¨ Lvgvi (‡gvU f~wgi 5%) 43 Dc`ªæZ 111. BwmAviAviwc GjvKv g~jZ ev‡MinvU, ei¸bv, ewikvj, †fvjv, SvjKvwV, Lyjbv, cUzqvLvjx, wc‡ivRcyi I mvZ¶xiv †Rjvmg~n wb‡q MwVZ| BwmAviAviwc Gi AvIZvq mgvß cÖK‡íi mvgwMÖK cwi‡ek wbiƒcY msKwjZ n‡q‡Q Rwic, †eBRjvBb I e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbvmg~n, DccÖK‡íi wbw`©ó BG wi‡cvU©, civgk©K‡`i ch©vqµwgK g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`b Ges BwmAviAviwc-Gi Rb¨ gwbUwis I Bf¨vjy‡qkb civgk©K‡`i g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`b Ges gvV cwi`k©‡bi wfwˇZ| BwmAviAviwc-i Dcvsk L Gi g‡a¨ 230wU bZzb eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY, 250wwU we`¨gvb ¯‹zj Kvg N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª †givgZ I Dbœqb Ges 130 wKwg ms‡hvM moK wbg©vY| cÖZ¨šÍ Pi GjvKvmg~‡n Gme AvkÖq†K›`ª I wKjøv wbg©vY ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi I cï m¤ú‡`i wbivcËv cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMKv‡j evwo‡q Zz‡j‡Q| mvBUmg~n wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡q‡Q RbM‡Yi HKg‡Z¨| Z‡e, fe‡bi Ae¯’vb, wWRvBb wba©viY I wWRvB‡bi †j-AvDU P~ovšÍ Kiv nq cÖK…Z gvV cwiw¯’wZ I e¨vs‡Ki cwi‡ek wUg †_‡K cÖvß mycvwi‡ki Av‡jv‡K| wWRvBb msµvšÍ mycvwikgvjvi g‡a¨ cÖavbZ: _v‡K, (1) bvix I cyiæ‡li Rb¨ Avjv`v ev_iæg wbg©vY (2) cvwb cix¶vi wi‡cv‡U©i wfwˇZ Mfxi bjK~c wbg©v‡Yi gva¨‡g wbivc` cvwb mieivn wbwðZ Kiv, (3) e„wói cvwb‡Z dmj djv‡bvi myweav| AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni wWRvBb cÖYxZ nq N›Uvq 260 wKwg MwZ‡eM m¤úbœ evZvm †gvKv‡ejv Kivi j‡¶¨ Ges cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq cÖZ¨vwkZ R‡jv”Qvm gvÎvi D‡aŸ©| Gme AvkÖq ‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ ms‡hvM moK, my‡cq cvwbi e¨e¯’v, Av‡jvi e¨e¯’v BZ¨vw` myweav _v‡K| 112. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv (BGgGd) Abyhvqx BwmAviAviwc-i AvIZvq wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cÖwZwU Kvh©Kjvc cwi‡ekMZfv‡e wbiƒcY Kiv n‡q _v‡K| cÖwZwU DccÖK‡íi †eBRjvBb mgx¶v Kiv nq Ges mvBU †Kw›`ªK e¨e¯’v cwiKíbv cÖYxZ nq| GjwRBwWi Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjx A_ev Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx Ges civgk©K wU‡gi gvV †iwm‡W›U cÖ‡KŠkjx g~jZ: evQvB Kg© cwiPvjbv K‡ib Ges wWRvBb, ZË¡veavqK I †g‡bR‡g›U civgk©K (wWGmGg) Aby‡gv`b K‡ib| AwaKvsk hvPvB ZvwjKv †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h Dc-cÖKí mg~n GjvKvi †fŠZ I mvgvwRK cwi‡ek cÖvK- wbg©vY, wbg©vYKvjxb I wbg©vY †k‡l †Kv‡bv cÖKvi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weiƒc cÖfve m„wó K‡i bvB| 113. BwmAviAviwc Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni cÖvmw½KZvq mvBU wfwËK wbg©vY m¤úwK©Z cÖavb cÖavb cwi‡ekMZ msKU¸‡jv n‡”Q g~jZ a~wjKYv, kã, eR©¨ e¨e¯’v, cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb, gRyZKi‡Yi wbivcËv e¨e¯’v I wbg©vY mvgMÖxi gRyZ cwienb I mvB‡Ui eR©¨| cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbvi e¨qfvi wba©viY I AšÍM©Z Kiv n‡q‡Q wbjvg `wj‡ji wfZi cwigv‡bi eY©bvq| gvV Kg©x‡`i Nb Nb gvV cwi`k©b I wbweo ZË¡veavb BGgwc ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ K‡i| Dciš‘ cÖ‡R± †Kv-AwW©‡bkb g¨v‡bR‡g›U BDwbU (wcwmGgBD)-Gi Aax‡b gwbUwis g~j¨vqb (GgGÛB) civgk©K BG ch©v‡jvPbv I mvgwMÖK BGgGd Gi ev¯Íevqb ZË¡veav‡bi Rb¨ `vqx n‡e| 114. GBme `y‡h©vMc~Y© GjvKvq cwi‡ek MZ cªfve wbimb I Dbœqb Ges Rxe ˆewPΨ i¶vi R‡b¨ e„¶‡ivcb GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| †h‡nZz e„¶‡ivcb Kg©m~Px M„wnZ nq wbg©vY KvR mgvß nIqvi ci, †mBRb¨ ¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwU (GmGgwm) e„¶‡ivcb Kg©m~Px MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e| 115. wZbwU AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi we¯ÍvwiZ wbiƒcY cÖwZ‡e`b m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q (1) fimvKvwV wRwcGm/wmGm, Dc‡Rjv-DwRicyi, †Rjv-ewikvj (2) `w¶Y gyivw`qv wRwcGm/wmGm, Dc‡Rjv-WzgwK, †Rjv-cUzqvLvjx Ges (3) Pi KvjvBqv gv`&ivmv wmGm, Dc‡Rjv-evDdj, †Rjv-cUzqvLvjxi BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq wewfbœ weKí wWRvBb cwiwkó-1 G `ªóe¨| 44 116. g~j cÖK‡íi cÖKí ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ †Kv‡bv eo ai‡bi mgm¨vi K_v GLb ch©šÍ Rvbv hvq wb| GgGÛB civgk©‡Ki c¶ †_‡K Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q †m N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª m¤úwK©Z K‡qKwU BAvBGi wi‡cvU© mswkøó wbg©vY KvR ïiæi Av‡M cvIqv hvq bvB| h_v mg‡q BG wi‡cvU© cÖYqb I ch©v‡jvPbv-Gi BGgwc ev¯Íevqb gwbUi Kivi e¨vcv‡i AwaKZi `„wó AvKl©Y cÖ‡qvRb| 117. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc)-Gi ev¯Íevqb Z`viwKi Rb¨ mswkøó gvVKg©x‡`i KvwiMwi Ávb Av‡Q wKbv A_ev Zv‡`i Rb¨ cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~Px Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q wKb Zv my¯úófv‡e wbwðZ n‡e cwi‡ekMZ cÖvmw½K welqvw`i cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖKv‡ki gva¨‡g| 118. wmWi weae¯ cÖKí GjvKvi g‡a¨ †fvjv, ewikvj, wc‡ivRcyi I cUzqvLvjx mn 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjv Ge&s PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi, †dbx, j²xcyi I †bvqvLvjxmn 5wU Ab¨vb¨ DcK~jxq †Rjv i‡q‡Q| cÖKí GjvKvi †eBRjvBb MwVZ n‡q‡Q g~jZ: BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq Dc-cÖKí¸wji AvBBBG/BAvBG wi‡cvU©, gvV ch©‡e¶Y I Zvr¶wYK we‡kølY Ges †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbv (GdwRwW)-Gi gva¨‡g| mvgwMÖK cÖKí GjvKvi †eBRjvB‡bi mvigg© wb‡¤œ cÖ`Ë n‡jv| 119. evsjv‡`‡ki `w¶Yv‡ji AvenvIqvRwbZ cwiw¯’wZ ZvcgvÎv, e„wó cvZ, Av`ªZv I evqy (MwZ‡eM I MwZc_) wbwe©‡k‡l Kg‡ewk GKB iK‡gi| evwl©K Mo e„wócv‡Zi cwigvY 300 †_‡K 400 †mw›UwgUvi| MÖx®§ I el©vKvjxb (gvP© †_‡K A‡±vei) ZvcgvÎv 32 †_‡K 42 wWwMÖ †mjwmqvm ch©šÍ IVvbvgv K‡i Ges kxZKvjxb ﯋ ‡gŠmy‡g (b‡f¤^i †_‡K ‡deªæqvix) 12 †_‡K 25 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm ch©šÍ IVvbvgv K‡i| el©vKv‡j (RyjvB †_‡K †m‡Þ¤^i) evZv‡m m‡e©v”P Av`ªZv _v‡K 90% Ges Zv ﮋz †gŠmy‡g 60 kZvs‡k †b‡g Av‡m | evZv‡mi MwZ‡eM el©vKv‡j cÖwZ N›Uvq 15 †_‡K 25 wK‡jvwgUvi Ges ﯋ †gŠmy‡g cÖwZN›Uvq 7 †_‡K 12 wK‡jvwgUvi _v‡K| Gme GjvKv N~wY©So cÖej Ges N~wY©S‡oi NUbv N‡U mvaviYZ: eQ‡i 2 †_‡K 3 evi GwcÖj-Ryb Ges A‡±vei-b‡f¤^i gvm¸‡jv‡Z| 120. cÖKí GjvKvi f~wg cÖavbZ mgZj, Z‡e †Kv_vI wKQzUv DuPz Ges †Kv_vI wKQzUv bxPz| LÛ LÛ DuPz I bxPz f~wg j¶¨Yxq| a~mi cøveb f~wgi gvwU wb‡qB MwVZ G g„wËKv| GgwWGmwc-Gi GjvKv MÖv‡g I kni GjvKvmg~‡n we¯Í…Z | 121. †ewkifvM Dc-cÖKí GjvKvq k‡ãi gvÎv I evqy `~l‡Yi †eBRjvB‡b †`Lv †M‡Q †h †m¸wj mnbxq gvÎvi g‡a¨ mxwgZ (k‡ãi †¶‡Î 40 wWweG)| 122. †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbvi m~‡Î ejv hvq †h AwaKvsk wbe©vwPZ GjvKv eb¨vgy³ Ges Gme GjvKvi D”PZv ¯^vfvweK ¯’vbxq eb¨vgvÎvi E‡a©| Gme GjvKv ¯^vfvweK eb¨vq ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq bv| KL‡bv KL‡bv AwaK e„wócv‡Zi Kvi‡Y GjvKv cøvweZ nq; wKš‘ wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v †h‡nZz fvj cvwb `ªæZ †b‡g hvq Ges †Kv‡bv cÖKvi Rjve×Zv m„wó nq bv| j¶¨Yxq †h 45 wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v mvaviYZ msjMœ Rjvkq wbKU¯’ b`xi m‡½ mshy³ _v‡K hvi d‡j DrK…ó wb®‹vkb e¨e¯Ív wbwðZ Kiv hvq | mvaviYZ Gme GjvKvi †ewki fvMB KuvPv moK Ges wKQz Ask cvKv moK Øviv †ewóZ _v‡K| 123. cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKíaxb DcK~jxq GjvKv I b`xmg~‡n ¯^vfvweK †Rvqvi fvUv j¶¨Yxq| Gme GjvKvi †QvU I gvSvwi AvK…wZi cyKzi¸‡jv eûgyLx D‡Ïk¨ e¨eüZ nq| RbMY Mfxi bjK~‡ci cvwb cvb K‡i| A‡bK Dc-cÖKí mvB‡U bjK~‡ci msL¨v Aí nIqvi Kvi‡Y ﯋ †gŠmy‡g cvwbi msKU †`Lv †`q| cyKz‡ii cvwb mvaviYZ wgVv cvwb| b`xi cvwb Kg‡ewk jeYv³ n‡q _v‡K| 124. cÖKí GjvKvi f~-Mf©¯’ cvwb k~Y¨ †_‡K gvSvwi ai‡bi jeYv³, †ewki fvM GjvKvi cvwb Av‡m©wbK gy³ (wjUvi cÖwZ 0.01 wgwjMÖvg), wKš‘ †jŠnhy³ (wjUvi cÖwZ 0.7-1.3 wgwjMÖvg)| AMfxi cvwbi (my‡cq bq) MfxiZv 2.0 †_‡K 5.5 wgUvi ch©šÍ wKš‘ my‡cq cvwbi Rb¨ MfxiZvi cÖ‡qvRb nq 50 wgUvi †_‡K 200 wgUvi ch©šÍ| cvb I M„n¯’vjx Kv‡Ri Rb¨ gvby‡liv mvaviYZ Mfxi bjK~‡ci cvwb e¨envi K‡i| f~-Mf©¯’ cvwb D‡Ëvj‡b Amyweav _vK‡j †Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv GjvKvq e„wói cvwb Kv‡R jvMv‡bv nq| GjvKvq †QvU I gvSvwi AvK…wZi cyKzi Av‡Q †h¸wj eûgyLx D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨eüZ nq| †mLv‡b cÖavb Drm †_‡K cÖvß cvwb jeYv³, †mLv‡b cyKziwU wgVv cvwb/e„wói cvwbi Avavi wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq| RbM‡Yi A‡b‡KB cyKz‡ii cvwb cvb K‡i _v‡K| Dciš‘ jeYv³ cvwb †h‡nZz wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx bq; †mRb¨ wbg©vY KvR el©vKv‡jB mxgve× ivLv n‡q‡Q| †ewki fvM ¯‹z‡jB Mfxi bjK~c †`qv n‡q _v‡K my‡cq cvwbi Rb¨| 125. cÖKí GjvKvq evwbwR¨K ¸iæZ¡ m¤úbœ wKQz msL¨K Dw™¢` I cªvYxK~‡ji Aw¯ÍZ¡ i‡q‡Q|msKUvcbœ we‡kl †Kv‡bv cÖvYx cÖRvwZi Aw¯ÍZ Luy‡R cvIqv hvq wb Ges mvaviY cÖvYxK~j wbgv©Y Kv‡Ri Kvi‡Y ÿwZMÖšÍ n‡e bv| 126. Gme GjvKvi gvby‡li Ab¨Zg †ckv n‡”Q gvQ I KvuKov aiv| cÖKí GjvKvi b`x‡Z I cÖvq me ai‡bi Rjvk‡q gv‡Qi cÖvc¨Zv i‡q‡Q e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q| wkKv‡ii Rb¨ AMÖvwaKvi wfwIK Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q †cvbv AvKv‡ii KvZj RvZxq gv‡Qi, wKQz ¯’vbxq gvQ I wPswoi|gvQ cyKz‡i Pvl Kiv nq| mgx¶vK„Z GjvKvq msKUvcbœ †Kv‡bv grm¨ cÖRvwZi †LuvR cvIqv hvq wb|b`xi cvwb e¨envi K‡i wPswo I evM`v wPswoi Pvl Kiv nq| 127. cÖKí GjvKvi me Rjav‡i Ges b`x‡Z gvQ Av‡Q e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q| el©v †gŠmy‡g gvQ Pvl Rbwcªq| ¯’vbxqfv‡e cÖvß grm¨ cÖRvwZmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q mvaviYZ KvZj RvZxq gvQ, wPswo I evM`v wPswo, Ab¨vb¨ †bvbv cvwbi gvQ Ges we‡kl ai‡bi ¯’vbxq gvQ| Pvwn`vi AMÖvwaKvi wfwˇZ cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ KvZj, wPswo I evM`v wPswo, gv¸i RvZxq gvQ Ges wKQz ¯’vbxq gvQ Ab¨Zg| GjvKv msKUvcbœ †Kv‡bv cÖRvwZi †LuvR cvIqv hvq wb| wPswo I evM`v wPswo Pvl Kiv n‡q _v‡K b`xi cvwb e¨envi K‡i| RjR cwi‡e‡ki g‡a¨ b`x, Lvj, Rjvkq I cyKzi AšÍf©~³| K…wl f~wgi we¯Í…Y© GjvKv el©v †gŠmy‡g RjgMœ n‡q c‡o Ges ﮋ †gŠmy‡g ïwK‡q hvq cÖwZ eQi| DcK~‡j N~wY©So AvNvZ nvb‡j †ewkifvM cÖKí GjvKv R‡jv”Qv‡mi Kvi‡Y cøvweZ nq Ges jeYv³ cvwb GjvKvq Xz‡K c‡o| ˆRe ˆewkó¨mg~n gvSvwi ˆewP‡Î¨i cÖRvwZ I RjR Dw™¢‡`i Aw¯Í‡Z¡i Bw½Z †`Lv †`q| bxj, meyR ˆkevj I ‡kIjv †`Lv hvq cyKz‡i, Rjvkq I Lvj we‡j| cÖKí GjvKvq Av`ª© f~wgi †h me Dw™¢` cvIqv Zvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ‡n‡jÂv wnRj, Kzw`cvbv, KPzix cvbv, kvcjv, kvjyK, cÙ, bj, ‡kvjv I Kjwg BZ¨vw`| GjvKvq RjR cÖvYx g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q KuvKov, wSbyK/Kwo| 46 128. cÖKí GjvKvq D‡jøL†hvM¨ eb¨ cÖvYxi emwZ †bB| Av‡Q wKQz cwiRvqx I ¯’vbxq cvwL; eb¨ ïKzi, RvZxq cÖvYx, eb¨ weovj, wkqvj, evbi, KvVweovj, †bDj, Bu`yi I mvc| ebMiæ, ebgwnl, bxj MvB, bvKvZv nuvm, gqyix BZ¨vw` RvZxq msKUvcbœ cÖvYxi Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q| 129. Dc-K~jxq GjvKvq msiw¶Z †Kvb ebvÂj †bB| †hme D‡jøL †hvM¨ cÖRvwZ e„¶ GjvKvq cvIqv †M‡Q Zvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wkgyj, wkï, ARy©b, Kzj, wgbwRwi, Rviæj, wnRj, †kIov, L‡qi wkwim BZ¨vw`| msKUvcbœ †Kvb Dw™¢` cÖRvwZi mÜvb cvIqv hvq wb| cÖavb cÖavb dj` e„‡¶i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Avg, KuvVvj, Kjv I bvwi‡Kj| M„ncvwjZ cï e¨wZ‡i‡K eb¨ KzKzi, eb¨weovj, wkqvj, evbi, KvV weovjx, ‡bDj, wcucov I mvc Av‡Q e‡j hvq| ebMiæ, ebgwnl, gqyi, Kzwgi BZ¨vw` RvZxq msKUvcbœ cÖvYxi Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB| cvwL‡`i g‡a¨ Po–B, †`v‡qj, kvwjK, wPj, cu¨vPv, KvK, UzbUzwb, eyjeywj I †KvwKj BZ¨vw` cvIqv hvq| 130. f~wg g„wËKvi cÖKvi †f` N~wY©So AvkÖq †K›`ª GjvKvi †ewki fvM †¶‡Î| (1) K`©g¨³ (2) K`©g³ †`vAuvk (3) †e‡j gvwU, f~wg mgZj Ges f~wg aib mgZj f~wg Øviv MwVZ| DcvË I AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Z_¨vbyhvqx Av‡kcv‡ki †ewki fvM f~wg‡Z gvQ Pvl I km¨ Avev` Kiv n‡”Q| 131. GB Dcvs‡ki Dci wewb‡qvM ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨ wbU BwZevPK mydj e‡q Av‡b| AvkÖq‡K›`ª¸wj wbwg©Z nq Ggbfv‡e †h `y‡h©vM bv NU‡j †m¸wj †hb cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv hvq| AvkÖq†K›`ª¸‡jv nq bvix I cyiæ‡li Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ ev_iæg wbg©vY Kiv | wbivc` cvwb mieivn wbwðZ Kiv nq, e„wói cvwb †_‡K dmj djv‡bvi myweav ivLv nq Ges †mŠi c¨v‡bj cÖ`vb Kiv nq| DcišÍ, cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a we`¨gvb moK¸‡jvi m‡½ ms‡hvM moK wbg©vY wbwðZ nq| cÖ_gZjv wbg©vY Kiv nq Mevw` cï I cÖvwY m¤ú‡`i Rb¨ Ges DciZjv wbg©vY Kiv nq gvbe AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨| A¶g e¨w³ I cÖvYxi mnR PjvP‡ji Rb¨ Xvjy wmwo ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q| AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n wWRvBb Kiv n‡q‡Q N›Uvq 260 wKwg †e‡Mi evZv‡mi MwZ †gvKv‡ejv K‡i Ges D”PZv n‡Z n‡e cÖZ¨vwkZ cøvebv¯Í‡ii D‡aŸ©| wbg©vY m¤úwK©Z Kg©KvÛ n‡Z ‡bwZevPK cwi‡ek cÖfve cÖwZdwjZ n‡e| Gme cÖfv‡ei †ewki fvMB mvgwRK I mxwgZ Ges cÖKí mxgvbvi g‡a¨ c~e© aviY K…Z cÖfvemg~n n‡jv wbg©vYKvjxb b`©gv I Rjve×Zv, ¶Y¯’vqx f~-cwi¯’ cvwb I f~Mf©¯’ cvwb `~lY, wbg©vY m¤úwK©Z a~jv, evqy I kã `ylY BZ¨vw`| cÖKí GjvKvq wbg©vY PjvKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv, Kg©x‡`i †ckvMZ wbivcËv Ges QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i wbivc` PjvPj I ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| 132. Dc-cÖKímg~n ev¯ÍevqbKv‡j gšÍe¨ cÖfvemg~n Dci gšÍe¨ wb‡¤œ ms‡¶‡c ewY©Z n‡jv| 133. wbg©vY wkwe‡ii Awe‡ewPZ wbe©vPb K…wl Drcv`b e¨vnZ A_ev cÖvK…wZK Rjf~wgi †Wª‡bR Rjve×Zv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| GQvov, m„ó AveR©bv I KwVb e‡R©¨i Awe‡ewPZ Acmvi‡Yi Kvi‡Y cvwb/cwi‡ek `~wlZ n‡Z cv‡i| gvbyl I Zv‡`i cwiewZ©Z AvPiY ¯’vbxq Awaevmx I ¯’vcbvmg~‡ni Dci ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfve †dj‡e| ch©vß msL¨K kÖwgK GjvKvi mvgwqK wkwe‡i emevm Ki‡e hvi d‡j ¯’vbxq AeKvVv‡gvi Dci Pvc c‡o Ges weiƒc mvgvwRK cÖfve cÖwZdwjZ n‡e| 47 134. cvwb `~lY NU‡Z cv‡i eR©¨ cvwbi wbM©gb †_‡K `„óvšÍ ¯^iƒc †jevi †mU †_‡K wbM©Z Zij eR©¨ wbKU¯’ Rjvk‡q †hgb †Wªb, cyKzi, Lvj-b`x Dc‡P cov I PzB‡q cov †Zj/ivmvqwbK †_‡K| Dc-cÖK‡íi mvB‡Ui Pvicv‡k^©i Rjvk‡qi Dcw¯’wZ I Pjgvb e¨envi wba©viY Ki‡e cÖfv‡ei gvÎv| `„óvšÍ ¯^iƒc, Dc-cÖK‡íi KvQvKvwQ ‡Kvb cyKz‡i hw` †Kvb Kvco †avjvB/‡Mvmj A_ev gvQ Pvl Kiv nq Zvn‡j Dc-cÖKí Kvh© Kjvc †_‡K D™¢~Z `ylY ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weiƒc cÖfve m„wó Ki‡e| Dc-Kímg~n f~-Dcwi¯’ cvwbi `~lY m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| GjvKvi kÖwgK wkwei †_‡K Awe‡ewPZfv‡e wbM©Z M„n¯’vwj eR©¨ A_ev wbg©vY e‡R©¨i Kvi‡Y| GQvov Awe‡ewPZ †mcwUK U¨v¼ I ‡kvlK bjK~c wbg©v‡Yi Kvi‡Y f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi `~lY n‡Z cv‡i | : 135. Dc-cÖK‡íi wbg©vY n‡Z ivwek m„wó n‡Z cv‡i wewfbœ Dc-cÖK‡íi Kvh©Kjvc †_‡K| KwVb eR©¨ I D™¢~Z n‡e kÖwgK QvDwb †_‡K| wbg©vY ivwe‡ki I KwVb e‡R©¨i Awe‡ewPZ e¨e¯’vcbv †Wª‡bR jvBb/c‡_ e×Zv m„wó Ges cwi‡ek `~lY Ki‡Z cv‡i| 136. cÖKímg~‡ni cyi cÖ‡KŠkjMZ KvR PjvKv‡j ¶Y¯’vqx †Wª‡bR I Rjve×Zv cÖvkB N‡U _v‡K| †Wª‡bi g‡a¨ Rgvcov gvwU, LbbK…Z c`v_© gvwU Ges Kv‡Ri ¯’vb ïK‡bv ivLvi Rb¨ mvgwqK wbwg©Z euva wbg©v‡Yi Kvi‡Y †Wª‡bi cvwb ¯^vfvweK cÖfve wewNœZ n‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡bi e×Zv wb¤œvÂj msjMœ cÖKí mvBUmg~‡n we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| †Wª‡bR e×Zv cÖKí cvk^©eZ©x GjvKvmg~‡n emvevmKvix †jvKR‡bi Rb¨ `~‡f©vM m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| wbg©vY mvgMÖx A_ev e‡R©¨i Awe‡ewPZ ¯‘ycKiY A_ev AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi µzwUc~Y© mvBU wbe©vP‡bi Kvi‡Y Dc-cÖK‡íi ev¯Íevqb GjvKvq †Wª‡bR mgm¨v I Rjve×Zvi msKU m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ †h †Kvb ai‡bi SuzwK e‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i | 137. hvb PjvPj (mvBU †_‡K wbg©vY mvgMÖx Avbv †bIqvi Rb¨), wbg©vY miÄvgvw` I †Rbv‡iUi Pvjv‡bvmn e¨vcK wfwËK wbg©vY Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡Y kã/evqy `~lY NU‡Z cv‡i| cvBj WªvBfvi, eyj‡WvRvi, Wv¤úUªvK, K¤ú¨v±i, wgw·s †gwkb I †Rbv‡iUi Pvjy ivL‡j ch©vß kã m„wó n‡e| 138. ~ © welq e‡j we‡ewPZ nq ¯‹zj-Kvg-AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~‡n kã/evqy/a~wjKbv `~lY QvÎ-QvÎx I wk¶‡Ki Rb¨ GKwU ¸iæZ¡cY wb©gvY I cÖvK wbg©vYKv‡j | wbg©vY KvR ïiæi Av‡M Ges wbg©vY KvR PjvKv‡j hš¿cvwZ †_‡K wbM©Z †auvqv A_ev wbg©vY mvgMªxmg~n wbevibKv‡j wb:m„Z a~wjKYv ¯^v¯’¨ SuywKi K_v we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z wVKv`vi‡`i wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q _v‡K| wbg©vY KvR we‡kl K‡i cvBwjs Gi KvR QywUi w`‡b m¤úbœ Kivi R‡b¨ Ges ¯‹z‡ji mgq cybtwba©viY Kivi Rb¨ e¨e¯’v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GQvov wVKv`viMY‡K civgk© †`Iqv n‡q‡Q wbg©vY mvB‡Ui Pvicv‡k^© †eóbx wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ hv‡Z K‡i QvÎ- QvÎxiv †mLv‡b †h‡Z Ges ‡`Šov‡`Šwo Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| 139. eb¨ cÖvYxi emwZ, msL¨v, PviY‡¶Î I PjvP‡ji ˆRe cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vq Dc- cÖKímg~‡ni †Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡e bv Ges weij, ûgwKi m¤§yLxb A_ev msKUvcbœ cÖRvwZi Dw™¢` I cÖvwYi Avevm ¯’‡ji Dci ‡bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡e bv| 48 140. bZzb wbg©vY I cyb evmb Kv‡Ri Kvi‡Y †Kv‡b †Kv‡bv N~wb©So Avkªq †K›`ª mvB‡U †ek wKQz msL¨K MvQ †K‡U †dj‡Z n‡q‡Q| N~wb©So AvkÖvq †K‡›`ªi mv‡_ ¯‹zj KwgwU I wVKv`v‡ii `vwqZ¡ n‡e wbg©vY KvR †k‡l ¯‹yj cÖv½‡Y dj I wU¤^vi cÖRvwZi MvQ jvMv‡bv| 141. kÖwgKiv hLb KvR Ki‡e ZLb Zviv wKQz ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv SzuwKi gy‡LvgywL n‡e| h‡_vchy³ †mwb‡Ukb myweav I my‡cq cvwbi e¨e¯’v, cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv Ges e¨vw³MZ AvZ¥i¶v miÄvgvw` (wcwcB) kÖwgK‡`i Rb¨ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GQvov AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©v‡Y QvÎ- QvÎx‡`i wbivc` GKwU ¸iæZ¡cyY© welq Ges wVKv`vi‡`i wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡e wbg©vY mvB‡Ui Pvicv‡k^© †eóYx wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨| 142. DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi Dci mv¤¢e¨ cÖfve f~wg AwaMªnY I cyb©¯’vcbv GKwU ¸iæZ¡cyY© we‡eP¨ cÖm½| Ab¨vb¨ m¤¢e¨ Av_©- y© Kiv njt mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n wb‡¤œ AšÍf³ 1. hvbRU 2. ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv 3. Kg©ms¯’vb I evwYwR¨K Kvh©Kjvc 4. cÖZ¥ZvwË¡K I HwZnvwmK ¯’vcbv Ges †fŠZ mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú‡`i wbivcËv (wcwmAvi) 1. wbe©vwPZ cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n wewfbœ cyw¯ÍKv cÖKvkbv ch©v‡jvPbv I mydj †fvMx ¯’vbxq Awaevwm‡`i m‡½ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g GjwRBwW GgwWGmwc- Gi mvgvwRK cÖm½vw` I m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvemg~‡ni Dci GKwU mgx¶v cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Q| mgx¶vwU cwiPvwjZ nq cÖK‡íi mydj †fvMx, ÿwZMÖ¯Í †jvKRb, Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó e¨vw³, †Mvóxmg~n mn †÷vK†nvìvi‡`i mgš^‡q| mvgvwRK cÖfvewbiƒcY Dc- cÖK‡íi wWRvBb I ev¯Íevq‡bi mswkøó †óK†nvìvi‡`i AskMÖn‡Yi mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv GB g‡g© m¤¢ebv e„w× K‡i †h wba©vwiZ mydj†fv³viv †Kvb iKg ˆelg¨ e¨wZ‡i‡K my‡hvMmyweav †fvM Ki‡eb| mgx¶vwU cÖK‡íi mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi cwibwZ I cÖfvemg~n my®úó K‡i ‡Zv‡j Ges A‰bw”QK cybe©vlb wel‡q Iwc 4.12 Ges Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvôxi cÖm‡½ Iwc 4.10 mn mvgvwRK i¶vKeR m¤ú‡K© cwiPvjbv bxwZgvjv cÖ‡qv‡Mi wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡i| G mgx¶v mvgvwRK Dbœq‡Yi AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K n‡q‡Q Ges cÖK‡íi AvIZvq Dc cÖKí Kvh©Kjvgmg~‡ni Rb¨ weiƒc cÖfvemg~n Gwo‡q Pjv, n«vm Kiv, wbim‡Y Kiv Ges ¶wZc~i‡Yi c`‡¶c mg~n mycvwik K‡i‡Q| cÖKí D‡`¨k¨mg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K G mgx¶vq wba©vwiZ Rb‡Mvóxi `y‡h©vMRwbZ `~‡f©vM Dcjw× Kiv Ges `~‡hv©M AvkÖvq†K‡›`ªi Avek¨KZv cÖm‡½ Zv‡`i Av_©- mvgvwRK iƒc†iLv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| 1. eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n Ges Avkªq†K›`ªmg~n eivei ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni cybe©vmb I wbg©vY 9wU DcKzjxq †Rjvq 7420 wU cjøxMÖv‡gi Awaevwm‡`i Rb¨ mydj e‡q Avb‡e| 35 jvL cjøx cwiev‡ii cÖvq 1 †KvwU 7 jvL gvbyl `~‡h©v‡Mi mgq ch©vqµ‡g wbivc` AvkÖq jvf Ki‡e| cÖKí GjvKvi †gvU RbmsL¨v 2 †KvwU 29 jvL, hvi g‡a¨ 1 †KvwU 16 jvL bvix cwievi cÖwZ Mo m`m¨ msL¨v 4.8 Ges K·evRv‡i Zv m‡e©v”P Ges wc‡ivRcy‡i me©wb¤œ| RYmsL¨vi Mo NbZ¡ cÖwZ eM©gvB‡j 951 Rb, hv RvZxq Mo NbZ¡ cÖwZ eM©gvB‡j 1015 R‡bi KvQvKvwQ| Z‡e PÆMÖvg, †dbx I j²xcyi †Rjvq RbmsL¨vi NbZ¡ RvZxq cwimsL¨v‡bi D‡×© Ges ewikvj, †fvjv, cUzqvLvjx, wc‡ivRcyi, K·evRvi I †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi RbmsL¨v NbZ¡ RvZxq cwimsL¨v‡Yi wb‡P| cÖKí GjvKvq bvix cyiæ‡li Mo AvbycvwZK nvi 97 hvi g‡a¨ me©wb¤œ (92) n‡”Q j²xcyi I †bvqvLvjx 49 †Rjv Ges m‡e©v”P (104) K· evRvi †Rjvq, PÆMÖv‡g (102), †fvjvq (99), ewikvj I cUzqvLvjx‡Z (96) I †dbx‡Z (93)| mvibx 5-1t cÖK‡íi mydj†fv³v RbmsL¨v ‡Rjv ‡gvU Rb cj-x GjvKvq bvix/ cwiev‡ii NbZ¡ msL¨v emevm Kvix cyi”l AvK„wZ RbmsL¨v AbycvZ ewikvj 2,324,310 1,805,294 96 4.5 835 ‡fvjv 1,776,795 1,533,478 99 4.8 522 cUzqvLvjx 1,535,854 1,333,972 96 4.4 477 wc‡ivRcyi 1,113,257 930,626 97 4.3 871 PÆMÖvg 7,616,352 4,463,723 102 4.9 1442 K·evRvi 2,289,990 1,790,979 104 5.5 919 ‡dbx 1,437,371 1,143,629 93 5.1 1451 j²xcyi 1,729,188 1,466,191 92 4.7 1200 ‡bvqvLvjx 3,108,083 2,611,383 92 5.2 00 cÖKí GjvKv 22,931,200 17,079,275 97 4.8 951 m~Ît weweGm RbmsL¨v I Avevmb Rixc- 2011 3. cÖKí GjvKvi RbmsL¨vi g‡a¨ 4 eQi ch©šÍ eqmx wkï 5-9 eQi eqmx cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi wk¶v_x© Ges 64 eQ‡ii E‡×© eqmx gvby‡li i‡q‡Q cÖvq 30%| Aewkóiv 10 †_‡K 64 eQi ch©šÍ wZbwU MÖæ‡c wef³ 10 †_‡K 24 eQi, 25 †_‡K 49 eQi Ges 50 †_‡K 64 eQi| cÖKí GjvKvq wkïi msL¨v 11%, Zvi g‡a¨ wc‡ivRcy‡i 9.6% †_‡K K·evRv‡i 13.3.%| †gvU RbmsL¨vi 5% n‡”Q eq¯‹ †jvKRb (65+), G cwimsL¨vb †fvjvq 4.8%, ‡dbx‡Z 4.5%, j²xcy‡i 5.2% Ges †bvqvLvjx‡Z 4.9%| e‡qve„× gvby‡li mgvbycvwZK nvi Mo nvi A‡c¶v A‡bK bx‡P i‡q‡Q PÆMÖv‡g (3.8), K·evRv‡i (3.1) Ges D‡×© i‡q‡Q ewikv‡j (5.8), cUzqvLvjx (5.6) Ges wc‡ivRcyi (6.5)| mviYx 5-2 †Z eqm wfwËK RbmsL¨vi wefvRb we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| †g‡q I bvixmn wkï I eq¯‹ e¨w³iv `~‡hv©M Kv‡j m‡ev©”P SuzwKi m¤§~Lxb n‡q _v‡K| AvkÖq†K‡›`ªmg~‡ni e¨e¯’cbv KwgwU¸‡jv G ai‡bi RbmsL¨vi Rb¨ AMÖvwaKvi wfwËK AwaKvi I my‡hv‡Mi e¨e¯’v K‡i _v‡K| mviYx 5-2t eq‡mi wfwˇZ cÖKí GjvKvi RbmsL¨v ‡Rjv RbmsL¨vi eqmwfwËK kZKiv nvi (eQi) 0-4 5-9 10-24 25-49 50-64 65+ ewikvj 9.8 12.9 30.0 31.2 10.2 5.8 ‡fvjv 12.1 15.2 29.9 29.5 8.6 4.8 cUzqvLvjx 10.4 13.4 27.8 32.5 10.2 5.6 wc‡ivRcyi 9.6 12.2 28.5 32.5 10.6 6.5 PÆMÖvg 10.0 11.9 33.7 32.6 8.0 3.8 K·evRvi 13.3 15.8 33.5 27.8 6.6 3.1 ‡dbx 10.6 12.4 33.3 29.4 12.0 5.4 j²xcyi 11.9 14.6 31.1 28.8 8.5 5.2 ‡bvqvLvjx 12.3 14.9 32.2 27.7 8.1 4.9 cÖKí GjvKv 11.1 13.7 31.1 30.2 9.2 5.0 m~Ît weweGm, RbmsL¨v I Avevmb Rixc 2011 50 4. wk¶v gvby‡li Av_©- mvgvwRK AvPi‡Y I `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvP‡b AbyNU‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| `vwi`ª gwbUvwis 2004 Abyhvqx Rvbv hvq †h, wbi¶i‡`i Zzjbvq mv¶i‡`i gv‡S `vwi‡`ªi cÖ‡Kvc Kg| gvb hvB‡nvK bv †Kb, †`‡ki wk¶v‡¶‡Î e¨vcK Dbœqb n‡q‡Q| bZzb cÖR¤§ wewfbœ ai‡bi KzkjZv I KvwiMwi `¶Zvi evRvi Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK Zv‡`i wk¶vMZ Kvh©µg †e‡Q wb‡”Q †RÛvi cÖm½ wbwe©‡k‡l| cÖKí GjvKvq mv¶i RbmsL¨v †gvU RbmsL¨vi 53.58%, hv RvZxq Mo 51.8% Gi E‡×©| RbmsL¨v I Avevmb ïgvix 2011 Abyhvqx mv¶iZvi nvi m‡ev©”P wc‡ivRcyi †Rjvq 64.9%| Gi ci Av‡Q ewikvj 61.2%, ‡dbx 59.6%, PÆMÖvg 54.1% Ges †bvqvLvjx 51.3%| mv¶iZvi nvi Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g bvix wk¶vi AMªMwZ n‡q‡Q, ZeyI wk¶vq †RÛvi ˆelg¨ GLbI we`¨gvb| mviYx 5-3 G cªKí GjvKvq mvÿiZvi cwiw¯’wZi we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| mviYx 5-3t cÖKí GjvKvi RbmsL¨vi m^v¶iZvt ‡Rjv ¯^v¶iZvi nvi (%) †gvU cyi”l bvix ewikvj 61.2 61.9 60.6 ‡fvjv 43.2 43.6 42.9 cUzqvLvjx 54.1 56.2 52.0 wc‡ivRcyi 64.9 65.0 64.7 PÆMÖvg 58.9 61.1 56.7 K·evRvi 39.3 40.3 38.2 ‡dbx 59.6 61.1 58.3 j²xcyi 49.4 48.9 49.8 ‡bvqvLvjx 51.3 51.4 51.2 ‡gvU 53.5 54.4 52.7 RvZxq 51.8 54.1 49.4 m~Ît weweGm, RbmsL¨v I Avevmb Rixc- 2011 5. evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavb ag© Bmjvg Ges G‡`‡ki †gvU RbmsL¨vi 90% gymjgvb| wn›`y ag© n‡”Q wØZxq e„nËg Rb‡Mvwói ag© Ges †gvU RbmsL¨vi 8.39%| Aewkó ag©xq m¤ú`v‡qi g‡a¨ wLªóvb, ‡eŠ× I Ab¨vb¨ ag©vej¤^xiv i‡q‡Q| RvZxq cwimsL¨v‡bi Zzjbvq cÖKí GjvKvq wn›`y gymjgv‡bi AvbycvwZK nvi Awfbœ, Z‡e †eŠ×‡`i nvi †ekx, KviY PÆMÖvg I K·evRv‡i †eŠ× ag©vej¤^x‡`i msL¨v †ewk| Ab¨vb¨ ag©vej¤^x‡`i AvbycvwZK nvi GjvKvq RvZxq M‡oi Zzjbvq Kg| mviYx 5-4 G †`Lv‡bv 51 n‡q‡Q cÖKí GjvKvq a‡g©i wfwˇZ RbmsL¨vi wefvRb| Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc m~‡Î Rvbv ‡M‡Q †h, †mLv‡b ag©xq m¤úªxwZ i‡q‡Q Ges NywY©S‡oi mgq AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡n cÖ‡e‡ki e¨vcv‡i †Kvb ˆelg¨g~jK NUbvi bwRi †bB| mviYx 5-4 G a‡g©i wfwˇZ RbmsL¨v ‡Rjv a‡g©i wfwˇZ RbmsL¨vi kZKiv wnmve gymwjg wn›`y Lªxóvb ‡eŠ× Ab¨vb¨ ewikvj 87.772 11.690 0.526 0.010 0.003 ‡fvjv 96.550 3.442 0.004 0.002 0.002 cUyqvLvjx 93.017 6.869 0.022 0.088 0.004 wc‡ivRcyi 83.170 16.785 0.019 0.019 0.006 PÆMÖvg 86.901 11.311 0.098 1.591 0.099 K·evRvi 93.972 4.264 0.066 1.652 0.046 ‡dbx 94.121 5.828 0.013 0.028 0.010 j²xcyi 96.548 3.436 0.006 0.007 0.003 ‡bvqvLvjx 95.427 4.522 0.030 0.018 0.003 ‡gvU 91.007 8.147 0.101 0.706 0.040 RvZxq 90.43 8.39 0.56 0.37 0.25 m~Ît weweGm, RbmsL¨v I Avevmb kygvix- 2011(Kw¤úDUvi wnmve) 6. evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU RbmsL¨vi (14.40 †KvwU) g‡a¨ cÖvq 16 jvL gvbyl 45 ai‡bi wewfbœ ¶z`ª RvwZ †Mvwói AšÍ©MZ hviv miKvix fv‡e DcRvwZ, ¶z`ª b„ †Mvwô, ¶z`ª RvwZ †Mvwô I cÖvwšÍK m¤úª`vq wnmv‡e cwiwPZ, DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô wnmv‡e eûj cwiwPZ| Gme gvby‡liv DËiv‡j Ges †`‡ki `w¶Y c~e©v‡j cve©Z¨PƪMÖv‡g †K›`ªxf~Z Ges Zviv mvavibfv‡e DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô wnmv‡e we‡ewPZ| Z‡e DcRvZxqiv evsjv‡`‡k ¯^ívbycv‡Z wew¶ßfv‡e Qwo‡q i‡q‡Q | cÖKífy³ 9 wU †Rjvq †gvU RbmsL¨vi 8.7% hvi g‡a¨ 68% cjøxA‡j emevm K‡i| ewikvj †Rjvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi 50%, †fvjv †Rjvq 68%, cUzqvLvjx 81%, wc‡ivRcyi 89%, PÆMÖv‡g 67%, K·evRv‡i 72%, †dbx 56%, j²xcy‡i 16% Ges †bvqvLvjx 20% cjøxA‡j emevm K‡i| mviYx 5-5-G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q cÖKífz³ †Rjvmg~‡n DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi wefvRb| cÖKífy³ †Rjvmg~‡n emevmKvix cÖavb DcRvZxmg~n n‡”Q PvKgv, Mv‡iv, wÎcyiv, Lywg, ivLvBb, gvjcvnvox, Wvjy, gvigv, ZbP½v I eg©Y| Ab¨vb¨ †Rjvi Zzjbvq PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi I cUzqvLvjx‡Z DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi mgv‡ek AwaKZi| mviYx 5-5t cÖKí GjvKvq DcRvZxq RbmsL¨v ‡Rjv DcRvZxq cjøx GjvKvq ‡gvU RbmsL¨vi Zzjbvq ¶z`ª RvwZ‡Mvwô mg~n Rb‡Mvwô msL¨v emevmKvixi MÖvgxb DcRvZxq msL¨v Rb‡Mvwôi kZKiv nvi ewikvj 76 50 0.002 PvKgv, Mv‡iv, wÎcyiv I Ab¨vb¨ ‡fvjv 57 68 0.003 PvKgv, Lywg, Mv‡iv I Ab¨vb¨ cUzqvLvjx 1,399 81 0.085 ivLvBb, PvKgv, wÎcyiv I Ab¨vb¨ wc‡ivRcyi 53 89 0.005 gvjcvnvox, Wvjy, PvKgv I Ab¨vb¨ PÆMÖvg 32,165 67 0.481 wÎcyiv, PvKgv, gvigv I Ab¨vb¨ K·evRvi 14,551 72 0.583 ivLvBb, Zvb‡P½v, PvKgv I Ab¨vb¨ ‡dbx 639 56 0.032 PvKgv, eg©b, wÎcyiv I Ab¨vb¨ j²xcyi 244 16 0.003 PvKgv, eg©b, wÎcyiv I Ab¨vb¨ ‡bvqvLvjx 347 20 0.003 PvKgv, eg©b, wÎcyiv I Ab¨vb¨ ‡gvU 49,331 68 0.197 m~Ît weweGm, RbmsL¨v I Avevmb mygvix- 2011 52 7. ¯^Zš¿ Awaevmx ms¯‹…wZ†Mvwô wnmv‡e mbv³ KiYt cÖKí GjvKvi 9wU †Rjvq emevmKvix ¶z`ªRvwZ‡Mvwô (PvKgv , Mv‡iv, wÎcyiv, Lywg, ivLvBb, gvjcvnvox, Xvjy, gvigv, ZbP½v, eg©b I Ab¨vb¨ †hgbwU mviYx 5-5-G ewY©Z)| Zv‡`i Avw` Drm Ges RvwZMZ cwiwPwZ Abyhvqx DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô| evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb msweav‡b Zv‡`i‡KÒ ¶y`ª RvwZ‡Mvwô m¤úª`vqÓ ejv n‡q‡Q Ges Zviv cðv`Mvgx Rb‡Mvwô wnmv‡e we‡klfv‡e wPwýZ| Av`g I Avevmb ïgvix 2011 Abyhvqx DcRvwZ wnmv‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvaviY RbMb I Zv‡`i‡K ¯^Zš¿ mvs¯‹…wZK †Mvwô e‡j Rv‡b| 8. © yiæ‡li Avevmf~wg Ges cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡`i cÖwZ mgwóMZ AbyivM t cÖKífy³ †Rjvmg~‡ni DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô i c~ec gvby‡liv Zv‡`i c~e©cyi”‡li Avevmf~wg‡Z f~wgnxb Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q Ges Zviv eZ©gv‡b Avi cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡`i Dci wbf©ikxj bq| Zviv RbmsL¨vi g~j †mªv‡Zi m‡½ wew¶ßfv‡e wg‡k †M‡Q Ges µgk Zviv wkw¶Z n‡q e¨emv, K…wl I PvKzixRxwe RvZxq g~j ‡¯ªv‡Zi RxweKv Aej¤^b Ki‡Q| 9. cÖPwjZ mvs¯‹…wZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK A_ev ivR‰bwZK cÖwZ&ôvbmg~nt cÖKífy³ †Rjvmg~‡ni DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZ, ag© I HwZn¨ i‡q‡Q| hv mgv‡Ri g~j †mÖvZaviv †_‡K wew”Qbœ| wKš‘ Zv‡`i †Kvb ¯^Zš¿ mbvZbx cÖkvmwbK e¨e¯’v ‡bB †hgbwU i‡q‡Q cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi †Rjvmg~‡n| Zviv g~j‡mÖv‡Zi RvZxq cÖkvmwbK I ivR‰bwZK KvVv‡gvi AšÍ©MZ| 10. Avw`evmx fvlvi e¨envit GB me ¶z`ª DcRvwZi wbR¯^ ¯^Kxq fvlv i‡q‡Q Ges †mB fvlvq Zviv wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ K_v e‡j| Avevi †h‡nZz Zviv wew¶ßfv‡e g~j†mÖv‡Zi m‡½ wg‡kAv‡Q, †mB‡nZz Zviv e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi m‡½ evsjvflv‡ZI K_v e‡j Zviv evsjv fvlvq co‡Z I wjL‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv‡`i †Q‡j †g‡qiv RvZxq wk¶vµg Abyhvqx †jLvcov wkL‡Q| 11. Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwôi Dci cÖwZwU DccÖK‡íi cÖfve Rvbv hv‡e hLb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni mvBU Ges moKmg~‡ni Ae¯’vb mbv³ I evQvB Kiv n‡e| GjwRBwWi Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc-Gi AwfÁZv †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, DcK~jxq †Rjvmg~‡n 300wUiI †ekx AvkÖq‡K›`ª wbg©vb/ Dbœq‡bi cÖfve †¶‡Î †Kvb DcRvZxq gvbyl †bB &Ges Dc cÖK‡íi mvBUmg~n †_‡K †Kvb DcRvZxq gvbyl‡K GLb ch©šÍ AcmviY Kiv nq wb| Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Dcw¯’wZmn cÖevn†¶‡Îi RbM‡Yi mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcY I e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Dcw¯’wZ mn cÖevn †¶‡Îi RbM‡Yi mvgvwRK `yf©vM ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges †`Lv †M‡Q †h, `~‡hv©M Kv‡j AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n AvkÖq MÖn‡Y †Mvwômg~‡ni g‡a¨ †Kvb ai‡bi ˆelg¨ j¶¨ Kiv hvq wb Z‡e GgwWGmwc-Gi AvIZvq bZzb cÖKífz³ †Rjvmg~‡n DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô _vK‡Z cv‡i hviv cÖKí †_‡K mydj †fvM Ki‡e G Kvi‡YB GKwU wUwWGd MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q (aviv 12 `ªóe¨)| 12. evsjv‡`k GKwU `wi`ª I AwaK RbmsL¨vi †`k (cÖwZ eM©gvB‡j 1015 Rb) Ges Gi †gvU RbmsL¨vi 32.5% `wi`ª wewfbœ cÖwZK~jZv k‡Z©I evsjv‡`‡ki A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× 1996 mvj †_‡K 5-6% Gi g‡a¨ _vK‡Q hw`I †gvU wRwWwc-Gi 53 A‡a©‡Ki †ewk Av‡m †mevg~jK LvZ †_‡K, †`‡ki †gvU RbmsL¨vi 45% K…wl Lv‡Z wb‡qvwRZ †mLv‡b cÖavb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© dmj avb Drcbœ nq| cÖKí GjvKv †`k‡K eûjvs‡k cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i wkí, evwYR¨ I K…wl wbf©i Drcv`b LvZ| cÖKí GjvKvi Kg©Rxwei RbmsL¨vi cÖvq 52% K…wl Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ Ges Aa©vs‡ki wbR¯^ K…wl Rwg i‡q‡Q| cÖKí GjvKvi 50 kZvsk km¨ Avev` Kiv nq| RbmsL¨vi 30 kZvs‡ki cvKv AvevwmK ¯’vcbv i‡q‡Q| Giv cÖKí GjvKvi RbmsL¨vi weËevb As‡ki cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix| 13. evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU f~wgi cwigvY cÖvq 1 †KvwU 23 jvL †n±i (f~wg gš¿Yvjq I weAviwm 2001) Ges gv_vwcQz †gvU f~wg 27% Ges Pvlvev`‡hvM¨ f~wg 17%| evsjv‡`‡k M‡o †gvU cwievi msL¨vi 53 kZvs‡ki wbR¯^ K…wl i‡q‡Q Ges Gme Pvlx cwiev‡ii 11 kZvsk cÖKí GjvKvq emevm Ki‡Q| cÖKí GjvKvi †gvU cwievi 56 kZvsk n‡”Q Pvlx cwievi| †Rjvmg~‡ni g‡a¨ PÆMÖvg I K·evRvi †Rjvq Pvlx cwiev‡ii msL¨v Kg, KviY PÆMÖvg n‡”Q e›`ibMix Avi K·evRvi ch©Ub †Rjv Ges `yÕwU †Rjv‡ZB gnvbM‡ii ˆewkó¨mg~n we`¨vgvb| cÖKí GjvKvi Pvlx cwievimg~‡ni AwaKvskB (88%) ¯^í cwigvb f~wgi gvwjK 0.05 GKi †_‡K 2.49 GKi ch©šÍ| Pvlx cwievimg~‡ni g‡a¨ 1 kZvs‡ki wKQz †ewk (1-16%) we¯Í…Z Rwgi hv‡`i f~wgi cwigvb 7-50 GKi A_ev wKQz †ewk Ges Aewkó A_©vr 11% cwiev‡ii i‡q‡Q gvSvix AvK…wZi Rwg, 2-50 †_‡K 7-50 GKi| mviYx 5-6-G cÖKí GjvKvi f~wg gvwjKvbv †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| mviYx 5-6t cÖKí GjvKvi K…wl f~wgi gvwjKvbv ‡Rjv ‡gvU cwievi K…wl cwievimg~n ‡QvU (0.05- gvSvix (2.50- eo (7.50+ 2.49 GKi) 7.49 GKi) GKi) msL¨v msL¨v % msL¨v msL¨v msL¨v ewikvj 423535 311537 73.56 280283 29524 1730 ‡fvjv 339595 219897 64.75 186935 29692 3270 cUzqvLvjx 312092 210535 67.67 164599 38758 7078 wc‡ivRcyi 231673 170786 73.72 148062 21168 1556 PÆMÖvg 870435 347341 39.90 315139 30067 2135 ‡dbx 218316 125988 57.71 115814 9735 43.9 54 j²xcyi 52149 32787 62.87 28625 3754 408 ‡bvqvLvjx 87209 47659 54.65 41270 5707 682 cÖKí GjvKv 2861818 1614294 56.41 141378 182222 18694 % nvi RvZxq RbmsL¨vi 9.97 10.63 11.03 8.53 7.98 cÖKí GjvKv ch©v‡q K…wlcwiev 87.55 11.29 1.16 evsjv‡`k 28695763 151831853 52.91 12812372 2136415 234396 RvZxq ch©vq K…wl 84.39 14.07 1.54 cwievi mg~‡ni kZKiv nvi m~Ît evsjv‡`k K…wl Rixc- 2008 14. cÖKí GjvKvq emevmKvix †gvU 2.86 j¶ cwiev‡ii g‡a¨ 43% APvlx cwievi i‡q‡Q| cÖKí GjvKvq †gvU emevmKvixi 35% n‡”Q gvwjKvbv cwievi, 20% gvwjKvbv Kvg †fvM¯^Z¡vwaKvix cwievi I cÖvq 2% †fvM¯^Z¡vwaKvix cwievi Ges 17% i‡q‡Q Pvlx cwievimg~n| mviYx 5-7-G cÖKí GjvKvq †fvM¯^Z¡ I Pvlxcwievimg~‡ni we¯ÍvwiZ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| mviYx 5-7 Rwgi †fvM¯^Z¡ I Pvlx cwievi mg~n ‡Rjv ‡gvU cwievi ‡fvM¯^Z¡ I Avmj gvwjKvbv cwievimg~‡ni AvbycvwZK nvi ewikvj 423,535 47.95 24.36 1.25 23.06 ‡fvjv 339,595 36.26 26.51 1.98 22.66 cUzqvLvjx 312,092 48.32 18.26 0.88 0.59 wc‡ivRcyi 231,273 53.65 19.34 0.72 21.41 PÆMÖvg 870,435 22.65 15.73 1.53 11.39 K·evRvi 326,814 23.39 18.73 3.10 17.50 ‡dbx 218,316 36.51 20.80 0.39 14.43 j²xcyi 52,149 38.43 17.65 6.79 25.48 ‡bvqvLvjx 87,209 35.03 18.34 1.24 24.76 cÖKíGjvKv 2,861,818 35.12 19.70 1.58 17.32 myÎt weweGm, evsjv‡`k K…wl Rixc 2008 15. RvZxq ch©v‡q evsjv‡`‡ki Avevmb bgybv KvVv‡gv‡K cvKv, ‡mwgcvKv I Szcwo †kÖYx‡Z wefvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| BU I Pzbv evwji Av¯Í‡i cvKv Ni evox wbwg©Z n‡q _v‡K Ges Zv ïaygvÎ Rb‡Mvwôi abx gvby‡li i‡q‡Q| Szcwo Nievwo Lo, evuk I Ab¨vb¨ Kg Li‡Pi wbg©vY mvgMÖx Øviv ˆZix nq, Rb‡Mvwôi nZ `wi`ª I `y`©kvMÖ¯Í gvby‡liv Szcwo ¯’vcbv wbg©vY K‡i _v‡K| cÖKí GjvKvq g~j Rb‡Mvwôi AwaKvskB †XDwUb, KvV I evuk Øviv wbwg©Z KuvPv evwoi Ni e¨envi K‡i Ges ga¨g †kÖwYi †jv‡Kiv †XDwUb I BU cÖvwPi Øviv wbwg©Z AvavcvKv Ni evwo e¨envi K‡i| ewikvj, †fvjv, cUzqvLvjx, wc‡ivRcyi, j²xcyi I †bvqvLvjxi cÖvq 80% KvuPv Nievwo e¨envi K‡i †mLv‡b PÆMÖv‡g gvÎ 48%| cÖKí GjvKvi MociZv 8.7 % 55 †jvK cvKv wbg©vY K‡i _v‡K Ges Ab¨vb¨ 10.8% AvavcvKv Ni evox wbg©vY K‡i _v‡K| cvKv I AvavcvKv Nievwo wbg©vY PÆMÖv‡g †ewk (25% cvKv I 20.6% AvavcvKv) Ges †dwb‡Z (16.6% cvKv I 17.6% AvavcvKv| Szcwo Nievwo wbg©vY K·evRv‡i me‡P‡q †ewQ 13.3% Ges †dbx‡Z me‡P‡q Kg 1.4%| mviYx 5-8-G cÖKí GjvKvi Rb‡Mvwôi Avevmb cwiw¯’wZi we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| mviYx 5-8 t cÖK‡íi Avevmb bgybv †Rjv cvKv AvavcvKv KuvPv Szcwo ewikvj 7.3 10.9 80 1.8 ‡fvjv 1.6 7.6 86.3 4.5 cUzqvLvjx 2.6 5.7 86.6 5.1 wc‡ivRcyi 4 8 86.2 1.8 PÆMÖvg 25 20.6 48.3 6.1 K·evRvi 6.2 11.6 68.9 13.3 ‡dbx 16.6 17.6 64.4 1.4 j²xcyi 7.6 7.4 82.6 2.4 †bvqvLvjx 7.6 7.6 80.6 4.2 cÖKí GjvKv 8.7 10.8 76.0 4.5 m~Î: weweGm, RbmsL¨v I Avevmb Rixc 2011 16. cÖKí GjvKvi RbmsL¨v 2 †KvwU 30 jvL Ges †gvU Rb msL¨vi gvÎ 8% wewfbœ Lv‡Zi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ hvi g‡a¨ K…wl‡Z (59%), wkí KviLvbvq (10%) I PvKzwi‡Z (31%)| †gvU †Rjv RbmsL¨v wn‡m‡e Kg©Rxwe RbmsL¨v K·evRv‡i m‡e©v”P I wc‡ivRcy‡i me©wb¤œ| Kg©Rxwe RbmsL¨v K·evRv‡i (cÖvq 13%), ewikv‡j (9.34%), †fvjvq (8.65%) I j²xcy‡i (8.35)| Kg©Rxwe RbmsL¨vi gvÎ 7.56% PÆMÖv‡g 7.47% cUzqvLvjx‡Z 7.39 †bvqvLvjx‡Z I †dbx‡Z 5.67%| Kg©Rxwe‡`i g‡a¨ bvix cyiæ‡li wefvRb mviYx 5-9-G †hfv‡e †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h bvix Kg©Rxwei g‡a¨ 50% PvKzix‡Z 26% K…wl‡Z I 25% wkí KviLvbvq wb‡qvwRZ| mviYx 5.9 t cÖKí GjvKvq Kg©Rxwe bvix cyiæl wbwe©‡k‡l RbM‡bi †ckv ‡Rjv Kg©Rxwe K…wl (%) wkí (%) PvKzix (%) RbmsL¨v % †gvU cyi”l bvix ‡gvU cyi”l bvix ‡gvU cyi”l bvix ewikvj 9.34 81.37 82.29 60.62 4.37 4.24 7.43 14.26 13.48 31.95 ‡fvjv 8.65 72.31 74.80 36.15 6.40 6.16 9.8/2 21.29 19.05 53.23 cUzqvLvjx 7.47 75.30 77.43 45.25 5.67 5.48 8.03 19.03 16.79 46.71 wc‡ivRcyi 4.06 67.71 70.19 34.02 6.83 6.57 10.48 25.45 23.24 55.50 PÆMÖvg 7.56 34.46 39.26 10.65 18.40 14.59 37.34 47.14 46.16 52.01 K·evRi 12.82 64.56 66.40 40.47 5.40 5.34 6.14 30.04 28.26 53.39 ‡dbx 5.67 47.68 49.43 18.50 9.37 9.00 15.52 42.96 41.57 65.97 j²xcyi 8.35 73.00 74.51 46.81 6.19 5.99 9.64 20.81 19.50 43.54 ‡bvqvLvjx 7.39 66.50 67.67 49.28 5.52 5.30 8.65 27.99 27.02 42.06 ‡gvU cÖKí 8.09 58.72 52.20 25.47 9.70 8.17 24.37 31.58 29.53 50.16 GjvKv 56 m~Î t weweGm, RbmsL¨v I Avevmb Rixc 2011 17. DcK~jxq GjvKvmg~‡n N~wb©S‡oi g‡Zv `~‡h©v‡Mi cÖ_g wkKvi Mevw`cï I nvum gyiMx| N~wY©S‡oi mg‡q Miæ- QvMj QvovI nvum gyiMx‡K AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n ¯’vb †`qv K`vwPr m¤¢e nq| cÖKí GjvKvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ msL¨vK cwiev‡ii Mevw`cï I nvum gyiMx _v‡K| 2008 mv‡j cwiPvwjZ K…wlïgvix Abyhvqx Rvbv hvq, 2008 mv‡j cÖvq 60% cwiev‡ii gyiMx wQ‡jv Ges 39% cwiev‡ii wQ‡jv nvum| gvÎ 13% cwiev‡i QvMj wQ‡jv Ges 32% cwiev‡i Miæ wQ‡jv| cÖKí GjvKvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ msL¨K cwiev‡ii nvum gyiMx wQ‡jv wKš‘ cÖKí GjvKvq QvMj wQ‡jv Kg cQ›`bxq| j²xcyi Qvov Ab¨Î 8 †_‡K 20 kZvsk cwiev‡ii QvMj wQ‡jv| cÖvq 30% cwiev‡ii Mevw`cï wQ‡jv †bvqvLvjx (me©wb¤œ 20%) I cUzqvLvjx (m‡e©v”P 43%) Qvov| mvibx 5-10 t cÖKí GjvKvq Mev`xcï nvumgyiMx cvjbKvix cwievi| ‡Rjv cwiev‡ii msL¨v Mevw`cï QvMj gyiMx nvum ewikvj 37.84 15.17 67.35 49.60 ‡fvjv 30.52 19.17 70.81 56.99 cUzqvLvjx 42.82 17.91 66.34 45.52 wc‡ivRcyi 259.80 11.47 57.77 38.34 PÆMÖvg 28.36 8.72 46.07 25.04 K·evRvi 26.93 13.05 61.35 12.06 ‡dbx 31.17 5.63 69.79 60.70 j²xcyi 28.60 20.58 72.43 67.60 ‡bvqvLvjx 20.49 8.75 66.72 55.60 cÖKí GjvKv 31.54 12.51 59.98 38.72 m~Î t weweGm, evsjv‡`k K…wl ïgvix 2008 18. `vwi`ª n‡”Q GK ai‡bi A_©‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ †hLv‡b †Kvb e¨vw³ Rxeb hvc‡bi b~b¨Zg gvb i¶v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| `vwi`ª n‡”Q gvby‡li gv‡S wewfbœ ai‡bi A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I gb¯ÍwZ¡K eÂbv hvi d‡j Zviv Rxeb hvc‡bi b~b¨Zg gvÎv AR©‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß m¤ú‡`i Afve Ges ¶gZvi wbqš¿b A_ev AwaKvi jvf K‡i bv| cwievi e‡M©i DcvR©b gvÎv †_‡K `vwi`ª wPwýZ Kiv nq| Pig `wi`ªve¯’v n‡”Q ˆ`wnK Aw¯ÍZ¡ i¶vi ¯^v‡_© DcvR©‡bi byb¨ZggvÎv| †mB Rb¨ `vwi`ª mxgv ej‡Z eySv‡bv nq cvwievwiK DcvR©‡bi †mB gvÎv hv w`‡q cwiev‡ii †gŠwjK Pvwn`vmg~n c~iY Kiv hvq cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨vw` I †mevmg~n µ‡qi gva¨‡g| cwievi wfwËK Avq I e¨q mgx¶v (GBPAvBBGm) 2010 †gŠwjK Pvwn`vmg~‡ni e¨q (wmweGj) c×wZ cÖ‡qvM K‡i †`‡ki `vwi`ª mxgvi cwigvc K‡i| GBPAvBBGm 2010 `yB ai‡bi `vwi`ª cwigvc K‡i gvSvix `vwi`ª I Pig `vwi`ª| Pig `vwi`ªmxgv n‡”Q †gŠwjK Lv`¨ `ªe¨ µ‡qi gyj¨ b~b¨Zg DcvR©b Ges gvSvix `vwi`ª mxgv n‡”Q †gŠwjK Lv`¨ `ªe¨ Ges Lv`¨ `ªe¨ bq Ggb Li‡Pi Rb¨ DcvR©b| 19. evsjv‡`k we‡k^i `wi`ª †`k¸wji g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg GKwU †`k| G †`‡ki m‡šÍvlRbK A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× Ges `vwi‡`ªi nvi wb¤œg~Lx nIqv m‡Z¡I GL‡bv †`‡ki gvbyl `vwi`ªve¯Ív I Pig `vwi`ªve¯Ívi m‡½ jo‡Q| `vwi`ª `~ixKi‡Yi cÖvqm Ae¨vnZ 57 i‡q‡Q, evsjv‡`k miKvi Ges †emiKvix ms¯’vmg~n ¶z`ªFY, `~`©kvMÖ¯Í ‡Mvôxi Dbœqb (wfwRwW), `~`©kvMÖ¯Í †Mvôxi Lv`¨ Kg©m~Px (wfwRGd), Kg©ms¯’vb Dbœqb Kg©m~Px Ges Ab¨vb¨ Lv`¨ I im` mvnvh¨ cÖ`v‡bi g‡Zv GKvwaK Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevqb K‡i P‡j‡Q| `vwi`ª wbivgq Kg©m~Px Ges w¯’wZkxj A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w×i Kvi‡Y RvZxq ch©v‡q `vwi‡`ªi gvÎv GBPAvBBGm 2005 Gi 5 eQi ci 2010 mv‡j 40% †_‡K 31.5% G †b‡g Av‡m| mviYx 5-11 †Z †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h ewikvj wefv‡M `vwi`ªve¯’v D”PZi| ewikvj I PÆMÖvg wefv‡M `vwi`ªve¯’v bMi I cjøxA‡j we`¨gvb| Z‡e bMi `vwi`ª PÆMÖvg wefv‡M †ek Kg| ewikvj wefv‡MI Pig `vwi‡`ªi bwRi D”PZi, PÆMÖvg wefv‡Mi Zzjbvq cÖvq wظY| cÖKí GjvKvq Pig `vwi`ªve¯’v ewikvj wefv‡M D”PZi, bwR‡ii Kvi‡Y RvZxq M‡oi KvQvKvwQ| Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq G bwRi RvZxq M‡oi bx‡P| cÖKí GjvKvq gvSvix `vwi`ªve¯’vi bwRi ewikvj wefv‡Mi D”PZi `vwi`ªnv‡ii Kvi‡Y 32.1%| mvibx 5-11 t cÖKí GjvKvq `vwi`ª¨ve¯’vi bwRi Pig `vwi`ª¨ve¯’v gvSvix `vwi`ª¨ve¯’v wc G wefvM RvZxq cj-x bMi RvZxq cj-x bMi ewikvj 26.7 27.3 24.2 39.4 39.2 39.9 PÆMÖvg 13.1 16.2 4.0 26.2 31.0 11.8 evsjv‡`k 17.6 21.1 7.7 31.5 35.2 21.3 m~Ît weweGm GBP AvB BGm 2010 20. DcK~jxq †Rjvmg~‡ni `vwi`ªve¯’v Abyaveb Ki‡Z n‡j Zv‡`i m¤ú‡`i web¨vm (m¤ú‡`i wfwˇZ RbM‡Yi †kÖwY wefvRb) Avek¨K| DcvR©‡bi gvÎvi wbwi‡L cÖZxqgvb nq †h, RwicK…Z GjvKvq Pvi †kÖbxi gvbyl i‡q‡Q- abx, ga¨weË, `wi`ª I nZ`wi`ª| RbM‡Yi †kÖwY wefvRb wba©viY Kiv nq Zv‡`i AvZ¥- wbiæcb Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g| cÖKí GjvKvi ¯’vbxq RbMY wbi”cb K‡i‡Q †h, `vwi‡`ªi nvi GLbI †ewk Ges ewikvj wefv‡Mi RbM‡Yi `vwi`ª cÖvq 55%| 21. wek^e¨vs‡Ki msÁv Abyhvqx †RÛvi n‡”Q bvix I cyiæ‡li f~wgKv I AvPi‡Yi ms¯‹…wZ wbf©i cÖZ¨vkv| bvix I cyiæl nIqvi g‡a¨ mvgvwRK ixwZ I ˆRweK cwimxgvi wewkóZv iPbv K‡i †`q †RÛvi| wj‡½i ˆReZ‡Z¡i ˆecix‡Z¡ †RÛvi f~wgKv I AvPiY KL‡bv KL‡bv A‡c¶vK…Z `ª”Zj‡q HwZnvwmKfv‡e e`‡j †h‡Z cv‡i wj½ wfwËK ˆRe ZviZg¨ †_‡K Gme f~wgKvi Drmg~j nIqv m‡Ë¡I KviY, ag©xq I mvs¯‹…wZK HwZn¨MZ msÁvqb Abyhvqx bvix I cyiæ‡li ¯^Zš¿ f~wgvKv I AvPiY b¨vqm½Z g‡b Kiv nq Ges Z`vbyhvqx bvix I cyiæ‡li cÖZ¨vwkZ AvPiY CwáZ I mvgvwRKfv‡e cÖwZwôZ nq| †RÛvi e¨e¯’vq cwieZ©b cªvqkB weZwK©Z n‡q c‡o| 22. evsjv‡`‡ki bvixiv mgZv I ¶gZvq‡bi wbwi‡L mvgvwRK fv‡e MwZkxj nIqvi Kvi‡Y RvZxq DbœqY cÖqv‡m µgk m¤ú„³ n‡”Q| `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY I †RÛvi mgZv AR©‡b wbf©i‡hvM¨ mvdj¨ m‡Ë¡I AvqMZ `vwi‡`ª D‡jøL‡hvM¨ †RÛvi ‰elg¨ GLbI i‡q‡Q| cÖ_gZ bvix †bZ…Z¡vaxb, bvix cwiPvwjZ I bvix KZ©„K mnvqZvcyó cwievimg~‡n Pig `vwi`ªe¯’v j¶Yxq| wØZxqZ, bvix kÖwgKiv cyiæl kÖwgK‡`i Zzjbvq Kg cvwikÖwgK cvq| Z…ZxqZ, gvivZ¡K Acywó, g„Z¨nvi I iæMœZv RwbZ 58 †RÛvi AmgZv †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, bvixiv Mo coZvq Kg Avnvi K‡i| evsjv‡`‡k 20 †_‡K 30 kZvsk bvix cwiPvwjZ cwievi i‡q‡Q Ges Gme cwi¦v‡ii kZKiv 95 fvMB `vwi`ª¨ mxgvi bx‡P| 23. bvixiv Ae¨vnZfv‡e msMÖvg K‡i Pj‡Q `vwi`ª¨ I wcZ…Z‡š¿i weiæ‡×| GKB m‡½ msMÖvg Ki‡Q Acywó, cÖmeKvjxb D”P gvZ…g„Z¨yi nvi, m¤ú‡`i AwaKvinxbZv, cwi‡ek AebqY, ¯^v¯’¨ AwaKv‡ii Afve, Kg©ms¯’v‡bi Afve, ˆelg¨g~jK gRyix, kª‡gi †¶‡Î K‡Vvi †RÛvi wefvRb Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi PP©vi my‡hv‡Mi Afv‡ei wei”‡×| `vwi`ª¨, ¶zav, Acywó, A_©‰bwZK msKU, wbi¶Zv, cwi‡ek AebqY Ges `~‡h©vM msµvšÍ mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y `wi`ª bvix‡`i `~‡f©vM cyiæl‡`i Zzjbvq (Ges ¯^”Qj bvix‡`i Zzjbvq) †ewk Ges Zviv mwnsmZv I ivR‰bwZK APjve¯’vi wkKvi nq| Zviv †kvlY I †RÛvi wfwËK mwnsmZvi wkKvi nq, wm×všÍ MÖnY I wk¶vjv‡f euvavMÖ¯Í nq Ges ch©vß ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ nq| 24. bvix‡`i f~wg I m¤úwËi AwaKvi Zzjbvg~jK fv‡e Kg _v‡K, cyiæ‡li Zzjbvq Zv‡`i wk¶vi nvi Kg| AbvbyôvwbK Lv‡Z Zviv KvR K‡i _v‡K Ges mxwgZ MwZkxjZv †fvM K‡i| Ae¨vnZ f~wg wefvRb ( Ki‡Yi Kvi‡Y cvwievwiK †bUIqvK© †_‡K Zviv wbivcËvnxbZvi wkKvi nq Ges cwievi ewn©f~Z mvgvwRK mnvqZv jv‡fi Av`k©wbó AwaKvi Zviv nvwi‡q †d‡j| †mRb¨ bvixiv Pig `vwi`ª I `yi e¯’vi wkKvi nq| M„n‡¯’i evB‡i †g‡q‡`i Kv‡Ri my‡hvM K‡g †M‡Q| gvV ch©v‡q Zv‡`i Kv‡Ri my‡qvMI n«vm cv‡”Q KviY GLb cÖhyw³MZ fv‡e avb fvbv I Ab¨vb¨ KvR (eªxR 1994) m¤úvw`Z n‡”Q| miKvixfv‡e bvix‡`I Rb¨ ¶gZvqb I †RÛvi mgZvi D‡`¨vM MÖnY m‡Ë¡I bvixiv D”PZi ch©v‡qi wk¶v, Kg©ms¯’vb I Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK DbœqY LvZ †_‡K ewÂZ n‡”Q| 25. | cÖKí GjvKvmg~‡n †RÛvi cwiw¯’wZ ¶gZvqY Ges †mev I m¤ú‡`i AwaKv‡ii wfwˇZ mbvZbx Ae¯’v‡ZB i‡q‡Q| cÖKí GjvKvq †gvU RbmsLvi 49 kZvsk bvix| cyiæl‡`i Zzjbvq mv¶iZv AR©‡b bvixiv 4.7 kZvsk wcwQ‡q i‡q‡Q| Zviv †gvU RbmsL¨vi gvÎ 9.5% Kg©Rxwe wn‡m‡e wb‡qvwRZ| HwZn¨MZ cyiæl cÖavb mgv‡R RxweKvR©‡b cyiæl‡`i my‡hvM †ekx| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b †g‡qiv cvwievwiK Avqea©‡b I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y µgk mwµq f~wgKv MÖnY Ki‡Q| wk¶v‡¶‡Î cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK ch©v‡q †RÛvi M¨vc D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i n«vm cv‡”Q, Z‡e D”Pgva¨wgK I Z`~a© ch©v‡q GLbI bvix cyiæ‡l‡mi e¨eavb i‡q‡Q| cÖfve Av‡ivwcZ MÖvgmg~‡ni †g‡qiv ¯’vbxq I cvwievwiK ch©v‡qi †bZ„Z¡ †_‡K ewÂZ| weMZ eQi¸wj‡Z wKQz msL¨vK bvix ¯’vbxq †bZ…‡Z¡i AwaKvi jvf K‡ib Ges BDwbqY cwil` I †cŠimfvi m`m¨ wn‡m‡e wbe©vwPZ nb| `wi`ª cwiev‡ii †g‡q‡`i cvwievwiK m¤ú‡`i Dci †Kv‡bv AwaKvi _v‡K bv hZ¶Y bv Zviv cwiev‡ii KZ©…Z¡ jvf A_ev ¶z`ªFY cÖvß n‡”Q| 26. Dc‡i ewY©Z cÖ_g I wØZxq m~P‡Ki wfwˇZ BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq 9wU cÖKí †Rjvi †RÛvi cwiw¯’wZ, we‡kl K‡i bvixi Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv| G‡Z †`Lv †M‡Q †h, BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjvq Dc- cÖKímg~‡ni K¨vP‡g›U GjvKvq MÖvg¸wji 30% bvixi bvix AwaKvi Ges 12% bvixi f~wg AwaKvi wbwðZ n‡q‡Q| 27. BwmAviAviwc Gi Rb¨ mvgvwRK I cybe©vmb bxwZ KvVv‡gv (GmAviwcGd) Gi g‡a¨ cÖK‡í 6wU Dcvs‡ki g‡a¨ 3wU AšÍf©~³ i‡q‡Q| †m¸wj n‡”Q (1) Dcvsk ÔKÕ K…wlLv‡Zi cybi”×vi I DbœqY Kg©m~wP, (2) Dcvsk ÔLÕ eûgyLx AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~n wbg©vY I Dbœqb, (3) Dcvsk ÔMÕ DcK~jxq evua cybe©vmb| Dcvsk ÔLÕ Gi cÖK…wZi Ggwc n‡”Q : Avkªvq‡K›`ª eivei mshy³ mo‡Ki Dbœqbmn eûg~Lx AvkÖq‡K›`ª mg~n wbg©©vY I Dbœqb| 59 28. BwmAviAviwc-Gi Dcvsk ÔLÕ Gi Aax‡b Dc-cÖKímg~n n‡”Q `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni wbg©vY I Dbœqb, AvkÖq †K›`ª eivei ms‡hvM moK Dbœqb Ges ‡Kjøv wbg©vY| GmAviwcGd-Gi eY©bvbyhvqx, we`¨gvb AvkÖq †K›`ª mg~‡ni cybe©vmb I Dbœq‡bi Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv cÖKvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ weiƒc mvgvwRK cÖfve co‡e bv| Z‡e we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wji Avbyf~wgK m¤úªmviY Ges bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª I ms‡hvM moK wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ f~wg AwaMÖnY cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, †h Kvi‡Y RxweKvR©‡bi †¶‡Î mvgwqK I ¯’vqx weNœ NU‡Z cv‡i e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡”Q| Dcvsk ÔLÕ Gi AvIZvq Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni mvgvwRK/cybe©vmb ¯’vcb cÖfvemg~n wbiƒcY Ki‡Z n‡e BwmAviAviwc-Gi GmAviwcGd Abyhvqx| G‡Z i‡q‡Q †bwZevPK mvgvwRK cÖfve wbim‡bi j‡¶¨ h‡_vchy³ wbimb c`‡¶c Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ bxwZgvjv I wb‡`©kbv| A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ wek^e¨vs‡Ki cwiPvjb bxwZgvjv Iwc 4.12 Gi AvbyK~‡j¨ GmAviwcGd cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q| BwmAviAviwc- Gi AvIZvq Kvh©Kjvcmg~‡ni Ae¯’vb I cÖK…wZ Abyhvqx e¨vs‡Ki Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwô msµvšÍ Iwc 4.10 cÖK‡íi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki n‡ebv| GmAviwcGd G ewY©Z cybe©vmb bxwZgvjv KvVv‡gv‡Z evsjv‡`k AwaMÖnY I AwahvPb welqK A¯’vei m¤úwË AwW©b¨vÝ 1982 (1982 Gi AwW©b¨vÝ-2) mn †`‡ki AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| 29. GmAviwcGd-Gi g~j j¶¨ n‡”Q cwievi †Kw›`ªK I Kgy¨wbwU ch©v‡q f~wg AwaMÖnYRwbZ Afve AbUb I `vwi`ª Gov‡bv A_ev n«vm Kiv Ges f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi †h †Kv‡bv cÖKvi weiƒc cÖfve wbimb Kiv| 30. Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc-Gi AvIZvq G hver ev¯ÍevwqZ Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni Rb¨ f~wg AwaMÖnY cÖ‡qvRb nq wb Ges Aewkó Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni Rb¨ e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb †Kv‡bv f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi m¤¢vebv I †bB| bZzb bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n ¯^vMwZK wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni wbR¯^ cÖv½‡bB wbwg©Z n‡”Q| Z‡e mxwgZ †¶Î we‡k‡l we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›` mg~‡ni m¤úªmviY Ges bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ Hw”QK m¤úª`v‡bi gva¨‡g AwZwi³ f~wg msMÖn Kiv n‡”Q| AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi ms‡hvM moK Dbœqb Kiv n‡”Q we`¨gvb MÖvg A_ev BDwbqb mo‡Ki f~wg e¨envi K‡i| Gme mo‡Ki Rb¨ e¨eüZ f~wg ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii gvwjKvbvaxb e‡j Rvbv hvq| BDwbqb cwil` Kgy¨wbwU Awaevmx‡`i msMwVZ K‡i Ges AvkÖq †K›`ªgyLx MÖvg/BDwbqb moK eivei f~wg gvwjK‡`i‡K mo‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© †evSv‡bvi †Póv K‡i Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ wba©vwiZ moK eivei GK LÛ Rwg †Q‡o w`‡Z Aby‡iva Rvbvq| ¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUI G e¨vcv‡i GwM‡q Av‡m Ges Dc-cÖK‡íi mvejxj ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni mvgvwRK AvbyK~‡j¨i mb` cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡Kb ¯’vbxqfv‡e wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwae„›` Ges ¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwU| 31. ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni AšÍM©Z e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb f~wg gvwjKiv †Kv‡bv ai‡bi weev` m„wó K‡ib wb e‡j Rvbv hvq| †mBRb¨ AvkÖq †K›`ªgyLx ms‡hvM moKmg~n wbg©v‡Yi j‡¶¨ BDwbqb cwil` KZ©„K Bmy¨K…Z AvcwËnxb QvocÎ welqK `vßwiK wPwV‡KB ˆeacÎ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e hvi Dci wfwË K‡i AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi moKmg~n wbg©vY myôzfv‡e ev¯Íevqb Kiv n‡e| cjøx 32. GjwRBwWi m½vbyhvqx AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Gme ms‡hvM moKB n‡”Q BDwbqb moK A_ev MÖvg moK| GjwRBwW KZ©„K ev¯ÍevwqZ wek^e¨vsK A_©cyó cjøx cwienb Dbœqb cÖK‡í (AviwUAvBwc) f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb msµvšÍ welqvw` †KejB Dc‡Rjv moK wb‡q AvewZ©Z Ges MÖvg I BDwbqb ch©v‡qi moK¸‡jvi Dbœq‡b we`¨gvb Rwg e¨envi K‡i AwZwi³ e¨w³ 60 gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg e¨envi cwinvi Kiv nq| we‡kl msKURwbZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ¯’vbxq Awaevmxiv BDwbqb I MÖvg moK Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ Zv‡`i wbR¯^ †QvU †QvU LÛ Rwg m¤úª`vb K‡i _v‡K D”PZi A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi myd‡ji cÖZ¨vkvq| G RvZxq mo‡Ki Rb¨ f~wgi †ewki fvMB Lvm Rwg (miKvwi Rwg)| Gme mo‡Ki AwffveK BDwbqb cwil` Ges RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK mvaviYZ G¸‡jvi Dbœqb I i¶Yv‡e¶Y K‡i _v‡K GjwRBwW| 33. Gme MÖvg mo‡Ki i¶Yv‡e¶‡Y wVKgZ nq bv e‡j gvbyl mo‡Ki Dfq cv‡k A‰eafv‡e `Lj K‡i mo‡K i cÖ¯’ n«vm K‡i †d‡j| BDwc I GjwRBwWi D‡`¨v‡M Gme mo‡Ki Dbœq‡b ¯’vbxq †÷K†nvìvi I ˆea gvwjK‡`i m¤ú„³ Kiv nq| gvwjKiv mvaviYZ Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍvweZ moK msjMœ Zv‡`i Rwg †_‡K mvgvb¨ cwigvb Ask †Q‡o w`‡Z ivwR nb †hvMv‡hvM Dbœqb I Zv‡`i Aewkó Rwgi ¸iæZ¡ e„w×i gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq RbMY I Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i e„nËi ¯^v‡_©| 34. Pjgvb BwmAviAviwc Gi Aax‡b bZzb AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni mvBU wbe©vPb m¤úbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q AskMÖnYg~jK `ªæZ mgxÿv cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g| f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb msµvšÍ ¯Œxwbs m¤úbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Rb¨ cÖv_wgKfv‡e wbe©vwPZ mvB‡U mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcbKv‡j (GmAvBG)| cybe©vmb I Dbœqb Kg©Kv‡Ûi cÖv°v‡j we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n Av‡qvwRZ Rwic I civgk© mfv PjvKv‡j f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb msµvšÍ ¯Œxwbs m¤úbœ Kiv nq| f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb ¯Œxwbs Gi ci †`Lv hvq †h AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi Avek¨KZv †bB| we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Rb¨ f~wg AwaMÖnY, cybe©vmb I Dbœq‡biI Avek¨KZv †bB| bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wj wbwg©Z n‡”Q ¯^MwZK wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni wbR¯^ Rwg‡Z| Z‡e AZ¨šÍ bMY¨ †¶‡Î hrmvgvb¨ Rwg msMÖn Kiv nq mswkøó wk¶v cÖwZôvb KZ©„K e¨w³MZ gvwjK‡`i Hw”QK m¤úª`v‡bi gva¨‡g| Zv‡`i ¯^ZtùzZ© mg_©b e¨wZ‡i‡K bZzb AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~n wbg©‡bi Rb¨ mvBU wbe©vPb m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| RwicKvixiv bZzb I we`¨gvb AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~‡ni mvB‡U GmAvBG Rwic cwiPvjbv K‡i Ges f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb cÖfvemg~‡ni Rb¨ ¯Œxwbs dig¨vU c~iY K‡ib| RwicKv‡j RwicKvixiv bZzb AvkÖq‡K›`ª wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ f~wg cÖ`vbKvix mswkøó wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi (we‡kl K‡i wbewÜZ †emiKvix cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq, †emiKvix we`¨vjq I gv`ªvmvi †¶‡Î) Rwgi gvwjKvbvi ˆeaZv cÖ‡kœ mv¶¨cªgvb msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ wek` cÖqvm Pvjvb| Zviv †`‡Lb †h bZzb AvkÖq‡K›`ª wbg©v‡bi Rb¨ `vb Kiv †emiKvix wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi Rwg¸wji `wjj `¯Ív‡eR msMÖn Kiv LyeB KwVb| 35. ev¯Íevqb AwfÁZv †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni ms‡hvM moK wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ f~wg AwaMÖnY Avek¨K nq wb| ¯‹zj- Kvg-AvkÖq‡K›`ª eivei we`¨vgvb MÖvg I BDwbqb moK¸wji DbœqY Kiv n‡”Q AvkÖq‡K›`ª eivei cwienb I †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v mnR Kivi j‡¶¨| 36. DbœqbK…Z AvkÖq‡K›`ª ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni mydj †fv³v n‡”Q QvÎQvÎx I wk¶Ke„›` Ges ¯’vbxq RbMY| `y‡h©vMKv‡j ZvivB AvkÖq‡K‡›`ª AvkÖq MÖnY Ki‡eb mn‡R| ¯’vbxq RbMY we‡kl K‡i bvix I wkïiv, `ªæZZi hvbevnb e¨envi K‡i ¯^v¯’¨ †mev‡K‡›`ªi my‡hvM jvf Ki‡eb| DcišyÍ, AvkÖq †K›`ªg~Lx ms‡hvM moK¸wj mswkøó GjvKvmg~‡n K…wlRvZ cY¨, gvQ, Mevw` cï cvjb, BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ evRvi myweavB DbœqY ZrciZvq Ae`vb ivL‡e| 37. cÖvK…wZK `~‡hv©MKv‡j gvbyl I cïm¤ú‡`i cÖvYnvwb n«vm Kiv Ges eûg~Lx AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~‡ni AvIZvq AvkÖqcÖv_©x gvby‡li msL¨v e„w× KivB cÖKíwUi j¶¨| eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni cÖKí myweavi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q (1) N~wb©Somn †h †Kvb `~‡hv©MKv‡j cÖKí mydj †fv³v‡`i Rb¨ wbivc` AvkÖq wbwðZ Kiv, (2) eûgyLx AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~‡n Dchy³ wk ¶v cwi‡ek Ges †kÖwYK‡¶i Rb¨ ch©vß ¯’vb ivLv, (3) eûgyLx AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~‡n mvgwMÖKfv‡e DbœZ my‡hvM myweav Ges wkï‡Z vl 61 wk¶vi cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv, Ges (4) †h †Kvb `y‡h©vMKv‡j ¶wZMÖ¯Í †jvKRb Zv‡`i Mevw` cï¸wj‡K †hb wbivc` AvkÖq†K›`ª mwi‡q wb‡Z cv‡i| AwaKZi my‡hvM myweavmn bewbwg©Z ¯‹zj¸wj‡Z QvÎQvÎxi fwZ©i msL¨v e„w× cv‡e| be wbwg©Z moK¸wj DbœZ cwienb e¨e¯’v I Riæix †bUIqvK© MV‡bi mnvqK n‡e| Gi d‡j RxweKv e„w×mn Avqea©b Kvh©Kjv‡ci my‡hvM m„wó n‡e| 38. DcKzjxq A‡j cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí †_‡K D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigvb we¯Í…Z cÖfve (e¨vcK A‡_©‰bwZK) co‡e| Ny~wb©So AvkÖq ‡K›`ªmg~n wbg©vb Kiv n‡q‡Q eûgyLx e¨env‡ii Rb¨| ¯^vfvweK mg‡q AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni e¨envi cÖm‡½ GKwU 2009 wmBwRAvBGm gvV Z`šÍ †_‡K †`Lv ‡M‡Q †h, 2583 wU AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi 82% e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q wk¶v†K›`ª wn‡m‡e, 8% n‡q‡Q `ßi wn‡m‡e 1% KwgDwbwU †m›Uvi, 1% ¯^v¯’¨‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e, Ges 6% Ae¨eüZ †_‡K †M‡Q| G‡Z cÖZxqgvb nq †h, AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wj cjøx AÂjmg~‡n AeKvVv‡gv Dbœq‡bi ¯^v¶¨ enb Ki‡Q| bZzb bZzb ¯‹zj¸wj DbœZ gv‡bi my‡hvM myweavmn wk¶vqZ‡b QvÎQvÎx fwZ© DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q| bZzb moK¸wj cwienb e¨e¯’v I Riæix †hvMv‡hvM †bUIqvK© MV‡bi mnvqK n‡e| cwibv‡g Avqea©K Kvh©Kjv‡c m¤ú„³Zvi my‡hvM e„w× cv‡e Ges RxweKvi Dbœqb n‡e| 39. bMY¨ †¶Î we‡k‡l wKQz mvgvwRK msKU I SuzwK †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| †m¸wj n‡”Q (1) f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y K…wl Rwgi wejywß, (2) f~wg AwaMÖnY (cyiæl mn) DcvR©b NvUwZ m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i, (3) RxweKv nvwb, (4) AwaMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Rwgi `wjj `¯Ív‡eR msMÖ‡ni weo¤^bv, (5) Hw”QK m¤úª`vb A_ev mivmwi weµ‡qi gva¨‡g Rwg †Lvqv‡bv, (6) ¯‹zj Kvh©µ‡gi weiwZ, (7) Rb cwienb I †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vq weNœ m„wó, (8) cwi‡ekMZ weiƒc cÖfve, BZ¨vw` 40. we`¨gvb ¯‹zj, K‡jR I gv`ªvmvi Rwg I cÖv½b‡K AvkÖq‡K›`ª I ÎvY AvkÖq‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kivi welqwU evsjv‡`‡k eûg~Lx †mev cÖ`vb Gi GKwU D‡`¨M| mvaviYZ Gme wk¶v cÖwZôvb Riæix Ae¯’vq RbM‡Yi cvwb mieivn, m¨vwb‡Ukb I Avevmb myweav cÖ`v‡bi j‡¶¨ D”PZi cÖv½‡b Aew¯’Z n‡q _v‡K| †mB Rb¨ AvkÖq‡K›`ª I ÎvY †K›`ªmg~n wn‡m‡e e¨vcKfv‡e e¨eüZ ¯‹zj¸wji feb m¤úªmvwiZ n‡j Zv wkïwK‡kvi‡`i wk¶vjvf Ges `y‡h©vMKvjxb AvkÖq`v‡b AwZwi³ myweav jvf Ki‡e| 41. Gme wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi AšÍM©Z cÖv½‡bi Rwg ‡ewkifvMB miKvix Rwg Ges Rwg AcÖvwßi †¶‡Î hZ`yi m¤¢e weKí miKvix Rwg e¨envi Kiv n‡e| †Kej msKURbK cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mvB‡Ui Rb¨ e¨w³ gvwjKvbaxb Rwg msMÖn Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Hw”QK m¤úª`b, mivmwi µq (AvMÖnx †µZv I we‡µZvi wfwˇZ), Ges D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~n KZ©„K ¶wZc~iY cÖ`v‡bi wewbg‡q A_ev Ae`v‡bi gva¨‡g| G ai‡bi D‡`¨wM GgwWGmwc-Gi Aax‡b Dc cÖKímg~‡ni ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ‰bw”QK cybe©vmb e¨e¯’vq cÖ‡qvRbxqZv LyeB ¶xY| Z‡e `y‡h©vM AvkÖq‡K›`ª¸wj †h‡nZz `~‡h©vM cÖeb DcK~jxq GjvKvmg~‡ni †gŠwjK AeKvVv‡gv, †mBRb¨ wbe©vwPZ D‡`¨Mx wk¶v I mvgvwRK cÖwZôvbmg~‡n f~wgcÖvwßi Afve A_ev Hw”QK m¤úª`v‡bi welqwU cÖwZeÜKZv n‡Z cv‡I bv AvkÖq‡K›`ª wbg©v‡bi cÖ‡kœ| Zrm‡Ë¡I †kl Aej¤^b wn‡m‡e m¤¢ve¨ weKí e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡e e¨vsKi Iwc 4.12 Gi AbyK~‡j¨| 62 42. B‡Zvc~‡e© mvibx 5-5-G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n PvKgv Mv‡iv, wÎcyiv, Wvjy, gvigv, Zvb‰P½v I eg©b n‡”Q cÖavb Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwô| Ab¨vb¨ cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡ni Zzjbvq PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi I cUzqvLvjx‡Z Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwôi NbZ¡ †ewk| Gme gvby‡li ¯^Zš¿ wbR¯^ fvlv I ms¯‹…wZ i‡q‡Q, Z‡e Zviv wew¶ßfv‡e Qwo‡q wQwU‡q e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi m‡½ emevm Ki‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨KwU Dc-cÖK‡íi cÖfve Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwôi Dci K‡ZvLvwb co‡e Zv Rvbv hv‡e hLb AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ mvBU Ges mo‡Ki Ae¯’vb mbv³ I wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡e| GjwRBwW GKwU DcRvZxq Dbœqb KvVv‡gv ˆZix K‡i‡Q hv ¯’vbxq Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwôi cÖ‡kœ c×wZmg~n I bxwZgvjv Zz‡j a‡i| 43. bZzb eûgyLx `~‡h©vM AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~n wbg©v‡Yi mvBU cwiQbœ Kivi j‡¶¨ cÖKíwUi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i wKQz msL¨K miKvix cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq/ wbewÜZ †emiKvix cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq/gv`ªvmv/D”P we`¨vjq/K‡jR cÖv½‡Y Aew¯’Z we`¨gvb feb¸wj †f‡½ †djvi †h¸wj bZzb AvkÖq‡K›`ª wbg©v‡Yi ‡¶‡Î P~ovšÍfv‡e wbe©vwPZ n‡q‡Q| wKQzmsL¨K we`¨gvb AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi †¶‡ÎI Abyiƒc e¨e¯’v cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡Z cv‡i| mvB‡Ui GjvKv hw` Rb Aay¨wlZ nq AvevwmK ¯’vcbv I fMœ¯Íyc GjvKvi Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨ mvgwqK Amyweav m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| 44. AveR©bv mgm¨v QvovI wbg©vYKv‡j mvB‡U ewa©Z msL¨K ewnivMZ‡`i Dcw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y Rb¯^v‡¯’¨i ûgwK m„wó n‡Z cv‡i Ges GBP AvBwf/ GBWm mn †hŠbevwnZ †ivM Qwo‡q co‡Z cv‡i| wbg©vYKv‡j RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY Ges Awf‡hvM e¨e¯’cbvmn i¶vKePnxb mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n wbim‡bi j‡¶¨ mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’cbv cwiKíbv Avek¨K n‡e| 45. cÖKí wWRvBb G AskMÖnY Kiv Ges cÖKí cÖwµqvq mydj‡fv³v I m¤¢ve¨ ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ civgk© I AskMÖnY n‡”Q GKwU cÖwµqv| wbe©vwPZ AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~‡ni mKj ¸iæZ¡c~b© mydj †fv³vi m‡½ ch©vß civgk© Av‡qvRb Kiv Ges civg‡k©i djvdjmg~n AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni ¯‹xg wWRvB‡bi g‡a¨ AšÍ©f~w³i Avek¨KZv BGmGgGd/ wUwWGd Gi i‡q‡Q| G Avek¨KZvi AbyK~‡j¨ mvBU RwicKv‡j 5 Rb bvixmn †gvU 36 R‡bi m‡½ civgk© Kiv n‡q‡Q| `ÕywU cÖ¯ÍvweZ AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi mvBU RwicKv‡j cÖwZwU civgk© mfvq 14 †_‡K 22 Rb AskMÖnY K‡iwQ‡jv| civgk© mfvq mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ welqvw`i Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv nq| AskMÖnYKvixMY‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv nq cÖ¯ÍvweZ AvkÖq‡K›`ªmg~n wbg©vY msµvšÍ wel‡q Zv‡`i c~e© AbywgZ hveZxq D‡Ø‡Mi cÖm½ Zz‡j aivi Rb¨| cÖKí wWRvB‡b we‡ePbvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i cÖ¯Ívemg~n DÌvc‡bI Zv‡`i‡K Drmvn †`qv n‡q‡Q| GdwRwW‡Z AskMÖnYKvix ZvwjKv I Qwe cwiwkó- 2 G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 46. GdwRwW wbwðZ K‡i †h DbœqK…Z bZzb AvkÖq‡K›`ª¸wji Dcw¯’wZ ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi gv‡S wbivcËv‡eva ewa©Z n‡q‡Q, we‡kl K‡i GB Kvi‡Y †h wewfbœ ai‡bi D×z×KiYg~jK Kvh©Kjvc mswkøó ms¯’vmg~n ¯’vbxq miKvi, `~‡hv©M e¨e¯’cbvi m`m¨ I †¯^”Qv‡meK KZ©„K M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| cÖK…Zc‡¶, Gme AvkÖq‡K›`ª mv¤úªwZK Kv‡ji N~wY©So gnv‡mb-Gi mgq e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| 47. cyivZb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Dbœqb I m¤úªmviY Ges bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni wbg©v‡Yi Kvi‡Y †h‡nZz wk¶K I QvÎ-QvÎxiv hveZxq ¯‹zj myweavw` †fvM Ki‡Q, ZvB Rvbv †M‡Q †h ¯‹z‡ji QvÎ-QvÎx msL¨v cÖvq 20% e„w× †c‡q‡Q| 63 48. GdwRwW‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ 75 kZvs‡ki †ewk Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h Zv‡`i MÖv‡g A_ev cvk^©eZ©x MÖv‡g N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni wbg©vY m¤ú‡K© Zviv IqvwKenvj| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 50% e‡j‡Qb †h, bZzb AvkÖq†K›`ª wbwg©Z n‡e e‡j Zviv †R‡b‡Qb Ges 80% e‡j‡Qb †h we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wji cybtms¯‹vi n‡e| Z‡e AskMÖnYKvix‡`i AwaKvs‡kB e‡j‡Qb †h AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi msL¨v Ach©vß| GjvKvq AvkÖq†K›`ª m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vw`i cÖavb Drm wn‡m‡e ¯’vbxq Kg©KZ©vMY, wk¶K I QvÎQvÎxiv, ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii m`m¨iv Ges GbwRI KvR Ki‡Q e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q| 49. cyivZb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Dbœqb cÖm‡½ AskMÖnYKvix `yB Z…Zxqvsk wb¤œ ewY©Z Dbœq‡bi K_v D‡jøL K‡ibt Riæix cvwbi e¨e¯’v, ¯^v¯’¨ myweav Ges ms‡hvM moK wbg©vY (66%)| 50. bewbwg©Z A_ev cybe©vwmZ N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n m¤ú‡K© IqvwKenvj AskMÖnYKvix‡`i AwaKvsk (75%) e‡j‡Qb †h eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Zviv mš‘ó| Zv‡`i G m‡šÍvl wb¤œewY©Z Kvi‡Y t myMg¨Zv (75%), ch©vß myweavw` (80%), ch©vß aviY ¶gZv (64%) Ges wbivcËv (91%)| 51. we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n m¤ú‡K© IqvwKenvj nIqv m‡Z¡I †gvU AskMÖnYKvix‡`i A‡a©‡Ki †ewk Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h N~wY©So I eb¨vi mgq Zviv wbR evwo‡ZB Ae¯’vb K‡i _v‡Kb AvkÖq†K‡›`ª wfo Rgv Ges Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK Kvi‡Y| 52. GdwRwW‡Z AskMÖnYKvixiv Ges mydj†fv³viv wb¤œewY©Z cÖ¯Ívebv I mycvwikgvjv Dc¯’vcbv K‡ib we‡ePbvi Rb¨: 1. cÖZ¨šÍ Pi GjvKvmg~‡n AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi cÖKU Afve _vKvq Hme GjvKvq gvbyl I cï m¤ú‡`i AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ AvkÖq†K›`ª I †Kjøv wbg©vY Kiv `iKvi| cÖZ¨šÍ A‡j cï m¤ú‡`i Rb¨ AwaK msL¨K ewa©Z aviY ¶gZv m¤úbœ AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY Kiv `iKvi| 2. Gme AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Rb¨ eb¨v gvÎvi E‡a© ms‡hvM moK, fv‡jv †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v, my‡cq cvwbi mieivn/Drm, Av‡jvi e¨e¯’v BZ¨vw` _vKv Avek¨K| cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgq Gme myweavi wbðqZv Ges `y‡h©vM c~e©vfvmKv‡j ¯’vbxq `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv m¤ú‡K© RbMY‡K AewnZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| 3. mvBU wbe©vP‡b RbM‡Yi m¤§wZ MÖnY| AwaKZi cÖwZi¶vi ¯^v‡_© AeKvVv‡gvi ¶gZv e„w×i j‡¶¨ wKQz wKQz wWRvBb I wbg©vY cÖm‡½ cybwe©‡ePbv Kiv| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv AskMÖnYKvix D‡ØM cÖKvk K‡ib †h cÖfvekvjx gnj KZ©„K myweavw` †fv‡Mi AvksKv i‡q‡Q| 4. wWRvBb weK‡íi cÖ‡kœ cyb:ms¯‹v‡ii K_v DÌvwcZ I M„nxZ n‡jI Kvh©Z Zv (cwigvwR©Z wWRvBb) h_vh_fv‡e gwbUiK…Z I cÖwZdwjZ nq wb| d‡j weåvwšÍ I wej¤^ n‡q‡Q| 64 5. †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv GjvKvq my‡cq cvwbi msKU Zxeª| †mLvbKvi cvwb jeYv³ Ges mxwgZ msL¨K AMfxi bjK~‡ci cvwb Av‡m©wbKhy³| gvbyl cvwb e‡q Av‡b `~ieZ©x `yM©g ¯’vb †_‡K| e„wói cvwb †_‡K dmj djv‡bvi myweav Ges cÛ m¨vÛ wdëvi (wcGmGd) Ach©vß| 53. †Kv¤úvbxMÄ I j²xcy‡i Av‡qvwRZ Kgy¨wbwU mfvq AskMÖnYKvixiv Av‡jvPbvq g‡bv‡hvMx wQ‡jb Ges Zv‡`i GjvKvq cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM m¤ú‡K© D‡ØM cÖKvk K‡ib Ges GKB m‡½ Zv‡`i AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K `y‡h©vMKv‡j msKU †gvKv‡ejvi cÖ¯Ívebvmg~n Zz‡j a‡ib| 54. eûgyLx `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ¯vÍ weZ `ÕywU mvB‡U Av‡qvwRZ civgk© mfvq myjd‡fv³v AskMÖnYKvixMY KZ©„K DÌvwcZ D‡ØMmg~n wb¤œiƒc : 1. Zv‡`i ¯’vbxq GjvKvq (kvKPi ReŸvi gv÷vi Kgy¨wbwbU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq I Picve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq cÖv½‡Y cÖ¯ÍvweZ AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wji Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKvq) †Kv‡bv N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª †bB| 2. iv‡Zi †ejvq N~wY©So AwaKZi n‡q _v‡K| 3. iv‡Zi †ejvq N~wY©S‡oi mgq Av‡jvi Afve nq| 4. ‡bvqvLvjx †Rjvi †Kv¤úvbxMÄ Dc‡Rjvq Picve©Zx Iqv‡W©i Aax‡b ¯’vbvšÍwiZ †jvKR‡bi Dci AZ¨vwaK b`x fv½‡bi d‡j `~we©mn weiƒc cÖfve cÖwZdwjZ nq| 5. Zvr¶wYK ïK‡bv Lv`¨ `ª‡e¨i Afve| 6. wbR wbR M„‡n †d‡j Avmv m¤úwËi wbivcËvnxbZv| 7. †ewVK c~e©vfvm Ges N~wYSo m¤úwK©Z ¸Re| 8. wbg©vY Kv‡Ri ¸YMZ gvb gvbm¤§Z nq bv| 9. cÖv½‡Y Uq‡j‡Ui msL¨v Ach©vß| 10.wbg©vYKvR PjvKv‡j †Q‡j‡g‡q‡`i ¯‹z‡j hvIqv (Picve©Zx miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi 275 Rb QvÎx)| 55. N~wY©So AvNvZ nvbvi A‡bK Av‡MB N~wY©S‡oi mwVK mgq, ZvÛ‡ei gvÎv Ges N~wY©S‡oi ¯’vqxZ¡Kvj m¤ú‡K© RbMY‡K AewnZKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ c~e©vfvm †NvlYvi e¨e¯’v Dbœqb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi d‡j SzuwKi gy‡L wbcwZZ gvby‡li weåvwšÍ n«vm cv‡e Ges cwiYwZ‡Z ¶q¶wZ I cÖvYnvwb Kg n‡e| GjvKvq Aew¯’Z we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni aviY ¶gZv m¤úªmvwiZ Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ¯ÍvweZ N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n †mŠikw³i e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i ˆbkKvjxb `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq Av‡jvi e¨e¯’v Kiv hvq| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Ab¨vb¨ cÖ¯Íve¸wj wb‡¤œ ewY©Z n‡jv: cÖ¯ÍvweZ AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni ¯’vb ms¯’vcb ¶gZv mswkøó GjvKvi `y`©kvMÖ¯Í gvby‡li Rb¨ ch©vß n‡Z n‡e| moK †_‡K AvkÖq †K›`ªwfgy‡L ms‡hvM moK ivL‡Z n‡e| wbg©vYKvR Awej‡¤^ ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e| wbg©vY KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e ¯‹zj mg‡qi Av‡M Ges c‡i A_ev QzwUi w`‡b| AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Dc‡ii Zjvq cvwb mieivn myweavmn Uq‡jU wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e | Zvr¶wYK I ïK‡bv Lvevi Ges Kvco †Pvc‡oi e‡›`ve¯Í ivL‡Z n‡e| 65 mvgvwRK wbivcËvi Dci ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| gvbm¤úbœ Kv‡Ri Rb¨ wbg©vY e¨e¯’vcbvq ¯‹zj KZ©„c¶‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| 56. mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i (¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi cÖavb, mswkøó ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb wk¶K, BDwc IqvW© m`m¨ I BDwc †Pqvig¨vb) mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi wfwˇZ cÖKí wWRvBb m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| Kgy¨wbwU KZ©„K DÌvwcZ D‡ØMmg~n Ges cÖ¯Ívemg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K wb¤œewY©Z welq¸wj we‡ePbvq †i‡L cÖ‡KŠkj wWRvBb ‰Zix Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖK‡íi wej Ae ‡KvqvbwUwU‡Z (weIwKD) †mŠi kw³ e¨e¯’v AšÍfy©³ _vK‡e| we`¨gvb Uq‡jU¸wj †h‡¶‡Î wbPZjvq `~ieZ©x Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q, †m‡¶‡Î Dc‡ii Zjvq ch©vß cvwb mieivn myweavmn Uq‡jU wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e | mxgvbv †iwjsmn bxPZjv‡K DPz Ki‡Z n‡e | wb¤œewY©Z Dcvq Aej¤^‡b wbg©vYKvR PjvKv‡j QvÎQvÎx‡`i †kÖwYK¶ Kvh©µg I wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e: wbg©vYKvR ˆbkKv‡j I QzwUi w`‡b Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| Dci Zjvq hLb wbg©vY KvR Pj‡e, ZLb wb‡Pi Zjvq †kÖwYK‡¶ †jLvcovI Pj‡e| K¬v‡mi mgq Gwo‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mgq e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n eivei ms‡hvM moK wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| wbg©vY KvR PjvKv‡j †hme QvÎ QvÎxiv †kÖwYK‡¶ _vK‡e Zv‡`i cwi‡ek wbivcËvi welqwU cÖK‡íi cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vbv cwiKíbvq (BGgwc) AšÍf©~³ _vK‡e| 66 LÛ ÔMÕ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wbiƒcY c×wZ 57. AvBBB/BAvBG (BGgwcmn) Gi R‡b¨ cÖavb Kvh©Kjvcmg~n n‡”Q: (1) cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs (m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvemg~‡ni mbv³KiY); (2) cvwicvwk¦©K cwi‡e‡ki weeiY (‡eBR jvBb cÖwZôv Kiv hvi gva¨‡g cÖ¯ÍvweZ DccÖK‡íi cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve mg~n g~j¨vwqZ n‡e) (3) weKímg~‡ni we‡kølY (4) wbg©vY I cwiPvjb ch©vqKv‡j cÖavb Dc-cÖKí mbv³ Kiv (5) cwi‡e‡ki Dci cÖavb cÖKí Kvh©Kjvcmg~‡ni cÖfvemg~‡ni wbiƒcY, c~e©vfvm I g~j¨vqb Kiv (6) Rb civgk© Av‡qvRb Kiv (7) cwi‡ekMZ AvPiY wewa (BwmIwc) cÖYqb Kiv Ges (8) gwbUwis Pvwn`vmg~nmn wbimb c`‡¶c mg~‡ni mbv³KiY Ges we¯ÍvwiZ wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i cÖfve wfwËK cwi‡eMZ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc | 67 58.¸iæZ¡c~Y© †bwZevPK cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix cÖKímg~‡ni Kvh©KvixZv †iva Kivi j‡¶¨ GgwWGmwc A_©vqbcyó mKj Dc-cÖKí cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs Gi gy‡LvgywL n‡e| cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve n‡”Q †fŠZ, ˆRe, mvgvwRK A_ev A_©‰bwZK cwi‡e‡ki Dci cwi‡ekMZ cÖfv‡ei Zvrch© I g~j¨gv‡bi cÖv°jb I Aeavb| wb¤œ, ga¨g I D”P gvÎvi cÖfve A_ev †Kv‡bv Drcv`‡Ki m‡½ m¤ú„³ ¸iæ‡Z¡i gvÎv| cÖfv‡ei gvÎv wbf©i K‡i w¯’wZ, cÖZ¨veZ©b †hvM¨Zv, e¨vcKZv, DcKvixZv I ¸iæZ¡ BZ¨vw`i Dci| 59.cwi‡ekMZ ¯Œxwbs AvBBBGi Ask we‡kl| cwi‡ekMZ ¯Œxwbs Gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q cÖK‡íi cieZ©x wWRvB‡bi c~‡e© mswkøó msKU mg~‡ni mgvavb Kiv Ges cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n wbimb A_ev cwi‡ekMZ my‡hvM mg~n e„w× Kivi j‡¶¨ ev‡RU eivÏ wbwðZ Kiv| GjwRBwWi gvV ch©v‡qi Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx wWGm civgk©‡Ki AvevwmK cÖ‡KŠkjxi mgš^qmn cwi‡ekMZ ¯Œxwbs Av‡qvR‡bi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡eb| cwi‡ekMZ ¯Œxwbs Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf©~³ _vK‡e (1) Dc-cÖKí GjvKv Ges Zvi cwicv‡k¦©i Rixc; (2) Dc-cÖK‡íi cÖavb Kvh©vejxi mbv³KiY Ges (3) Dc-cÖK‡íi cvwicvwk¦©K GjvKvmg~‡ni cÖwZ‡ekMZ, †fŠZ-ivmvqwbK I Av_©-mvgvwRK cwi‡e‡ki Dci Gme Kvh©Kjv‡ci cÖfvemg~‡ni cÖv_wgK wbiƒcb m¤úbœ Kiv| 60. cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfvemg~n mbv³ Kivi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i AskMÖnY I civgk© cÖ‡qvRbxq| ¯Œxwbs †PKwj‡ói GKwU bgyb cwiwkó 3-G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 61. h‡_vchy³ cwi‡ek wbiƒcY (AvBBB I BAvBG Gi Ask wn‡m‡e) Gi R‡b¨ Òcwi‡ekMZ †eBRjvBbÓ Gi msÁvqb LyeB Riæix, hvi gva¨‡g wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv Dc-cÖK‡íi cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve cieZ©x ch©v‡q g~j¨vwqZ n‡e| Òcwi‡ekMZ †eBRjvBb Gi ˆewkó¨ mg~n wbf©i Ki‡e: Dc-cÖKí Ae¯’vb I cÖK…wZi Dci, Dc-cÖK‡íi cÖK…wZ/cwimi Ges Zvi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfv‡ei Dci, cwi‡ekMZ wbiƒc‡Yi gvÎvi (†hgb, ¯Œxwbs ebvg cy‡iv `¯‘i BAvBG) Gi Dci| 62. `„óvšÍ ¯^iƒc, GgwWGmwc Gi AIZvq Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †eBRjvBb `„k¨cU eY©bvq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwigvÎv n‡”Q e„¶/Dw™¢` KZ©b, cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb, ¶wZKi evqyi gvb, a~jvevwj Ges k‡ãi gvÎv| KviY Gme cwigvÎv †_‡K cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc RwbZ cÖfve m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| 63.†eBRjvBb weeiY msMÖ‡ni Kv‡R GjvKvi we`¨gvb I cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dbœqb ZrciZv we‡ePbv Kiv Avek¨K| †eBRjvBb cwiw¯’wZ eY©bvi Rb¨ gvV cwi`k©‡bi wfwˇZ cÖv_wgK I wØZxq ¯Í‡ii m~Î †_‡K †eBRjvBb DcvË msMÖn Kiv Avek¨K| cwi‡ekMZ †eBRjvB‡bi g‡a¨ Dbœqb ZrciZv KZ©„K ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡I Ggb ai‡Yi cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZ I cÖeYZv msµvšÍ Z‡_¨ msMÖn I e¨vLv cÖ`vb AšÍf©~³ _vKv Avek¨K| 64.†eBRjvBb weeiY msjMœ GjvKvi eZ©gvb Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae¯’v, wbe©vwPZ m~PKmg~‡ni †fŠZ cwi‡ek Ges cª¯ÍvweZ Dbœq‡bi we‡ePbvq m¤úbœ Ki‡Z hv‡Z K‡i µg mwÂZ cÖfve mg~n wbiƒcb Kiv m¤¢e nq| gvV cwi`k©b msµvšÍ †eBRjvBb DcvË wØZxq m~Î (civgk©K GdAviB) Ges Rb civgk© (GdwRwW) †_‡K msMÖn Kiv Avek¨K †eBRjvBb cwiw¯’wZ eY©bv Kivi j‡¶¨| ¸i”Z¡c~Y© ˆewkó¨/cwigvÎv mbv³ Kiv Ges Dc-cÖKí wfwËK cwi‡ek †eBRjvBb msµvšÍ DcvË msMÖ‡ni j‡¶¨ wb¤œewY©Z aviv¸wj wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| 68 65 Rjevqy : ZvcgvÎv, e„wócvZ, Av`ª©Zv, evqyi MwZ‡eM I MwZc_, evqyi ¸YMZ gvb BZ¨vw`| f~ZZ¡ I f~wg/g„wËKvi cÖK…wZ kã I a~wj KYv eb¨v I †Wª‡bR : hw` cÖK‡íi Pvicv‡k¦© b`x AvewZ©Z _v‡K hv eb¨vi Rb¨ SyuwKc~Y© Ges hLb ¯^vfvweK eb¨v nq ZLb cøvweZ nq| 66. cÖKvkbv m~Î I Rb civgk© DfqB n‡Z Z_¨ AvniY Ki‡Z n‡e| D‡jøL¨ hw` Dc-cÖKí msiw¶Z GjvKv A_ev HwZn¨c~Y© GjvKvi g‡a¨ c‡o| 67. : cvwbi AšÍM©Z ¸YMZ gvb †eBRjvBb Dcv‡Ëi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb| b`xi cvwbi m‡e©v”P e¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y ﮋ †gŠmy‡g ch©vß cvwbi cÖvc¨Zv wbiƒcb †eBRjvBb DcvË msMÖ‡ni Ask| mvaviY `„k¨ f~cwi¯’ cvwb we‡kl K‡i b`xi cvwb‡Z jeYv³Zv Ges bjK~‡ci Øviv AMfxi ¯Íi n‡Z f~Mf©¯’ cvwb D‡Ëvj‡b Av‡m©wbK `~l‡Yi Z_¨ cvIqv hvq| 68. grm¨ m¤ú` : cÖKí msjMœ b`x AeevwnKvq wbg©vY eR©¨ MÖnY I AcmviY grm¨ wkKv‡ii weNœ NUv‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡bB cÖKí GjvKvi PZy©cv‡k¦©i grm¨ wkKvix‡`I aiY I msL¨v wbiƒc‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb| 69. †h †Kv‡bv Dw™¢` I cÖvwY ¸iæZ¡c~Y© hv ¯’jR Dw™¢‡` (eb) AšÍf©~³ we‡kl K‡i †Kv‡bv msKUvcbœ cÖRvwZ, ms‡e`bkxj wbevm I evwYwR¨K ¸i”‡Z¡i cÖRvwZ, ¯’jR cÖvwY (ms‡e`bkxj wbevm/eb¨cï I DcK~jxq m¤ú`)| 70. e„¶ : cÖ¯ÍvweZ AvkÖq†K›`ª mvBUmg~‡n weivwRZ e„¶mg~n I Dw™¢‡`I msL¨v I cÖRvwZi Z_¨vw` _vK‡Z n‡e| AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©v‡Yi Kvi‡Y KZ©xZ e„¶mg~‡ni msL¨v I cÖRvwZi Z_¨vw`i D‡jøwLZ n‡e| 71 : eb¨v cÖwZ‡iva‡Ki wbðqZv jv‡f HwZnvwmK RjweÁvb m¤úwK©Z DcvË ch©‡e¶‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q hw` †Kv‡bv b`x cÖK‡íi PZ©ycv‡k¦© AvewZ©Z _v‡K hv eb¨vi Rb¨ SzuwKi m¤§yLxb nq| mvB‡Ui mgZv/fiv‡Ui wfZ gvÎv 50 eQ‡ii cÖKí eb¨vgvÎvi Av`wk©K gvÎv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| AvkÖq†K›`ª mvB‡Ui wfZ‡i I PZz_©cv‡k¦©i †Wª‡bR Ae¯’v cq: cÖYvjx ev b`x e¨e¯’vi mv‡_ ms‡hvM e¨e¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| 72. : 2007 mv‡j wmWi G m¤ú‡`i ¶wZ Avevmb w¯’Zve¯’v I wk¶v, †ckvwfwËK DcvR©b wefvRb, evwl©K Avq I †RÛvi Bmy¨‡Z mydj†fv³v RbMY AšÍf~©³ n‡e| GUv msKwjZ n‡e GmAviAvBG wi‡cvU© n‡Z I AvswkKfv‡e GdwRwWÕi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi mvi-ms‡¶c n‡Z| 73. : Z_¨ Avni‡Y AšÍf©~³ _vK‡Z n‡e AeKvVv‡gv myweavw` mg~n †hgb cvwb mieivn, we`y¨r Drm BZ¨vw` , cwienb †hgb mo‡Ki aiY, †bUIqvK© I myMg BZ¨vw`; KzwUi wkí I ch©Ub myweavw` mg~n| 74. : cÖavb km¨ djb e„w×, k‡m¨i aiY, km¨ Drcv`b gvÎv I f~wg e¨envi bgybvi msw¶ß eY©bv| 75. we‡kølY Gi cÖavb j¶¨ n‡”Q GKwU wbw`©ó Dc-cÖK‡íi R‡b¨ Ae¯’vb/wWRvBb/KvwiMix w`K‡K wPwýZ Kiv hv me©wb¤œ weiƒc cÖfve m„wó I BwZevPK cÖfve e„w× Ki‡e| 76. cÖK‡íi weKí ZLbB MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e hLb cÖKí GjvKvi cÖfvemgy‡ni cwi‡ek Dcvskmg~n I cÖm½vw`I cwieZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q Ges hw` AvkÖq†K›`ª I ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni wbg©vY A_ev cybe©vm‡bi KvwiMix I wbg©vY mvgMÖxi wbe©vP‡bi mv‡_ weKí Dc‡hvMx KiY aviY ¶gZvi e¨vcK cv_©K¨ _v‡K| cÖK‡íi AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY A_ev k~b¨ g‡bvbq‡b cÖ_g weKí 69 Í `i †bIqv nq bv| k~b¨ weK¬c cwiw¯’wZ‡K AwaKZi Lvivc K‡i Zz‡j GRb¨B †h, Zv `y‡h©vMKvjxY I `y‡h©v‡MvËi ¶wZ MÖ¯‡ Rxeb I RxweKvi euvPv I i¶vq †Kvb Kvh©Kjvc K‡i bv| †mR‡b¨B GB weK¬c we‡eP¨ nq bv| 77.wØZxq weKí n‡”Q we`¨gvb cÖv_wgK ¯‹zjmg~‡ni g‡a¨ AwaKvsk wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY A_ev cybe©vmb Kiv| wk¶v cÖwZôvb wfwËK AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©v‡Y GUv weRwoZ K‡i| †m Kvi‡YB N~wY©So AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi mvBU mg~‡ni wbe©vP‡b Dchy³ c×wZ‡Z KwZcq gvb`Û I wWRvB‡b AšÍf©~³ cwi‡ekMZ gvÎv g‡bvbqb‡K AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb Kiv nq: 1. AvkÖq †K›`ª ¯’vb wbe©vP‡b GjvKvi ¯’vbxq †÷K †nvìviMY I MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³e‡M©i mv‡_ ¯’vbxq miKvwi A½ ms¯’v (BDwc/We-y¨wm)Õi mv‡_ avivevwnK civgk© mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. Ávb I AwfÁZv Avgš¿Y Ges RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨vkv cÖwZdj‡bi Rb¨ civg‡k©i cÖ‡qvRb mgx¶v †hgb †fŠZ Ae¯’vb, Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae¯’v, †hvMv‡hvM I cwi‡ek BZ¨vw` wb‡Z n‡e| 78.¯‹zj wbe©vP‡bi ci we`¨gvb ¯‹zj¸wj †_‡K cÖvß Rwg I wWRvB‡bi wfwˇZ AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni wWRvBb I AvK…wZi Rb¨ 5wU weKí _vK‡e| G mgšÍ weKí e¨e¯’v BwmAviAviwc‡Z we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q Ges GgwWGmwc Gi Rb¨ Aej¤^b Kiv n‡e| weKí wWRvBb¸wj cwiwkó 4-G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 79. cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve wbiƒc‡Y, wbg©vY I cwiPvjb ch©vq Kv‡j cÖavb cÖavb Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc wPwýZ Kiv LyeB ¸i”Z¡c~Y©| `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vYKvjxb wPwýZ cÖavb cÖavb Kvh©Kjvc¸wj bx‡P ewY©Z n‡jv: 3. mvBU wbe©vPb moK msjMœ bZzb `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ª/¯‹zj feb wbwg©Z n‡Z n‡e we`¨gvb ¯‹z‡ji GKB RvqMvq, †h¸wj ev¯Íevqb ch©v‡q Kv‡j wPwýZ Kiv n‡e| GB wbg©vY Kv‡R †Kv‡bv Rwg AwaMÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o bv| 4. mvgMÖx I miÄvgvw` msMÖn Ges kÖwgK wkwei cÖwZôv| 5. wfZ Lb‡bi KvR| 6. cvwb AcmviY 7. gReyZ KiY, dzwUs A_ev dvBj K¨v‡ci Rb¨ Kswµ‡Ui XvjvB 8. dg© IqvK©, AwaKZi kw³kvjx KiY, g~j ¯’vcbvi Rb¨ Kswµ‡Ui XvjvB, weg, Kjvg I ¯-ve| 9. cybe©vmb/wbg©vY KvVv‡gv 10. mgvcbx KvR †hgb †`Iqvj cvwU©kb, i‡Oi KvR, ˆe`y¨wZK KvR BZ¨vw` AšÍfy©³| 11. mvBU cwi”Qbœ I mKj wbg©vY e‡R©¨i AcmviY e¨e¯’v| 80. Dc-cÖKí Kvh©vejxi wPwýZKi‡Yi ci cieZ©x c`‡¶c n‡jv AvBBB/BAvBG †K †eBRjvBb cwi‡ek Kvh©vejxi cÖfvemg~‡ni wbiƒcb I c~e©vfv‡m hy³ Kiv| eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©v‡Y cÖKí‡K wewfbœ ch©v‡q cwi‡ekMZ Bmy¨i m‡½ Rwo‡q co‡Z nq| mvaviYZ wbg©vY Kg©KvÛ‡K wfwË K‡i cwi‡ekMZ Bmy¨¸wj ‡R‡M DV‡e| 1. f~-Mf©¯’ cvwb `~lY 2. evqy `~lY 3. fv½b 70 4. kã `~lY 5. cÖvK…wZK e¨e¯’vi weNœZv 6. MvQ cvjv I Dw™¢‡`i ¶q-¶wZ 81. cÖfve mg~n‡K cÖvK-wbg©vY, wbg©vY I cwiPvjb Ges i¶Yv‡e¶Y ch©v‡q Dc-fv‡M fvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| bx‡Pi †mKkbmg~‡n Dc-cÖKí Kvh©vejx‡Z wewfbœ ch©v‡q cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve mg~n ewY©Z n‡jv| 82 : we`¨gvb cÖwZôvbmg~n wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb ai‡Yi Rwg AwaMÖnY A_ev †Kv‡bv K…wl Rwgi ¶wZi cÖ‡qvRb c‡obv| wWRvBb Kvjxb mgq h‡_vchy³ Rwgi wPwýZKi‡Y weKí g‡bvbq‡bi Abym×vb Aek¨B Ki‡Z n‡e hv K…wl Drcv`‡b g„`y cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| 83. : kÖwgK wkwe‡ii Rb¨ Abychy³ mvBU wbe©vPb cwi‡ek‡K ¶wZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i| cwiwkó 5-G BwmIwci we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv ‡`qv n‡jv| 84. : kÖwgK wkwei n‡Z cwiZ¨vMK…Z wbg©vY eR©¨ A_ev eR©¨ mgyn mwbœKU¯’ Rjvavi‡K `~wlZ K‡i _v‡K| 85 : †mcwUK U¨v¼ I †kvlK K~c f~-Mf©¯’ cvwbi ¯Íi ch©šÍ †cŠQvq hv cvwb `~l‡bi gva¨g wnmv‡e KvR K‡i Ges cvwb evwnZ †iv‡Mi I KviY n‡Z cv‡i| 86. : e„nr GjvKv Ry‡o wbg©vY Kg©Kv‡Û wbhy³ hvbevnb PjvPj, wbg©vY miÄvgvw`i cwiPvjbv I †Rbv‡iUi e¨envi evqy `~l‡Yi KviY n‡Z cv‡i| 87. : mvgwqK †Wª‡bR I Rjv e×Zv cÖvqkB N‡U †Wª‡bR cvwbi ¯^vfvweK cÖevn wewNœZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y| G welœZvi m„wó nq wbg©vY mvgMÖxi gRyZ, LbbK…Z mvgMÖx/gvwUi ¯ÍÍyc Kg© GjvKv‡K ﯋ ivLvi Rb¨ mvgwqKfv‡e wbwg©Z euv‡ai Kvi‡Y| GQvov Abychy³ ¯’v‡b AveR©bv †djv ¯^vfvweK †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’vq cÖfve †d‡j| 88. wbg©vY mvB‡U f~wg fv½b e„w× cvq mvBU †_‡K Awe‡ewPZfv‡e Nvm I Nv‡mi Pvcov Zz‡j †djv Ges ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i msnZ KiY bv K‡I mvB‡Ui Dci gvwUi ¯‘c M‡o †Zvjvi Kvi‡Y| 89. : wbg©vY Kv‡j e¨eüZ fvix hš¿cvwZ †_‡K, we‡kl K‡i cvBwjs Gi Kv‡Ri mgq Ges hvb PjvPj wbg©vY miÄvgvw`i cwiPvjb I †Rbv‡iUi Pjvi Kvi‡Y G RvZxq cÖfve m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| 90. : AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©vY GjvKvi we`¨gvb cÖwZ‡e‡ki Dci Ges cÖvK…wZK e¨e¯’vq weNœ m„wó K‡i _v‡K| wkqvj, †LKwkqvj, mvc, e¨vO BZ¨vw`i g‡Zv eb¨cÖvYx‡`i ¯’vb †Q‡o P‡j †h‡Z nq| 91. : feb wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ mvBU cwi”Qbœ ivLvi j‡¶¨ MvQ KvUvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| RxešÍ Dw™¢‡`i ¶wZ nq| Rjvkq mg~n KL‡bv KL‡bv fivU Kiv nq, hvi d‡j RjgMœ Dw™¢‡`i ¶wZ nq| 92. : cÖK…wZi cÖv_wgK wbiƒcb Ges cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖK‡íi gvÎv cÖK‡íi Ae¯’v‡bi wbiƒc‡b (gvV cwi`k©‡bi wfwˇZ) GUv cÖZxqgvb nq †h cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖKí mg~‡ni †ewkifvM †¶‡Î cÖwZ‡ekMZ cÖfve †Zgb cÖKU n‡e bv| Z‡e cÖwZ‡ekMZ cÖfve AvewZ©Z n‡e : 1. Dw™¢‡`i Dci cÖfve (RjR I ¯’jR) 2. cÖvwYi Dci cÖfve (RjR I ¯’jR) grm¨ mn; 93. : wbg©vY KvR PjvKv‡j kÖwgK I QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËvi welqwU we‡ePbv ivL‡Z n‡e| wVKv`vi Aek¨B kÖwgK‡`i mieivn Ki‡eb ‡nj‡gU, nvZ †gvRv Ges I‡qwìs Gi Kv‡Ri mgq 71 P¶zi¶Yg~jK miÄvg| mvB‡U me©¶Y cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi misRvg gRyZ ivL‡Z n‡e| cwi‡ekMZ AvPiYwewa I e¨e¯’vcbvi wbix‡L QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i Rb¨ a~wjKbv, kã, iW I evjy †_‡K wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| 94. : A‡bKU Dc-cÖKí mg~‡n ch©vß cwigvY wbg©vY ivwek (†hgb, we`¨gvb ¯’vcbvi fMœve‡kl) wewfbœ ai‡Yi Dc-cÖK‡í Kvh©Kjvc †_‡K m„wó nq| kÖwgK‡`i QvDbx †_‡K KwVb eR©¨I Drcbœ n‡e, we‡kl K‡i kÖgNb Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni †¶‡Î| wbg©vY AveR©bv I KwVb e‡R©¨i Awe‡ewPZ e¨e¯’vcbv †_‡K †Wª‡bR jvBb/c‡_i e×Zv Ges cwi‡ek `~lY n‡Z cv‡i| 95. : Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc †_‡K D™¢~Z m¤¢ve¨ Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve mg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q : DcvR©bnvbx I AcmviY, UªvwdK RU, DcwifvM gvwUi Dci cÖfve ¯^v¯’¨i wbivcËv, cÖZœZvwË¡K/HwZnvwmK mvBU/ †fŠZ I mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú‡`i Dci Ges Kg©ms¯’vb I evwYwR¨K ZrciZvi Dci cÖfve| 96. Rjve×Zv : Awe‡ewPZ cwiKíbv Ges ÷g© IqvUvi wbg©v‡Yi d‡j †Wª‡bR e×Zv/Rjve×Zv m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| Gi d‡j evRv‡i evwYwR¨K ZrciZv wewNœZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges Rb ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwKi m¤§yLxb n‡Z cv‡i| ¶wZKi cÖfve evRvi GjvKvq cvKv iv¯Ívq co‡Z cv‡i| 97. †mevg~jK Kvh©Kjv‡ci Dci AwZwi³ Pvc : bZzb N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©v‡Y we‡kl K‡i eû Zjv wewkó AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi †¶‡Î, we`¨gvb †mevg~jK Kvh©Kjvc †hgb, cvwb mieivn, cq:wb¯‹vkb, we`y¨r, M¨vm, †Uwj‡dvb I †ivW †bUIqv‡K©i Dci AwZwi³ Pvc co‡Z cv‡i| 98. cwi‡ekMZ †mevwfwËK Pvwn`vi I i¶Yv‡e¶Y cwi‡ekMZ †mev wfwËK Pvwn`vi I GÛ Gg Gi Afve cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ LyeB weiw³Ki Ges †m¸wji AcÖvc¨Zv cwi‡ek bó K‡i _v‡K| †mevi Rb¨ wbqwgZ wfwˇZ †mev`vbKvix (‡hgb Svo– `vi) wb‡qvM cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| 99. m¤ú‡`i gvÎvwZwi³ e¨envi : AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ f~wg, mvgMÖx (cÖvK…wZK ebvÂj †_‡K msM„wnZ weij cÖRvwZi KvV) Ges cvwb m¤ú` Acivci AvMÖnx e¨enviKvx‡`i Rb¨ msKU m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| 100. R¡vjvbxi gvÎvwZwi³ e¨envi : cÖK‡íi N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©v‡Y eû †jv‡Ki my‡hvM m„wó K‡i Ges cwiYv‡g we`y¨r I we`y¨r Gi Pvwn`v e„w× K‡i| 101. e¨enviKvix‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I Kj¨vY : KL‡bv KL‡bv AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni evwm›`v‡`i ¯^v¯’¨Ki I Avivg`vqK e¨e¯’vi h_vh_fv‡e wWRvBb Kiv nq bv, hvi d‡j eûZj fe‡bi wfZ‡i ew¯Íi †P‡qI Lvivc Ae¯’vi m„wó nq| †bvsiv R‡ji Dchy³ †Wª‡bR Ges AvkÖq†K‡›`ª wbM©gb I ewn©Mg‡bi h‡_vchy³ wWRvBb I wbivc` Aek¨B n‡Z n‡e| 102. GjwRBwW `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Ae¯’vb KZ©„K mbv³ Kiv n‡e ¯’vbxq Awaevmx I wba©vwiZ mydj †fv³v‡`i m‡½ civg‡k©i †cÖw¶‡Z| GKwU Dc-cÖKí evQvB‡qi ci ¯’vbxq wfwËK cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs n‡e Dc-cÖKí cwiKíbvi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| Dc- cÖKí msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i AMÖvwaKvi Ges Kv‡Ri cwimi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ Kgy¨wbwU mfv Av‡qvR‡bi cÖ¯Íve †`qv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr civgk© n‡”Q GKwU Pjgvb cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g ¶wZKi cÖfve m¤ú‡K© RbgZ Kvgbv Kiv nq| cÖK‡íi cwiKíbv, wWRvBb, wbg©vY I cwiPvj‡b mKj †÷K†nvìvi‡`i cÖqvm mshy³ Kivi j‡¶¨ Rb 72 civgk© mvaviY A‡_©B GKwU Pjgvb cÖwµqv| civgk© I Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii j¶¨ n‡”Q mgqg‡Zv †÷K †nvìvii‡K, we‡kl K‡i Dc-cÖK‡íi ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i‡K Dc-cÖKí m¤ú‡K© Z_© cÖ`vb K‡i Rb m‡PZbZv m„wó Kiv Ges cÖK‡íi wewfbœ welq m¤ú‡K© AwfgZ I D‡ØM cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ †÷K†nvìvi‡`i my‡hvM cÖ`vb Kiv| †÷K †nvìvi‡`i AwfgZ I civgk© Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni Kvh©Ki cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ h_v_© wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| e¨w³, †Mvwô I msMVbmg~‡ni g‡a¨, hviv Dc-cÖKí KZ©„K ¶wZMÖ¯Í A_ev ¶wZ mvab Ki‡Z cv‡i, mg‡SvZvi cwigÛj m„wó‡Z wm×všÍMÖn‡Y G D‡`¨vM mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| AvBBBG/BAvBGÕi Ask wn‡m‡e GKwU Kvh©Ki Rb civgk© Ges Z_¨ AwaKvi cwiKíbv (wcwmGAvBwc) MVb Kiv Avek¨K| wcwm-Gi wbw`©ó j¶¨mg~n n‡”Q : 1. Dc-cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi wewfbœ ¯Íi m¤ú‡K© †÷K †nvìvi‡`i Z_¨ Ávcb Kiv, 2. cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK DrKÚv/cÖfve wb¯úwË Ki‡Y †÷K †nvìvi‡`i AwfgZ/civgk© we‡ePbv mv‡c‡¶ wbimbg~jK c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv, 3. Dc-cÖK‡íi Rb¨ e¨vcK ¯’vbxq mnvqZv MVb I cÖvgvY¨KiY 4. AvMÖnx cvwU©‡`i gv‡S †hvMv‡hvM i¶v I DbœwZ Kiv, I 5. AvbyôvwbK Awf‡hvM `vwLj/wm×všÍ †KŠkj cÖwZôv Kiv, 6. weMZ eQi¸‡jv‡Z msNwUZ N~wY©So, eb¨v, R‡jv”Qvm m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv Ges Dc‡i ewY©Z `y‡h©vM¸wji m¤úwK©Z Bmy¨ I †m¸wji mgm¨vmg~‡ni cÖvgvY¨ Kiv; 7. cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejvq Zv‡`i ev¯Íe AwfÁZv eY©bv Kiv, Zv‡`i civgk©¸wji Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv Ges `y‡h©vM m¤^‡Ü ¯’vbxq aviYv cÖ`vb, 8. AMÖvwaKvi wfwËK wbwg©Ze¨ eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n (eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni ¯’vb I AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n msKzwjZ gvby‡li msL¨v)| 103. Dc-cÖKí cÖ¯‘wZ ce©Kvjxb AvBBB/BAvBG mgx¶v cwiPvjbv Kv‡j we¯Í…Z Av‡jvPbvi Av‡qvRb Kiv DwPZ| GB ai‡Yi avivevwnK Av‡jvPbv cÖK‡íi wWRvBb I ev¯Íevqb ch©vqKvjxb KvR‡K AviI wbwðZ Ki‡e| BGgwc-i wewae× KiY mgq Dc-cÖKí wbe©vP‡b cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs I wbiƒc‡bi hrmvgvb¨ cÖ‡Póv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| mgMÖ cÖKí †gqv`Kv‡j 73 GKwU e¨vcK wfwËK KvVv‡gvi R‡b¨ Kvh©Ki wdWe¨vK †KŠkjmn Z_¨ cÖKvk DbœwZ I ev¯Íevq‡b mK‡ji Ask MÖnYg~jK Av‡jvPbvi `iKvi| 104. CwáZ j¶¨mg~n wgUv‡bvi Ask MÖnYg~jK I civgk©g~jK Kg©m~Pxi m¤ú„³KiY GKwU ¸i”Z¡c~Y© Dcv`vb| cÖK‡íi mgq I mxgve×Zvi ¸i”Z¡ we‡ePbvq djcÖmy Ask MÖnY I civgk© Ki‡Y wb¤œ wjwLZ c×wZ mg~n AbymiY Kiv Avek¨K : 1. cÖK‡íi wewfbœ ch©v‡q †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Z_¨ we¯Ívi I Z_¨ wewbgq c×wZ‡Z e¨w³ ch©vq †hvMv‡hvM cÖKí m¤úwK©Z m‡PZbZvi Kv‡R jvMv‡bv Kvh©Kix nq| 2. e¨w³MZ ¯‹x‡gi gva¨‡g Z‡_¨i cwigvbMZ I ¸YMZ Z_¨ msMÖn c×wZ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| 3. Avmbœ cÖK‡íi wewfbœ BwZevPK I †bwZevPK cÖfve m¤úwK©Z gZvgZ Pvwn`v, AMÖvwaKvi we‡ePbv †dvKvm MÖ ”c Av‡jvPbv (GdwRwWÕi) wewfbœ Dcvsk cÖK‡íi ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi m‡PZbZv e„w× Ki‡e| 4. cÖKí GjvKvi AwfÁZv m¤úbœ I eq¯‹ †jv‡Ki `xN© AwfÁZv I Ávb I wfwËK gZvgZ I civg‡k©i Øviv gyL¨ mgx¶v cwiPvwjZ n‡e| 5. ¯’vbxq MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³, Rb cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix e¨w³eM©, Kg©KZ©vMY I GbwRI †jv‡K‡`i Zv‡`i AwR©Z ev¯—e AwfÁZv ¯’vbxq cÖ‡qvRb I Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK Zv‡`i gZvgZ, civgk© Ges ¶wZMª¯Í †jv‡K‡`i ¯‹x‡gi msKUvc~Y© Ae¯’v‡b Áv‡bi AwfÁZv †jv‡K, weiƒc cÖfve wbim‡b GB nU¯úU civgk© cwiPvwjZ n‡e| 6. wewfbœ ai‡Yi cÖwZwbwaZ¡g~jK †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i AskMÖn‡Y AskMÖnYg~jK Kg©kvjv cwiPvwjZ nIqv DwPZ| 105. †÷K‡nvìv‡ii cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix wewfbœ †ckvwfwËK †kÖbx †hgb, K…wl, grm¨, QvÎ, wk¶K, e¨emvqx e¨w³, wk¶K, m¤úª`v‡qi `wi`ª †jv‡Kiv, M„nxKÎx, bvix†Mvwô, Aiw¶Z †Mvwô, GbwRI, wmweI GjwRBwW, ¯’vbxq miKvi, Dbœqb ms¯’v, Dbœqb mn‡hvMx †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbvq _vKv DwPZ| GdwRwW Ask MÖnYKvix‡`i msL¨v 15 †_‡K 30 R‡bi g‡a¨ nIqv DwPZ| 106. cwi‡ek we‡klÁMY cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx mgš^qKvix‡`i ch©‡e¶Y I †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡e| †÷K‡nvìvi I cÖ‡KŠkjx‡`i m‡½ Av‡jvPbv I mgš^‡qi gva¨‡g we‡klÁMY GdwRwW Av‡qvRb Ki‡e| Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjx, gvV evwm›`v cÖ‡KŠkjx I Ab¨vb¨ gvVKg©x‡`i gvV Kg©, mvBU cwi`k©b Ges miKvwi civgk©K‡`i mfvi mv‡_ GjwRBwW we‡klÁMY cvi¯úvwiK mjv civgk© I mgš^q Ki‡e| 107. civgk© n‡”Q GKwU wØgvwÎK cÖwµqv w`‡q cwiKíbv ch©vqKv‡j hLb KvwiMix wWRvBb Dbœqb Kiv nq ZLb mswkøó †÷K †nvìvi‡`i AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kiv nq Ges cÖKí wWRvBb cÖv_wgK mydj †fv³vMY I m¤¢ve¨ ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i g‡a¨ wewbgq Kiv nq| civgk© cÖwµqv‡K Kvh©Ki I djcÖmy Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ ai‡Yi cÖ‡qvM I c×wZ (‡hgb, Rbmfv, AvbyôvwbK `jMZ Av‡jvPbv, wbweo mv¶vrKvi I K‡_vcK_b BZ¨vw`) mswkøó †÷K †nvìvi‡`i Rb¨ Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡e civgk© wb‡`©wkKv Aej¤^‡b| 108. civg‡k©i djvdj n‡”Q (1) mswkøó †÷K†nvìvi‡`i cÖKí wWRvBb m¤ú‡K© fvj Z_¨ m¤^wjZ n‡Z n‡e (2) msM„wnZ wewfbœ `y‡h©©vM m¤ú‡K© †÷K †nvìvi‡`i aviYv I Ávb _vK‡Z n‡e, (3) †m¸wji mgm¨vmg~‡ni I Bmy¨¸wji bw_KiY Ki‡Z n‡e, (4) `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejvq ¶wZMÖ¯Í †jv‡K‡`i ¯’vbxq †jvKR †KŠkjvw` m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e (5) cÖKí wWRvB‡bi DbœwZi R‡b¨ civgk© Ask MÖnYKvixZvi g‡a¨ m„ó gvwjKvbv †PZbv‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e (6) eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ª mg~‡ni djcÖmy I e¨env‡ivc‡hvMx wbg©vY AvkÖq †K›`ª e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi `¶Zv I m¶gZv Øviv m„ó n‡Z n‡e| 74 109. eûgyLx `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni wWRvBb, AvK…wZ I Ae¯’vb wbe©vP‡b wbiƒc‡bi djvdjmg~n PyovšÍ Dcv`vb| (mviYx 7-1) mviYx 7-1 : Kgy¨wbwU civg‡k©i mvivsk eY©bv/we‡klÁ we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY gyL¨ AšÍ©`„wói †¶Î `y‡h©vMmg~‡ni aviYv I mgKvjxb `y‡h©vM (wmWi I AvBjv)Õi eQie¨vcx `y‡h©vMmg~‡ni Ávb : mgm¨vmg~n I NUbv I aŸsmh‡Ái e¨vcKZv I ¶q¶wZi cÖfvemg~‡ni eY©bv Bmy¨mg~n Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv N~wY©So wmWi I AvBjv †gvKv‡ejvq M„nxZ †jvKR I ¯’vbxq wmWi I AvBjv e¨e¯’vw`i cÖvgvY¨ KiY| †gvKv‡ejv Ges ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i mnbkxjZv| Dchy³ eûgyLx AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni Ae¯’vb, `y‡h©vM cÖeY GjvKvq Rb Aay¨wlZ dj cÖ`K AvkÖq †K›`ª wbg©vY c~Y© MÖvg, `y‡h©vM MÖ¯— Aiw¶Z Rbmgwó, we`¨gvb moK †bU AvkÖq †K›`ª IqvK©/cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨, AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi ms‡hvM mo‡Ki mg~n wbg©vY/DbœwZi Pvwn`v, mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n (BwZevPK I †bwZevPK) Ges mvgvwRK I cwi‡ek i¶vKeP AvbyK~j¨ n‡Z n‡e| cÖK‡íi cÖfve m¤^wÜq I Gi Kvw•LZ mydj Rb cÖZ¨vkv e¨e¯’vcbvi mvnvh¨ Ki| ¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv GmGgwm I BDwcÕi Kg©V Ask MÖnYKvix‡`i ¸iæZ¡ m¤ú‡K© KwgwU Ges BDwbqb Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e mfvi Ask MÖnYKvix Ges MÖ”c cwil‡`i f~wgKv Av‡jvPbvKvix‡`i‡K| ¶wZMÖ¯Í †jv‡K‡`i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv mv‡c‡¶ ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni Dbœq‡b R‡b¨ BDwc KZ©„K Kvh©Ki `wjj, Aby‡gvw`Z mb` Ges f~wg msµvšÍ QvocÎ cÖwµqvq BDwwcÕi mv‡_ GmGgwmi mgš^q AvkÖq ‡K›`ªmg~‡ni dj`vqK e¨envi wbwðZ KiY Ges †mŠi c¨v‡bj I Zvi e¨envi cÖYvjx, cvwb mieivn I cq: wb¯‹vkb cÖf„wZi Dc‡hvwMZv I e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv| 110. mycvwikgvjv : KgywbwU civgk©K mfvq Av‡jvPbvi kZ©vw` I AšÍf©y³ welqvw` †ghb mgm¨vmg~n, Bmy¨mg~n, mswkøóZv I civgk©mg~‡ni Dci wfwË K‡i mycvwikgvjv ˆZix Kiv nq| wb¤œwjwLZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mycvwikgvjv AbywgZ n‡Z cv‡i| 1. Kgy¨wbwU civgk©K mfvq AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Dc-cÖK‡íi mvBU Gi Ae¯’v‡bi cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨Zv we‡ePbv AvkvcÖ` I wdWe¨v‡Ki Dc‡hvMx nIqv DwPZ| 2. AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni iv¯Ív n‡Z ms‡hvM moK Dbœqb Kv‡Ri AšÍf©y³ nIqv DwPZ| 3. wmwfj KvR PjvKvjxb (bZzb wbg©vY I cyb: †givgZ Ges ewa©ZKiY KvRmg~n) QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i ¯‹zj Kvh©µg weKí e¨e¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z n‡e| 4. ‡RÛvi cÖm½ I ms‡e`bkxjZvi we‡ePbvq cyiæl I †g‡q‡`i Rb¨ Uq‡jU wbwg©Z n‡Z n‡e| 5. ‡h †Kv‡bv `y‡h©vM NUbvi R‡b¨ GKwU wbw`©ó AvkÖq†K›`ª ˆZixi R‡b¨ ¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwU, BDwbqb cwil` I ¯’vbxq cÖkvm‡bi m`m¨‡`i gv‡S mg‡SvZv cwi‡ek _vKv DwPZ| 6. ‡h †Kv‡bv fwel¨r `y‡h©v‡Mi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¶wZMÖ¯Í †jv‡K‡`i AvkÖq†K›`ª I AviI Kvh©Kix wbM©gb GKwU Kvh©Kix I mgq g‡Zv `y‡h©vM c~e©vfvm e¨e¯’vq mgKvjxb `y‡h©vM, wbM©gb †NvlYvi e¨_©Zv I AvkÖq†K›`ª A_ev †h †Kv‡bv wbivc` fe‡b AvkÖq`vb m¤úwK©Z DbœZ Av‡jvPbv nIqvi `iKvi| 75 111. A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ Iwc 4.12 Ges Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvôx welqK Iwc 4.10 Gi cÖ‡qvM wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© i¶vKeP AvbyK~j¨ cÖm½ Ges mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n mbv³ Kivi Rb¨ GjwRBW cÖwZwU Dc-cÖKí mvBU (AvkÖq †K›`ª I moK) ¯Œxwbs Ki‡e| †h †¶‡Î weiƒc cÖfvemg~n cy‡ivcywi cwinvi Kiv hv‡e bv, †m‡¶‡Î GjwRBwW wb‡¤œ ewY©Z wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx Dc-cÖKí evQvB, wWRvBb I ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e: 112. cÖK‡íi mvgwMÖK D‡Ïk¨mg~n mva‡bi wbwðZKiY I RvZxq AvBbKvbyb Ges e¨vs‡Ki i¶vKeP Pvwn`v mva‡b wb¤œwjwLZ wewae× bxwZ¸wj cÖPjb A_©vqb n‡Z Dc-cÖK‡íi mvBU¸wj‡K ewn:¯‹iY Ki‡e :  A‰bw”QK f~wg AwaMÖnY Pvwn`v Ges DcRvZxq †jv‡K‡`i ¯’vbPz¨ZKiY,  ag©xq I mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ggb gmwR`, gw›`i, Kei¯’vb, k¥kvb NvU Ges Ab¨vb¨ RvqMv/D‡Ïk¨mg~‡ni ¶wZKiY  MÖæc I Kgy¨wbwUmg~‡ni mvaviY m¤ú` m¤úwËi I RxweKv ZrciZvi myweav‡hv‡M ¸iæZ¡c~Y©fv‡e euvavMÖ¯ÍKiY  DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi mvs¯‹…wZK/HwZn¨MZ Rxeb cÖYvjx‡Z Ag½jKiY, mvaviY m¤ú` m¤úwËi (ebvÂj, Rjvkq BZ¨vw`) mxwgZKiY I Rxeb hvÎv Kvh©vejx Ges Zv‡`i mvs¯‹…wZK I ag©xq ¸iæZ¡‡K (Dcvmbvjq, cvwievwiK †Mvi¯’vb BZ¨vw`i) ¶wZmvaYKiY  Kgy¨wbwU Pzw³ mvB‡Ui DciI †cuŠQv‡Z cv‡i bv Ges GmGgGd Aejw¤^Z c×wZi gva¨‡g Rwg cÖvß nq bv| 113. bZzb AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Rb¨ ev we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Avbyf~wgK m¤úªmviY A_ev we`¨gvb iv¯Ív AvkÖq†K›`ª ms‡hvM moK wn‡m‡e (Dc-cÖKí)-Gi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖv_wgKfv‡e wbe©vwPZ mvB‡Ui eR©b kZ©vejx I wbiƒc‡Yi m¤¢veZv mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs Av‡qvRb Ki‡e Dc-cÖK‡íi ˆewkó¨mg~‡ni `ªæZ wbiƒcY, mydj †fvMKvixZv, GjvKvi Av_©- mvgvwRK gvÎv I Gi cÖ”Qbœ cÖfvemg~n Ges DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi Dci SzuwKc~Y© cÖfve (mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs Gi AvKvi cwiwkó- 17 G ms‡hvwRZ Kiv n‡q‡Q)| GUv AviI wPwýZ Ki‡e AwZwi³ Rwgi Pvwn`v I H Rwg¸wj AR©‡bi c×wZmg~n| mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs-Gi djvdjmg~n wba©viY Ki‡e GKwU e¨w³MZ Dc-cÖKí mvB‡U cÖKí A_©vqb I mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒc‡Yi mwe¯ÍvwiZ Pvwn`v †hvM¨Zv Av‡Q wKbv| GKwU mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs wi‡cvU© cieZ©x cÖwµqvi Rb¨ AbymÜvb I mycvwikgvjv cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡e| Dc-cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKv‡j mvgvwRK Bmy¨i GKwU mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (GmGgwc) cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡e Ges Dc- cÖK‡íi mvgvwRK i¶vKe‡Pi we¯ÍvwiZ Kgcøv‡qÝ Bmy¨ cÖ¯‘‡Zi we‡ePbv Ki‡e| 1. wbg©vY Pzw³i ¯^v‡_© Dc-cÖK‡íi msw¶ß weeiYmn cÖKí †cÖ¶vc‡Ui c¨v‡KR : 2. Dc-cÖKí GjvKvi eY©bv, mydj †fv³v‡`i cwiwPwZ, `y‡h©vM cÖeY GjvKvq `y‡h©v‡Mi e¨vwß, Rbmgwói wgkÖY I †RÛvi we‡kølY; 3. mv¶¨ cÖgvYmn AvkÖq†K›`ª A_ev ms‡hvM iv¯Ívmg~‡ni wbg©vY AeKvVv‡gv cÖ`k©‡bi R‡b¨ mvBU wbe©vPb I RwgMÖn‡Y ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weeiY AbymiY; 4. Kgy¨wbwUi mydj †fv³v‡`i mskÖe gZvgZ civgk© Ki‡Y weeiY cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e wbimbg~jK c`‡¶cmg~n I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨; 5. mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs I i¶vKeP AvbyK~j¨ cÖm½; 76 6. AšÍf©y³KiY, AskMÖnY I Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËKiY; 7. mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv ev‡RU; Ges 8. ch©‡e¶Y I g~j¨vqb| 114. cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖK‡íi R‡b¨ cÖ”Qbœ mvgvwRK i¶vKeP wPwýZKi‡Y mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs cwiPvjbv Ki‡e GmAvBG| GmAvBGÕi cÖavb myweav cÖ`vb K‡i Kvh©Kix weKí e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Y, m¤¢ve¨ mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~‡ni cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶ wPwýZKi‡Y, ¯’vqx ev A¯’vqx, †fŠZ ev A_©‰bwZKfv‡e †m¸wji ¸iæZ¡ wbiƒcY ¯^í e¨qx wWRvBwbs wbimb gvÎv I ch©‡e¶Y Pvwn`v, cÖvwZôvwbK MV‡bi Av‡qvRb Ges A_©en miKvwi civgk©KiY I Z_¨ c×wZi wbwðZKiY| mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n wPwýZ nIqvi ci ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i Ges m¤ú‡`i ïgvix cwiPvwjZ n‡e GjvKv mxgvbv/web¨vmKiY Ges †hLv‡b `iKvi wi‡mUj‡g›U G¨vKmb cø¨vb (AviGwc) Abymi‡Y GmGgGd wb‡`©wkKv cÖ¯‘ZKi‡Yi Dci| ïgvix RwicKv‡j ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³iv I Zv‡`i m¤úª`vq civgk© Ki‡e mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~‡ni wbim‡b †KŠk‡ji SzuwK I AwfgZ m¤ú‡K©| cÖ‡qvRbxq mvgvwRK mskÖe wbðqZvi wbw`©ó mvgvwRK we‡køl‡Yi g‡a¨ _vK‡e; (1) Av_©-mvgvwRK we‡køl‡Yi (2) ‡÷K‡nvìvi we‡kølY (3) A‰bw”QK cyb:¯’vcb (A¯’vqx ev ¯’vqx cyb: Ae¯’vb I ¶wZMÖ¯Í m¤ú‡`i ¶wZc~iY AšÍM©Z)| weiƒc mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~‡ni ¶wZc~iY e¨e¯’vcbv, wbimb, jNyKiY cwinv‡i cÖfvemg~n wbY©q, SzuwK I myweav Ges civgk© gvÎv wbiƒcY wPwýZ Ki‡e| 115. Dc-cÖK‡íi R‡b¨ hLb Rwg MÖnY Kiv n‡e A‰bw”QK AwaMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g GjwRBwWi D‡`¨v‡M Rwg AwaMÖnY cÖwµqv MÖnY Kiv n‡e m¤§ywLZ mg‡q hv‡Z mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n I SzuwK wbiƒcY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i AviGwci cÖ¯‘wZ I Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ hv ¯’vbPz¨Z RbM‡Yi R‡b¨ wmwfj IqvK©m I ev¯Íevq‡bi cyi¯‹vi ¯^iƒc n‡Z cv‡i| 116. GjvKvi mvs¯‹…wZK I wewfbœ w`K †hgb Avw_©K Ae¯’v, Kg© ms¯’vb, wk¶v, eqm, †hvM¨Zv Ges Av_©-mvgvwRK w`Kmg~n Av_©-mvgvwRK Rwic AšÍf©y³ hv GmAvBG me©vZ¥K †hvMv‡hvM I civgk© †KŠkj Ges Rwic cÖYvjxZË¡ mycwiKwíZfv‡e e¨eüZ Ki‡e| G‡¶‡Î wb¤œwjwLZ c×wZ¸wj Aej¤^b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 1. cÖwZwU Dc-cÖK‡íi mvgvwRK i¶vKeP mgš^qK Bmy¨¸wj wmwfj IqvK© mgqm~wP Abyhvqx GmAvBG cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| 2. ‡jv‡Kk‡b emevmKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kgy¨wbwU/‡÷K‡nvìvi‡`i civgk©mg~‡ni cÖvgvY¨ KiY| 3. ‡dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbv n‡e mydj †fv³vKvix‡`i, g~L¨¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i I Zv‡`i Kgy¨wbwUi mv‡_| 4. cÖKí ¶wZMÖ¯Í emZevwo gvwjK‡`i g‡a¨ ïgvix I Av_©-mvgvwRK Rwic n‡Z n‡e| 5. cÖavb mgm¨vmg~n mgvav‡b GmGgGd Abymi‡Y, DcvË we‡kølY I Z_¨ jvM‡e| 6. Z_¨ msMÖn †iKW©K…Z I KgwcDUvivBRW n‡Z n‡e, we`¨gvb KvVv‡gv I Rwgi ‡nvwìs-Gi `wjjKi‡Yi wPÎ e¨eüZ n‡Z n‡e Ges Kwi‡Wvi cÖfvef~³ Ab¨vb¨ cÖfvemg~‡ni Av‡jvKwPÎ _vK‡Z n‡e| 7. ‡gŠRv g¨v‡ci P~ovšÍ GK‰iLxKiY/mvB‡Ui Avc‡WUKiY Ges Rwg AwaMÖnY cwiKíbvmg~n P~ovšÍKiY| 8. ‡RÛvi, eqm Ges cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î Ab¨ a‡g©i †jvK we‡ePbvq mKj DcvË wefvwRZ Ki‡Z n‡e| 117. 1982 mv‡ji AwW©b¨vÝ-2 Abyhvqx GjwRBwWi c‡¶ †hLv‡b mvB‡Ui Rb¨ Rwg AwaMÖnY cÖ‡qvRb †mB †Rjvi wWcywU- Kwgkbvi Rwg AwaMÖnY cÖwµqv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e| GBR‡b¨ †hLv‡b `iKvi n‡e GjwRBwW †mLv‡b AwZwi³ A_© cÖ`vb Ki‡e Rwgi cyb:¯’vb e¨q wbwðZKi‡Y Ges mvB‡Ui R‡b¨ m¤ú` AwaMÖn‡Y hv GmGgGd Gi mv‡_ Kgcøv‡qÝ I 77 AviGwc Abymi‡Y cÖ¯‘Z n‡e| mydj †fv³vKvix‡`i g‡a¨ Dc-RvwZ †jv‡K‡`i wPwýZKi‡Y GmAvBG Ges GmGgwc mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs-Gi AšÍf©y³ I AskMÖnY AšÍM©Z _vK‡e| 78 Ask ÔNÕ- cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbvi Rb¨ wb‡`©wkKv 79 118. cÖKí wbwðZ Ki‡e †h Aa¨vq 3 Ges Aby‡”Q` 3.3 Gi AvIZvq ewY©Z evsjv‡`k miKvi Ges wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxq bxwZgvjv cÖm‡½ h‡_ó mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Kiv n‡”Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ cwi‡ekMZ we‡ePbvmg~‡ni cÖwZ ch©vß g‡bv‡hvM ¸iæZ¡¡ I KZ©„Z¡ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡”Q wKbv| 119. wWRvB‡b cwi‡ekMZ we‡ePbvmg~n †gŠwjK wWRvBb gvb mg~‡ni wfwËi Dci AvewZ©Z hv‡Z K‡i AvkÖq †K›`ª ¸wj `xN© †gqv`x w¯’wZkxjZv AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges e¨enviKvix‡`i mydj cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| wWRvB‡bi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ AvkÖq MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ wbevm ¯’‡ji AvqZb n‡e 280 †_‡K 400 eM© wgUvi mn 1300 †_‡K 2000 e¨w³i aviY ¶gZv wewkó| AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi AvIZvf~³ GjvKvi †¶Îdj 8 †_‡K 16 eM© wK‡jvwgUvi| AvkÖq†K‡›`ª gwnjv I cyiæ‡li Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ 4 †_‡K 5 wU Uq‡jU _vK‡e| wWRvB‡bi g‡a¨ cwi‡ek I AvkÖq msµvš— †hme Dcv`vb _vK‡e Zv n‡jv- 120. cÖK‡íi mnvqZvq 1. bevqb‡hvM¨ R¡vjvwb (†mŠi we`y¨r) Av‡jvi D‡Ï‡k¨, 2. cvwb mieiv‡ni Rb¨ †iBbIqvUvi nv‡f©w÷s gRyZ U¨v¼, 3. my‡cq cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb myweav 4. ¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv I Kgy¨wbwUi gva¨‡g †iwcZ MvQcvjvi i¶Yv‡e¶Y, 5. ¶wZ mvab n«vm Ges mnR i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ †gvRvBKK…Z †g‡S, 6. BDGm AvwK©‡UKPvivj Gjywgwbqvg g¨vbyd¨vKPvivi G‡mvwm‡qk‡bi gvb m¤úbœ Gjywgwbqv‡gi Uvbv Rvbvjv, 7. cÖwZeÜx‡`i Rb¨ Xvjy wmuwo 121. cwi‡e‡ki ¯^v‡_© wWRvBb ˆewk‡ó¨i g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z AvkÖq †K›`ª cÖv½‡Yi bv›`wbK †mŠ›`h©¨, †Ljvi gvV, K…wl f~wgi cÖwZi¶v, e„¶ wbab cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v, f~-`„k¨wPÎ mn wWRvB‡bi h‡_vchy³ i¶Yv‡e¶Y BZ¨vw`| G¸wji m‡½ m¤ú„³ _vK‡e- 1. AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Ae¯’vb wbe©vP‡b GjvKvi Rb cÖwZwbwa ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb mg~n (BDwc/We-ywm) MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³ Ges ¯’vbxq †÷K †nvìvi‡`i mgš^‡q GKvwaK civgk© mfvi Av‡qvRb| 2. RbM‡Yi Avkv AvKv•Lvi cÖwZdj‡bi j‡¶¨ Rb civg‡k©i gva¨‡g †÷K †nvìvi‡`i cÖÁv I AwfÁZv Kv‡R jvwM‡q †fŠZ Ae¯’vb, Av_©-mvgvwRK cwiw¯’wZ, †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v, cwi‡ek msµvšÍ welqvw`, BZ¨vw` RvZxq cwigvÎvi wfwˇZ AvBB/G cwiPvjbvi j‡¶¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Rixc KvR m¤úbœ Kiv| 122. eûgyLx `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni cÖKí mydjvw`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q (1) N~wY©So mn †h †Kv‡bv `y‡h©v‡M cÖKí mydj †fv³v‡`i Rb¨ wbivc` AvkÖq wbwðZ Kiv, (2) eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ª mg~‡n wk¶vi h_vh_ cwi‡ek m„wó Kiv Ges †kÖYx K‡¶ ch©vß ¯’vb msKzjv‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv (3) wkï‡`i wk¶vi Dc‡hvMx mvgwMÖK ¯‹zj myweavi Dbœqb I cwi‡ek Dbœq‡b eûgyLx AvkÖq †K›`ª mg~‡ni wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ges (4) †h †Kv‡bv `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq Dc`ªæZ gvby‡li Zv‡`i Mevw` cï‡K †hb wbivc` AvkÖ‡q ivL‡Z cv‡i| 123. cÖKí myd‡j cwi‡ek we‡ePbv ej‡Z eySvq cwi‡ekMZfv‡e myôz wWRvBb cwigvÎv hv w`‡q cÖKí j¶¨ mg~n AR©b Kiv hv‡e Ges H mg¯Í welqvw`i AšÍf©y³ hv w`‡q cwigvÎvq mvdj¨ Avm‡e| AvkÖq†K›`ª wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nIqv QvovI Gme ¯‹zj-Kvg-AvkÖq †K›`ª ¸wj‡K QvÎ-QvÎx, wk¶K-wkw¶Kv Ges e¨vcK A‡_© ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i ¯^v‡_© cwi‡ek evÜe 80 DcKiY mn‡hv‡M cyb:ms¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯‹zj-Kvg-AvkÖq†K›`ª¸wj‡Z ¯^v¯’¨†K›`ª, Kgy¨wbwU †m›Uvi I Ab¨vb¨ cÖkvmwbK myweavi e¨e¯’v _vK‡e| 124. `y‡h©vM AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ ms‡hvM moK I Avbylw½K ¯’vcbvmg~‡ni e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q hv‡Z K‡i AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n wbivc‡` ‡cŠQv‡bv hvq| Gme e¨e¯’v e¨enviKvix‡`i Rb¨ we‡kl K‡i QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i Rb¨ myweavRbK n‡e we‡klZ el©v †gŠmy‡g| AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡n Mevw`cïi AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ †d¬vi ivLv n‡q‡Q hvi d‡j †ek wKQz msL¨K Mevw` cï I Ab¨vb¨ cï m¤ú` i¶v Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| f~wg e¨envi cwiKíbv I e„¶‡ivc‡bi gva¨‡g mvB‡Ui Dbœqb I m¤úªmviY Kiv n‡e | 125. AvkÖq †K›`ªmg~‡ni A½xf~Z e¨e¯’vw` meB cwi‡ekMZ we‡ePbvq M„wnZ n‡q‡Q| Gme e¨e¯’v Avc`Kvjxb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges ¯^vfvweK mg‡q ¯‹z‡ji Kv‡Ri e¨eüZ n‡e| Gme e¨e¯’vi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q e¨enviKvix‡`i Rb¨ †mŠi c¨v‡bj myweav| N~wY©So PjvKv‡j Ges N~wY©S‡oi c‡i AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Pvwn`v n‡”Q cvbxq Rj| GwU AwaKZi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© G Kvi‡Y †h f~cwi¯’ cvwb cÖvqkB jeYv³ _v‡K Ges n¯ÍPvwjZ bjK~‡ci cvwb‡Z †¶Î we‡k‡l Av‡m©wbK `~l‡bi mÜvb cvIqv hvq| AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n wbivc` cvwbi Rb¨ DuPz ¯’v‡b bjK~c emv‡bv n‡e| AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n †iBb IqvUvi nv‡f©w÷s Gi myweav ivLv n‡e| cÖwZwU AvkÖq†K‡›`ª cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi e¨e¯’v ivLv n‡e Zvr¶wYK †mevi R‡b¨ Ges Mf©eZx gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ AvkÖq†K‡›`ª Avjv`v K‡¶i e¨e¯’v _vK‡e| GQvov ¸`vg N‡ii e¨e¯’v _vK‡e gvjvgvj ivLvi Rb¨ hv‡Z K‡i †m¸wj wew¶ßfv‡e Gw`K †mw`K c‡o bv _v‡K Ges cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v m„wó bv K‡i| 126. cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) Gi cÖv_wgK D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q weiƒc cÖfve mg~n n«vm Kiv Ges BwZevPK cÖfve mg~n e„w× Kivi j‡¶¨ Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc †_‡K D™¢~Z cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n †iKW© Kiv Ges wPwýZ Òwbqš¿Y c`‡¶cmg~nÓ ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ Kiv| GQvov, Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni wbg©vY I cwiPvjb ch©vqKv‡j D™¢~Z †h †Kv‡bv AcÖZ¨vwkZ A_ev Abwf‡cÖZ cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve †gvKv‡ejv Kiv| 127. BGgwc‡Z my¯úófvlvq ewY©Z _vK‡e (K) Dc-cÖK‡íi wbg©vY I cwiPvjb ch©vqKv‡j weiƒc cÖfvemg~n `~ixKiY A_ev mnbxq ch©v‡q n«vm Ki‡Yi c`‡¶c mg~n (L) Gme c`‡¶c ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Kvh©Kjvcmg~n Ges (M) cÖ‡qvMK…Z wbimb c`‡¶cmg~‡ni Kvh©KvwiZv wbiƒc‡bi Rb¨ GKwU gwbUwis cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kiv| 128. cÖKí-cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e cwi‡ekbv e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©m~wP MÖnY Kiv n‡e| G †Kej Avek¨Kxq Kvh©Kjv‡ci c~e© wba©vwiZ †PKwjó Abyhvqx gwbUwbs I wbqvgK ZrciZvmg~‡ni g‡a¨ mxgve× bq| eiÂ, GKwU Dc-cÖKí ev¯Íevqb cÖwµqv hLb cÖZ¨vwkZ I AcÖZ¨vwkZ cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n bgbxq fv‡e †gvKv‡ejv K‡i ev¯— evq‡bi c‡_ GwM‡q P‡j, ZLb †m¸wji mgš^q Kiv| GgwWGmwc Gi AvIZvq mKj Dc-cÖK‡íi ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ BGgwc Pzw³ `wj‡ji Ask nIqv DwPZ| BGgwc-Gi cÖavb Dcvsk mg~n n‡”Q: 1. wbimb I ewa©Z c`‡¶cmg~n 2. gwbUwis cwiKíbv 3. Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË †KŠkj 81 4. BGgwc Gi e¨q cÖv°jb 5. BGgwc ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’v| 129. cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbvi (BGgwc) g‡a¨ cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ AšÍf©y³ _v‡K hv cÖKíKv‡j ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡e Ges cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶YKv‡jI †bwZevPK cÖfve mg~n n«vm Kiv Ges ewa©Z c`‡¶c mg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi mnvqK n‡e| AvBBB I BAvBG ch©v‡q BGgwc cÖwYZ n‡e cwi‡ekMZ wbiƒcb (BG) Gi Ask wn‡m‡e hv‡Z K‡i cÖKí Dbœq‡bi cieZ©x ch©v‡q d‡jv-Avc Kvh©Kjvc m¤úbœ Kiv hvq : we¯ÍvwiZ wWRvBb, wbg©vY ev¯Íevqb, i¶Yv‡e¶Y I `vwqZ¡ | 130. cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) cÖKí wbg©vY, ev¯Íevqb, i¶Yv‡e¶Y I cwiZ¨vM (cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î) Kv‡j d‡jvAvc Kvh© mg~n m¤úbœ Kivi j‡¶¨ MVb Kiv n‡e| BGgwc `y‡h©vM AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni cÖvK-wbg©vY, wbg©vY I cwiPvjb Ges i¶Yv‡e¶Y ch©v‡q MwVZ n‡q _v‡K| 131. GgwWGmwc Gi AvIZvq cÖ¯ÍvweZ mKj Dc-cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ mvgwMÖK cÖfve wbiƒcY †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h AwaKvsk weiƒc cÖfve gvb m¤úbœ wbimb c`‡¶c Aej¤^‡b n«vm Kiv A_ev wbivgq Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖKí n‡Z AviI wKQz myweavKi cÖfve mg~n e„w×i my‡hvM †_‡K hvq| cÖK‡íi R‡b¨ AvkÖq †K›`ª I ms‡hvM moK wbg©vY I Acv‡ik‡bi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfv‡ei cwigvÎv e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q| GgwWGmwc-i AvIZvq Dc-cÖK‡í Kvh©Kix n‡Z cv‡i Ggb wbimb gvÎv I e„w× KiY gvÎv bx‡Pi mviYx‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wbimb gvÎv ev¯Íevqb Kivi wbðqZvi R‡b¨ wVKv`vi‡`i KvR Av`vq Ki‡Z BGgwc `icÎ `wj‡ji m‡½ m½wZc~Y© n‡Z n‡e| mviYx 10-1 : AvkÖq †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv Kvh©vejx/ welqvw` ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfvemg~n cÖ¯ÍvweZ wbimb I `vwqZ¡/wbe©vnx ewa©Z KiY c`‡¶cmg~n c¶ kÖwgK‡`i †jevi †kW 1. AveR©bv I KwVb 2. m¨vwbUvix cvqLvbv/ wVKv`vi wbg©vY I Acv‡ikb eR©¨; cvwb/cwi‡ek `~lY m„wó gj: †kvabvkq c×wZ wbg©vY (GjwRBwW I wWGmwm 3. cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î eR©¨ KZ…©K ch©‡e¶Y) Szwo/ cvÎ ivLvÒ‡bv wjUviÓ ms‡KZ ¯’vcb Kiv 4. KwVb e‡R©¨i h_vh_ AcmviY 5. kÖwgK‡`i 6. kÖwgK‡`i gv‡S ¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY ¯^v¯’¨ m‡PZbZv e„w× 7. cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi miÄvg I Ilya mieiv‡ni cÖvc¨Zv I cÖvwß 8. kÖg wkwei‡K 9. wbg©vY KvR Pzw³ ¯’vqx Avevm‡b m¤¢ve¨ †k‡l wVKv`viMY kÖgwkwei DbœwZ KiY AcmviY Ki‡e| mvaviY wbg©vY KvR 1. ‡Wª‡bR e×Zv I c-veb¨ 2. S‡ovcvwbi ch©vß wVKv`vi A_ev Dc-cÖKí †Wª‡b‡Ri e¨e¯’v ivLv mg~n 3. cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a weKí (GjwRBwW I P¨v‡b‡ji e¨e¯’v Kiv wWGmwm 4. cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a e×cvwb KZ…©K ch©‡e¶Y) cv¤ú mn‡hv‡M wb¯‹vk‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv| 5. we‡klfv‡e cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a fiv †gŠmy‡g wbg©vY KvR cwiPvjbKv‡j 82 Kvh©vejx/ welqvw` ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfvemg~n cÖ¯ÍvweZ wbimb I `vwqZ¡/wbe©vnx ewa©Z KiY c`‡¶cmg~n c¶ djcÖmy †Wª‡b‡Ri ch©vß ce©‡e¶Y wbwðZ Kiv 6. evqy `~lY 7. cÖ‡R‡±i mKj hvbevn‡bi Dc‡hvMx mPj Ae¯’vi wbwðZ ivLv| 8. a~wjKbv m„wó n«vm Ki‡Yi j‡¶¨ ﯋ gvwU‡Z/KuvPv iv¯—vq wbqwgZ cvwb wQUv‡bv| 9. cwienb, `„pxKiY I e¨enviKv‡j gvwUi ch©vß Av`ª©Zv i¶v Kiv 10. cvwb wQUv‡bv I †X‡K ivLv †Lvjv mvgMÖx ¯‘c (†hgb, m~² wgkÖY) 11. mvB‡U BU fv½vi hš¿cvwZi e¨envi cwinvi Kiv, †m¸wj D‡j-L‡hvM¨ cwigvY a~wjKbv Drcbœ K‡i _v‡K| 12. UªvwdK RU, UªvwdK 13. e¨¯Í mg‡qi Av‡M msKU c‡i mvgMÖx/miÄvgvw`i Avbv-‡bIqvi wmwWDj Kiv| 14. m¤¢ve¨ †¶‡Î Dc-cÖKí hvbevn‡bi Rb¨ weKí iƒU wbe©vwPZ Kiv| 15. Uª¨vwdK wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ d¬¨vMg¨vb wb‡qvM| 16.iv‡Zi †ejvq ms‡KZ Av‡jvi e¨e¯’v| 17. kã `~lY 18. fvix wbg©vY miÄvgvw`i Rb¨ kã wbqš¿Y I gvgjvi e¨envi Kiv| 19. †h me wbg©vY miÄvgvw` gvÎvwZwi³ kã m„wó K‡i †m¸wj iv‡Z e¨envi bv Kiv| 20. kÖwgK‡`i‡K `xN©Kvj k‡ãi gv‡S wb‡qvwRZ bv ivLv| 21. nb© e¨envi wbqwš¿Z ivLv Ges nvB‡WªvwjK nY© e¨envi bv Kiv| 22. cvwb I 23. msjMœ b`x/Lvj/‡Wªb g„wËKv `~lY R¡vjvbx, †Zj, ivmvqwbK c`v_© I eR©¨ wb‡¶c bv Kiv| 24. f~-cwi¯’ cvwb‡Z ÷g© IqvUvi wbM©g‡bi Av‡M MvQ QvKzbxi Rb¨ Zjvbx †ewm‡bi e¨e¯’v ivLv| MvQ KvUv, Dw™¢` 25. g„wËKv Lb‡bi ci Wbab Dw™¢`mg~‡ni cyb: †ivcb| 26. KvUv Mv‡Qi e`‡j bZzb e„¶ †ivcb| 27. `yN©Ubv 28. gvb m¤§Z wbivcËv cÖ‡UvKj AbymiY Kiv| 29. cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨ I 83 Kvh©vejx/ welqvw` ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfvemg~n cÖ¯ÍvweZ wbimb I `vwqZ¡/wbe©vnx ewa©Z KiY c`‡¶cmg~n c¶ wbivcËv welqK weªwds 30. †cÖv‡UKwUf wMqvi e¨e¯’v 31. †Zj, welv³ ivmvqwbK 32. myôz M„n¯’vjx KvRKg© c`v_© wb:mib I PzB‡q cov 33. †Zj I R¡vjvbxi h_vh_ e¨envi| 34. wb:m„Z c`v_© msMÖn h_vh_ e¨e¯’v MÖnY| mKj wbg©vY Kv‡R 35. Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói Dci 37. cÖKí Kvh©µ‡g hZ †ewk wVKv`vi BwZevPK cÖfve m¤¢e ¯’vbxq RbmvaviY‡K (GjwRBwW I 36. cwi‡e‡ki ¯^vfvweK AšÍf©y³ Kiv| wWGmwm KZ©„K Aebqb 38. ew¯ÍevmKvix cÖKí ch©‡e¶Y) GjvKvi `wi`ª RbmvaviY‡K Dc-cÖKí Kv‡R (‡hgb, Lbb I Ab¨vb¨ KvR †hLv‡b `¶ Rbkw³ cÖ‡qvRb c‡i bv) AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| Lbb/gvwUi 39. HwZnvwmK ¯’vcbv I mvs¯‹…wZK 40. mvs¯‹…wZK m¤ú` mg~‡ni myi¶vi GjwRBwW Ges KvR/cvBwjs aŸsmve‡kl Avwe¯‹vi Kiv R‡b¨ Òmy‡hvM mÜvb cÖwµqvÓ AbymiY civgk©K wVKv`vi (cwiwkó 6 G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| n‡Z mn‡hvwMZv| ‰ÎgvwmK gwbUwis wi‡cvU© GjwRBwW cÖYqb I wek¦ e¨vs‡K `vwLj cwi‡ek we‡klÁ Kiv wWGmwm civgk©K Ges GgG¨vÛBi mnvqZv †b‡e| 132. `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv‡K msÁvwqZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Riæix Ae¯’vq mKj gvbweK m¤ú` I `vwq‡Z¡i mvsMVwbK I e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwµqv wnmv‡e, we‡kl K‡i `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve n«vm Kivi cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY, mviv cÖ`vb I D×vi K‡í| Riæix cÖ¯‘wZg~jK cwiKíbv (Bwcwc) Ges AvKw¯§K cwiKíbv (wmwc) n‡”Q `y‡h©v‡Mi Kvi‡Y weiƒcfv‡e ÿwZM͇֯`i gvbweK Pvwn`v mg~n †gUv‡bvi j‡¶¨ Dbœqb †KŠkj, e¨e¯’v MÖnY c×wZmg~‡ni Rb¨ `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi cÖwµqv| `y‡h©v‡Mi 4wU cÖavb aiY n‡”Q; cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM, cwi‡ekMZ Ri”ix Ae¯’v, RwUj Ri”ix Ae¯’v Ges me©e¨vcx Ri”ix Ae¯’v| 133. GgwWGmwc Gi Rb¨ Dc-cÖK‡íi `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv n‡”Q BDwbqb `y‡h©vM cwiKíbvi GKwU Ask we‡kl| GwU GKwU Avbylw½K cwiKíbv| `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv cÖYxZ n‡e ¯‹zj g¨v‡bR‡g›U KwgwU (GmGgwm) Ges BDwbqb `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwU (BDwWGgwm) KZ©„K| Dc-cÖK‡íi Rb¨ GKwU BDwbq‡bi Aax‡b BDwbqb `y‡h©vM cwiKíbv hyM¥fv‡e cÖYxZ n‡e GmGgwm I BDwWGgwm KZ©„K| `y‡h©v‡Mi Kvi‡Y weiƒcfv‡e ÿwZM͇֯`i gvbweK Pvwn`v mg~‡ni †gUv‡bv j‡¶¨ Zviv Zvr¶wYK Pvwn`vmg~n eq‡mi AwaKvi Ges m¤ú` Pvwn`v wPwýZ Ki‡eb| wWGgwc ev¯Íevqb GmGGmwm Gi mgš^q f~wgKvI LyeB Riæix | 84 134. cwi‡ekMZ gwbUwis Gi cÖv_wgK j¶¨ n‡”Q Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc †_‡K D™¢~Z cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n †iKW© Kiv Ges cÖKí Kvh©KjvcRwbZ weiƒc cÖfve n«vm Kiv Ges BwZevPK cÖfve e„w× Kivi j‡¶¨ B‡Zvc~‡e© mbv³K…Z wbimb c`‡¶c mg~n Gi ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ Kiv| Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni ev¯Íevqb Kv‡j GjwRBwW civgk©KM‡Yi mnvqZv, †UÛvi `wj‡ji kZ©vbyhvqx we‡kl Dc-cÖK‡íi Rb¨ BGgwc‡Z ewY©Z cwi‡ek wbimb/ewa©Z c`‡¶cmg~n (¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv c`‡¶cmg~n) Gi ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ Kiv Ges gwbUwis Kiv| 135. cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cÖvmw½K cwieZ©bmg~n mbv³ Kivi j‡¶¨ cwi‡ekMZ gyL¨ welqvw` msµvšÍ GKvwaK m~PK cÖ¯ÍvweZ n‡q‡Q| wbimb/ewa©Z c`‡¶c mg~‡ni mvaviY gwbUwis QvovI Dc-cÖKí mg~‡ni wbg©vY ch©vqKv‡j evZv‡mi ¸YMZ gvb, k‡ãi gvÎv, cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb, †Wª‡bR e×Zv I UªvwdK msKUmn ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwi‡ek cwigvÎv I gwbUi Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e gwbUwis Gi Avek¨KZv I †cŠb:‡cŠwbKZv wbf©i Ki‡e Dc-cÖK‡íi cÖK…wZ I gvV cwiw¯’wZi Dci| gwbUwis cwiKíbvi Rb¨ gwbUwis cwiKíbvi LiP Ges cÖvwZôvwbK Av‡qvRb mn gwbUwis Gi cigvÎv I †cŠb:‡cŠwbKZv D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e| wi‡cvwU©s Gi e¨e¯’v Ges ms‡kvab g~jK e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ wi‡cvwU©s dig¨vU mieivn Kiv n‡e| 136. cwi‡ekMZ gwbUwis Kg© cwiKíbvi g‡Zv wKQz wbw`©ó Pvwn`v I c`‡¶c mviYx 10-2 G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| GB Bmy¨¸wji g‡a¨ a~wjKbv, kã wbqš¿Y, eR©¨ AcmviY, ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv, cvwb mieivn Ges cq:wb¯‹vk‡b wVKv`vi KZ©„K e¨e¯’v †bIqv Ges GB KvR¸wj Pzw³g~‡ji ev‡R‡Ui g‡a¨ Kiv DwPZ| wbg©vY KvR PjvKvjxb ¯‹zj KZ©„c‡ ¶i ¯‹zj mgq m~wPi mvgwqK cwieZ©b A_ev we‡kl mgqm~wP `iKvi n‡Z cv‡i| weKí mgq Lyu‡R †ei Kivi Rb¨ ¯‹zj KZ©„c¶ I wVKv`v‡ii Av‡jvPbv I Av‡cvl idv nIqv DwPZ| `vwqZ¡cÖvß ms MVb µ: †cŠb: Bmy¨R ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfve wbimb c`‡¶c bs ‡cŠwbKZv ev¯Íevqb gwbUwis 1. f~-cwi¯’ I f~-cwi¯’ A_ev 1. mvBU n‡Z h_vh_fv‡e mvßvwnK wVKv`vi/ G·vBGb GjwRBwW f~-Mf©¯’ cvwb f~-Mf©¯’ cvwb eR©¨ cwiZ¨³ wbwðZ KiY wWRvBb `~lY `~lY gvÎv 2. †mcwUK U¨v¼ I †kvlK I GgwWGgGi K~‡ci cÖK…Z wWRvBb Z`viwK GwWwUGj/Gd wbwðZ KiY civgk©K AviB civgk©K 2. evqy/a~wjKYv I fv½b I cybe©vmbKvjxb ¯‹zj †Q‡j‡g‡q 1. ˆ`wbK wVKv`vi/ wbe©vnx `~lY AvevwmK‡`i ¯‹z‡ji mvgwqK ¯’vbvšÍi KiY wWRvBb cÖ‡KŠkjx GjwRBwW ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwK 2. mvgwqK ¯’vbvšÍKi‡Yi I e¨q AšÍf©y³ KiY Z`viwK GgwWGgGi 3. a~wjgq iv¯Ívq cvwb wQUv‡bv civgk©K GwWwUGj/Gd 4. gRyZ ¯‘yc †X‡K ivLv| AviB civgk©K 3. kã `~lY ¯‹z‡ji kÖeY 5. ¯‹z‡ji mvgwqK ‰`wbK wVKv`vi/ wbe©vnx SzuwK ¯’vbvšÍKiY nIqv DwPZ wWRvBb cÖ‡KŠkjx GjwRBwW I GgwWGgGi 85 `vwqZ¡cÖvß ms MVb µ: †cŠb: Bmy¨R ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfve wbimb c`‡¶c bs ‡cŠwbKZv ev¯Íevqb gwbUwis Z`viwK GwWwUGj/Gd civgk©K AviB wkï I AvevwmK mvgwqK ¯’vb cwieZ©‡bi ZË¡veavbKvix GgwWGm e¨qfvi mn ¯’vcbv fv½Y I civgk©K civgk©K cybe©vmb Kiv| 6. wmwWDj cwienb †mb ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨ weNœ m„wó bv Kiv| 7. msKURbK ¯’v‡bi †gv‡o MwZ wbqš¿‡bi e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e| 8. hš¿cvwZ‡Z kã wbqš¿K _vKv Avek¨K| 4. eR©¨ AcmviY/ cvwb 1. eR©¨ I ivwek h_vh_fv‡e ˆ`wbK wVKv`vi/ wbe©vnx e¨e¯’vcbv `~lY AcmviY Ki‡Z n‡e| wWRvBb cÖ‡KŠkjx GjwRBwW 2. wbg©vY ivwek ¯‘cxK…Z I I GgwWGgGi AcmvwiZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Z`viwK GwWwUGj/Gd 3. cwienb Kv‡j ivwek Dc‡P civgk©K AviB cov A_ev D¤§y³ ivLv bv Kiv| 5. f~wg fv½b aŸsm/Xvj aŸsmv, 1. ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i `„pxKiY wbwðZ gvwmK wVKv`vi/ wbe©vnx e„wóRwYZ Kiv wWRvBb cÖ‡KŠkjx GjwRBwW fv½b, Dw™¢` 2. gvwU w¯’wZkxj Ki‡Yi I GgwWGgGi wejywß c`‡¶c Kiv Z`viwK GwWwUGj/Gd 3. ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rwg‡Z cybivq civgk©K AviB Dw™¢` †ivcb I cybi”×vi Kiv| 4. Aebqb, öjb I fv½b‡iv‡a Xv‡ji h_vh_ wWRvBb Kiv 6. MvQcvjv I wbe©vPbxKiY I ¯‹zj cÖv½Y I moK cv‡k¦©i Dchy³ 1. wbg©vY wVKv`vi/ wbe©vnx Dw™¢` gi”KiY ¯’v‡b e„¶‡ivc‡bi cieZ©xKv‡j wWRvBb cÖ‡KŠkjx GjwRBwW gva¨‡g cwi‡ek Dbœqb Kiv| I GgwWGgGi 2. wbõj Rwg‡Z Dw™¢` †ivcb Z`viwK GwWwUGj/Gd DrmvwnZ Kiv| civgk©K AviB 7. cvwb mieivn ‡ivMe¨vwai NUbv 1. ch©vß Lvevi cvwb ‰`wbK wVKv`vi/ wbe©vnx I m¨vwb‡Ukb mieivn wbwðZ KiY ZË¡veavbKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx, 2. cyiæl I bvixKg©x‡`i c„_K civgk©K GjwRBwW, m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi myweavw`i e¨e¯’v GgwWmcivgk©‡Ki KiY GwWwUGj/ GdAviB 8. ¯^v¯’¨ I I kÖwgK‡`i Rb¨ ch©vß wbivc` ‰`wbK kÖwgK‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ 1. wVKv`vi/ wbe©vnx wbivcËv mvaviY wbivcËv e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Kiv| ZË¡veavbKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx, 2. wVKv`vi I kÖwgK‡`i Rb¨ civgk©K GjwRBwW, GgwWm cÖwk¶‡Yi e¨e¯’v civgk©‡Ki GwWwUGj/ GdAviB 86 137. Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË †KŠkj (wRAviGg) n‡”Q GKwU g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g ÿwZMÖ¯Í †jvKRb GgwWGmwc Gi Dc- cÖKímg~‡ni Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡Y cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~‡ni cÖ‡kœ †mv”Pvi n‡Z cvi‡e| GjwRBwW wbwðZ Ki‡e †h Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËg~jK cÖwµqvmg~n we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q Ges Zviv cÖwµqv¸wj gwbUi Ki‡e h_vh_fv‡e Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨| GjwRBwWi `ßi mg~n GKwU c×wZ MVb Ki‡e cwi‡ekMZ mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcY I wbim‡bi e¨vcv‡i gZv‰bK¨ mn Dc-cÖKí m¤úwK©Z wRÁvmv I Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË weev` I AvcwËi m`yËi cÖ`v‡bi j‡¶¨| mvaviYZ, Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË KwgwU (wRAviwm) `yB ai‡Yi n‡q _v‡K (1) AvbyôvwbK Avcxj Av`vjZ Ges (2) we‡iva Aemv‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vbxqfv‡e MwVZ wRAviwm| wØZxq D‡jøwLZ KwgwU msK‡Ui cy‡iv mgvavb jvNe Ki‡Z cv‡i| wRAviwm MVb Kiv n‡e †mKkb 11.1.3 G ewY©Z cš’vq| wRAviwm wbwðZ Ki‡e bvwjk I Awf‡hv‡Mi myôz Dc¯’vcbv Ges wbi‡c¶ ïbvbx I ¯^”Q wm×všÍmg~n| wRAviwm wewfbœ mg‡q mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡e cÖwZwU gvgjvi ¸Yv¸Y wePv‡ii Rb¨ Ges ïbvbxi Rb¨ GKwU w`b avh©¨ Ki‡e Ges Awf‡hvMKvix e¨w³‡K Zvi `vwe gvgjvi c‡¶ cÖ‡qvRbxq mv¶¨ cÖgvY `vwLj Ki‡Z †bvwUk cÖ`vb Ki‡e; Ges Awf‡hvM cÖvwßi w`b †_‡K GK gv‡mi g‡a¨ Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË Ki‡e| wRAviwm Gi Kvh©Kjvc m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ GmGgGj G ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| 138. BGgwc‡Z AšÍf©y³ wKQz Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ Avw_©K mswkøóZv i‡q‡Q| BGgwc cÖYq‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e cwi‡ek wbimb c`‡¶c mg~‡ni e¨qfvi cÖv°wjZ n‡e Ges †mwU `icÎ `wj‡ji cwigvY c‡Î AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e| BGgwc Gi Ask wn‡m‡e A‡bK Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ AwZwi³ cÖZ¨¶ e¨q cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv| †hgb, ¯’vbxq fv‡e kÖg kw³ wb‡qvM, cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î Dc-cÖK‡íi hvbevnb¸wj‡K mPj Ae¯’vq ivLv, ev¯Íevq‡bi Av‡M c‡i mvgMÖx/gvjvgvj Avbv †bqv Kiv, R¡vjvwb e¨envi BZ¨vw`| Aciw`‡K GKvwaK Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ AwZwi³ e¨‡qi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| wbg©vY I cwiPvjb ch©vqKv‡j cwi‡ek gwbUwis Gi Rb¨ cÖZ¨¶ e¨q Avek¨K n‡e| GKB m‡½ wKQz msL¨K wbimb c`‡¶c (¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËvg~jK c`‡¶c mg~n) Gi Rb¨ AwZwi³ e¨q Avek¨K n‡e| G¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q †mcwUK U¨vsK/m¨vwbUvix cvqLvbv/enb‡hvM¨ Uq‡jU ¯’vcb Kiv, ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv ms‡KZ ¯’vcbv Kiv, m‡PZbZv m„wó Rb¨ ms‡KZ/‡cvóvj jvMv‡bv, KswµU wgkÖ‡bi Dci cvwb wQUv‡bv, e„¶‡ivcb BZ¨vw`| BGgwc Gi e¨q wba©vi‡Yi RvwZevPK c×wZ wb‡¤œ cÖ`Ë n‡jv : mviYx 10-3 : gwbUwis e¨q cÖv°jb c×wZ/wfwË| welq e¨‡qi wfwË/cÖv°wjZ e¨q gwbUwis evqyi ¸YMZ gvb (GmwcGg ev wcGg A_ev wcGg ) 10 2.5 eZ©gvb `i (BDwbU cÖwZ 10,000/- UvKv) k‡ãi gvÎv eZ©gvb `i (ˆ`wbK BDwbU cÖwZ 5,000/- UvKv) cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb (wc,GBP,weIwW /wmIwW, †Zj I wMÖR 5 eZ©gvb `i (UvKv 15,000/- bgybv cÖwZ) cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb (wcGBP, weIwW A_ev wmIwW, GbGBP) 5 eZ©gvb `i (UvKv 7,000/- bgybv cÖwZ) 87 ‡mcwUK U¨v¼/‡mwbUvix cvqLvbv/enb‡hvM¨ ¯’vcb eZ©gvb `i me©‡kl wcWwe-y¨wW/GjwRBwW `i ¯^v¯’¨/ wbivc` ms‡KZ (AvKvi I msL¨v) eZ©gvb wcWweøDwW/GjwRBwW `i/GKKvjxb g~j¨ Kvh© GjvKvq KswµU wgkÖY A_ev KuvPv me©‡kl wcWweøDwW /GjwRBwW `i (`i hw` _v‡K) mo‡K cvwb wQUv‡bv cÖwZ eM© wgUv‡ii Rb¨ GKwU wba©vwiZ `i gvïj wbqš¿Y (Kvh©Kv‡j wb‡qvwRZ me©‡kl wcWweøDwW /GjwRBwW `i (hw` _v‡K) wbw`©ó d¬¨vMg¨v‡bi AvbygvwbK msL¨v) cÖwZ d¬¨vMg¨v‡bi cÖwZw`‡bi †iU/GKKvjxb g~j¨ UªvwdK jvBU me©‡kl wcWweøDwW /GjwRBwW`i (hw` _v‡K) GKKvjxb g~j¨ AvZ¥ i¶vg~jK miÄvg wVKv`vi‡`i `icÎ `vwLj Ki‡Z n‡e Kg©x‡`i kZ©vw` we‡ePbvi ch©vß msiw¶Z KvR Abymv‡i| e„¶ †ivcb (msi¶Y/‡eov Kib Ges cÖKí eZ©gvb `i (UvKv 1,000/- Dw™¢` cÖwZ) PjvKvjxb msi¶Y KiY * gvÎvi Rb¨ myweavw`i jf¨Zvi Dci wbf©i K‡i| 139. GgwWGmwc Gi AvIZvq wewfbœ DcK~jxq GjvKvq Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ GKwU wb‡`©wkKv wn‡m‡e cwi‡ekMZ AvPiY wewa (BwmIwc) cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q| AvPiY wewai D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q GB g‡g© wbwðZ Kiv †h wbg©vY Kvh©Kjvc Ggbfv‡e m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z cwi‡e‡ki Dci cÖfve jvNe nq| BwmIwc m‡PZbZv e„w×i mnvqK Ges cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ m‡e©vËg Abykxjb| 140. BwmIwc wbg©vY mvBU Ges mswk-ó Kvh©Kjvc, †hgb- gRyZKi‡Yi mvBU, LbbK…Z gvjvgvj AcmviY mvBU BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| cwi‡ek evÜe Kg©ZrciZvi `vwqZ¡ †h †Kv‡bv cÖK‡íi m‡½ m¤ú„³ mK‡ji Dci b¨¯Í| cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbvi m‡e©vËg ZrciZvi Rb¨ cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv Avek¨K; Ges cwi‡ekMZ `vwqZ¡mg~‡ni Dcjwä| cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve MwZ‡ivag~jK c`‡¶cmg~n cÖfve wbqš¿Y g~jK c`‡¶‡ci Zzjbvq AwaK AMÖvwaKvi cÖvß| GQvov cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs mvnvh¨ Ki‡e wba©viY Ki‡Z †h GKwU cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dc-cÖKí Zvi cÖfvemg~n wbimb A_ev Gwo‡q hvIqvi R‡b¨ cwi‡ekMZ AvPiYwewa (BwmIwc) AbymiY Ki‡e wKbv A_ev †mB Dc-cÖK‡íi Rb¨ h‡_vchy³ wbimb c`‡¶cmn ¯^Zš¿ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ AviI ch©v‡jvPbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e wKbv| 141. BwmIwc Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q ¯’vbxq Awaevmx I cwi‡e‡ki Kj¨v‡Y cwi‡ek evÜe wbg©vY Kvh©Kjvc cwiPvjbv Kiv wb¤œewY©Z cš’vq :  `~lY n«vm KiY  cÖwZ‡ek e¨e¯’v w¯’wZkxj KiY  mvs¯‹…wZK HwZn¨ msi¶Y  my‡hvM-myweav e„w× Kiv 142. cwi‡ekMZ AvPiYwewai g‡a¨ GgwWGmwci we‡ewPZ AeKvVv‡gv Dbœqbg~jK Kvh©vejxi GKwU ZvwjKv cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ wewfbœ welq wfwËK Kvh©vejxi eY©bv B‡mIwc‡Z i‡q‡Q| DbœqbK…Z BwmIwc Dc-cÖKí cwiPvjb msµvšÍ wb¤œewY©Z welq¸wj wbaviY Ki‡e: 1. cÖK‡íi cwiKíbv I wWRvBb ch©vqmg~n 2. mvBU cÖ¯‘wZ 3. wbg©vY wkwei 4. Lv` GjvKvmg~n 5. eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv 6. Rjvkq 88 7. cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb 8. ‡Wª‡bR 9. Rb¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv 10. mvgMÖx gRyZKiY, cwienb I e¨e¯’vcbv I 11. MvQcvjv| 143. GgwWGmwc Gi AvIZvq wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv Dc-cÖKí Gme welqvw`i c~Y©v½ A_ev AvswkK AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i| Dc- cÖKímg~‡ni wewfbœ Kvh©vejxi BwmIwc cwiwkó 5 G cÖ`wk©Z n‡jv| 144. wewfbœ Dc-cÖKí Dcvskmg~‡ni Rb¨ mvaviY ¸Yv¸Y Ges we‡kl ¸Yv¸Y e¨wZ‡i‡KI wb¤œewY©Z we‡kl cwi‡ekMZ avivmg~n (GmBwm) mvaviY/we‡kl ¸Yv¸‡Yi AvIZvq `icÎ msµvšÍ KvMRc‡Î AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e| Gme avivi j¶¨ n‡”Q BGgwc ev¯Íevq‡b Ges Ab¨vb¨ cwi‡ekMZ I wbivcËv msµvšÍ c`‡¶c MÖn‡Y wVKv`vi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kiv| 145. GB Pzw³i m‡½ mshy³ cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) Abyhvqx wVKv`vi hveZxq wbimb I Dbœqbg~jK `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb (evqy/kã/cvwb `~lY; †Wª‡bR/UªvwdK RU wbimb mn)| 146. wVKv`vi wbwðZ Ki‡e †h wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Avek¨Kxq mKj miÄvg I i¶vKeP †hgb- mvgwqK wmuwo gB, Xvj, gvPv, ivbGI‡q, †eov, myU BZ¨vw` h_vh_fv‡e wbwg©Z I ¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q wKbv, hv‡Z K‡i †m m‡ei e¨enviKvix kÖwgKiv A_ev †m¸wj bxP w`‡q A_ev cvk¦© w`‡q hviv PjvPj Ki‡e Zviv †hb Awbivc` cwiw¯’wZi gy‡LvgywL bv nq| : 1. wVKv`vi Zvi Kg©x‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËvi gvb Ggbfv‡e cÖwZcvjb I i¶v Ki‡eb †h Zv †hb RvZxq gvb`Û I AvBbMZ weavb A‡c¶v Kg bv nq| 2. cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î kÖwgK‡`i Dci †_‡K bx‡P c‡o hvIqv †iva Kivi Rb¨ wVKv`vi wbwðZ Ki‡eb †h cÖwZwU mvgwqK †d¬vi I‡cwbs G b~¨bc‡¶ 900 wgwg D”PZv wewkó †iwjs _vK‡e A_ev Aweivg cÖnivi e¨e¯’v _vK‡e, cÖwZwU †d¬vi †nvj †iwjs Ges Aweivg cÖnivi e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e| cÖwZwU †÷qviI‡q †d¬vi I‡cwbs b~¨bZg 900 wgwg D”PZv wewkó ‡iwjs w`‡q wN‡i w`‡Z n‡e Db¥y³ cÖv‡šÍ cÖwZwU j¨vWvi I‡q †d¬vi I‡cwbs A_ev cø¨vUdg© †iwjs w`‡q wN‡i w`‡Z n‡e; msjMœ f~wg †_‡K 1-2 wgUvi A_ev Zvi †ewk D”PZvq cÖwZwU †d¬vi Db¥y³ cÖvšÍwewkó A_ev cø¨vUd‡g©i Db¥y³ cÖv‡šÍ †iwjs w`‡Z n‡e| 3. wVKv`vi h‡_vchy³ cÖwZi¶vg~jK †cvlvK I miÄvgvw` mieiv‡ni e¨e¯’v Ki‡e Ges †m¸wji mwVK e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡e| cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î, wVKv`vi †mdwU †bU, †eë eg© I AvšÍi‡bi †hvMvb w`‡eb| Kvh© miÄvgvw`i Rb¨ wbivcËv Dc‡`k I wbivc` Pvj‡bi Rb¨ wbivcËv g~jK Dc‡`k Gi R‡b¨ wbw`©ó †ckvMZ ¯^v¯’¨ wbivcËv wb‡`©wkKv (mshy³) AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| 89 4. wVKv`vi mywbw`©ó I mycwiwPZ ¯’v‡b hveZxq cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv miÄvgvw`, Jla mieivn Ges Ab¨v b¨ mswkøó myweavw` mieivn I msi¶Y Ki‡eb| cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß cÖwk¶YcÖvß e¨w³ mve©¶wYK Dcw¯’Z ivLv Avek¨K n‡e| 5. wVKv`vi‡K kÖwgK‡`i Kg©¯’‡j †hLv‡b SzuwK Gov‡bv A_ev Kgv‡bv hv‡e bv †mLv‡b Aek¨B wbivcËv Ges ¯^v¯’¨ ms‡K‡Zi h‡_vchy³ e¨e¯’v MÖnY I wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| 6. mvB‡U wbw`©ó †h †Kvb `yN©Ubv ev A¯^vfvweK A_ev AcÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ‡Z m¤¢ve¨ weNœ m„wó Ki‡e wKbv Zv wVKv`vi cÖ‡KŠkjx‡K `ª”Z I wjwLZfv‡e Rvbv‡eb| 1. cÖ‡KŠkj ev wePvi wefvMxq wewae× KZ©„c¶ KZ©„K Abby‡gvw`Z †h †Kvb RvqMvq eR©¨ ivwek ev AvcwËKi e¯‘ wVKv`vi †dj‡Z cvi‡eb bv| wVKv`vi †h †Kv‡bv Rjvav‡i †Zj, KwVb e¯‘, †bvsiv A_ev fvmgvb e¯‘ wb‡¶c Ki‡eb bv| 2. wVKv`vi miKvwi ev †emiKvwi moK cwi¯‹vi ivL‡Z wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨eüZ hvbevnb ev miÄvgvw`i wbM©gb ev wb:mibK…Z `~lY e‡R©¨i hyw³m½Z c~e©mZK©Zv MÖnY Ki‡eb| 3. mvBU Kvh©vjq I ¶Y¯’vqx kÖwgK †k‡W kÖwgK/Kg©Pvix‡`i R‡b¨ wVKv`vi‡`i †mwbUvix cvqLvbv ev †mcwUK U¨v¼ e¨e¯’v wbg©vY A_ev gvbeweôv Acmvi‡bi Rb¨ enb‡hvM¨ †Kweb Uq‡jU ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e,wVKv`vi‡`i h_vh_ ¯’v‡b (c&ª‡KŠkjx KZ©„K wb‡`©wkZ)KwVb eR©¨ msMÖn‡b eR©¨ Szwo/cv‡Îi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e,Ges ¯’vbxq miKvix KZ…©c‡¶i mnvqZvq KwVb e‡R¨©i h_vh_ ¯’vbvšÍi/cwiZ¨v‡Ri wbwðZKiY Ki‡Z n‡e| : 4. cÖvK…wZK f~wg‡Z MZ© Lb‡bi mg‡q wVKv`vi‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cÖ_‡g 300 GgGg †_‡K 400 GgGg ch©šÍ Dcwifv‡M gvwU Lbb Kiv nq Ges M‡Z©i GK cv‡k¦© Zv gRy` Kiv nq Ges Aewkó LbbK…Z gvwU Avjv`vfv‡e/Ab¨cv‡k¦© gRy` Kiv nq hv‡Z K‡i M‡Z©i e¨vK wdwjs-Gi mgq Dcwifv‡Mi gvwU Avevi Dc‡iB ¯’vcb Kiv hvq| 147. cwi‡ekMZ cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨ mg~‡ni eY©bv ev‡RU cÖYq‡b Ges cieZ©x ch©v‡q Gme welq `icÎ `wj‡j AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z we‡ewPZ n‡e| cwi‡ekMZ Kv‡Ri R‡b¨ m`„k wej Ae ‡KvqvbwUwU (weIwKD) cwiwkó-7 G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| wbg©vY Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ, ¸YMZ gvb wbiƒc‡Yi j‡¶¨ `„k¨gvb cÖwZ”Qwe cÖ`vb Ges ZË¡veav‡bi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ GjwRBwWi cÖ‡KŠkjxe„›` I wek¦ e¨vsK wU‡gi cwi`k©b msL¨v I †cŠY:cywYKZv gwbUi Kivi Rb¨ GKK e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e GgwWGmwc-2 Gi `¶Zv e„w×i j‡¶ AvBwmwU gwbUwis cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e| AskMÖnYg~jK cÖK‡íi AMÖMwZ I Awbqg Ges gšÍe¨ cÖ`vb DcvË I msMÖ‡ni ev¯ÍewfwËK gwbUwis †KŠkj ¯§vU©‡dvb wbf©i AvBwmwU cø¨vUd‡g© AšÍf©y³ AvBwmwU cø¨vUd‡g© ¯^qswµqfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i ZvwiL I mgq Ges DcvË I Av‡jvKwPÎ cÖ`v‡b wRwcGm mnvqZv K‡i †h¸wj Pvwn`vi wfwˇZ AbjvBb WvUv‡eB‡R m¤úªPvi Kiv nq| †gvevBj I B›Uvi‡bU ewnf©~Z †fŠMwjK GjvKvq Pvwn`v †dvb ‡g‡gvwi‡Z msiw¶Z _v‡K Ges cieZ©x mg‡q m¤úªPvwiZ nq| AbjvBb WvUv †eBR ‰ea e¨enviKvix‡`i cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e †hLv‡b wi‡cvU©¸wj mxwgZ ivLv n‡e AvkÖq†K›`ª¯’‡j cvi¯úvwiK gvbwP‡Î hv †`Lv hv‡e| AvBwmwU gwbUwis we¯ÍvwiZ I ev¯ÍevbyM cÖKí m¤úv`‡bi w¯’i wPÎvejx mxwgZ m¤ú‡`i cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mnRvZfv‡e wPwýZ msKUgq AvkÖq 90 †K›`ª¸wji Dci ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡i, wbg©vY cÖwµqvi ¯^”QZv ¯’vcb K‡i Ges cwi`k©b wUg I wVKv`vi‡`i AbycÖvwYZ K‡i| 148. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ cwi‡ek wbiƒc‡Yi gvÎvgvb wbY©q K‡i Ges GgwWGmwci AvIZvq wewfbœ Dc-cÖKí mg~‡ni wewae× Pvwn`v I ev¯Íevq‡bi BGi ch©‡e¶‡Y e¨eüZ nq| 1. GjwRBwW cwi‡ek AvbyK~j¨ ch©‡e¶‡Y `vqx _vK‡e Ges mvgwMÖK cÖKí cwi‡ek AvbyK~j¨ ZË¡veavb Ki‡e| GjwRBwW KZ©„K Pzw³e× civgk©KMY cÖKí D‡`¨v³v‡K GB eva¨evaKZv †g‡b †g‡b Pj‡Z mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| 2. GB BGgGd wbwðZKi‡Y ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v AbymiY Ki‡e mswkøó miKvwi wewagvjv (weavb, AwW©b¨vÝ, AvBb BZ¨vw`) Ges wek¦e¨vsK cwiPvjbv bxwZgvjv I wb‡`©wkKv| 3. GjwRBwW cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii wbKU BGgGd †ck K‡i †m¸wji ch©v‡jvPbv I m¤§wZi Rb¨| 4. GjwRBwW Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq Kgy¨wbwUi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡e| 5. cwi‡ekMZfv‡e msiw¶Z I msKUgq GjvKvq Ges bvwjkx m¤úwË A_ev Dbœqb Kí Rwg‡Z ev Rwgi mwbœK‡U cÖK‡íi †Kv‡bv Kvh©vejx cwiPvwjZ n‡e bv| 6. eZ©gv‡bi cwi‡ekMZ AvPiYwewa (Bwmwc) Abyhvqx cÖK‡íi mKj Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ n‡e| 7. wRWvBb I mycviwfkb civgk©K KZ©„K h_vh_fv‡e cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs n‡”Q wKsev Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e GjwRBwW| 8. wWRvBb civgk©K wbwðZ Ki‡eb †h cwi‡ek m¤úwK©Z welqvw`‡Z ch©vß bRi †`qv n‡”Q| GB †cÖw¶‡Z mKj Dc- cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cÖv°jb e¨q mn cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (BGgwc) cwiPvwjZ n‡e | 9. `icÎ msµvšÍ KvMRcÎ ˆZix Ki‡eb wWRvBb civgk©K I GmBGgwc AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e| mvaviY BwmIwc, cÖvmw½K cwi‡ek aviv, mvBU wfwËK BGgwc iPbv Ges BGgwc e¨q `icÎ `wj‡ji mswkøó avivq AšÍf©y³ n‡Z n‡e| 10. BGgwc ev¯Íevqb Ki‡eb wVKv`vi Ges ZË¡veavb Ki‡eb wWRvBb civgk©K Ges gwbUwis Ki‡eb e¨e¯’vcbv civgk©K| 91 149. Dc-cÖK‡íi mvBUmg~n wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae¯’v‡b hv‡Z K‡i AwZ `wi`ª, bvix, DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô, mbvZb msL¨vjNy m¤úª`vq, cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvwô, cÖwZeÜx BZ¨vw` mn mgv‡Ri `yt¯’ gvby‡liv N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡n †h‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨| ¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb 2009 Abymv‡i ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvwôi ¶gZvqb Kiv n‡q‡Q hv‡Z K‡i Zviv Dbœqb Kg©m~wPmg~‡ni e¨vcv‡i wm×všÍ MÖnY, ev¯Íevqb I gwbUi Ki‡Z m¶g nq| Z`vbyhvqx Dc-cÖKí Pµmg~‡ni gva¨‡g AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvmg~‡ni Dbœq‡bi Dci ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| 150. ¯’vbxq miKvi AvBbmg~n Ges Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb (2009) ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i †h Dbœqb Kg©m~wPmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Z_¨ cÖev‡ni †¶‡Î Zv‡`i AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges GjwRBwWmn miKvwi cÖwZôvbmg~n Z_¨vw` Rbmg‡¶ Zz‡j ai‡Z eva¨ _vK‡e| Gi d‡j ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’vmg~‡ni g‡a¨ Av¯’v Dbœq‡bi cwi‡ek m„wó n‡e Ges Zv c×wZ kw³kvjxKi‡Y wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v M‡o Zzj‡e| Dc-cÖKí welqK Z_¨vw` Rbmg‡¶ Zz‡j aiv n‡e mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs/wbiƒcY wi‡cvU© mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv Ges †¶Î we‡k‡l cybe©vmb Kg© cwiKíbv Ges/A_ev Dc-RvZxq Rb‡Mvwô Dbœqb cwiKíbv mn| 151. bvMwiK‡`i AskMÖnY I ¯^”QZv Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ cÖKíwU mvgvwRK Revew`wnZv DcKiYmg~n ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e| DbœqbK…Z ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e e¨q mn mKj Kvh©Kjv‡ci Z_¨vw` AvkÖq†K›`ª I AvkÖq†K›`ªvwfgy‡L ms‡hvM mo‡Ki cvk¦©eZ©x GjvKvq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I Rb mgvM‡gi ¯’vbmg~‡n cwi‡ekb Kiv, gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq ¯’vbxq Rb mvavi‡Yi AskMÖnY Ges cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb ch©v‡q wi‡cvwU©s AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ mnR dig¨vU cÖ‡qvM Kiv| wbw`©ó c`‡¶cmg~n MÖnY Kiv n‡e (1) mydj †fv³v, ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³ Ges Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìvi KZ©„K mbv³K…Z mgm¨vw` m¤ú‡K© cÖKí Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvix‡`i‡K mZK© Kivi j‡¶¨ civgk©, wdWe¨vK I Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËi †KŠkj mg~n; (2) cÖKíwU mydj †fv³v‡`i Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv; Ges (3) mgm¨vw` mbv³Ki‡Yi j‡¶¨ AskMÖnYg~jK gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb| 152. ¯’vbxq Awaevmx, ¯’vbxq miKvwi cÖkvmb I ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni m‡½ Av‡jvPbv mv‡c‡¶ GjwRBwW AvkÖq†K›`ª mvBUmg~n I ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni Rb¨ Rwg msMÖ‡ni j‡¶¨ mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (GmGgwc) cÖYqb I ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e | Pzw³e× wWRvBb I ZË¡veavb civgk©KMY GmGgwc Dbœq‡b GjwRBwW‡K mnvqK cÖ`vb Ki‡e| evQvB cÖwµqv P~ovšÍ Kiv n‡e mydj‡fv³v †Mvwôi m‡½ civgk© K‡i hv‡Z K‡i cÖfvekvjx e¨w³‡`i n¯Í‡ÿc I cÖZ¨vnvi Gov‡bv m¤¢e nq| cyi‡KŠkjMZ Kvh©Kjv‡ci Pzw³ m¤úv`‡bi c~‡e© ev¯Íevq‡bi m¤§wZ I ch©v‡jvPbvi j‡¶¨ GjwRBwW GmGgwc cÖm‡½ e¨vs‡Ki m‡½ gZ wewbgq Ki‡e| 153. GgwWGmwc-Gi mvgwMÖK Dbœqb j¶¨ n‡”Q cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡Mi Kvi‡Y DcK~jxq RbM‡Yi `~‡f©vM jvNe Kiv| j¶¨mg~n AR©‡bi cÖavb ZrciZv hLb ¯’vcbvwfwËK c`‡¶c n‡q _v‡K, ZLb ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvwôi wPšÍvi welq nq wbg©vY Kv‡Ri ¸YMZ gvb, AvkÖq†K›`ª fe‡bi AvK…wZ Ges AvkÖq†K›`ª I ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni Rxeb Kvj| †hvMv‡hvM I AskMÖnYg~jK †KŠkj RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY DrmvwnZ K‡i KviY ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvwô n‡”Q Dc-cÖK‡íi cwiKíbv I gwbUwis cÖwµqvi Ask we‡kl| G †KŠkj `yB Zidv †hvMv‡hvM cÖeZ©b K‡i GKwU †UKmB `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ AwfÁZv I `¶Zv wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g| GjwRBwW cÖKí m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vw` ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i m‡½ wewbgq Ki‡e Ges mvBU wbe©vPb, Rwg msMÖn, cyi‡KŠkjMZ wWRvBb Ges wbg©vY Kv‡Ri wmwWDj m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i m‡½ Zvrch©c~Y© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| †hvMv‡hvM I AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e (1) cÖPvi I civgk© mfv (2) Dc-cÖKí msµvšÍ 92 wjd‡jU I cybe©vmb cyw¯ÍKv weZi‡Yi cÖ¯‘wZ, hLb †hfv‡e cÖ‡qvRb Ges (3) cwiKíbv wWRvBb I ev¯Íevqb Kv‡j Pvwn`vi wfwˇZ gvV cwi`k©b| mvBU wbe©vPb, Dc-cÖKí wWRvBb I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ civgk© cÖwµqv †_‡K cÖvß wdWe¨v‡Ki Dci h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| BDwbqb ch©v‡q `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi AvIZvq AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni myweavw`i e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi cwiPvjb I i¶Yv‡e¶Y cÖwµqvq ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i AskMÖnY Kvw•LZ n‡e| cÖKí GjvKvq AvkÖq†K›`ª AeKvVv‡gvmg~‡ni PvweKvVx n‡e civg‡k©i gva¨‡g mydj‡fv³v‡`i AskMÖnY I wdWe¨vK| wWRvBb I wbg©vYKv‡Ri ¸YMZgvb wbqš¿‡Yi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i‡K msMwVZ I AewnZ Kiv n‡e| 154. Awf‡hvM wbim‡bi j‡ÿ cÖKíwU Awf‡hv‡M mvov cÖ`vb msµvšÍ GKwU †KŠkj (wRAviGg) D™¢veb Ki‡e hvi gva¨‡g cÖKí wWRvBb Ges mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n wbiƒcY I wbim‡bi Rb¨ GB KvVv‡gvq M„wnZ wb‡`©wkKv cÖ‡qv‡M †h †Kvb Awbqg m¤ú‡K© bvwjk I Awf‡hvM msµvšÍ wRÁvm¨ wel‡q Reve `vb, cÖ¯Ívebv MÖnY I cÖwZKv‡ii e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡e| HK¨g‡Zi wfwˇZ G c×wZ †h †Kv‡bv mgm¨v/weev‡`i m‡šÍvlRbK I `ª”Z mgvavb cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ges we¶z× e¨w³‡`i‡K e¨qeûj I Kvj‡¶cbKvix AvBbx e¨e¯’vi kiYvcbœ nIqv †_‡K i¶v Ki‡e| Z‡e cÖwµqvwU †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K Av`vj‡Zi Øvi¯’ nIqvi AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ Ki‡e bv| Awf‡hv‡M mviv cÖ`vb msµvšÍ †K›`ªwe›`y _vK‡e AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni msjMœ GjvKvi BDwbqb A_ev †cŠimfvq Ges GjwRBwWi Aax‡b cÖKí ¯Í‡i| GKwU Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË KwgwU (wRAviwm) MwVZ n‡e cÖwZwU Dc-cÖK‡í Ges Zv‡K KZ©„Z¡ †`qv n‡e Dc-cÖKí ¯Í‡i hveZxq cÖ¯Ívebv I Awf‡hvM †`Lv‡kvbv Kivi Rb¨| Awf‡hv‡M mvov cÖ`vb msµvšÍ cÖwµqvi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY cwiwkó 10 G cÖ`Ë n‡jv| 155. A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ cwiw¯’wZi D™¢e nq| hLb cÖKímg~‡ni AwZwi³ f~wgi cÖ‡qvRb nq hvi cwiYwZ‡Z mvgwqKfv‡e A_ev ¯’vqxfv‡e gvby‡li †fŠZ I A_©‰bwZK ¯’vbvšÍiKi‡Yi KviY N‡U| †m‡¶‡Î †Kv‡bv AeKvVv‡gvi eZ©gvb f~wgmxgvi m¤úªmviY Kvw•LZ mydj AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ Dbœqb ZrciZvi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask n‡q `uvovq, †m‡¶‡Î GjwRBwW wb¤œewY©Z wb‡`©wkKv Abymi‡Y miKvwi Ges e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg msMÖn K‡i _v‡K| 1. D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni wbR¯^ Rwg| bZzb N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY A_ev †Kv‡bv we`¨gvb AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Avbyf~wgK m¤úªmvi‡Yi Rb¨ D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^ Db¥y³ Rwg _vK‡j GjwRBwW G ai‡bi AeKvVv‡gvi Rb¨ mvBU mbv³ 93 Ki‡e| miKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjqmg~n RvZxq AeKvVv‡gvi Rb¨ Rwg m¤úª`v‡b AMÖvwaKvi cÖvß cÖwZôvb| bZzb feb wbg©v‡Yi e¨envi‡hvM¨ Rwg i‡q‡Q Ggb D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZix Ki‡e GjwRBwW Ges cÖv_wgK I MYwk¶v gš¿Yvj‡qi KvQ †_‡K AbvcwË msµvšÍ QvocÎ msMÖn Ki‡e| †emiKvwi cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq A_ev Ab¨vb¨ †emiKvwi/Kgy¨wbwU cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni †¶‡Î wPwýZ Rwg mvB‡Ui Rb¨ P~ovšÍKi‡Yi c~‡e© cÖv_wgK I MYwk¶v gš¿Yvj‡qi wbKU n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. miKvwi Rwg : AvkÖq†K›`ª A_ev moK wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ miKvwi Rwg hLb weËevb e¨w³‡`i cÖ‡qvRb e¨eüZ n‡Z _v‡K Ges cieZ©x‡Z Zvi e¨envi ¯’wMZ n‡q †M‡j hw` Av_©-mvgvwRK ¶wZ nq, †m‡¶‡Î GjwRBwW Ges ¯’vbxq Awaevmxiv Zv‡`i‡K †mB Rwgi gvwjKvbv cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z ivwR Kiv‡bvi D‡`¨vM wb‡Z cv‡i Ges Zviv ivwR bv n‡j weKí Rwgi mÜvb Ki‡Z cv‡i| hLb G RvZxq Rwg `wi`ª I `y:¯’ R‡biv Avevmb Ges/A_ev RxweKvi ¯^v‡_© e¨envi K‡i, ZLb GjwRBwW I mydj‡fv³viv Zv MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †Kej ¶wZMÖšÍ e¨w³‡`i Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ Av_©- mvgvwRK cybe©vmb c`‡¶‡ci Av‡qvR‡bi gva¨‡g| Z‡e eZ©gvb e¨enviKvix‡`i GLwZqvi _vK‡e †Kv‡bv iKg weiƒc cwibv‡gi AvksKv †_‡K gy³ †_‡K Rwgi e¨envi †_‡K m‡I hvIqv, Zv bv n‡j Rwgi `Lj Qvo‡Z A¯^xKvi Kivi| AviGwc cÖYqb I ev¯Íevqb Kiv n‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb Ges RxweKv cybiæ×v‡ii j‡¶¨| 3. e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwgi Hw”QK m¤úª`vb : AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~n Ges AvkÖq †K›`ªvwfgyLx ms‡hvM moKmg~n †h‡nZz DcK~jxq Rb†Mvwôi `y‡h©vM msKU jvNe Kivi j‡¶¨ RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v wfwËK AeKvVv‡gv, †m‡nZz mswkøó f~wg gvwjK, ivwR nIqv mv‡c‡¶, Rwgi g~j¨ Ges wek¦ e¨vsK A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ Iwc 4.12 m¤ú‡K© mg¨K aviYv mv‡c‡¶ ¶wZc~iY e¨wZ‡i‡K Rwg m¤úª`v‡bi B”Qv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e GjwRBwW GB g‡g© wbwðZ Ki‡e †h, 1. m¤úª`v‡bi Ae`vb Hw”QK; 2. m¤úª`vbK…Z Rwg `vqgy³; 3. m¤úª`v‡bi Kvi‡Y `yt¯’ RbM‡Yi RxweKvi †Kv‡bv ¶wZ n‡e bv, hw` ¶wZ nq Zvn‡j GjwRBwW Ges/A_ev ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i‡K wbimbg~jK c`‡¶‡ci Av‡qvRb I ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e hv ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e 4. cÖK‡íi Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© Rwg`vbKvix‡`i AewnZ Ki‡Z n‡e; 5. Rwg `vZvMY‡K Rwgi mKj `vwe cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †`‡ki AvBbx cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g Rwgi ¯^Ë¡bvgv cÖvc‡Ki Kv‡Q n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv n‡e| 6. Hw”QK m¤úª`vb GKwU mg‡SvZv ¯§vi‡Ki gva¨‡g cÖvgvY¨KiY Kiv n‡e (cwiwkó - 15 `ªóe¨)| 4. mivmwi µq A_ev wewbgq A_ev ¶wZc~iY mv‡c‡¶ Ae`vb-Gi †emiKvwi Rwg : Rwg gvwjKiv weËevb n‡j Hw”QK m¤úª`vb AwaKZi m¤¢eci nq, wKš‘ Zviv msL¨vq AwZ Aí| Z‡e ¸iæZi msK‡Ui ‡¶‡Î Hw”QK m¤úª`vb m¤¢e bv n‡j, GjwRBwW D‡`¨vM MÖnYKvix cÖwZôvb Ges ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i‡K DØy×wPZ Ki‡Z cv‡i AvMÖnx †µZv I AvMÖnx we‡µZvi wfwˇZ mivmwi Rwg µ‡qi Rb¨| GQvov weKí e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e Rwgi gvwjKiv ¶wZc~iY mv‡c‡¶ A_ev Ab¨Î Abyiƒc Rwgi m‡½ wewbgq mv‡c‡¶ Rwg cÖ`v‡bi B”Qv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| Rwg gvwjKiv †h †Kv‡bv cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †Kv‡bv iKg weiƒc cwiYwZi AvksKv e¨wZ‡i‡K Rwgi g~j¨ hvPvB A_ev weµq/Ae`v‡b A¯^xK…wZ Rvbv‡bvi AwaKvi iv‡Lb| 5. †emiKvwi Rwg AwaMÖn‡Yi ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM : †h‡¶‡Î Hw”QK Ae`vb A_ev mivmwi µq m¤¢eci bq, A_P mswkøó RwgwU LyeB cÖ‡qvRb †m‡¶‡Î GjwRBwW AvBbx cÖwµqv cÖ‡qv‡M Rwg AwaMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ 94 wek¦e¨vsK cwiPvjbbxwZ (Iwc 4.12) cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e Ges AviGwc cÖYqb I ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e| f~wg AwaMÖnY msµvšÍ cÖwµqv AMÖfv‡MB ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i f~wg AwaMÖnYKvix Dc-cÖKí mg‡ni ev¯Íevqb h_vmg‡q m¤úbœ nq| 156. Hw”QK m¤úª`v‡bi †¶‡Î GjwRBwW‡K (1) wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h f~wg gvwjKiv Ges ¯’vbxq Awaevmxiv Zv‡`i AwaKvi I eva¨evaKZv m¤ú‡K© m¤ú~Y© m‡PZb i‡q‡Q; (2) cÖZ¨qb Ki‡Z n‡e †h m¤úª`v‡bi welqwU mZ¨B Hw”QK; Ges (3) wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h m¤úª`vbKvix cÖK…Zc‡¶B Rwgi ˆea gvwjK Ges Rwg eve` †Kv‡bv e‡Kqv Ki †bB A_ev gvwjKvbvi cÖ‡kœ †Kv‡bv weev` †bB| পু 157. A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ wek¦e¨vsK Iwc 4.12 Gi AvbyK~‡j¨ f~wg AwaMÖnY I A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb RwbZ weiƒc cÖfvemg~n †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ 1982 mv‡ji AwW©b¨vÝ 2 ch©vß bq| AwW©b¨v‡Ý ÿwZMÖ¯Í cwievimg~n / e¨emvi cybe©vmb A_ev ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i RxweKv cybiæ×v‡ii Rb¨ †Kv‡bv cÖKvi mnvqZv `v‡bi e¨e¯’v †bB| f~wg AwaMÖnY †mBRb¨ AeKvVv‡gv cÖKímg~n MÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y ÿwZMÖ¯Í K…wlwbf©i cwievimg~‡ni Drcv`‡bi wfwË `viæYfv‡e n«vm cvq Ges hviv †fŠZ A_©‰bwZKfv‡e ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq Zviv `vwi`ª¨ SzuwKi gy‡LvgywL nq| †h‡nZz AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv A‰bw”QK cybe©vm‡bi †¶‡Î wek¦e¨vs‡Ki Iwc 4.12-Gi kZ©vejx c~iY K‡I bv, †mBRb¨ cÖKíwU e¨vs‡Ki Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi j‡¶¨ wb¤œewY©Z AwZwi³ †KŠkjvw` cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e : 1. cybe©vm‡bi cwinvi A_ev n«vm Kiv : AvB‡bi AvIZvq A‡nZzK f~wg AwaMÖnY †Kej cÖ”Qbœfv‡e AbyrmvwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hgb- G D‡Ï‡k¨ AwaMÖnYK…Z Rwg Ab¨ D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨envi Kiv hv‡e bv| Z‡e welqwU cÖK…Z c‡¶ gvb¨ Kiv n‡”Q wKbv Zv gwbUi Kivi †Kv‡bv †KŠkj bvB| 2. ¶wZ c~i‡Yi †hvM¨Zv : AvB‡bi AvIZvq †Kej H mg¯Í e¨w³i Rb¨ ¶wZc~i‡Yi weavb i‡q‡Q hviv f~wg cÖkvm‡bi †iK‡W© gvwjK wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| wKš‘ A‰ea `Lj`vi‡`i AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb Kiv nq wb| †h Rwg‡Z Zviv emevm K‡i A_ev RxweKv AR©b K‡i Zvi ¯^Ë¡vwaKv‡ii cÖ‡kœ Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv ˆeaZv †bB| 3. ¶wZc~iY : AvB‡bi AvIZvq Rwg Ges Rwgi Dc‡i wbwg©Z I Drcvw`Z Ab¨vb¨ e¯‘i (¯’vcbv, MvQcvjv I d‡jv`¨vb, km¨ Ges Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb mn‡hvMx cyKzi BZ¨vw`) Rb¨ ¶wZc~i‡Yi weavb i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i †nvKbv Zviv ˆea ¯^Ë¡vwaKvix wKsev A‰ea `Lj`vi, fvovwUqv Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨emvi Kg©Pvix, Zv‡`i nviv‡bv DcvR©b A_ev DcvR©‡bi Dr‡mi wbiƒcY I cybiæ×v‡ii †Kv‡bv e¨e¯’v †bB| 95 4. ¶wZc~i‡Yi gvb`Û : hw`I AvB‡b ejv n‡q‡Q †h AwaMÖnYK…Z Rwgi evRvi `i n‡”Q b¨vh¨ ¶wZc~iY, wKš‘ AvBbMZ ÿwZcyiY wbiƒcY c×wZ Abyhvqx me mg‡q †`Lv hvq †h Rwgi g~j¨ evRvi `i A‡c¶v A‡bK Kg (6) g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi KwZcq gvb`Û, †h¸wj Aev¯Íe e‡j cÖZxqgvb nq, cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡”Q ¯’vcbv I wewea cÖwZwôZ mywe`vwa, MvQcvjv, km¨ BZ¨vw` ¶wZ wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨| 5. cwievimg~n I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vcbvi cyb:¯’vcb : hv‡`i ev¯ÍwfUv AwaMÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q A_ev hv‡`i Avevmb¯’j A_ev RxweKv ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i cyb:¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ A_ev cyb: ¯’vc‡bi mnvqZvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv †bB| G ai‡bi e¨w³ cwievi‡K †nvK bv Zviv ¯^Ë¡vwaKvix A_ev A‰ea `Lj`vi, Zv‡`i wbqwZi Dci †Q‡o †`qv n‡q‡Q| 6. ¶wZc~iY cÖ`v‡bi wbðqZv : f~wg AwaMÖnYKvix KZ©„c¶ KZ©„K KvMRcÎ wbix¶v mv‡c‡¶ f~wg gvwjK (A_ev †iv‡q`v` MÖnYKvix) mbv³ Kivi ci Zv‡`i Kv‡Q AvBbMZ †bwUk ‡cÖiY K‡i ¶wZc~iY Av`v‡qi `vwe Rvbv‡Z civgk© †`q| ÿwZMÖ¯Í f~wg gvwj‡Ki `vwqZ¡ n‡e GKvwaK KvMRcÎ `vwLj K‡i cÖgvY Kiv †h AwaMÖnYK…Z Rwg ˆea gvwjK ZvivB| †h‡nZz GB mg¯Í KvMRcÎ msMÖn Kiv LyeB e¨qeûj I RwUj e¨vcvi, †mBRb¨ A‡bK f~wg gvwjKB ¶wZc~iY `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (7) 7. Av_©-mvgvwRK cybe©vmb : AwaMÖnY cieZ©xKv‡j ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³ I cwievieM© †h `xN© †gqv`x Av_©-mvgvwRK cwieZ©‡bi wkKvi n‡e †m e¨vcv‡i AvB‡bi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv D‡jøL †bB| cyb:¯’vwcZ e¨w³‡`i A_©‰bwZK cybe©vmb I mvgvwRK cyb:mgš^q e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb cÖm½ AvB‡b †bB| (6) AvBb Abymv‡i BDwbU A_ev †gŠRv ch©v‡qi f~wg cÖkvmb KZ©„K Rwgi ˆewkó¨ wePv‡i evRvi `i wn‡me Kiv nq wZb aviv †bvwUk Rvwi n‡Z weMZ GK eQ‡ii †iKW©K…Z weµq g~‡j¨i M‡oi wfwˇZ| wKš‘ GK_v me©Rb¯^xK…Z †h wba©viYK…Z `i cÖK…Z evRvi `‡ii mgZyj¨ nq bv| †h‡nZz/AwaMÖnY g~j¨ weµq Ki Gov‡bvi j‡¶¨ cÖvqkB A‡bKLvwb Kg †`Lv‡bv nq †mBRb¨ AvBbMZ ¶wZc~iY wbiƒcY cÖK…Z evRvi `i A‡c¶v A‡bK Kg n‡q hvq| (7) eZ©gvb f~wg cÖkvmb e¨e¯’vq, hv †m‡K‡j e‡j e¨vcKfv‡e cwiwPZ, Rwgi †jb‡`b cjøx A‡j Am¤ú~Y© †_‡K hvq| weµq/µ‡qi c‡iI ¯^Ë¡vwaKvi ˆeafv‡e Kvh©Ki i‡q hvq| we‡µZv wgD‡Ukb bv nIqv ch©šÍ ˆea †iKW©mg~‡n gvwjK wn‡m‡eB †_‡K hvq| Rwgi †jb‡`b cÖwµqv †h‡nZz RwUj Ges e¨q eûj Ges †Kej ¯^Ë¡ `wjj m¤úvw`Z n‡jB Rwg e¨env‡ii ixwZ cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q, †ewki fvM Rwgi †jb‡`bB ¯^Z¡ `wjj ewnf©~Z Ab¨vb¨ cÖwµqv e¨wZ‡i‡K Kvh©Ki nq| A‡bK Rwg †µZviv Rv‡bB bv †h wgD‡Ukb wK A_ev Gi ¸iæZ¡ K‡ZvLvwb| 158. cÖKí cybe©vmb bxwZ KvVv‡gvi AvIZvq ¶wZc~iY I mnvqZv jv‡fi †hvM¨ e¨w³eM© I †Mvwômg~n n‡”Q (1) ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rwg I Ab¨vb¨ m¤úwËi ˆea ¯^Ë¡vwaKvi/mg‡SvZv Pzw³ wfwËK gvwjK, (2) miKvwi/Lvm Rwg e¨enviKvix A‰ea `Lj`vi/AbycÖ‡ekKvix (8) ; (3) miKvwi/Lvm Rwg e¨enviKvix Dbœqb Kg©m~Pxi D‡`¨v³v/mydj‡fvMxiv †hgb, mvgvwRK/Kgy¨wbwU wfwËK ebvqb Ges Av_©-mvgvwRKfv‡e `y:¯’ Rb‡Mvwôi Rb¨ f~wg wbf©i Avq ea©bKvix Kg©m~wP; (4) A‡b¨i Rwg bó bv Kivi k‡Z© AwaKvi †fvMKvix e¨w³eM©; Ges (5) ¯’vbxq Awaevmx/‡Mvwô hv‡`i Dci †MvwôMZ cÖfve c‡o‡Q| 96 159. cÖK‡íi AvIZvq ¶wZc~iY I mnvqZv jv‡fi Rb¨ ¯^xK…Z ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i †hvM¨Zv wb¤œiƒc : 1. ev¯‘ywfUv, K…wl I Ab¨vb¨ Rwg, cyKzi I Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb mnvqK ¯’vcbvmn e¨w³gvwjKvbvaxb Rwg AwaMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e evRvi Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g wba©vwiZ e`jx e¨q-Gi wfwˇZ| 2. mKj ÿwZMÖ¯Í A-f~wg m¤úwË †hgb, Ni-evwo I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vcbv, MvQcvjv, †gŠmygx I kvk¦Z km¨, djR evMvb I Ab¨vb¨ g~j¨evb A¯’vei e¯‘i AwaKvi Pz¨wZi mg‡q cyb:¯’vcb e¨‡qi wfwˇZ ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| 3. ¶wZc~iY I mnvqZvi Rb¨ †hvM¨Zv we‡ewPZ n‡e KvU-Ad ZvwiLmg~‡ni wfwˇZ| Gme ZvwiL n‡”Q H mg¯Í w`b hLb ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³eM© I Zv‡`i m¤úwËi wZb aviv †bvwUk I ïgvix Kiv n‡e| KvU-Ad Zvwi‡Li c‡i wbwg©Z Ni-evwo/¯’vcbv I Ab¨vb¨ Abyiƒc m¤úwËi Rb¨ ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³eM© A_ev †Mvwômg~n ¶wZc~i‡Yi A‡hvM¨ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e| (8) evsjv‡`k miKvi A_ev Zvi †Kv‡bv mswkøó ms¯’vi m‡½ AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v e¨wZ‡i‡K †Kv‡bv cwievi A_ev e¨w³ miKvwi Rwg `Lj K‡i ivL‡j Zv‡`i‡K Rwgi A‰ea `Lj`vi ejv n‡e| wbR¯^ Rwgi msjMœ miKvwi Rwg/euva A_ev Ab¨Î †Kv‡bv Rwg A‰eafv‡e `Lj Ki‡j Zv‡`i‡K ejv n‡e AbycÖ‡ekKvix| 4. AwaMÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y †hLv‡b ev¯‘ywfUv †_‡K ¯’vbvšÍKi‡Yi cÖkœ †`Lv †`‡e Ges †m‡¶‡Î ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i f~wgi ¯^Ë¡vwaKvi _vK‡ZI cv‡i A_ev bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i, †m‡¶‡Î cÖKí †_‡K cyb:¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ Drmvn ¶wZc~iY I mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| AvZ¥‡Póvq cyb:¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ Ges †gŠwjK mvgvwRK I †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡e| 5. cÖKí ZrciZv †hLv‡b ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’vi (GjwRBwWi Rwg A_ev D‡`¨vMMÖnYKvix cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^ Rwg) wbR¯^ Rwg‡Z emevmKvix †eAvBbx `Lj`vi/AbycÖ‡ekKvix cyY:¯’vc‡bi wkKvi nq, ZLb ¶wZc~iY †`qv n‡e Zv‡`i gvwjKvbvaxb †fŠZ m¤ú‡`i Dci (¯’vcbv MvQcvjv km¨ Kbv I k¦vkZ m¤úwË)| 6. miÄvgvw`, hš¿cvwZ Ges †m¸‡jvi LÛvsk/Dcv`vbmg~‡ni g‡Zv m¤úwË †h¸wji wbiveiY I AcmviY m¤¢e, Zv ¶wZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e bv| Z‡e eZ©gvb evRvi `‡ii wfwˇZ gvwjKMY‡K wbiveiY I AcmviY eve` A_© cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| 7. ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨emv gvwjKMY‡K Zv‡`i Av‡qi mvgwqK ¶wZi Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e cyb:¯’vc‡bi mvB‡U bZzb K‡i e¨emv ïiæi mgq ch©šÍ| Z‡e †Kv‡bv e¨emv †hwU ïgvix cÖwZ‡e`‡b ewY©Z Av‡Q wKš‘ eÜ n‡q †M‡Q ev AcmvwiZ n‡q‡Q, cÖKí msµvšÍ KviY Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y, †m‡¶‡Î Zv ¶wZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e bv| 8. ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨emvi Rb¨ Kg©Pvix‡`i‡K mvgwqK DcvR©b nvwbi Rb¨ cyb:¯’vwcZ ¯’v‡b bZzb K‡i e¨emv ïiæ Kiv ch©šÍ ¶wZc~iY †`qv n‡e| Z‡e ïgvix wi‡cv‡U© D‡jøwLZ †Kv‡bv e¨emvi Kg©Pvix ¶wZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e bv ‡h †ÿ‡Î Zv n‡jv - (1) e¨w³wU e¨w³MZ Kvi‡Y e¨e¯’v †Q‡o P‡j hvq A_ev (2) Kg©Pvix hw` e¨emvqx gvwj‡Ki cwiev‡ii †Kv‡bv bvevjK m`m¨ nq Ges LÛKvjxb wfwˇZ Zvi mvnvh¨Kvix n‡q _v‡K| A_ev (3) cÖKí msµvšÍ KviY QvovB hw` e¨emv eÜ n‡q hvq A_ev AcmvwiZ nq| (8) miKvi A_ev Zvi †Kv‡bv mswkøó ms¯’vi m‡½ AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v QvovB †Kv‡bv cwievi ev e¨w³ hw` miKvwi †Kv‡bv Rwg `Lj K‡i ZLb Zv‡K ejv n‡e A‰ea `Lj`vi| `LjK…Z miKvwi Rwg/euv‡ai cv‡k A_ev Ab¨Î hw` `Lj`v‡ii wbR¯^ †Kv‡bv Rwg _v‡K, Zv‡K ejv n‡e AbycÖ‡ekKvix| 9. wcGwc‡`i cÖvc¨ ¶wZc~iY/GbUvB‡Uj‡g›U c~Y©v½iƒ‡c cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e Zv‡`i‡K AwaMÖnYK…Z †emiKvwi I miKvwi Rwg †_‡K D‡”Q` Kivi Av‡MB| 97 10. cÖKí †_‡K D™¢~Z Ab¨vb¨ †Kv‡bv weiƒc cÖfve hv B‡Zvc~‡e© Aby`NvwUZ wQ‡jv, †mwU wbimbK‡í cÖKí mbv³Ki‡Yi e¨e¯’v MÖnY I ev¯Íevqb bxwZgvjv cÖYqb Ki‡e| 160. ivóªxq weavb (1982 mv‡j AwW©b¨vÝ-2)-Gi AvIZvq †hvM¨Zv I GbUvB‡Uj‡g‡›Ui cwigvÎvmg~n Ges A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ e¨v¼ bxwZ (Iwc 4.12) cwiwkó- 12 †Z cÖ`wkZ n‡q‡Q| 161. mvBUmg~‡ni wWRvBb, AvK…wZ I Ae¯’vb wbe©vP‡b ïgvix, Av_©-mvgvwRK Rwic I ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i m‡½ civg‡k©i djvdj n‡e wba©viK Dcv`vb| mvBUmg~‡ni wbe©vPb I mxgvbv P~ovšÍKiY m¤úbœ nIqvi ci Gm Gg Gd-Gi Av‡jv‡K cÖwZwU wbimb c`‡¶‡ci Rb¨ cÖfvemg~n mbv³ Ki‡Yi j‡¶¨ m¤úwËmg~‡ni ZvwjKv wba©viY I wcGwc ïgvix cwiPvjbv (AviGwc) Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni cÖwZwU wbg©vY c¨v‡K‡Ri Rb¨ cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e wcGwc I Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i m‡½ civgk© Ges GmAvBG †_‡K cÖvß DcvËmg~n cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g| †h‡¶‡Î †Kv‡bv Dc-cÖKí KZ©„K 200 R‡bi Kg e¨w³ ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡e, †m‡¶‡Î GKwU msw¶ß AviGwc A_ev msw¶ß AviGwc Gi g‡a¨ wb¤œewY©Z welqmg~n AšÍfy©³ _vK‡e : 1. D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖfve ¯ú‡Ui Ae¯’vbmn cÖwZwU mvBU we‡k‡l (A_ev eûwea Pzw³ †¶‡Î Pzw³cÎ) M„nxZ Dbœqb I cybe©vmb Kvh©Kjv‡ci msw¶ß weieY; 2. ïgvix Rwi‡ci djvdj Ges cÖfve weeiYxi msw¶ß mvi (GbvUvB‡Uj‡g›U dvBj ˆZixi Rb¨ wcGwc/cwievi wfwËK gvV n‡Z Acwi‡kvwaZ DcvËmg~n Kw¤úDUviRvZ Kiv n‡e); 3. weiƒc cÖfvemg~n cwinvi Kiv Ges/A_ev n«vm Kivi j‡¶¨ we‡ewPZ weKímg~‡ni weeiY; 4. wbimb c`‡¶cmg~n Ges ev¯Íevqb cÖwµqvi e¨vcv‡i ¶wZMÖ¯Í e¨w³/cwievimg~‡ni m‡½ civg‡k©i weeiY; 5. GB GmGgGd G ewY©Z bxwZgvjv I wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx wewfbœ ai‡bi ¶q¶wZi Rb¨ ¶wZc~i‡Yi wbw`©ó nvi Ges ¶wZcyi‡Yi wbw`©ó nvi I GbUvB‡Uj‡g‡›Ui gvb`Û Ges AwaKvi f~³ e¨w³/cwievieM©; 6. mvBU Dbœqb Ges AvkÖq†K›`ª I ms‡hvM moKmg~n wbg©vYRwYZ Kvi‡Y †RÛvi I `y:¯’Zv wfwËK cÖfvemg~n Ges Zvi Rb¨ we‡kl mnvqZvi weeiY; 7. RxweKv I Rxeb hvc‡bi gvb Dbœqb A_ev cybiæ¾xweZKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ cybe©vmb mvBUmg~n I Kg©m~wPmg~‡ni weeiY; 8. Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËi †KŠkjvw`; 9. ¶q¶wZi †kÖwY web¨vm Abyhvqx e›Ubmn cybe©vmb ev‡RU Ges ¶wZc~iY/mnvqZv jv‡f †hvM¨ e¨w³‡`i msL¨v; Ges 10. gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb| 1. AvkÖq†K›`ª wbg©vY I Dbœqb Ges AvkÖq†K›`ª gyLx ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni DbœqbK‡íi Rb¨ Avek¨Kxq GjwRBwWi wbR¯^ Rwgmn †emiKvwi I miKvwi Rwgmg~‡ni cÖvgvY¨KiY, ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i ïgvix Rwic, Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í m¤úwËi g~j¨ wba©viY; 2. GmGgGd-G ewY©Z bxwZgvjv I wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx cÖ‡`q ¶wZc~iY Ges Ab¨vb¨ cybe©vmb msµvšÍ mnvqZvi weeiY; 3. MÖnY‡hvM¨ weKímg~n m¤ú‡K© ¯’vbvšÍwiZ e¨w³eM©/cwievimg~‡ni m‡½ civg‡k©i weeiY; 4. Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËi †KŠkjvw`; 5. ¶q¶wZi †kÖwY web¨vm Abyhvqx cybe©vmb msµvšÍ ev‡RU Ges ¶wZc~iY/mnvqZv jv‡f †hvM¨ e¨w³‡`i msL¨v; Ges 6. gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb| 98 162. GjwRBwW Kg©m~wPi cÖwZwU c¨v‡K‡Ri Rb¨ †h †Kv‡bv AviGwc mn GmGgwc/GmAvBG-Gi i¶vKeP ch©v‡jvPbv, QvocÎ I Rbmg‡¶ cÖPvi wbwgË cÖKvkbv ˆZix Ki‡e Ges e¨vsK mgx‡c †cÖiY Ki‡e| GmGgGd-Gi wfwˇZ mKj wbw`©ó mvB‡Ui Rb¨ GKwU mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs wi‡cvU© ˆZix Kiv n‡e| GmGgwc, GmAvBG I AviGwc msµvšÍ mKj cyiKg© c¨v‡KR cyiKg© Pzw³ m¤úv`‡bi c~‡e© cÖvgvY¨ KvMRcÎ P~ovšÍKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ ¯’vbxqfv‡e Ges e¨vs‡Ki Bb‡dvk‡c h_v mg‡q cÖKvk Kiv n‡e | LÛ ÔOÕ DcRvZxq Dbœqb KvVv‡gv (wUwWGd) 99 163. evsjv‡`k wewea ms¯‹…wZ I ag© Ges eû fvlvfvwli †`k| hw`I G‡`‡ki †gvU RbmsL¨vi GKwU e„nr Ask GKwU we‡kl RvwZ‡Mvwô I fvlvi AšÍM©Z, †gvU RvZxq RbmsL¨vi (cÖvq 15 †KvwU) g‡a¨ 16 j¶ gvbyl 45wU ¯^Zš¿ ¶z`ª RvwZ †Mvwôi AšÍM©Z hviv DcRvZxq ¶z`ª RvwZ†Mvôx, b„†Mvôx I m¤úª`vq wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| Gme gvby‡liv †gvU RbmsL¨vi 1.10%) †`‡ki DËiv‡j Ges `w¶Y c~e©v‡ji cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡g †K›`ªxf~Z Ges mvaviYfv‡e Zviv DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôx wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ| Z‡e DcK~jxq GjvKvmn evsjv‡`‡ki me© GB DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô wew¶ßfv‡e Qwo‡q wQwU‡q i‡q‡Q Aí msL¨vq cÖK‡íi Aax‡b 9wU DcK~jxq †Rjvq †gvU RbmsL¨vi 0.20% Ges †`‡ki †gvU DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi 8.7%| ¯’vbxqfv‡e ewikv‡ji 50% †fvjvq 68%, cUzqvLvjx‡Z 81%, wc‡ivRcy‡i 89% PÆMÖv‡g 67%, K·evRv‡i 72%, †dbx‡Z 56%, j²xcy‡i 16% Ges †bvqvLvjx‡Z 20% DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôx cjøx GjvKvq emevm K‡i| mviYx- 5-5-G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Ae¯’vb| PvKgv, Mv‡iv, wÎcyiv, Lywg, ivLvBb, gvjcvnvox, Wvjy, gvigv, Zb‰P½v I eg©b n‡”Q cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n emevmKvix cÖavb DcRvZxq †Mvwô| cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡ni g‡a¨ PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi I cUzqvLvjx‡Z DcRvZxq‡`i NbZ¡ Ab¨vb¨ cÖKí †Rjvi Zzjbvq †ewk| mviYx 12-1 : cÖKí GjvKvq DcRvZxq RbmsL¨v 100 †Rjv ‡Rjvi †gvUcÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡ni cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡ni cjøx emevmKvix DcRvZxq ¶z`ª RvwZ‡Mvwô GjvKvq DcRvZxq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi Rb‡Mvwôi kZKiv Rb‡Mvôx kZKiv nvi nvi ewikvj 2,324,310 76 0.003 PvKgv, Mv‡iv, 50 wÎcyiv Ges Ab¨vb¨ ‡fvjv 1,776,795 57 0.003 PvKgv, Lywg, Mv‡iv 56 Ges Ab¨vb¨ cUyqvLvjx 1,535,854 1,399 0.091 ivLvBb, PvKgv, 81 wÎcyiv Ges Ab¨vb¨ wc‡ivRcyi 1,113,257 53 0.005 gvjcvnvox, PvKgv, 89 Wvjy Ges Ab¨vb¨ PÆMÖvg 7,616,352 32,165 0.422 67 wÎcyiv, PvKgv, gvigv Ges Ab¨vb¨ K·evRvi 2,289,990 14,551 0.635 ivLvBb, Zb‰P½v, 72 PvKgv Ges Ab¨vb¨ †dbx 1,437,371 639 0.044 PvKgv, eg©b, 56 wÎcyiv, wÎcyiv Ges Ab¨vb¨ j²xcyi 1,729,188 244 .014 PvKgv, eg©b, wÎcyiv 16 Ges Ab¨vb¨ †bvqvLvjx 3.108.083 347 0.011 PvKgv, eg©b, wÎcyiv 20 Ges Ab¨vb¨ evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb ey¨‡iv, RbmsL¨v I Avevmb ïgvix 2011 (AbjvBbcÖvß) †Rjv ‡gvU †Rjv cÖKí †Rjv mg~‡n cÖKí †Rjv cÖKí †Rjv mg~‡ni cÖKí †Rjv mg~‡ni msL¨v emevmKvix mg~‡n DcRvZxq ¶z`ª RvwZ‡Mvwô cjøx GjvKvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Rb‡Mvôx kZKiv nvi kZKiv nvi Ab¨vb¨ †gvU 22,931,200 49,531 0.216 PvKgv, Mv‡iv, 68 wÎcyiv, Lywg, ivLvBb, gvjcvnvox, Wvjy, gvigv, Zb‰P½v, eg©b Ges Ab¨vb¨ 164. cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi wbR¯^ ¯^Kxq fvlv I ms¯‹…wZ i‡q‡Q, wKš‘ evsjv fvlv‡ZI AbM©j K_v e‡j| Zv‡`i AwaKvskB †eŠ× ag©vej¤^x (†`‡ki 3q ag©)| Z‡e Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD †KD ms‡KZ I kw³i c~Rvix| Gme DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi mgwóMZfv‡e f~wg AwaKvi †bB| Zv‡`i e¨w³MZ f~wg AwaKvi Av‡Q Ges Zv‡`i wbR¯^ DËivwaKvi bxwZ Abyhvqx Zviv ˆcZ…K Rwg DËivwaKvi m~‡Î †c‡q _v‡K| m‡e©vcwi Zviv miKv‡ii f~wg ivR¯^ e¨e¯’v Abyhvqx f~wg Ki cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| Zviv f~wg n¯ÍvšÍi (weµq A_ev µq) Ki‡Z cv‡i †`‡ki f~wg n¯ÍvšÍi AvBbx 101 KvVv‡gv Abyhvqx)| hw`I mbvZbx c×wZ‡Z Awf‡hvM wbimb e¨e¯’vcbvi wKQz bwRi Zv‡`i i‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Zv‡`i wbR¯^ †Kv‡bv ivR‰bwZK I cÖkvmwbK cÖwZôvb †bB| cÖKí GjvKvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi ˆewkó¨MZ we‡kølY GLv‡b Av‡jvwPZ n‡jv| 165. : ¶z`ª RvwZ‡Mvwômg~n Zv‡`i Drm I eY©MZ cwiwPwZ Abyhvqx 9wU cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n (mviYx 5-5 G ZvwjKvf~³ PvKgv, Mv‡iv, wÎcyiv, Lywg, ivLvBb, gvjcvnvox, Wvjy, gvigv, ZbˆP½v, eg©b Ges Ab¨vb¨iv) mvaviY b„‡Mvwô e‡j cwiwPZ DcRvwZ Rb‡Mvwô wnmv‡e emevm K‡i| evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb msweav‡b Zv‡`i‡K ejv n‡q‡Q Ò¶z`ª RvwZ‡Mvôx m¤úª`vqÓ Ges mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ Ab¨vb¨ cðv`Mvgx As‡ki g‡Zv Zv‡`i cÖwZ we‡kl bRi †`Iqv nq| Rb msL¨v I Avevmb ïgvix 2011-†Z Zv‡`i‡K wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q ÒRvwZ †Mvwô RbmsL¨vÓ wn‡m‡e| e„nËi Rb‡Mvwô Zv‡`i‡K DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô e‡j _v‡K| 166. cÖKíf~³ †Rjvmg~‡ni DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi GLb Avi †Kv‡bv eskvbyµwgK f~LÛ †bB Ges Zv‡`i emev‡mi GjvKvq GLb Avi Zviv cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡`i Dci wbf©ikxj bq| Zviv GLb e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi gv‡S wew¶ßfv‡e wg‡k †M‡Q Ges ch©vqµ‡g cwikxwjZ I wkw¶Z n‡q e¨emv, K…wl I PvKzixmn e„nËi Rb‡Mvwô †ckvmg~n Aej¤^b Ki‡Q| Gme DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi mgwóMZfv‡e †Kv‡bv f~wg AwaKvi †bB| evev gv‡qi †nvwìs Zviv DËivaxKi m~‡Î jvf K‡i Ges †m¸wj Zviv e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi g‡Zv †fvM K‡i Ges †`Lv †kvbv K‡i| K·evRvi †Rjvi DwLqv Dc‡Rjvq Zb‰P½v DcRvwZi †jv‡Kiv R½‡j emevm K‡i| Zv‡`i f~wg AwaKvi †bB, wKš‘ R½‡ji wKQz Ask Zviv e¨envi Ki‡Q Avevm¯’j I K…wl Kv‡Ri (Kjv, euvk I njy` Pvl) Rb¨ RxweKvi ZvwM‡`| R½‡ji GKUv eo Ask‡K Zviv avb†¶‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i‡Q Ges Avw_©K msK‡Ui mgq †mBme avbxRwg Zviv cÖwZ‡ekx wn›`y I gymjgvb RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q wewµ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| cUzqvLvjx I K·evRvi †Rjvi ivLvBb m¤úª`vq wb‡Riv Pvlvev` K‡i bv, wKš‘ gymjgvb A_ev wn›`y Pvlx‡`i Kv‡Q BRviv †`q| mgZj f~wgi †Rjvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô Zv‡`i HwZn¨evnx RxweKv (grm¨ Pvl I ebv‡ji m¤ú` AvniY) cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡Q, wKš‘ e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi Abyiƒc RxweKvi m‡½ m¤ú„³ n‡q‡Q| 167. : cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡ni DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvôxi wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZ ag© I HwZn¨ i‡q‡Q hv e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi `„wó‡Z wfbœZi I Abb¨| wKš‘ Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv ¯^Zš¿, mbvZbx cÖkvmwbK e¨e¯’v †bB, †hgbwU i‡q‡Q cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi †Rjvmg~‡n| Zviv e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi cÖkvmwbK I ivR‰bwZK c×wZ Z_v miKvwi e¨e¯’vcbvi AšÍM©Z| DcRvZxq gvby‡liv GLb AvaywbK wk¶v I `¶Zv AR©b Ki‡Q Ges cÖkvmwbK, ¯^v¯’¨, AvBb, cÖ‡KŠkjx, M‡elYv cÖwZi¶v Ges Ab¨vb¨ wefv‡Mi PvKzix‡Z †hvM w`‡”Q| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv DcRvwZi †¶‡Î mbvZbx Awf‡hvM e¨e¯’vcbv eZ©gvb i‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Zv m‡Ë¡I †NviZi mvgvwRK msK‡Ui mgq Zviv BDwbqb cwil‡`i m`m¨ I †Pqvig¨vbmn wbe©vwPZ ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôv‡bi Dci P~ovšÍfv‡e wbf©i K‡i | 168. : cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n ¶z`ª DcRvwZ Rb‡Mvwô wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ Avw` fvlvq K_vevZ©v e‡j _v‡K wKš‘ Zviv RvZxq fvlv evsjv AbM©j ej‡Z cv‡i| cÖKí †Rjvmg~‡n LyeB ¯^í msL¨K DcRvZxqiv Qwo‡q wQwU‡q Av‡Q Ges Zviv e„nËi Rb‡Mvwôi g~j †mÖv‡Zi mv‡_ evsjv fvlvq K_vevZ©v e‡j _v‡K| Zviv evsjv fvlv co‡Z I wjL‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv‡`i †Q‡j‡g‡qiv ¯‹z‡ji g~j †mÖvZavivq RvZxq evsjv fvlvq wk¶v jvf K‡i| K·evRvi †Rjvi Zb‰P½v DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi mv‡_ mv¶vrKv‡j GUvB cÖKvk cvq †h Zviv cÖwZ‡ekx g~j avivi mv‡_ evsjv fvlvq mvejxjfv‡e K_v ej‡Q| g~j‡mÖvZavivi wKQz evsjvfvlx †jvK DcRvZxq fvlvI wk‡L g~j †mÖv‡Zi Rb‡Mvwôi mv‡_ DcRvZxq 102 Rb‡Mvwôi eÜycÖZxg I mvs¯‹…wZK eÜb e„w×i R‡b¨| RvZxq I ¯’vbxq miKvi wbe©vP‡b DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi †fvUvwaKv‡ii RvZxq ¯^xK…wZ jv‡f Zv‡`i g~j †mÖv‡Zi Rb‡Mvwôi m‡½ wbweo mvwbœa¨ I ü`¨Zvc~Y© m¤úK© ¯’vwcZ nq| Zv‡`i †Q‡j‡g‡q‡`i evsjv I Bs‡iRx wk¶vi AvMÖn Avw` DcRvZxq fvlvq gw›`i wfwËK cv‡Vi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv nvwi‡q‡Q| 169. : ivLvBbiv AvivKv‡bi ¶z`ª RvwZ‡Mvwô hviv evsjv‡`k Awffvmb ïiæ K‡i Aóv`k kZ‡Ki ‡klcÖv‡šÍ Ges emevm K‡i DcK~jxq †Rjv K·evRvi I cUzqvLvjx‡Z (cÖKíf~³ `ywU †Rjv)| GKRb civgk©K K·evRv‡ii g‡nkLvjx cwi`k©b K‡i Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Qb †h ivLvBbiv †eŠ× ag©vej¤^x| †eŠ× ag© evsjv‡`‡ki Z…Zxq cÖavb ag©| ivLvBb‡`i e¨w³MZ f~wg gvwjKvbv i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i DËivwaKvi AvBb Abyhvqx cyiæl I bvixiv wcZvgvZvi Rwg DËivwaKvi m~‡Î †c‡q _v‡K| Zv‡`i †Kvb cÖKvi mv¤úª`vwqK/cÖ_vMZ f~wg gvwjKvbv †bB| g‡nkLvjx Dc‡Rjvi g‡nkLvjx †cŠimfvi Aax‡b `w¶Y ivLvBb cvov I eo ivLvBb cvov Ges †QvU g‡nkLvjx BDwbq‡bi Aax‡b gw›`i Qovq emevmKvix ivLvBb m¤úª`v‡q‡`i Rxeb hvcb cwi`k©b Kiv nq| AZx‡Z ivLvBb cyiæ‡li ˆ`wbK cvwikÖwg‡Ki wfwˇZ wewfbœ ai‡bi KvRmn gvQaiv, Zuv‡Zi KvR, ¯^Y©Kv‡ii KvR, K…wlKvR I Ab¨vb¨ AK…wl Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ _vK‡Zv| eZ©gv‡b eo ivLvBb cvovi ivLvBb m¤úª`vh ¯^Y©Kvi, e¨emvqx, `wR© I ZuvZx wn‡m‡e wb‡qvwRZ i‡q‡Q| weË¡evb ivLvBbiv UvKv avi †`qvi e¨emv‡ZI RwoZ| 170. m~`yi AZx‡Z g‡nlLvjxi ivLvBb †jv‡Kiv e‡½vcmvM‡i I DcK~jeZ©x b`x¸wj‡Z gvQ aivi KvR Ki‡Zv| wKš‘ Zviv 1991 mv‡ji ci †_‡K gvQ aivi KvR †Q‡o †`q| Zviv Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h, mvM‡i gvQ ai‡Z wM‡q cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM I Rj`my¨‡`i AvMÖvm‡b †R‡jiv Aiw¶Z n‡q c‡o| Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB N~wY©S‡o mvM‡i gviv †M‡Q| Rj`my¨iv A‡bK mgqB Zv‡`i aiv gvQ I gvQ aivi DcKiY jyÚb K‡i _v‡K| Rj`my¨iv cÖvqkB A‡_©i Rb¨ †R‡j‡`i wRw¤§ K‡i ivL‡Zv| my`~i AZx‡Z ivLvBb cyiæl I bvixiv Zv‡`i Rwg‡Z dmj Avev` Ki‡Zv wKš‘ Zv‡`i AwaKvskB g~jZ `vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i Rwg¸wj cÖwZ‡ekx gymjgvb‡`i Kv‡Q wewµ K‡i w`‡”Q| g‡nkLvjx `wi`ª ivLvBb cyiæl, †g‡q‡jv‡Kiv DVwZ eq‡mi †Q‡j‡g‡qiv eZ©gv‡b Ab¨K…l‡Ki Rwg‡Z w`b gRyi wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Q| RxweKvi Rb¨ Zviv ebvÂj †_‡K cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` AvniY K‡I bv| AZx‡Z AwaK msL¨K cÖvß eq¯‹ †g‡q‡jv‡Kiv Ges AcÖvß eq¯‹ †g‡qiv Zv‡`i RxweKvi Rb¨ n¯ÍPvwjZ Zuv‡Zi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jv Ges Zv‡`i g‡a¨ KwZcq `wR©wMix Ki‡Zv| GLb Zuv‡Zi KvR A_©bxwZ‡Z cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y cÖPÛfv‡e AebwZ n‡q‡Q Ges †g‡q‡jvK‡`i `wR© Kv‡R wbhyw³ †e‡o‡Q| gyw`i Qvovi ivLvBb †jv‡Kiv bvcwZ ˆZix e¨emv K‡i, `wR©wMix Ges ¯^Y©Kv‡ii Kv‡R RwoZ| †g‡q‡jv‡Kiv `wR©Kv‡R AwaK RwoZ| Gme †jvKRb GLb Avi Zv‡`i Rxeb I RxweKvi Rb¨ cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡`i Dci wbf©i K‡i bv| 171. ivLvBb‡`i mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK cÖwZôvbmg~n A½v½xfv‡e RwoZ| †cŠi I BDwbqb cwil`mg~‡n Zv‡`i Askx`vwiZ¡ i‡q‡Q mivmwi cÖwZwbwa wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g| Z‡e Zv‡`i mgv‡Ri (AbvbyôvwbK Kgy¨wbwU e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi) gva¨‡g Awf‡hvM wbimb e¨e¯’vcbvi mbvZbx e¨e¯’vI Zv‡`i i‡q‡Q cÖwZwU MÖv‡gi I cÖwZwU Dc‡Rjvq| MÖvg ch©v‡q mgvR kvwšÍc~Y© wggvsmvq e¨_© nq, †m‡¶‡Î welqwU Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡qi mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv nq cieZ©x ïbvbxi Rb¨| Zviv Dc‡Rjv mgvR‡K D”PZi mvwjkx cwil` e‡j g‡b K‡i| Dc‡Rjv mgvR mKj weev‡`i kvwšÍc~Y© gxgvsmv K‡i †`q| AZ¨šÍ mxwgZ ‡¶‡Î AvBbx gvgjvi gva¨‡g wePv‡ii Rb¨ Zviv ¯’vbxq cywjk A_ev †Rjv ch©v‡qi †`Iqvbx Av`vj‡Zi kiYvcbœ nq| Abyiƒc e¨e¯’v g‡nkLvjxi gyw`i Qovq `wi`ª ivLvBb m¤úª`v‡qi gv‡S j¶¨bxq| 103 172. : Giv n‡”Q g‡½vjxq es‡kv™¢~Z GK ¶z`ª RvwZ†Mvwô| Giv cÖavbZ cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi †Rjvmg~‡n emevm K‡i| QqwU cÖKí †Rjvi g‡a¨ GKwU †Rjv K·evRv‡i Ges iv½ywbqvq Zb‰P½v i‡q‡Q| Zviv B‡›`v Gwiqvb fvlv †Mvwôi gvbyl Ges Zv‡`i fvlv cvwj, cÖvK…Z I evsjv fvlv †_‡K D™¢~Z Zb‰P½v †eŠ× ag©vej¤^x| cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡g emevmKvix Ab¨vb¨ DcRvZxi g‡Zv Zb‰P½v emwZ M‡o D‡V‡Q cve©Z¨ Ai‡Y¨| wKš‘ Zviv ch©vqµ‡g cvnvo †_‡K †b‡g G‡m DcKyjxq AwaKZi mgZj f~wg‡Z emevm K‡i‡Q| cvjsLvjx BDwbq‡bi †Zj †Lvjv MÖvg (6bs IqvW©) cwi`k©b K‡i Rvbv †M‡Q †h Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K Zb‰P½v e‡j `vwe K‡i, wKš‘ ¯’vbxq RbMY Zv‡`i‡K PvKgv e‡j| Zviv D³ GjvKvq emevm ïiæ K‡i wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci 1949 mv‡j| AZx‡Z ZbPvw½qv bvix cyiæ‡liv `yB cvnv‡oi gv‡S mgZj f~wg‡Z avb Pvl Ki‡Zv Ges cvnv‡oi Mv‡q euvk I Kjv Pvl Ki‡Zv| eZ©gv‡b Zv‡`i †Kvb cÖ_vMZ f~wg AwaKvi †bB Ges Zviv SzgPvl cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡Q| ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i KvQ †_‡K Rvbv hvq, †Zj‡Lvjv Ges DwLqv Dc‡Rjvi Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvi mgšÍ AiY¨ f~wg eb Awa`ßi AwaMÖnY K‡i wb‡q‡Q Ges 1986 mvj †_‡K †m¸wj Zv‡`i wbqš¿‡Y i‡q‡Q| Zb‰P½v RbMY Aev‡a eb Awa`߇ii Aby‡gv`b e¨wZ‡i‡K AiY¨ f~wg Pvlvev‡`i Rb¨ `Lj K‡i wb‡”Q| `Lj Kiv Rwg‡Z Zviv avb, Kjv, euvk I njy‡`i Pvl Ki‡Q| Rvbv †M‡Q `LjK„Z A‡bK Rwg Zviv Avw_©K msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y ¯’vbxq gymjgvb Pvlx‡`i Kv‡Q wewµ K‡i‡Q| Zviv ebv‡ji AiY¨ f~wg AviI `Lj K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv hw` nq Zvn‡j cÖK…Z msiw¶Z ebvÂj msKyywPZ n‡e| Gme GjvKvq †Kv‡bv cÖKí KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z †M‡j eb Awa`߇ii c~e©vbygwZ Ges cwi‡ek Awa`߇ii QvocÎ Avek¨K| 173. DcRvZxq I Ab¨vb¨ `y`©kvMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvwôi Dbœqb KvVv‡gv wek¦e¨vsK 4-10 Gi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges Zv DcRvZxq RbMY Aay¨wlZ mKj mvB‡Ui Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| wUwWGd Gi wbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨mg~n n‡”Q| 1. cÖK‡íi Kvh©Kjvc I ZrciZv DcRvZxq `y`©kvMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvwôi Av_©-mvgvwRK aib I AvPiY Dbœqb wbwðZ Kiv| 2. ¯’vbxq cÖvwZôvwbK welqvw`i Av‡jv‡K h‡_vchy³ cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi m‡½ D¤§y³, c~e© wba©vwiZ I AewnZKiY mv‡c‡¶ civgk© Av‡qvRb wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ DccÖKímg~n Ges mswkøó Kvh©Kjv‡ci mvgwMÖK cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY, ev¯Íevqb I gwbUwis cÖwµqvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi AskMÖnY †h Zvrch©c~Y© Zv wbwðZ Kiv| 3. wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e †h cÖKwíwU µwUµ‡gI †hb DcRvZxq/Ab¨vb¨ `yt¯’ Rb‡Mvwôi Ges g~j‡¯ªvZ Rb‡Mvwôi g‡a¨ ¶gZv niY A_ev ˆelg¨ e„w×i w`‡K GwM‡q bv hvq A_ev Rwo‡q bv c‡o| 4. RxweKv mn DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Dci †h †Kvb ai‡Yi weiƒc cÖfve Gov‡bv, n«vm KiY Ges/A_ev wbimb Kiv| 5. cÖK‡íi mKj ch©v‡q wewfbœ DcRvZxq †Mvwôi (bvix I cyi”l) m‡½ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb †hvMv‡hvM, cÖwk¶Y Ges wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi e¨vcv‡i Dchy³ †KŠkjvw` cÖwZôv Kiv| 6. cÖKí GjvKvq emevmKvix DcRvZxq Ges Ab¨vb¨ `yt¯’ Rb‡Mvwôi Kv‡Q cÖK‡íi mydjvw` I wewb‡qvMmg~n mgcwigv‡Y ‡cuŠ‡Q wKbv Zv mywbwðZ Kiv| 7. cÖKí ZrciZvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi gvwjKvbv msµvšÍ Db¥y³ c~e© wba©vwiZ Ges AewnZK…Z civgk© mfv wbwðZ Kiv| 104 174. GgwWGmwcÕ i j¶¨ †K›`ªxK †Rjv¸wj‡Z mvgwóK DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi ¯^í msL¨K Ges g~j‡mÖv‡Zi g‡a¨ ¯’vbxq mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK Ges A_©‰bwZK cÖwZôvb Av‡Q| Z‡e mvwe©K cÖKí wWRvB‡b †`Iqv Av‡Q †h eZ©gvb DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô, DcRvZxq Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª Kgy¨wbwU¸wji AeKvVv‡gv msNe×fv‡e Kiv n‡e| Dc-cwiKíbv cÖ¯‘ZKi‡Y DcRvwZ I Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª Kgy¨wbwU¸wj Dbœqb cwiKíbv cÖwZôvK‡í ¯Œxwbs wfwˇZ wb¤œwjwLZ gvb¸wj wbY©q Ki‡e : 1. j¶¨gyLx Dc-cÖKí GjvKv¸wj‡Z DcRvZxq I Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª Kgy¨wbwU¸wji Dcw¯’wZ _vK‡Z n‡e| 2. Rwg Ges cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`mg~n hv mvaviY GjvKv I PviY †¶‡Îi AšÍM©Z †m¸wji wPivPwiZ e¨env‡i weiƒc cÖfvemg~‡ni gvb wbY©q KiY| 3. DcRvwZ A_ev Ab¨vb¨ Dc‡Mvwôi Av_©-mvgvwRK A_ev mvs¯‹…wZK cwiwPwZi weiƒc cÖfvemg~‡ni gvb wbY©q KiY| 4. †h mg¯Í cÖfvemg~n †`kR AwfÁvb I cÖ_vMZ cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni Le© Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi gvb ¯ŒxwbsKiY| 5. cÖK‡íi Zvrch© cÖm‡½ DcRvwZ I Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª Kgy¨wbwUi mv‡_ †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| 175. cÖKí GjvKvq DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Av_©-mvgvwRK cwiwPwZ Ges m¤ú` wbf©ikxjZvi Dci GKwU †eBRjvBb cÖYq‡bi welqwU Dc-cÖKí cwiKíbv cÖYqb cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e| †mB m‡½ _vK‡e DccÖKí GjvKvi DcRvZx RbM‡Yi Dci Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K Z_¨ †hgb Kgy¨wbwU ch©v‡q wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y Zv‡`i AskMÖnY, ¯’vbxq cÖwZôvbmg~n Ges cÖ_vMZ, fvlvMZ I mvs¯‹…wZK Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖnY| civgk©mg~‡ni wfwˇZ GgwWGmwc ZrciZvi Av‡jv‡K DcRvZxq I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvwôi cÖavb mgm¨v¸wji mvi-ms‡¶c ˆZix Kiv n‡e Ges Zv †eBRjvB‡bi Ask n‡e| cÖwZwU Dc-cÖKí cwiKíbvq †eBRjvBb DcRvZxq cwiw¯’wZi GKwU ¯^Zš¿ Ask _vK‡e| wUwWwc cÖYq‡b †eBRjvBb cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e Ges wUwWwc Gi g‡a¨ wb¯œ ewY©Z welq¸wj _vK‡e : 1. DcRvwZ Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª Kgy¨wbwU¸wji Dcw¯’wZ‡Z MÖvg¸wj I †m¸wji cwiwPwZ (DcRvwZi bvg, Dc- DcRvwZi bvg, Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwšÍK mvgvwRK MÖæc, hw` _v‡K); Zvi ZvwjKv| 2. mKj DcRvwZ Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwšÍK cwievi e‡M©i MÖvgwfwËK ZvwjKv| 3. DcRvwZmg~‡ni Ges cÖvwšÍK †MvwôeM©/cwievieM© GKB m‡½ Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK MÖæ‡ci (†ckv, Rwgi gvwjKvbv, FY Ae¯’v BZ¨vw`) MÖvg wfwËK Av_©-mvgvwRK weeiY| 4. GjvKvi DcRvwZ Dc‡Mvwômg~‡ni cÖ_vMZ ebvÂj e¨env‡ii †Kv‡bv AwaKvi hw` _v‡K Zvi eY©bv| 176. cwiKíbv ch©vqKv‡j AskMÖnYg~jK wbiƒcY c×wZ e¨eüZ n‡e Ges DcRvwZ †Mvwô¸wji I Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª Kgy¨wbwU¸wji cÖavb mgm¨v¸wj DcRvwZ Ae¯’vb wbiƒc‡Yi wi‡cv‡U© msw¶ß AvKv‡i †ck Kiv n‡e| 177. Dc-cÖKí GjvKvmg~‡ni †Kv_vI (hw` †Kv‡bv) DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô †`L‡Z cvIqv †M‡j DcRvZxq I Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª Kgy¨wbwU¸wj, wmweI GbwcI Ges DcRvZxq cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni m‡½ Db¥y³, c~e© wba©vwiZ I ÁvZ civgk©mg~n m¤ú` Dbœqb welqK cwiKíbv cÖwµqvKv‡i ¯’vb cv‡e Ges Zv‡`i e¨vcK Kgy¨wbwU mnvqZv cÖvgvb¨KiY Kiv n‡e| wb¤œewY©Z †KŠkj¸wj AbymiY Kiv n‡e| 1. Dc-cÖKí cÖ¯‘wZ ch©v‡q cÖ‡Z¨K DcRvZxq Kgy¨wbwU wPwýZKi‡Y DcRvZxq cwievieM© I `j¸wji m‡½ c„_K civgk© mfv Kiv n‡e| 105 2. cÖKí cÖwZôvbmg~n, ga¨¯’Zvmg~n I cÖKí mydjvw`i wbwðKi‡Y †hLv‡b DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwô msL¨vjNy, †mLv‡b DcRvZxq ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki I cyiæl‡`i, †bZ…e‡M©i DcRvZxq gyLx GbwRI, Ges †h †Kvb mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i m‡½ AMÖvwaKvi wfwËK I †KŠkjvw` wPwýZKi‡Y we¯‘„Z Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| 3. cÖKí GjvKvmg~‡n cwiKíbv ch©v‡qi Rb¨ Z_¨ Askx`viZ¡ I wb¯úwËKi‡Y cvw¶K mfv Ki‡Z n‡e| 4. cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKvjxb gvwmK mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e| 178. mgq g‡Zv I wbqwgZ cÖKvkbvi ga¨ w`‡q ¯’vbxq DcRvwZ Rb‡Mvwôi gv‡S GgwWGmwc ga¨¯’ m‡PZbZv e„w× Ki‡e Ges †hvMv‡hvM †KŠk‡j Dc-cÖKí ZrciZvi Z_¨ we¯Ívi hv j¶¨MÖæcmg~n‡K ¯’vbxqfv‡e MÖnYxq I ü`q½g Ki‡e| 179. ¯’vbxq DcRvZxq fvlvq Z_¨vw` cÖPvi I †hvMv‡hvM Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ AwZwi³ ¸iæZ¡¡ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| G cÖm‡½ wcGmBD GKRb Dbœqb †hvMv‡hvM we‡klÁ‡K wb‡qvM cÖ`vb Ki‡eb whwb DcRvZxq GjvKvmg~‡n, †hLv‡b ivóªxq fvlvi cÖPjb †bB A_ev †mLv‡b ¯’vbxq AvPvi-AvPiY m‡PZbZv cÖm‡½ cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †KŠkj I DcKiY KwgDwbwU AvDUwiP Ges Z_¨ we¯Ívi Dbœqb Ki‡eb| 180. cÖwZwU Dc-cÖKí GjvKvq wUwWwc ev¯Íevq‡b GjwRBwW I wcGgBD, ÷vd‡`i cÖwk¶Y I `¶Zv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| 1. DcRvZxq Dbœqb AeKvVv‡gvi R‡b¨ GjwRBwW I wcGgBD `¶Zv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. cÖwk¶‡Y DcRvZxq cyiæl I bvixi mgvb AskMÖnY Ges ¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwU‡Z AskMÖnY _vK‡Z n‡e| 181. DcRvZxq I Ab¨vb¨ `y:¯’ Kgy¨wbwU Dbœqb cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ wb¤œewY©Z c`‡¶cmg~n M„nxZ n‡e : 1. cÖwZwU Dc-cÖKí GjvKvq DcRvZxq‡`i Dcw¯’wZ cÖwZôvi j‡¶¨ mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs; 2. we¯ÍvwiZ mvgvwRK Ae¯’v wbiƒc‡Yi wfwˇZ cÖKí GjvKvq DcRvZxq Kgy¨wbwU I cwievie‡M©i Dci †eBRjvBb DcvË Kiv, hvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e : 1. Av_©-mvgvwRK cwi‡jL- Rwgi BRvivMÖnY, Av‡qi Drm, Awfevmb cwiw¯’wZ, FYMÖ¯ÍZv, BZ¨vw`| Gme welq¸wj DcRvwZ Dbœqb cwiKíbv AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e| 2. RxweKvi Dcvq, AiY¨ I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡`i Dci wbf©ikxj| 3. †Kv‡bv Rwgi Dci wbf©ikxjZv (PviY‡¶Î, Avevmb BZ¨vw`)| 4. ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvbmg~‡n we`¨gvb AskMÖnY Ges DcRvZxq cÖwZôv‡bi f~wgKv| 3. cÖKí GjvKvq emevmKvix wewfbœ DcRvZxq †Mvwôi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ mswkøó AvBb, bxwZgvjv I wb‡`©wkKv ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| 4. DcRvwZ †Mvwômg~n I cwievi e‡M©i wbw`©ó cÖKí cÖfvemg~n (BwZevPK I †bwZevPK DfqB) wPwýZKiY| 5. ÿwZMÖ¯Í cwievi eM© I †Mvwômg~‡ni ZvwjKv cÖYqb I ˆeaKiY Ges mgqmxgv, `vwqZ¡ I ev‡RU mn GKwU Kg© cwiPvjbv cÖYqb Kiv| 6. ZvwjKvwU ¯’vbxq cÖkvmb (Dc‡Rjv) Ges mKj ÿwZMÖ¯Í cwiev‡ii m‡½ ˆeVK ˆeaKiY Kiv| 7. DcRvZxq Dbœqb cwiKíbv (wUwWwc) GjvKvi mswkøó Kgy¨wbwUi mv‡_ Zv‡`i Z_¨vw` Ges AskMÖnYvw`i fvMx`vi n‡e| 106 182.wUIwfwWwc Gi cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡b cÖK‡íi ‡hme cÖavb bxwZmg~n cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e wb‡¤œ ewY©Z n‡jv : 1. cÖvwšÍK I AbMÖmi DcRvZxq Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ª cwievie‡M©i Dci Av‡jvKcvZ| 2. MÖv‡gi AZ¨šÍ `~`©kvMÖ¯Í I nZ `wi`ª mvgvRKmg~‡ni (bvixmn), Kj¨v‡Yi j‡¶ we‡kl n¯Í‡ÿc wPwýZ I AšÍf©y³ Kiv| 3 cÖK‡íi ev¯Íevqb I Kg©KvÛmg~n ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi bxwZ AbymiY Kiv I Ae¨vnZ ivLv| 4. cÖKí Kg©KvÛ cÖYqb I ev¯Íevqb n‡e AskMÖnYg~jK Ges †m‡¶‡Î DcRvZxq cwievie‡M©i m`m¨‡`i h_vh_ m¤ú„³Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| 183. wUIwfwWwc Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e †eBRjvBb cwiw¯’wZi weeiYx, DcRvZxq cwievie‡M©i GgwWGmwc-Gi we‡kl weiƒc cÖfve, cwinvi Ges/A_ev wbim‡bi weKí e¨e¯’v Ges GKwU ev¯Íevqb KvVv‡gv| 184. cÖvmw½K †¶‡Î Ges †hLv‡b mbvZbx †KŠkjvw` cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q, †m‡¶‡Î Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËi †KŠkjvw` cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi Pvwn`vi wfwˇZ Ges Zv‡`i Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi j‡¶¨| GQvov, †hLv‡b DcRvZxq Rb‡Mvwôi msL¨v †ewk †mLv‡b Awf‡hvM KwgwU‡Z GKRb DcRvZxq cÖwZwbwa _vK‡e| 185.BwmAviAviwc Gi AvIZvq eûgyLx N~wY©So AvkÖq†K›`ª Kg©m~wPi Dbœqb I e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ we`¨gvb cÖKí e¨e¯’vcbv BDwbU (wcGmBD) n‡”Q GgwWGmwc-Gi cÖ¯ÍvweZ wcGgBD| GwU‡K kw³kvjx Kiv n‡e GKRb AwZwi³ Dc-cÖKí cwiPvjK (wWwcwW) wb‡qvM mv‡c‡¶| wWwcwW‡K mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb GKRb wmwbqi †UKwbK¨vj we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi †cÖvwKDi‡g›U we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi A_© e¨e¯’vcbv we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi cwi‡ek we‡klÁ, GKRb wmwbqi mgvR Dbœqb we‡klÁ, GKRb †hvMv‡hvM we‡klÁ Ges GKRb wRAvBGm we‡klÁ| me©‡gvU †ckvRxwe ch©v‡qi GB 10 Rbmn Pvwn`v ‡gvZv‡eK I wek¦e¨vs‡Ki m¤§wZ Abyhvqx mnvqZv`vbKvix AviI Kg©Pvix wb‡qvM Kiv n‡e| cÖwZwU †Rjvq gvV ch©v‡qi `ßi¸wji †bZ…Z¡ †`‡eb GKRb wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx whwb wWRvBb I wbg©vY ZË¡veavb civgk©‡Ki mnvqZvq wbg©vY ZË¡veavb Ges cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡eb| 186. wmwbqi mgvR Dbœqb civgk©‡Ki (cwiwkó-13 †Z ewY©Z Lmov wUIAvi) mnvqZvq cÖKí cwiPvjK AvkÖq†K›`ªmg~‡ni mvBU Ges AvkÖq†K›`ªgyLx ms‡hvM moKmg~‡ni Rb¨ Rwg msMÖn Ges cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb msµvšÍ wb¤œewY©Z we‡kl we‡kl `vwqZ¡mg~n cvjb Ki‡eb : (1) Hw”QK f~wg AwaMÖnY cÖwµqvq ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb mg~n I ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvwô‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv; (2) f~wg AwaMÖn‡Y mnvqZv jv‡fi Rb¨ †Rjv cÖkvm‡Ki m‡½ mgš^q mvab Kiv; (3) cybe©vmb Kv‡Ri ˆ`bw›`b e¨e¯’vcbv, ZË¡veavb I gwbUwis Kiv; (4) mKj Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ mgq g‡Zv ev‡RU cÖvwß wbwðZ Kiv; (5) cybe©vm‡bi KvR nvjbvMv` Kiv Ges wbg©vY wmwWDj Abyhvqx Rwg n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv; Ges (6) AvBbMZ AwaMÖnY cÖwµqv Ges D‡`¨vMx cÖwZôvbmg~n KZ©„K mivmwi Rwg µq msµvšÍ cÖwµqvi AvIZvq ¶wZMÖ¯Í m¤úwËi cwigvb I Ae¯’vb wbiƒcY I g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi j‡¶¨ Avek¨Kxq AskMÖnYKvix †Mvwô MV‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv| 187. GjwRBwW cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wbe©vPb cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vwZK/RvZxq ch©v‡qi ms¯’vmg~‡ni wWRvBb I ZË¡veavb civgk© †mev Pzw³ wfwˇZ wb‡qvM I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e| Zviv cÖ‡KŠkj Rwic, wWRvBb, cwi‡ek wbiƒcY Ges BGgwc cÖYqb Ki‡e| Dc- cÖKímg~‡ni mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs Ges AviGwcmn GmGgwc cÖYqb Ki‡e| GQvov, wVKv`vi KZ…©K m¤úvw`Z Kv‡Ri ¸Yv¸b gvb 107 `ic‡Îi KvMRcÎ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv Ges cwigvYMZ I ¸YMZ gv‡bi P~ovšÍ cÖZ¨qb Ki‡e| GZ`msµvšÍ Kvh©mg~‡ni Ask wn‡m‡e wWGm civgk©‡Ki cwi‡ek we‡klÁ BGgwc Gi m‡½ AvBB I BAvBG (cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î) cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| cÖK‡íi AvIZvq wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwU mvB‡Ui Rb¨ mvBU wfwËK AvBBB, BAvBG Ges BGgwc ˆZix Kiv n‡e| hw` AwZwi³ cwi‡ek MZ cÖfve wbiƒcY Avek¨K nq, GjwRBwW †mB wbiƒcY cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡e (GKRb Pyw³wfwËK civgk© wb‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g)| cwi‡ek cÖfve wbimb c`‡¶cmg~‡ni e¨q cÖv°wjZ Kiv n‡e Ges Zv wej Ae †KvqvbwUwU (weIwKD) Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡e| cyi‡KŠk‡ji wVKv`viMY‡K `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e Gme cwi‡ek wb`k©b c`‡¶cmg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨| wWGmwm Gi mgvR we‡klÁ mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs, mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb Ges GmGgwc cÖYqb Ki‡eb Ges cÖ‡hvR¨ †¶‡Î ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ wbg©vY KvR ïiæ Av‡MB AviGwc I wUwcwc cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb | 188. wWGmwm Gi wUg jxWvi wcGgBD (cÖKí cwiPvjK) eivei mvgwMÖK ˆÎgvwmK I evwl©K Kg©cwiKíbv Ges cÖ‡MÖm wi‡cvU© `vwLj Ki‡eb| 189. cÖKí gwbUwis I g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ wcGgBD Pzw³i wfwˇZ RvZxq/AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡qi KbmvjwUs dvg©‡K wbhy³ Ki‡e| Zv‡`i wbi‡c¶Zvi e¨vcv‡i GgGÛB civgk©K mivmwi GjwRBwWi cÖavb cÖ‡KŠkjx eivei wi‡cvU© cÖ`vb Ki‡eb, wKš‘ Zv‡`i Pzw³c‡Îi ZË¡veavb I cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ _vK‡e cÖKí e¨e¯’vcbv `ßi (cÖKí cwiPvjK) Gi Dci| Gg GÛ B civgk©‡Ki gva¨‡g wcGgBD me ai‡bi wi‡cvU© ch©v‡jvPbv I cÖZ¨qb Ki‡e Ges BGmGgGd/wUwWGd Gi AvbyK~‡j¨ mycvwikgvjv MÖnY Ki‡e| 190. GgGÛB civgk©‡Ki mnvqZvq wcGgBD‡K `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e hveZxq cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs, wbiƒcY, wbimb c`‡¶cmg~n I e¨q ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi Rb¨| GgGÛB civgk©K I BGmGgGd/wUwWGd Gi ev¯Íevqb Ges BGgwc, GmGgwc I AviGwc †`Lv‡kvbv Ki‡eb| GZ` D‡Ï‡k¨ Gg GÛ B civgk©K GKRb mve©¶wYK cwi‡ek we‡klÁ I GKRb mve©¶wYK mgvR we‡klÁ wbhy³ Ki‡eb| cwi‡ek cÖ‡KŠkjxi cÖavb `vwqZ¡ n‡e : 1. Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni ¯Œxwbs I †kÖwY wefvRb ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| 2. BGgGd Gi Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK BG ch©v‡jvPbv I nvjbvMv` Kiv| 3. wVKv`vi KZ©„K ev¯Íevqb A_ev BGgwc ZË¡veav‡b wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx I mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjxMY‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv| 4. cwi‡ekMZfv‡e myôz I †UKmB c×wZ‡Z wbg©vY Kvh©Kjvc m¤úvw`Z n‡”Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kiv| 191.Gg GÛ B civgk©KMY Zv‡`i Pzw³i ïiæ‡Z GKwU msw¶ß cwi‡ek ZË¡veavb g¨vby‡qj ‰Zix Ki‡eb Dc-cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKv‡j cwi‡ek ZË¡veavb c×wZmg~n I cÖwµqvmg~n wbwðZKi‡Yi j‡¶¨| g¨vby‡qjwU mviv ev¯ÍevqbKvj e¨vcx µgvMZ nvjbvMv` A_ev ms‡kvwaZ Kiv n‡e hv‡Z K‡i GjwRBwWi Kvh©Kjv‡c m‡e©vËg cwiPvjbv/wbg©vY msµvšÍ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwµqv cÖwZwôZ Kiv hvq| GgGÛB civgk©KM‡Yi cwi‡ek we‡klÁ wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx I Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjxMY‡K KvwiMwi mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb Ges cÖwk¶Y Awa‡ek‡bi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb| 192.cwi‡ek we‡klÁ Ges wcGgBD Gi mswkøó Kg©PvixMY Ges civgk©KMY BGgwc AbymiY Kiv n‡”Q wKbv †m e¨vcv‡i iæwUb gwbUwis Ae¨vnZ ivL‡eb| gvV ch©v‡q gwbUwis Gi GKwU †PKwjó cwiwkó-8 G †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| 193.cwi‡ek we‡kl‡Ái mvnvh¨ wb‡q wcGgBD cwi‡ek AvbyMZ¨ m¤úwK©Z mvgwMÖK ˆÎgvwmK cÖ‡MÖm wi‡cvU© wek¦e¨vsK mgx‡c `vwLj Ki‡e| ‰ÎgvwmK wi‡cv‡U©i GKwU di‡gU cwiwkó -9 G cÖ`wk©Z n‡jv| 194.GjwRBwW Gi wcGgBD wmwbqi mvgvwRK Dbœqb we‡klÁ Ges ¯’vbxq ch©v‡qi Kg©Pvix‡`i mnvqZvq ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i m¤ú„³Zv, mvgvwRK ¯Œxwbs I cÖfve wbiƒcY, mvB‡Ui Rb¨ f~wg msMÖn cÖwµqv Ges GmGgwc cÖYqb I ev¯Íevqb gwbUi Ki‡e| 108 195.cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv msµvšÍ Kvh©Kjvc cÖK‡íi cÖ‡MÖm wi‡cv‡U© AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡e Ges Z…Zxq c¶ KZ©„K I e¨vsK wgkb KZ©„K ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| 196. BwmAviAviwc cÖK‡íi ai‡bi g‡Zv cÖKí mn e¨vcKwfwËK cÖKímg~‡ni cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvq GjwRBwWi ch©vß AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q| Z‡e GgwWGmwc Gi cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv Ges BGmGgGd/wUwWGd Gi mdj Abymi‡Yi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ civgk©KMY cÖwkÿY Kvh©Kjvc h_vh_fv‡e †`Lv‡kvbvi Rb¨ GjwRBwW‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| GQvov cÖZxqgvb nq †h †Rjv I Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q Kg©KZ©v‡`i cwi‡ek wbiƒcY I e¨e¯’vcbv m¤ú‡K© aviYv mxwgZ A_ev G‡Kev‡iB †bB| civgk©‡Ki ZË¡veav‡b GjwRBwWi gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©KZ©viv †h‡nZz `vqx _vK‡eb BGmGgGd/wUwWGd-Gi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx Òcwi‡ekMZ ¯ŒxwbsÓ Ges ÒweKímg~‡ni we‡kølYt Kivi Rb¨, †mBRb¨ wbqš¿YKvix Pvwn`v, cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve Ges cwi‡ek wbiƒcY I e¨e¯’vcbv msµvšÍ †gŠwjK cÖwk¶Y GjwRBwWi Kg©KZ©v‡`i `¶Zv Dbœq‡bi mnvqK n‡e hvi gva¨‡g Zviv GgwWGmwc-Gi AvIZvq Zv‡`i Dci Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b m¶g n‡eb| wewfbœ ch©v‡q cÖwk¶Y †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb, cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc †h‡¶‡Î mZ¡i ïiæ Kiv n‡e †m wel‡q cÖ_‡gB cÖwk¶‡Yi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvici cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci AMÖMwZ n‡j cieZ©x ch©v‡q Ab¨vb¨‡`iI cÖwk¶Y w`‡Z n‡e| mieiv‡ni `„wó‡KvY †_‡K cÖwk¶Y Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡e AvÂwjK wfwˇZ| 197.GQvov BGmGgGd/wUwWGd Abyhvqx cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv mdjfv‡e ev¯Íevq‡b GjwRBwWi wcGgI/cwi‡ek BDwb‡Ui cÖ‡KŠkjx‡`i Rb¨ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv I gwbUwis msµvšÍ D”PZi cÖwk¶Y LyeB Dc‡hvMx n‡e| GjwRBwW Kg©KZ©v‡`i cÖwk¶Y Pvwn`v bx‡Pi mviYx‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wbqvgK Pvwn`v, cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n, cwi‡ek wbiƒcY I e¨e¯’vcbv msµvšÍ †gŠwjK cÖwk¶Y gyL¨ Kg©KZ©v‡`i Rb¨ †`‡k A_ev we‡`‡k Av‡qvRb Kivi civgk© †`qv n‡q‡Q| mviYx 13-1: GgwWGmwc Gi cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ cÖwk¶Y Pvwn`v cÖwk¶‡Yi aib/welqvw` AskMÖnYKvix wmwWDj mvaviY cwi‡ek m‡PZbZv, wbqvgK Pvwn`v, gvV cÖ‡KŠkjx (cÖwZwU Dc‡Rjv Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc ïiæi GgwWGmwc Gi Rb¨ BGgGd KvVv‡gv, †_‡K b~¨bc‡¶ GKRb Av‡M cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve I wbimb, weKímg~‡ni cÖ‡KŠkjx) D”PZi cÖwk¶Y cwi‡ek cÖfve wbiƒcY e¨e¯’vcbv (BGgwc, GjwRBwW-Gi wcGgI/cwi‡ek cÖKí ïiæi ciciB BwmIwc), gwbUwis, BGgGd KvVv‡gvi BDwb‡Ui Kg©KZ©vMY we¯ÍvwiZ weeiYmn D”PZi cÖwk¶Y mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒcY, mvgvwRK wcGgBD/gvV cÖ‡KŠkjx (mnKvix cÖKí ïiæi ciciB e¨e¯’vcbv (GmGgwc, AviGwc, wUwcwc), cÖ‡KŠkjxe„›` I mgvR weÁvbx gwbUwis Ges GmGgGd weeiY †Rjv ch©v‡qi Ges Kgy¨wbwU msMVK Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡qi) BGgGd, GmGgGd I wUwWGd wcGgBD I gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©Pvix cÖwZ eQ‡i GKevi msµvšÍ wi‡d«mvi cÖwk¶Y 198. A‰bw”QK cybe©vmb msµvšÍ (Iwc 4.12) Ges Avw`evmx Rb‡Mvwôi (Iwc 4.10) msµvšÍ e¨vsK bxwZ Ges Acivci mvgvwRK Dbœqb wb‡`©wkKv Abymv‡i mvgvwRK Dbœqb I i¶vKeP AvbyK~j¨ †g‡b Pjvi j‡¶¨ GjwRBwW Gi ¯’vbxq ch©v‡qi Kg©Pvix-Kg©KZ©vMY‡K `¶Zv e„w×i Rb¨ cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| 109 199. BGmGgGd/wUwWGd wi‡cvU© Ges cÖfve wbimb c`‡¶cmg~n evsjv fvlvq Abyev` Kiv n‡e Ges ¯’vbxqfv‡e cÖPvi Kiv n‡e| wi‡cv‡U©i Kwcmg~n (Bs‡iwR I evsjv fvlvq) GjwRBwWi mKj mswkøó gvVKg©xi wbKU †cÖiY Kiv n‡e Ges mvaviY gvby‡li bvMv‡ji g‡a¨ ivLvi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡e| BGmGgGd/wUwWGd e¨vsK Gi Bb‡dvk‡c cÖKvk Kiv n‡e| 200. Dciš‘, cÖK‡íi g~j¨vqb wgk‡bi c‡i GKwU RvZxq Kg©kvjv Av‡qvR‡bi cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G Kg©kvjvi j¶¨ n‡”Q ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (GjwRBwW) Gi gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©Pvix, Kgy¨wbwU cÖwZwbwae„›`, GbwRImg~n, myax mgvR, BZ¨vw`mn gyL¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Kv‡Q BGmGgGd/wUwWGd Dc¯’vcb Kiv| 201. cÖK‡íi ev¯Íevqb ch©vqKv‡j `icÎ cÖwµqvi Av‡MB Dc-cÖKíwfwËK ¯Œxwbs/wbiƒcY wi‡cvU© mg‡q mg‡q GjwRBwWi I‡qemvB‡U ‡`qv n‡e| 110 111 K. mvaviY N~wY©So Avkªq‡K›`ªwU Dc‡Rjv n‡Z 8 wK. wg. Ges †Rjv m`i n‡Z 25 wK. wg `~‡i Aew¯’Z| N~wY©So Avkªq†K›`ªwU Aviwmwm KvVv‡gv wewkó GKwU wZb Zjv wewìs| bxP ZjvwU 10 wdU D”PZvi R‡jv”Q¡vm cvwb †mªv‡Zi R‡b¨ gy³ ivLv n‡q‡Q| 1g ZjvwU Mevw` cïi IVvbvgvi Rb¨ Xvj wmuwomn wbw`©ó RvqMvq †eu‡a ivLvi Rb¨ ˆZix n‡q‡Q| 2q ZjvwU `y‡h©vMKv‡j gvby‡li Avkª‡qi Rb¨ Ges eQi e¨vcx ¯‹z‡ji Rb¨ ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q wbg©vY KvRwU m¤ú~Y© Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dc cÖKíwUi DËiw`K K…wlf~wg Øviv †ewóZ, c~e©w`‡K K…wlf~wg Ges ¯‹zj wewìs, `wÿYw`‡K K…wlf~wg Ges cwðgw`‡K moK i‡q‡Q| DccÖKíwU‡Z 1066wU cwiev‡ii g‡a¨ 6400 Rb mydj†fv³v RbmsL¨v i‡q‡Q| ch©‡eÿY Ges civgk©wfwˇZ cÖvß Z_¨vw` wb‡gœ cÖ`Ë n‡jv: 1. wbivc` cvwb cv‡bi Rb¨ Mfxi bjK~c emv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 2. mvB‡U wbg©vY Kvh©Kvjx‡bi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv Rjve×Zv bvB| 3. ¯‹z‡j we`y¨r mieivn bvB| ¯‹z‡j †mŠi c¨v‡bj cÖwZ¯’vwcZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| 4. Dc cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv MvQ KvUvi cÖ‡qvRb nqwb| 5. we`¨gvb ¯‹zjwUi cwZZ Rwg‡Z wewìswU wbwg©Z n‡q‡Q| febwUi cvBwjs Gi mg‡q †kªYxmg~n‡K †KwewR D”P we`¨vj‡q ¯’vbvšÍwiZ Kiv nq, †h Kvi‡Y QvÎ QvÎx Ges wkÿK‡`i‡K cvBwjs kã e¨vNvZ NUvq bvB| 112 mvaviY we`¨vjqwU 1942 m‡b cÖwZwôZ n‡qwQ‡jv| we`¨vjq-Kvg-N~wY©So Avkªq†K›`ªwU `ygwK Dc‡Rjv n‡Z 8 wK. wg. Ges cUzqvLvwj †Rjv n‡Z 6 wK. wg. `~‡i Aew¯’Z| we`¨vjqwU Gj AvK…wZi GKwU wØZj wewkó wewìs hvi gvSLvb w`‡q GKwU wmuwo i‡q‡Q (AcKv‡j 5) mvB‡U `yBwU bjK~c emv‡bv n‡q‡Q Z‡e wbg©vYKv‡R †ekxi fvMB b`xi cvwb (¯‹z‡j msjMœ) e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| cUzqvLvjx †Rjv AvIZvaxb `ygwK Dc‡Rjvq bZzb eûgyLx N~wY©So Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi R‡b¨ ¯’vbwU wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvBUwU `wÿYgyivw`hv miKvix cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq (wRwcGm) Kvg N~wY©So Avkªq†K›`ª (GbGm 42)| we`¨vjqwUi DËi w`‡K Av‡Q avb‡ÿZ, `wÿ‡Y Av‡Q moK I †Ljvi gvV, c~‡e© Av‡Q we`¨gvb we`¨vjqwU Ges cwð‡g Av‡Q GKwU Lvj msjMœ euva (†ewoeva)| GB Avkªq†K‡›`ª 950wU cwiev‡ii g‡a¨ 8500 Rb mydj†fv³v RbmsL¨v i‡q‡Q| `„k¨Z, wbg©v‡Yi gvb wQ‡jv MocoZv| 2013 m‡bi gv‡P© KvRwU m¤ú~Y© n‡qwQ‡jv| ch©‡eÿY I civgk© wfwˇZ Z_¨vw` wb‡gœ cÖ`Ë n‡jv: 1. Mfxi bjK~c emv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv †_‡K cvwb DV‡Q| cvbxq R‡ji cwigvÎvq cÖavbZ cÖvß Av‡m©wbK, †jŠn, g¨v½vwb‡Ri cixÿv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges cvwb cv‡bi Rb¨ wbivc` i‡q‡Q| 2. †mvjvi c¨v‡bj cÖwZ¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q| 3. wbg©vb Kv‡Ri ¸Yvejx ga¨gv‡bi| 4. †h‡nZz mvBUwU we`y¨r MÖxW ewn©f~Z GjvKvq AvIZvfy³, †m‡nZz †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv we`y¨r ms‡hvM bvB| 5. Dc-cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci Kvi‡b †Kv‡bv MvQ KvUv c‡owb| 6. we`¨vgvb ¯‹z‡j cwZZ Rwg‡Z wewìswU wbwg©Z n‡q‡Q| 7. Dc cÖKíwU GjvKvq †Wª‡bR A_ev Rjve×Zv mgm¨vi m„wó K‡i bvB| K. mvaviY 113 N~wY©So Avkªq†K›`ªwU Dc‡Rjv n‡Z 6 wK. wg. Ges †Rjv m`i n‡Z 30 wK. wg. n‡Z `~‡i Aew¯’Z| N~wb©So Avkªq‡K›`ªwU wØZj feb bKkvwewkó Kiv n‡q‡Q| wewìs Gi AvK…wZ AvqZvKvi| bxP ZjvwU 10 dzU D”PZvi| R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi cvwb‡mªv‡Zi R‡b¨ Dbgy³ ivLv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g ZjvwU `y‡h©vMKvjxb gvby‡li Avkªq †K›`ª Ges eQi e¨vcx we`¨vj‡qi R‡b¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| febwUi Dfq cv‡k 12 dzU cÖ¯Í wewkó `yBwU wmuwo e‡m‡Q, hvi ga¨¯’‡j GKwU AeZiY wmuwo wVK Zvi wecix‡Z Aci Av‡iKwU Av‡ivnb wmuwo i‡q‡Q| Avkªq‡K›`ª Kvg we`¨vjqwU wbg©vb Ggb `~ieZx©¯’vb nIqv DwPZ hvi mv‡_ Avkªq‡K›`ªwUi Ae¯’vb MÖvgxY mo‡Ki mv‡_ mshy³ _v‡K hv‡Z cÖ‡qvR‡b †m †Kv‡bv cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv Kiv nq| 1000 cwievie‡M©i 8550 R‡bi mydj †fv³v RbmsL¨v i‡q‡Q| bZzb eûgyLx N~wY©So Avkªq†K›`ªwUi ¯’vb cUzqvLvwj †Rjvi AvIZvaxb evDdj Dc‡Rjvq wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvBUwU Pi KjvBqv Avãyi iwk` `vwLj gv`ªvmv KvgN~wY©So Avkªq†K›`ª (GbGg 44)G| ch©‡eÿY I civgk© wfwˇZ cÖvß Z_¨vw` wb‡gœ cÖ`Ë n‡jv: 8. Mfxi bjK~c cÖwZ¯’vwcZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges wbivc` cvwb DV‡Q| cyivZb n¯ÍPvwjZ bjK~cwU ‡mLv‡b i‡q‡Q, Z‡e Zvi nvZj I eo †bB| Rvbv hvq †m wbg©vY Kv‡R cyKz‡ii cvwb e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| 9. mvB‡Ui wbg©vY Kvh©Kvjxb †Kv‡bv †Wª‡bRe×Zv I Rjve×Zv †`Lv hvq bvB| 10. gv`ªvmvq we`y¨r mieivn i‡q‡Q| 11. †mvjvi c¨v‡bj GLbI cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq bvB| 12. kªwgK †kW Lvwj Kiv n‡q‡Q Z‡e GLbI cy‡ivcywi †f‡½ †djv nqwb Ges mvBU †j‡fj Kiv nhwb| 13. wbg©vY Kvh©Kvjxb 5wU Zvj I 6wU wUK P¤^j MvQ KvUv n‡q‡Q| GLb wbg©vYKvR m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q Ges we`¨vjq cÖv½‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K wewfbœ cÖKvi e„ÿ cÖRvwZ †ivcb Kiv n‡e| mvgwMÖK cÖfve g~j¨vqb 1. N~wb©So I Ab¨vb¨ Riæix Ae¯’vq wbivc` Avkªq| 2. Kg© ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM e„w×| 3. wkÿvi R‡b¨ AwaK wkïi we`¨vj‡q fwZ© nIqvi AviI †ewk myweavw` I cwi‡e‡ki Dch©ycwi e„w× †fvM| 4. Kgy¨wbwU cÖ‡qvR‡b we`¨vjq, ¯^v¯’¨†K›`ª, mfv¯’j BZ¨vw`) mvgvwRK AeKvVv‡gvq wewìswU‡K e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 5. DØv¯‘ I gwnjv‡`i R‡b¨ c„_K Uq‡j‡Ui mye‡›`ve¯Í e¨e¯’v Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi cwi‡ek‡K m‡šÍvlRbK I eÜzZ¡ myjf K‡i ivL‡e| 6. cvwbi e‡›`ve¯Í I ch©vß cqtcÖYvjx QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwKi iÿvKeP n‡e| 7. `~‡h©vMKvjxb PjvP‡ji AviI iv¯Ívi cÖ‡qvRb I hvbevn‡bi cÖ‡ek Dbœqb KiY| mycvwikgvjv 1. we`¨vjq cÖv½Y I iv¯Ívi cv‡k¦© cwiKwíZ fv‡e Dchy³ cÖRvwZi e„ÿ Aek¨B †ivcb Ki‡Z n‡e hv cwi‡ek Dbœqb Ges moK gvwU aŸm/iÿv wbwðZ Ki‡e| 2. mKj ms‡hvM iv¯Ívmg~n Ges Aeva PjvPj c‡_i Dchy³ iÿvYv‡eÿY Kiv DwPZ| AwaKš‘, cÖwZ Avkªq†K‡›`ªi R‡b¨ Avkªq †K›`ª AeevwnKv GjvKv Ges Aev‡a c_ PjvP‡ji DbœwZ Kiv DwPZ| 114 Location kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi KwgDwbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg mvB‡K¬vb †mëvi, †Rjv-jÿxcyi Date: 05/04/2014 115 116 Photograph: kvKPi ReŸvi gvóvi KwgDwbwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg mvB‡K¬vb †mëvi, wRjv -jÿxcyi Photograph: Pi cve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvix cªv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg mvB‡K¬vb †mëvi, †bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv. 117 Location Pi cve©Zx iwnwgqv miKvix cªv_wgK we`¨vjq Kvg mvB‡K¬vb †mëvi, †bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv Date 06/04/2014 118 119 mvaviY Z_¨ we`¨vj‡qi bvg/BDwbqb/Dc‡Rjv/†Rjv : Rwgi gvwjK †K : mvBU Ae¯’v‡bi mswÿß weeiY : Rb civg‡k©i ZvwiL Ges Dcw¯’wZi msL¨v : we`¨vj‡qi cÖavb wkÿ‡Ki bvg Ges †gvevBj b¤^i: ¯Œxwbs cÖkœgvjv nu¨v bv cÖfv‡ei gvÎv gšÍe¨ /wbgœwjwLZ cÖkœ¸wji DËi `iKvi| D”P/ga¨g/wbgœ wbKUeZx© A_ev bvMv‡ji g‡a¨ cwi‡ekMZ fv‡e GjvKvwU wK ai‡bi? KZ `y‡i? ms‡e`bkxj GjvKvmg~n wKbv? K…wl f~wg A_ev k‡m¨i ÿwZ K‡i wK? K…wl f~wg †Kv_vq? wK ai‡bi km¨ Drcvw`Z nq Ges FZz, k‡m¨i cwigvY D‡jøL Kiæb Rwg AwaMÖnY Ges A‰bw”QK cybe©mwZ ¯’vc‡b Rwgi BwZnvm Ges gvwjKvbvi eY©bv w`b| RwoZ wKbv? e„ÿ I Dw™¢‡`i ÿwZmvab Kib Av‡k cv‡ki Mv‡Qi msL¨v KZ? KZwU KvUv n‡e wKai‡bi Dw™¢` I e„ÿivwR? cyKzi A_ev gv‡Qi Dci cÖfve c‡o wKbv? cyKzi KZ `~‡i? KZwU/ †Kvb cÖRvwZi/ wKfv‡e ÿwZ n‡e? fycwi¯’ cvwb/fyMf©¯’ cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb fycwi¯’ cvwbi ¯Íi KZ`~i ch©šÍ f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi MfxiZv KZ? GjvKvq †Wª‡bR A_ev Rjve×Zvi m„wói cÖfve we`¨vgvb †Wª‡bR Gi Ae¯’v wK? c‡o wKbv? wbg©vY mvgMÖx, hvbevnb Ges e‡R©¨i Kvi‡Y gvj †Kv‡bv iv¯Ív Av‡Q wK? KZwU Ges wK ai‡bi gvjevnb PjvP‡j weNœ NUv‡”Q wKbv? PjvPj K‡i cÖwZw`b? wbg©vY KvhKvjxb A_ev hš¿vw`i bovPovi GLb wK Ab¨ †Kvb kã Av‡Q? Kvi‡Y kã e„w× nq wKbv? cvk¦©eZx© GjvKvq A_ev Rb/m¤cÖ`vq †Mvôxi Rb/m¤cÖ`vq †Mvôx wK G e¨vcvi Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Q? Dci †bwZevPK cÖfve c‡o wKbv? HwZn¨MZ A_ev ms¯‹…wZ MZfv‡e Zvrch©c~Y© wK Ges KZ `~i? GjvKv (gmwR`, Kei¯’vb, ¯§„wZ¯Í¤¢ BZ¨vw`i) Aebqb A_ev weÿY m„wó K‡i‡Q wKbv? gvby‡li Ges cï m¤ú‡`i PjvP‡ji cÖwZeÜKZvi m„wó nq wKbv? hš¿vw` cwiPvjbvq evq~ aywjKYvi `yl‡Y ¯^v¯’¨ SzuwKi DrcwË nq wKbv? †kªYxK‡ÿ QvÎQvÎx‡`i cvVMÖn‡Y evavi m„wó we`¨gvb we`¨vjqwU KZ `~‡i? nq wKbv? wbg©vY Kvh©Kvjxb Øviv we`¨vjq K¨v¤úv‡m QvÎQvÎx‡`i nvUvPjvi †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿ SzuwK Av‡Q wKbv? wbg©vY eR©¨ A_ev M„n¯’vjx eR©¨ (kªwgK wkwei †_‡K) Acmvi‡Yi Kvi‡b mvBU A_ev mvB‡Ui evwn‡ii Dci cÖfve c‡o wKbv? 120 121 122 123 124 125 GgwWGmwcÕi we‡ePbvax‡b wewfbœ ai‡Yi Dc cÖKímg~‡ni mn‡hvMx wewea Kvh©vejxi Kvi‡Y cwi‡ek SzuwK n«vm A_ev cwiZ¨v‡Mi R‡b¨ cwi‡ekMZ AvPiY wewa (BwmIwc) GKwU wb‡`©wkKv| BwmIwc 1.0: cÖK‡íi cwiKíbv Ges wWRvBb avcmg~n 1.1 mvaviY mvaviY cÖKí wWRvBb ms‡kvabx Ges wbimb gvÎv Aš‘fy©w³i gva¨‡g cÖKí cÖ¯‘Z Kv‡j cwi‡ekMZ mswkøóZvi Dcvqmg~n Gov‡bvi cy•Lvbycy•L we‡ePbv K‡i GB AvPiYwewa| 1.2 wWRvBb P~ovšÍKib/ cÖK‡íi Ae¯’vb: 1. Dc cÖKímg~‡ni ¯’vb wbe©vPb Kv‡j AvksKv I AMÖvwaKvimg~n wPwýZKi‡Y Rbmvavi‡Yi mv‡_ ch©vß Av‡jvPbvi cÖ‡qvRb| 2. cÖ¯ÍvweZ Avkªq‡K›`ª Ges ms‡hvM mo‡Ki ¯’vb ¯^vfvweK f~cÖK…wZi m‡½ hZLvwb m¤¢e mgš^q iÿv Ki‡e AwZgvÎvq KZ©b I fib Govbvi j‡ÿ¨| 3. ¯’vbxq Rbmvavi‡Yi mv‡_ kjvcivgk© Zv‡`i‡K cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~‡n civgk©`v‡b Zv‡`i mswkøóZvq GKwÎZ K‡i| 4. wWRvBb P~ovšÍKi‡Yi c~‡e© eb¨vcÖeb GjvKvmg~n Ges A_ev AwZ mgZj Xvj f~wgi †ÿ‡Î RjweÁvb mgxÿv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| 1.3 ˆea Pvwn`v mg~‡ni cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨: cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯’vcbv mswkøóZv Ges Zvi R‡b¨ mgš^qKi‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq c×wZ mgy‡ni mv‡_ AšÍf©yw³ Ki‡Z n‡e wewfbœ cÖ‡hvR¨ QvocÎ mn `icÎ msµvšÍ KvMRcÎ| 1.4 e¨q cÖv°jb BwmIwc 1.0 †Z KZ Kvh©vejxi Rb¨ wKQy Avw_©K m¤ú„³Zv AšÍfy©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Kvh©vejx wb‡gœ eY©bv Kiv n‡jv: 1. Dbœqb cÖK‡íi wbw`©ó AeKvVv‡gv m¤úwK©Z myweav Amyweavmg~n wPwýZKiY Gi Rb¨ mgv‡Ri wewfbœ m¤cÖ`vq n‡Z Kgc‡ÿ 15 Rb Ask MÖnYKvix‡K wb‡q GKwU †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. Dbœqb cÖKí KvVv‡gv Øviv ÿwZMÖ¯Í mgv‡Ri wewfbœ m¤cÖ`vq n‡Z Kgc‡ÿ 50 Rb AskMÖnYKvixi Z_¨ GKRb RixcKvix gyL¨ Z_¨ cÖ`vbKvix (†KAvBAvB) wn‡m‡e m¤úv`b Ki‡e| 3. eb¨vcÖeY GjvKv Ges / A_ev AwZ mgZj Xvjf~wg‡Z Dbœqb cÖKímg~n AeKvVv‡gvi Lmov bKkv P~ovšÍKiY Ges A_ev n«vmKi‡Yi c~‡e© GKRb RixcKvix Rjmgxÿv m¤úv`b Ki‡e| BwmIwc 2.0 mvBU cÖ¯‘wZ mvBU 1. wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©wb‡qv‡Mi c~‡e© cÖKí GjvKvq AbwaKvi cÖ‡ek wPý I †gvP‡bi `iKvi Av‡Q| 2. wbg©vb m~Px m¤ú‡K© ¯’vbxq RbmvaviY‡K AewnZ Kiv; Ges 3. wVKv`vi Øviv wbg©vY KvR ïiæi Av‡M mvBU cÖ¯‘wZ Kiv| 1. wbg©vY cwiPvjbv Kv‡j wewea Avbyl½vw`i Abym~Px I cwiPvjb c×wZmg~n wVKv`vi `vwLj Ki‡e| 126 2. mvBU cwi”Qbœ Kivi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q hveZxq mvgMÖxi AcmviY †hgb e„ÿivwR, †SvcSvo, jZv¸j¥, KvÛ, wkKo, Nvm, Av MvQv, Dcwifv‡Mi gvwU Ges ivwek| GZ`&D‡Ï‡k¨, wVKv`viMY wbgœwjwLZ gvÎvmg~n Aej¤^b/ MÖnY Ki‡e| 1. Dw™¢` I MvQcvjvi Dci weiƒc cÖfve n«vm Kivi j‡ÿ¨ †Kej gvwUi Av”Qv`b/jZv¸j¥ hv cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e ¯’vqx Kv‡R e¨vNvZ NUvq Zv AcmviY Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. †h †ÿ‡Î fv½b A_ev Ae‡ÿcb GKwU m¤¢ve¨ mgm¨v, †m‡ÿ‡Î cwi”Qbœ I wbovbxi KvR Ggbfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i †MÖwWs cwiPvjb I ¯’vqx fv½Y I cjjwµqv wbqš¿Y ZvrÿwYKfv‡e MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, hw` cÖKí cwiw¯’wZ AbyK‚‡j nq| 3. eR©¨ AcmviY BwmIwc 5.0 Gi eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv Abyhvqx n‡Z n‡e| 4. hveZxq wbqvgK QvocÎ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e cÖK…Z KvR ïiæi Av‡M| BwmIwc 3.0 wbg©vY wkwei 3.1 mvaviY t ÿY¯’vqx I ¯’vqx DfqBfv‡e weiƒc cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n wbimb A_ev Gov‡bvi R‡b¨ mvB‡Ui wbg©vY wkwe‡ii wbe©vPb, Dbœqb, iÿYv‡eÿY Ges cybt¯’vc‡b BwmIwc 3.0 wb‡`©wkKv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e| 3.2 wbg©vY wkwe‡ii Rb¨ mvBU wbe©vPb DccÖKíi wbg©vY wkwe‡ii ¯’v‡bi R‡b¨ Kv‡Ri cwiKíbvKv‡j we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡KŠkjxi kjvcivg‡k© wbg©vY wkwe‡ii GjvKv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z H ai‡Yi wkwei Dbœq‡bi h‡_vchy³ nq| cwi‡ekMZ, mvs¯‹…wZK A_ev mvgvwRK Kvi‡Y ms‡e`bkxj Ggb GjvKv¸wj‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h¸wj h‡_vchy³ bq| †hLv‡B by¨bZg weiƒc cwi‡ekMZ cÖfv‡ei m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q, †mB GjvKv‡ZB wbg©vY wkwe‡ii cwiKíbv Kiv DwPZ| GB ai‡bi GjvKv wPwýZKi‡Y cvbxq kã I evqexq `~l‡Yi cÖfve g~j¨vq‡b hZœkxj n‡Z n‡e hv ÿY¯’vqx nIqv m‡Z¡I mvB‡Ui wKQy GjvKv wbg©vY wkwe‡i Kvi‡Y evavMÖ¯Í n‡q co‡e| 3.3 wbg©vY wkwe‡ii Ae¯’vb wbg©vb wkwe‡ii ¯’vb mvB‡Ui Ggb GjvKvq nIqv DwPZ †mLv‡b ¯’vqx weiƒc cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n‡K Gov‡bv A_ev wbimb Kiv hvq Ges ÿY¯’vqx weiƒc cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve b~¨bZg nq| wbg©vY wkwei we`¨gvb we`¨vjq wewìs Gi †Kv‡bv †kªYxKÿ †hb `Lj bv K‡i| cwiKíbv ch©vqKvjxb wPwýZ Aby‡cvhy³ GjvKvi mvB‡Ui wbg©vY wkwe‡ii Ae¯’vb nIqv DwPZ bq| mvBU A_ev mvBUmg~n wbe©vwPZ nIqv DwPZ Ggb GjvKvq †mLv‡b wbimb gvÎvmg~n BwmIwc Pzw³ Abymv‡i h_vchy³ Dcivw`i Øviv ev¯Íevqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 3.4 †emiKvix Rwg wkwei mvBU cÖwZôvK‡í wVKv`vi‡K Rwgi gvwj‡Ki Aby‡gv`b jvf Ki‡Z n‡e †h Rwg iv¯Ívi cv‡k¦© Aew¯’Z †mLv‡b wbg©vY wkwe‡ii Ae¯’vb n‡e Ges cybt¯’vcb I cybe©vmb AeKvVv‡gv Abymv‡i ÿwZc~iY cÖ`v‡b m¤§wZ n‡Z n‡e| BwmIwc bxwZgvjv mKj Rwgi gvwj‡Ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e hv cwi‡ek msiÿYgvÎv cÖwZwôZ Ki‡e| 3.5. wbg©vY wkwe‡ii myweavw` wbgœwjwLZ b~¨bZg myweavw` wbg©vY wkwe‡ii Rb¨ Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e: 1. Dchy³ mvgMÖx Øviv 1.5 wg. D”PZvq GKwU wbivcËv †e÷bx cwimxgv wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. cÖK‡íi ¯’vqx ev A¯’vqxfv‡e wbhy³ Kg©Pvix‡`i R‡b¨ Kgc‡ÿ GKwU cvwbi mieivn mn IRyi ¯’vb mv‡_ GKwU cvqLvbv A_ev †cvUv †Kweb, GKwU cÖmªveLvbv Ges GKwU kvIqvi _vK‡Z n‡e| cyiæl I gwnjv Kg©Pvix‡`i Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ Uq‡jU Ges ‡aŠZ mywe`vw`i e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e| 127 3. GKwU cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv†K›`ª I cxwoZ‡`i Avkªq‡K›`ª _vK‡e| 4. R¡vjvbx A_ev ˆZjRvZxq c`v_© gRyZ Kivi Rb¨ Ges iÿYv‡eÿY KviLvbvi RvqMv _vK‡Z n‡e| GB mg¯Í GjvKvi R‡b¨ k³ wbwñ`ª †g‡S _vK‡Z n‡e hv mvBU `yN©UbvRwbZ R¡vjvbx ev ˆZjRvZxq c`v_© Pzqvbx n‡e| ˆZj duv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ mvB‡Ui wWRvBb I wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z mxgvbve× GjvKv n‡Z f~cwi¯’ cvwbi †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v _vK‡e mvBU GjvKvq †Lvjv R¡vjvbx ev †Z‡ji Wªvg gRy` ivLv hv‡e bv| 5. wkwei mvBU †_‡K cwjaviK cyKz‡i hveZxq Dcwi¯’ cÖev‡ni Acmvi‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi cvwb †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| cwjaviK cyKz‡ii AvK…wZ n‡e mvgwMÖK mvBU †_‡K cÖevwnZ R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi cvwb b~¨bZg 20 wgwbU aviY Kivi ÿgZv m¤úbœ| cwj cyKz‡ii mggvb wbY©‡qi Rb¨ †h cÖven¼ cÖ‡qvRb n‡e Zv n‡”Q 0.9| mgMÖ wbg©vYKvje¨vcx cwjcyKzi ¸wj iÿYv‡eÿY KiZ n‡e myôfv‡e hv‡Z K‡i †m¸wj e¨envi Kiv hvq| cyKz‡i wbcwZZ cwj I gvwU R vZxq c`v_© wbqwgZfv‡e AcmviY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv BwmIwc 7.0 Abyhvqx eR¨ c`v_© Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ wba©vwiZ ¯’v‡b mwi‡q †dj‡Z n‡e| 6. cwjaviK cyKzi †_‡K hveZxq wbM©gb cÖevwnZ K‡i w`‡Z n‡e cÖvK…wZK Rjvav‡i GKwU 10wgUvi `xN© Avbyf~wgK Xvj m¤úbœ Z…Yv”Qvw`Z ¯’v‡b| 7. mgMÖ wbg©vYKvjxb mg‡q wbg©vY wkwe‡ii myweavw` msiÿY Ki‡Z n‡e wbivc`, cwiQbœ A_ev h‡_vchy³ e¨e¯’vw`i Øviv| 3.5.1 wbg©vb wkwei Dbœqb cwiKíbv 1. †eóbx cwimxgv I ZvjvPvwehy³ †MBU| 2. KviLvbv 3. Avevmb 4. IRyLvbv 5. cvwb mieivn 6. eR©¨cvwb wb®‹vkb c×wZ| 7. R¡vjvbx gRy` †eóbx GjvKv 8. cÖ¯ÍvweZ we`y¨r mieivn 9. cÖ¯ÍvweZ mKj AvenvIqvhy³ fyfvM GjvKv| 3.6 mvBU cybiæ×vi wbg©vY KvR †k‡l mKj wbg©vY wkwe‡ii myweavw`mg~n mvBU n‡Z †f‡½ †djv I mwi‡q wb‡Z n‡e Ges mg¯Í mvBUwU‡K Av‡Mi Ae¯’vq A_ev Rwgi gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ Pzw³ †gvZv‡eK Ae¯’vq wdwi‡q Avb‡Z n‡e| mKj ˆZj A_ev R¡vjvbx Øviv msµwgZ gvwU mvBU n‡Z mwi‡q †dj‡Z n‡e Ges eR©¨ gvwU Acmvi‡Yi GjvKvq MZ©Ly‡o fivU K‡i w`‡Z n‡e A_ev Ab¨Î mwi‡q wb‡Z n‡e| BwmIwc 4.0: Lv` GjvKvmg~n 4.1 mvaviY euva wbg©vb A_ev fivU Kv‡Ri Rb¨ DcKiY msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e wba©vwiZ Lv` GjvKvmg~n †_‡K| GB BwmIwc Gi cwimi H mg¯Í c`‡ÿc ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z hv cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Av‡jv‡K Lv` GjvKv mbv³ KiY, DcKiY Lbb Ges cybe©vmbKv‡j we‡ewPZ nIqv Avek¨K| 4.2 cÖvK wbg©vY ch©v‡q 128 Rwgi gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ civgk© µ‡g wVKv`vi fivU GjvKvmg~‡ni Ae¯’vb wPwýZ Ki‡e DcKiYvw`i Dchy³ g~j¨ wbY©‡qi ci| GjwRBwWÕi mv‡_ civgk©µ‡g Dchy³ mvBU wbe©vwPZ I P~ovšÍ Kiv n‡e| 4.3 wbg©vY ch©vq cwi‡e‡ki Dci †Kv‡bv ªKvi weiƒc cÖfve jvNe Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wVKv`vi Aek¨B wbgœewY©Z mZK©Zvg~jK c`‡ÿcmg~n Aej¤^b Ki‡eb: 1. MÖvg I emwZ¯’vcbvmg~n †_‡K 0.5 wK.wg. `~‡i (hw` Zv Acwinvh© nq) Aew¯’Z Lv`mg~n 15 †mwg m‡qj Acmvi‡Yi ci 30 †m. wg. Gi †ewk Lbb Kiv hv‡e bv Ges Zv Aek¨B †Wªbhy³ n‡Z n‡e| 2. mKj Lv‡`i wbKUeZx© ¯’v‡b wVKv`vi fv½b I †Wª‡bR wbqš¿‡Yi e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡eb Ges wbwðZ Ki‡eb †h f~cwi¯’ bvjvmgyn msjMœ Rwg A_ev fwel¨‡Z D×viK…Z Rwgi ÿwZ Ki‡ebv| 3. Lv` hw` K…wl f~wg‡Z n‡q _v‡K, †m‡ÿ‡Î Lv‡`i MfxiZv 45 †mw›UwgUvi‡ii †ewk n‡e bv Ges 15 †mwg Ucm‡qj Acmvi‡Yi ci 30 †mwg Gi †ewk Lbb Kiv hv‡e bv| 4. b`x ZxieZx© GjvKvq Lv‡`i Ae¯’vb Z‡Ui wKbvi †_‡K 15 wgUv‡ii Kg `~i‡Z¡ n‡e bv, G `~iZ¡ wbf©i Ki‡e m¤¢ve¨ eb¨vi w¯’wZKvj I e¨vcKZvi Dci| 4.4 wbg©vY cieZx© ch©vq: GUv wbwðZ Kiv Avek¨K †h mKj cÖKvi D×vi ZrciZv cwiPvwjZ n‡q‡Q cybiæ×vi cwiKíbv Abyhvqx| f‚wg gvwj‡Ki KvQ †_‡K wVKv`vi KZ…„K D×vi ZrciZv m¤úbœ mb` msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e GB g‡g© †h, Ò RwgwU m‡šÍvlRbKfv‡e cybiæ×vi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ó BwmIwc 5.0 : eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv 5.1 mvaviY GB AvPiY wewa‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q wbg©vY Kv‡j eR©¨ c`v_©mg~‡ni e¨envi, cybe©¨envi I Acmvib cÖwµqvmg~n| m„ó eR©¨ c`v_©mg~n‡K †kªYxfy³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i: 1. wbg©vY, Ges 2. M„n¯’vjx eR©¨ 5.2 cÖvK-wbg©vY ch©vq 1. wbg©vYKvR PjvKv‡j †hme ZrciZv †_‡K eR©¨ m„wói m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q †m¸wj‡K wVKv`vi wPwýZ Ki‡eb Ges wbg©vY wkwWD‡j †m¸wji Rb¨ c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡eb| 2. wVKv`vi Zvi Kgx© evwnbx‡K eR©¨ AcmviY, mvB‡Ui Ae¯’vb Ges Gme mvB‡Ui e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó Pvwn`vmg~n cÖm‡½ Ávb`vb Ki‡eb| 1. e‡R©¨i aib Abyhvqx wVKv`vi wbg©vYKv‡j m„wói m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q †m¸wj‡K wVKv`vi wPwýZ Ki‡eb Ges wbg©vY wkwWD‡j †m¸wji Rb¨ c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡eb| 2. †hme eR©¨ wbivc‡` cybe¨©envi Kiv hv‡e bv †m¸wji AcmviY Ki‡eb wVKv`vi| 3. wVKv`vi KZ…©K M„nxZ eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv wbg©vYKv‡Ri AMÖMwZ ch©v‡q GjwRBwW KZ…©K ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| 5.4. wbg©vb cieZx© ch©vq: 1. wbg©vY mvB‡Ui `vwqZ¡ cwinv‡ii ci wVKv`vi GjwRBwW‡K mvBU n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡eb mKj ivwek I eR©¨ AcmviY mv‡c‡ÿ| 129 2. †emiKvix Rwg †_‡K eR©¨ Acmvi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î f~wg gvwj‡Ki KvQ _‡K wVKv`vi KZ©„K D×viKvR m¤úbœ mb` msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e GB g‡g© †h ÒRwgwU m‡šÍvlRbKfv‡e cybiæ×vi Kiv n‡q‡Q| BwmIwc 6.0: Rjvavimg~n 6.1 mvaviY Rjvavimg~n cÖfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i hLb AeKvVv‡gv Dbœhb cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc Rjvavi msjMœ GjvKvq msNwUZ nq A_ev euva wbg©v‡Yi Kvi‡Y †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’vq cwieZ©b m~PxZ nIqvi d‡j Rjvavi AwfgyLx cÖevn ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| wbgœewY©Z Kvh©Kjvcmg~n GjvKvi cwi‡e‡ki Dci weiƒc cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i: 1. gvwU AcmviY 2. Dw™¢` AcmviY 3. wbg©vY KvR _‡K m„ó eR©¨ AcmviY 6.2 cÖvK wbg©vY ch©vq wVKv`v‡ii `vwqZ¡mg~n n‡e wbgœiƒc: 1. wbg©vYKvjxb cvwb e¨env‡ii Dci †Kv‡bv wb‡lavÁv hw` _v‡K Zv ¯’vbxq RbMY‡K Av‡MB Rvbv‡bv| 2. Rjvav‡ii eZ©gvb cÖ‡ek c_ e¨env‡i weNœ m„wó n‡j weKí cÖ‡ekc‡_ e¨e¯’v K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| 3. ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rjvavi hw` Awaevmx‡`i cvbxq R‡ji Drm n‡q _v‡K †m‡ÿ‡Î h‡Zvw`b Zv ÿwZMÖ¯’ Ae¯’vq _vK‡e Z‡Zvw`b ch©šÍ weKí cvbxq R‡ji e¨e¯’v K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| 6.3 wbg©vY ch©vq 1. wVKv`vi KZ…©K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h wbg©vY mvBU †_‡K Rjvavi AwfgyLx cÖevn c_ cjjhy³| 2. cjj /Zjvbx msMÖn K‡i Xv‡ji Dcwifv‡M m¤¢ve¨ cybe¨env‡ii Rb¨ ¯‘cxK…Z Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i †m¸wj cybvq Dw™¢` ec‡bi Kv‡R jvMv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| 3. euva †_‡K gvwU KvUvi d‡j euv‡ai cvwb aviY ÿgZv n«vm cvq Ges euva `ye©j n‡q c‡o, †mB Rb¨: 1. wVKv`vi‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h euv‡ai cvwb avib ÿgZv n«vm cvIqvi d‡j wbg©vY mvBU I ZrmsjMœ GjvKvq cøveb bv nq Ges wbg©vY Kv‡Ri weNœ bv N‡U| 2. euva fvsMvi ‡Kvb cÖKvi SzuwK Ges cwiYwZ‡Z m¤úwËi wejywß/ÿqÿwZ wbiƒcb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wVKv`vi Aek¨ B cÖ‡qvRbxq mZK©Zvg~jK e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡eb †hgb, †Uv cÖwZiÿv, fv½b cÖwZ‡eva Ges euv‡ai dvUj eÜ Kiv| Ab¨_vq euva fvsMvi Kvi‡Y m„ó cwiw¯’wZi Rb¨ wVKv`vi `vqx _vK‡eb| Rjvavi wbKUeZx© GjvKvq wbivc` wbg©vY AvPiY Aej¤^b Kiv n‡”Q wKbv †m m¤ú‡K© GjwRBwW wbqwgZ gwbUi Ki‡e| 1. Rjvav‡ii eZ©gvb †Wª‡bR P¨v‡bj ¸wj eÜ n‡q †M‡j weKí AšÍg©yLx I ewnM©vgx †Wª‡bi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. Rjvav‡ii Avkcvk w`‡q kªwgK‡`i Pjv‡djv wbwl× Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wbg©vY mvBU †_‡K †Kv‡bv cÖKvi eR©¨ †mLvb †djv hv‡e bv| 6.4. wbg©vY cieZx© ch©vq 1. Rjvavi msjMœ AÂjmg~n wbg©vYKvR mgvwßi mv‡_ mv‡_ cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. GjwRBwWi cÖ‡KŠkjxMY cixÿv K‡i †`L‡eb †h ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rjvav‡ii Rb¨ ch©vß ÿgZv m¤úbœ †Wª‡bR P¨v‡bj †`qv n‡q‡Q wKbv| BwmIwc 7.0 cvwbi ¸YMZgvY 7.1 mvaviY 1. ÿz`ª cwimi moK wbg©vY, ÿz`ª-cwimi †Wª‡bR I ÿz`ªcwimi euva wbg©v‡Yi Kvi‡Y cvwbi cÖev‡ni gvÎv n«vm A_ev e„w× nIqv Ges cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb n«vm cvIqvi d‡j RjR cwi‡ek ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡Z cv‡i| 2. cvwbi cÖevn gvÎv n«vme„w×i d‡j cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq Ges RjR cwi‡ek wewNœZ nq| 7.2 cÖvK wbg©vY ch©vq wbg©vYKvR ïiæi Av‡M wVKv`vi‡K wbgœ wjwLZ c`‡ÿcmg~n MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e: 1. cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb m¤ú‡K© †eBR jvBb DcvË msMÖn| 2. †eBRjvBb DcvË msMÖ‡ni Ask wn‡me ﮋ †gŠmy‡g ch©vß cvwbi cÖvc¨Zv wbiƒcY| 130 7.3 wbg©vb ch©vq 1. mvBU †_‡K m„wó gvbeweôvmn KwVb I Zij e‡R©¨i Awe‡ewPZ AcmviY cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb `~wlZ Ki‡e Ges h_vh_ cÖwZ‡ivag~jK c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. Rb¯^v‡¯’¨i Dci Zij e‡R¨©i AcmviY, m¨vwb‡Ukb/j¨vw›Uªbmg~‡ni BwZevPK µgewa©òz cÖfve _vK‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ hw` h_vh_fv‡e †m¸wj ev¯ÍevwqZ bv nq ZLb Zv f~cwi¯’ I f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb webó n‡Z cv‡i; wVKv`vi wbg©vY ch©vqKv‡j G e¨vcv‡i h‡_vchy³ MiR †`‡eb| 3. Zjvbx QuvKbx A_ev ey×z`KYv A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZeÜKZv mn‡hv‡M Rjvav‡ii `~lY †iva Ki‡Z n‡e| 7.4 wbg©vb cieZx© ch©vq 1. cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb cixÿv wbqwgZfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e| BwmIwc 8.0 mvaviY 1. †Wª‡bR wWRvBb I cÖwZ¯’vcb Kiv nq mo‡Ki Dci f~cwi¯’ A_ev Dcf~cwi¯’ cvwb cÖevn‡K wbivc` cqtcÖYvjx‡Z cwiPvwjZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ hv‡Z K‡i Zv †Kv‡bv ¯’vcbv, msjMœ m¤úwË A_ev K…wl‡ÿ‡Î †Kv‡bv ÿwZ mvab bv K‡i| 2. fv‡jv †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v m¤úbœ moKB DËg moK| Ach©vß I ÎæwUc~Y© †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v ¯^vfvweK †Wª‡bR ai‡b weNœ m„wó K‡i| µm †Wª‡bR I j¤^vjw¤^ †Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v mo‡Ki Avq~ e„w× K‡i Ges cwibv‡g Rjve×Zv I cÖvmw½K cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve n«vm K‡i| 3. cÖKí Kvh©Kjv‡ci wewfbœ ch©vqKv‡j †Wª‡bR msµvšÍ cwi‡ekMZ welqvw` †gvKv‡ejvq Pjgvb wewa AvMÖnx| 8.2 cÖvK wbg©vY ch©vq: 1. wbg©vYKvR ïiæi Av‡M wVKv`vi wbgœewY©Z c`‡ÿcmg~n MÖnY Ki‡eb: 2. †mªv‡Zi AbyK‚‡ji I cÖwZK‚‡ji e¨enviKvix‡`i GKgvm Av‡MB AewnZ Kiv n‡e| 2. cÖev‡ni ai‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i wVKv`vi Kvh©Kjvc wkwWDj Ki‡eb| 3. Kv‡Ri wkwWDj m¤ú‡K© wVKv`vi Aek¨B mswkøó Awa`ßi mg~n‡K AewnZ Ki‡eb| GwU n‡e GjwRBwW KZ…©K Aby‡gv`‡bi j‡ÿ¨ c~iKv‡h©i mvgwMÖK wkwWD‡ji Ask we‡kl| 4. mvBU cwiw¯’wZi we‡kl Kvi‡Y c~iKg© ïiæ Kivi c~‡e© fv½b I cjj wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’vw` MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| 5. wbg©vbKvR ïiæ Av‡M wVKv`vi KZ©„K hveZxq wbivcËv / mZK© ms‡KZ cÖwZ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| 6. wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ b`x †_‡K cvwb D‡Ëvj‡bi †ÿ‡Î mswkøó Awa`ßi m¤§wZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e wVKv`vi‡K| 8.3 wbg©vY ch©vq: 7. h‡_vchy³ `„pxKiY wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ h‡Zv wkNª m¤¢e wbg©vY mvB‡U †Wª‡bR ¯’vcb wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| 8. cvnvo GjvKvq †¯øvc KvUv Ges †ivW †eW (mve †MÖW) MV‡bi ciciB cÖ‡qvRb†ev‡a Dcf~cwi¯’ †Wªb w`‡Z n‡e| 9. b`x A_ev Lv‡ji Dci Kv‡Ri mgq wbivcËv DcKiYmg~n I eb¨v mZKx©KiY cÖZxK ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| 8.4. wbg©vY cieZ©x ch©vq 10. cÖevn †iva Ki‡Z cv‡i Ggb ai‡bi RÄvj A_ev A½R we¯Ívi Acmvi‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ wbqwgZ fv‡e †Wªb cwi`k©b I cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e| 11. P¨v‡b‡ji gva¨‡g Aeva cÖevn wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ n¯ÍvšÍi‡K c~‡e© wbg©vYKv‡j wbwg©Z ÿ Y¯’vqx ¯’vcbvmg~n mwi‡q †dj‡Z n‡e| BwmIwc 9: Rb¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv 9.1 mvaviY wbg©vbKv‡j m„ó wewfbœ ai‡bi SzuwKi Kvi‡Y RbM‡Yi wbivcËv I ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dci cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i| †mB mg¯Í cÖfve wbim‡bi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wewfbœ c`‡ÿc GB AvPiY wewa‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| 9.2 cÖvK wbg©vY ch©vq 1. Rb¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv cÖm‡½ GjwRBwW Ges wVKv`vi wbgœewY©Z Z_¨vw` ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q Zy‡j ai‡eb| 1. DccÖKí Kvh©Kjvcmg~‡ni Ae¯’vb 2. Lv` GjvKv| 3. Kv‡Ri cwimi 4. wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mgq 131 5. moK wbg©v‡Y ¯’vbxq kªwgK‡`i m¤ú„³Zv 6. ¯^v‡¯’¨ cÖ_g a~wjKYv, msµvgK e¨vwa, BZ¨vw`| 9.3 wbg©vY ch©vq 7. wVKv`vi wbg©vYKv‡Ri wkwWDj ˆZix Ki‡Yi wbgœewY©Z welqmg~n we‡ePbvq †i‡L: 1. km¨ ecb 2. dmj KvUv I N‡i †Zvjv 3. ¯’vbxq AšÍivq †hgb, Drmevw` BZ¨vw` 4. we‡kl mg‡q kªwg‡Ki cÖvc¨Zv 1. cÖKí msjMœ GjvKvmgy‡n wbg©vY ch©vqKvj ¯’vbxq RbMY‡K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯^v¯’¨MZ I wbivcËv SuywK mg~n m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ Dchy³ wbivcËv/ mZK© ms‡KZ ¯’vcb Kiv| 2. BwRIwc Gi eY©bvbyhvqx c`‡ÿcmg~n M„nxZ n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wmIwc ch©vq... Z`šÍ cwiPvjbv| 9.4 wbg©vY cieZx© ch©vq RbMY I e¨enviKvix‡`i wbivcËvi ¯^v‡_©, wbg©vbKvR mgvß nIqvi ci, wbg©vY mvBU †_‡K hveZxq ivwem, Dw”Qó c`v_© I hš¿cvwZ mwi‡q †dj‡Z n‡e| BwmIwc 10.0: mvgMÖx ¸`vgRvZKiY, cwienb I e¨envi| 10.1 mvaviY mvgMÖx ¸`vgRvZKiY, e¨envi I UªvÝdvi msµvšÍ Kvh©Kjvcmg~n †h¸wj †bwZevPK cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i e‡j aviYv Kiv nq †m¸wj n‡”Q t 1. cwienb, ¸`vgRvZKiY, e¨envi I wbg©vY mvgMÖxmg~n; 2. †c‡Uªvwjqvg, †Zj I wcw”QjKviK e¯‘ (wcIGj) Gi ¸`vgRvZKiY, e¨envi I UªvÝdvi; 3. AvjKvZiv KswµU I AvjKvZiv evBÛv‡ii e¨envi; 4. wcIGj `ªe¨vw` e¨wZ‡i‡K Ab¨vb¨ SuzwKc~Y© c`v‡_©i ¸`vgRvZKiY I e¨envi, Ges 5. mo‡Ki Rb¨ jeb ¸`vgRvZKiY I e¨envi| GgwWGmwc mswkøó cÖKí mg~‡ni ev¯ÍevqbKv‡j e¨eüZ wKQy mvgMÖx, hw` h_vh_fv‡e ¸`vgRvZKib I e¨envi bv Kiv nq, cwi‡e‡ki Dci h‡_ó SuywKc~Y© cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| 10.2 wm‡g›U I wm‡g›U avZe wgkª‡Yi cwienb, e¨envi I ¸`vgRvZKiY 1. wVKv`v‡ii `vwqZ¡ n‡e wm‡g›U I wgkªY c`v_© UªvK A_ev †Kwiqv‡i †Zvjvi Av‡M evnb¸wj cwi”Qbœ I ﮋ ivLvi welqwU wbwðZ Kiv| 2. mvB‡U wb‡q Avmv wm‡g›U I wgkªY c`v_© ÿwZKi e¯‘i ms¯úk© †_‡K gy³ ivLv| 3. wm‡g›U/wgkªY c`v_© ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi ¯’vb A‡f`¨ Av”Qv`‡bi Dci wewQ‡q ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i ¸`vgRvZKiY ¯’v‡b Dcwifv‡Mi m‡½ †m¸wji cÖZ¨ÿ ms¯úk© bv N‡U| wm‡g›U| wgkªY mxwgZ cwimi gRyZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges I‡q`vicÖæd Av¯ÍiY w`‡q †X‡K ivL‡Z n‡e| 4. gRyZKiY Avbyf~wgK A_ev mvgvb¨ Xvj wewkó n‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ ai‡Yi c`v‡_©i mswgkªY Gov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ gRyZKi‡Yi gv‡S ch©vß `~iZ¡ mn‡hv‡M c„_KxKiY e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| 5. wgkªY ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ wbw`©ó ¯’v‡bi Aby‡gv`b cÖ`vb Ki‡eb cÖKŠkjx| 6. wgkªY I hš¿cvwZi e¨envi c×wZi Aby‡gv`b cÖ`vb Ki‡eb cÖ‡KŠkjx| 10.3 AeKvVv‡gv Dbœqb cÖKímg~‡ni wbg©vb I iÿbv‡eÿb Kv‡Ri Rb¨ e¨eüZ mvgMÖxmgy‡ni cwi‡ekMZ AvksKv| cwi‡e‡ki Dci `yN©UbvRwbZ AvksKvmg~n †hgb, wbtmiY, widz‡qwjs Gi mgq Qwo‡q cov Ges miÄvgvw` †_‡K ÿiY †_‡K f~wg, f~Mf©¯Í I f~cwi¯’ cvwb `~wlZ n‡Z cv‡i| `~wlZ f~Mf©¯’ cvwb †_‡K `~lY cÖwµqv f~Mf©¯’ Rjvav‡i A_ev cvwb mieiv‡n msµvwgZ n‡Z cv‡i A_ev f~cwi¯’ cvwbi m‡½ wg‡k †h‡Z cv‡i| †mB Rb¨ f~Mf©¯’ cvwb‡Z `ylY wgkªY ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i hv f~Mf©¯’ cvwb (K‚‡ci cvwb) `~wlZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| 132 10.3.1 †c‡Uªvwjqvg, †Zj I wcw”Qj KviK c`v_© cÖwZwU †c‡Ævwjqvg RvZxq c`v‡_©i g‡a¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi imvqwbK Dcv`v‡bi Dcw¯’wZi ZviZg¨ Abyhvqx RjR cwi‡e‡ki Dci †c‡Uªvwjqvg RvZxq c`v‡_©i welwµqv wbf©i K‡i| cvwb‡Z †c‡Uªvwjqvg RvZxq c`v‡_©i `ªeYxqZvi m‡½ welwµqvi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| `yN©Ubv RwbZ Kvi‡Y †c‡Uªvwjqvg `~lY †_‡K RjPi cwÿKzj, grm¨ I Dw™¢` ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cvi| cvwLi cvj‡Ki Dci †Z‡ji cÖwZwµqv cvwLi g„Zz¨i Ab¨Zg cÖavb GKwU KviY| ‡Z‡ji Kvi‡Y `~wlZ cvwb cvwL hw` cvb Ki Zvn‡j Zvi ÿwZ n‡e| Rjvf~wg A_ev mRj f~wgi (nvIi evIi, cyKzi BZ¨w` MvQcvjvi LÛKvjxb g„Zz¨ NU‡Z cv‡i| wbtm„Z †c‡Uªvwjqv‡gi Askwe‡kl hLb Zjvbx wn‡m‡e cvwbi bx‡P Rgv nq ZLb Zv `xN© †gqvw` cÖfve m„wó K‡i| Gi d‡j †c‡Uªvj ev¯úxq c`v‡_©i AveiY n‡Z _v‡K axi cÖwµqvq Ges Zv eû eQi Pj‡Z cv‡i| †c‡Uªvwjqvg RvZxq c`v_© gv‡Qi dzjKvq †j‡M _v‡K Ges Zv Zvi ¯^vfvweK k¦vm cÖwµqvq e¨vNvZ m„wó K‡i| Av‡cÿvK…Z g„`y `~l‡Yi †ÿ‡Î gv‡Qiv AvZ¥iÿvg~jK †kø®§v ˆZix K‡i †Zj Acmvi‡bi †Póv Ki‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e ¸iæZi `~l‡Yi †ÿ‡Î G †KŠkj e¨_© nq Ges †Zj dzjKvq RgvU euv‡a Ges gvQ gviv hvq| †c‡Uªvwjqv‡gi g‡a¨ `vn¨ c`v_© _v‡K hv gv‡Qiv †L‡q †d‡j| gv‡Qi Mv‡qi is cv‡ë hvq| Avi hw` †ewk cwigv‡b Lvq Zvn‡j Zv gvivZ¥K AvKvi aviY K‡i| fycwi¯’ cvwb‡Z †Uª‡Uvwjqvg `ylY MÖvnK‡`i Dci MiæZ¡c~Y© welwµqv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| 10.3.2 AvjKvZiv ev wcP RvZxq c`v_© AvjKvZivhy³ evBÛvi Ges AvjKvZiv wgwkªZ KswµU cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ D‡Ø‡Mi KviY n‡Z cv‡i, KviY G¸wji g‡a¨ nvB‡WªvKve©b Dcv`vb _v‡K hv RjR cÖvYx, eb¨cÖvYx I gvby‡li Rb¨ fqsKi ÿwZKi| ewY©Z cÖwµqvq G RvZxq c`v_© hw` Rjvav‡ii Zj‡`‡k RgvU euv‡a, ZLb Zv gv‡Qi Lv‡`¨i Drm¨‡K aesm K‡i, gv‡Qi wWg I †cvbv webó K‡i| 10.3.3 Ab¨vb¨ SzuwKc~Y© c`v_© wbgœewY©Z SzuwKc~Y© c`v_©mg~n ¯’vcbv wbg©vY A_ev iÿYv‡eÿY Kvh©Kjv‡c e¨eüZ nq Ges G¸wj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwi‡ek msK‡Ui KviY | 1. is 2. `ªveK, Ges 3. UvUKv KswµU I wgkªY| is Kivi c`v_© mvaviY wkÿvhy³ A_ev ˆZjRvZxq n‡q _v‡K Ges Zv hw` AwaK cwigv‡b Rjvav‡i wgwkªZ nq, ZLb Zv RjR cÖvYxi ÿwZ K‡i| wkmvi g‡a¨ AwaKZi AvksKv _v‡K, KviY Gi g‡a¨ Ggb GK ai‡b welv³ c`v_© _v‡K hv gv‡Qi †cvbvi Rb¨ ÿwZKi| Kvjµ‡g GB welwµqv RjR gvQ I Dw™¢‡`i Dci cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i| cvwb Ges †QvU AvKv‡ii ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYx hw` welv³ cvwb cvb K‡i Zvn‡j †mB welv³ c`v_© H cvwL I cÖvYxi fÿ‡Ki kix‡i ¯’vbvšÍiwiZ n‡e Ges Zvi ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Dci cÖfve we¯Ívi Ki‡e| cwi”Qbœ Kivi Kv‡R e¨eüZ wKQy `ªve‡Ki g‡a¨ welv³ Dcv`vb _v‡K hv RjR cÖvYx, eb¨cÖvYx I gvbeK‚‡ji Rb¨ ÿwZKi| Gme `ªveK hw` Rjvav‡i, cvwb mieiv‡ni m‡½ wgwkªZ nq Ges cvwbi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigv‡Y `ªexfyZ nq, Zvn‡j Zv e¨enviKvix‡`i AvksKvi KviY n‡e| Kswµ‡Ui g‡a¨ K¨vjwmqvg (P~bv) DcKiY Dcw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y Zv AwZgvÎvq ÿviagx© n‡q _v‡‡K| KviY, KswµU ˆZix Kiv nq wm‡g›U, cvwb I Ab¨vb¨ avZe c`v‡_©i mswgkª‡Y| hw` wecyj cwigvY KswµU Rjvav‡i wgwkªZ nq Zvn‡j ¯’vbxqfv‡e cvwbi wcGBP ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i| cvwbi wcGBP hw` cwiewZ©Z n‡q hvq Zvn‡j gvQ gviv †h‡Z cv‡i| 13.1 mvaviY 133 4. GjvKvi bv›`wbK `„k¨ I cwi‡e‡ki Dbœqb QvovI Dw™¢` †_‡K R¡vjvwb KvV cvIqv hvq, Dw™¢` kã `~lY cÖwZ‡iva K‡i Ges ¯úk©KvZi GjvKvmg~‡ni Rb¨ c`©v¯^iƒc| GQvov, Dw™¢R Drcv`b wewµ K‡i ivR¯^ e„w× I m¤¢e| 5. G AvPiYwewa e„ÿ‡ivcb msµvšÍ we¯ÍvwiZ cÖqv‡mi Bw½Z `vb K‡i| e„ÿ‡ivcb I iÿYv‡eÿ‡Y ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi AwaKZi m¤ú„³Zvi Dci GLv‡b ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| 13.2 cÖKí cwiKíbv I wWRvBb ch©vq 1. MvQ KvUv hw` Acwinvh© n‡q c‡o, †m‡ÿ‡Î GKwU MvQ KvUvi wewbg‡q wZbwU ÿwZc~iYg~jK Pviv †ivcb Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. †Kvb cÖRvwZi MvQ †ivcb Kiv n‡e Zv wba©viY Kiv n‡e eb Awa`߇ii Kg©KZ©v/ ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi m‡½ Av‡jvPbvi †cÖwÿ‡Z Ges ¯’vbxq MvQcvjvi ¸iæZ¡ Abyaveb K‡i| Z‡e wewfbœ cÖRvwZi e„ÿ †ivc‡bi Rb¨ mycvwik Kiv n‡q _v‡K| 3. e„ÿ‡ivcb †KŠkj Abyhvqx djR e„ÿmn Ab¨vb¨ Dchy³ e„ÿ‡ivc‡bi civgk© †`qv n‡j| 13.3 wbg©vY cieZx© ch©vq 1. cÖKí D‡`¨v³vMY mo‡Ki Dfq cv‡k A_ev Ab¨vb¨ AeKvVv‡gv Dbœqb cÖKí ¯’v‡b dj` e„ÿmn Ab¨vb¨ Dchy³ e„ÿivcb Ki‡eb wbR¯^ A_©vq‡b| 2. e„ÿ‡ivc‡bi ci cÖ_g `yB A_ev wZb eQi hver Mv‡Qi cvwb †`qvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e GjwRBwW A_ev Zv‡`i g‡bvbxZ †Kv‡bv ms¯’v| BwmIwc Gi wKQy Kvh©Kjv‡c Avw_©K m¤ú„³Zv i‡q‡Q| BwmIwc Gi Rb¨ e¨q wba©vi‡Yi RvwZevPK c×wZ wb‡gœ ewY©Z n‡jv: 1. cÖK‡íi cÖ‡KŠkjx h_vh_ Ae¯’vb wPwýZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ Awf‡cÖZ cÖKí mvB‡Ui Rb¨ GKwU Rixc cwiPvjbv | wZwb Rjvav‡ii wbKUeZx© I ebvÂj, Rjvf~wg A_ev Ab¨vb¨ ms‡e`bkxj GjvKvi g‡Zv cwi‡ekMZ fv‡e ms‡e`bkxj GjvKvq Aby ‡cvhy³ mvBUmg~n wZwb mbv³ Ki‡eb| 2. cÖvK-wbg©vY, wbg©vbKvjxb I wbg©vY cieZx© ch©vqmg~ne¨vcx Rixc I gwbUwis Gi KvR¸wj m¤úbœ Ki‡eb mswkøó KZ…©cÿ KZ…©K wb‡qvwRZ cÖ‡KŠkjx hv‡Z K‡i GB BwmIwc‡Z ewY©Z welqvw` I bgybvmg~‡n (†hgb, ¯^íe¨‡q m¨vwb‡Ukb myweavw`, Uc m‡qj e¨e¯’vcbv e„ÿ †ivcb, †Wª‡bR, BZ¨vw`) h‡_vchy³ †gvKv‡ejv Ges e¨q cÖv°jb wbwðZ Kiv hvq| 134 mvgvwRK, agx©q A_ev HwZn¨MZ ¸iæZ¡m¤úbœ mvBU mg~‡ni Dci cÖKí Kvh©Kjvc cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| AvKw¯§K mÜvb cÖvwßÕ c×wZmg~n cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e hLb wWRvBb ch©vq Kv‡j A_ev wbg©vYKv‡j H RvZxq mvB‡Ui mÜvb cvIqv hv‡e Ges cÖK‡íi AvIZvq mswkøó Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ A_©vqb †hvM¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e bv| 1. ¯§„wZ¯Í¤¢, ¯’vcbv, wkíKg©mg~nmn, mvs¯‹…wZK m¤úwË, cÖZœZvwË¡K, HwZnvwmK, ¯’vcZ¨ wb`k©b A_ev agx©q ¸iæZ¡evnx mvBU I ¯’vcbv wn‡m‡e Ges mvs¯‹…wZK g~j¨ m¤úbœ cÖvK…wZK mvBU wn‡m‡e msÁvwqZ n‡e| k¥kvb, †Mvi¯’vb I mgvwamg~n Gi g‡a¨ AšÍfy©³| 2. †bwZevPK DccÖ‡íi ZvwjKvq †mB Dc cÖKí Aš‘f©y³ n‡e hvi Rb¨ A_©vqb mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e bv mvs¯‹…wZK m¤úwËi Dci Kvh©Kjvc KZ…©K weiƒc cÖfve we¯Ív‡ii Kvi‡Y| 3. wbg©vY Kv‡j mvs¯‹…wZK g~j¨m¤úbœ m¤úwË mÜv‡bi Rb¨ mbv³KKiY, Pzwi cÖwZ‡iva Ges mÜvbcÖvß wkí wb`k©‡bi mبenvi K‡i| wbgœewY©Z c×wZmg~n AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges gvbm¤§Z wbjvg bw_c‡Î AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z n‡e| (K) AvKw¯§K mÜvb cÖvwßi GjvKvq wbg©vYKvR ¯’wMZ Kiv: (L) mÜvbcÖvß mvBU A_ev GjvKv wPwýZ Kiv; (M) †Kvb cÖKvi ÿwZmvab A_ev AcmviY‡hvM¨ e¯‘ wb‡LuvR nIqv †iva K‡í mvB‡Ui wbivcËv weavb Kiv; (N) welqwU ZË¡veavqK cÖ‡KŠkjx‡K Rvbv‡bv, whwb ZvrÿwbK `vwqZ¡c~Y© ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ‡K Zv Rvbv‡eb; (O) cieZx© Dchy³ c×wZmg~n MÖn‡Yi c~‡e© mvBU cÖwZiÿv I msiÿ‡Yi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY Ki‡eb `vwqZ¡c~Y© ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ Ges mswkøó gš¿Yvjq; (P) mÜvbcÖvß wb`k©bmg~‡ni cÖwZ AvPi‡Yi wm×všÍmg~n MÖnY Ki‡eb ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ I mswkøó gš¿Yvjq| Gm‡ei g‡a¨ †j-AvDU cwieZ©b (`„óvšÍg~jK mÜvbcÖvß AcmviY‡hvM¨ bq Ggb mvs¯‹…wZK A_ev cÖZœZvwËK wb`k©b cÖvwßi †ÿ‡Î) msiÿY, cybiæ×vi AšÍfy©³| (Q) mÜvb cÖvwß e¨e¯’vcK msµvšÍ KZ…©cÿxq wm×v‡šÍi ev¯Íevqb mswkøó gš¿Yvjq KZ…©K wjwLZfv‡e Rvbv‡Z n‡e| (R) `vwqZ¡c~Y© ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ Ges mswkøó gš¿Yvjq HwZ‡n¨i wbivcËv msµvšÍ AbygwZ jv‡fi ciB †Kej wbg©vbKvR cybivq ïiæ Kiv hv‡e| 4. wbg©vY Pzw³‡Z Gme c×wZ cÖwgZ kZ©vejx wn‡m‡e MY¨Kiv n‡e| cÖKí ZZ¡veavbKv‡j †Kv‡bv cÖKvi AvKw¯§K mÜvb cÖvwß †gvKv‡ejv Kivi e¨vcv‡i Dc‡iv³ wewamg~n mvBU cÖ‡KŠkjx gwbUi Ki‡eb| 5. mswkøó mÜvbcÖvwß mg~n wek¦e¨vs‡Ki ZË¡veavb wi‡cv‡U© wjwce× _vK‡e Ges ev¯Íevqb m¤úbœ cÖwZ‡e`b cÖK‡íi mvs¯‹…wZK m¤úwË wbimb, e¨e¯’vcbv I Kvh©Kjvcmg~n wbiƒcY Ki‡e| 135 msµvšÍ µwgK weeiY Avkªq‡K›`ª msL¨v Cwigvb GKK GK‡Ki nvi ‡gvU AsK (UvKvq 1. cÖwgZ `ªe¨vw`mn cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi KvR mieivn msL¨vq K_vq (Rxevb~gy³ MR, AvVv‡jv †Uc, AvVv‡jv e¨v‡ÛR, (UvKv) (UvKv) G¨vw›U‡mwÞK, †WUj/ m¨vejb, †n·v‡mvj, mvevb, G¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK wµg, KuvwP, _v‡g©vwgUvi, cøvw÷K nvZ‡gvRv (b~¨bc‡ÿ `yB †Rvov), d¬¨vkjvBU, cvwb weï×KiY ewo, `y‡h©vMKvjxb mvaviY IlyacÎ|) 2. wbg©vY GjvKvq mvBU cwi”Qbœ Kib, ayjvevwj wbqš¿Y, KwVb I ˆRe eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv, ÿY¯’vqx †eóbx, mvBU †j‡ewjs, †Wªwms, BZ¨vw` 3. cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx Avkªq‡K›`ªª I moK eivei e„ÿ‡ivcb 2 eQi hver iÿYv‡eÿYmn 4. wcwcB (nvZ †gvRv, †Pv‡Li wbivcËvi Rb¨ Pkgv, †nj‡gU, wbivc` RyZv, BZ¨vw`) cÖ`vb, cvbxq Rj mieivn Ges kªwgK‡`i Rb¨ h‡_vchy³ m¨vwb‡Ukb myweavw`mn Avevmb e¨e¯’v| 5. cvbxq R‡ji ¸YMZ gv‡bi hveZxq cwigvÎv hvbvi j‡ÿ¨ mvB‡Ui AšÍZt `ywU Ae¯’v‡b f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi MfxiZv I ¸bMZ gvÎv wbiƒcY| 136 gwbUiKvixi bvg: Pzw³ bs I Ae¯’vb: wVKv`v‡ii bvg: gwbUwis Gi ZvwiL: welq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfve wbimb c`‡ÿcmg~n (n¨v/bv) gšÍe¨ nu¨v n‡j, c`‡ÿcmg~‡ni weeiY (hw` _v‡K) f~cwi¯’ I f~Mf©¯Í ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfve mvBU †_‡K eR©¨mg~n h_vh_fv‡e wbwðZ Kiv cvwbi `~lY †mcwUK U¨vsK I †kvlK K‚‡ci h_vh_ wWRvBb wbwðZ Kiv evq~ I a~wjKbv ¯‹z‡ji †Q‡j‡g‡q I bZzbfv‡e ˆZix I cybe©vmb Kv‡j ¯‹z‡j mvgwqKfv‡e `~lY evwm›`v‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ SuywK mwi‡q †djv mvgwqK ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii e¨q AšÍf~y©³ Kiv a~wjgq mo‡K cvwb w`‡Z n‡e; gRyZK…Z ¯Z‚‡ci cvwb wQUv‡bv I †X‡K ivLv kã `ylY ¯‹z‡ji †Q‡j‡g‡q Ges bZzbfv‡e ˆZix I cybe©vmbKv‡j ¯‹zj mvgwqKfv‡e evwm›`v‡`i kªebx mwi‡q †djv SuywK mvgwqK ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii e¨q AšÍf©y³ Kiv cwien‡bi wmwWD‡ji Kvi‡b ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i wei³ bv Kiv msKURbK ¯’v‡b I euvK‡gv‡o MwZ‡eM n«vm Kiv hš¿cvwZi kã wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v _vKv eR©¨ Acmvib/ cvwb cvwb msµgb eR©¨ I ivwekmg~n h_vh_fv‡e AcmviY Kiv msµgb e¨e¯’vcK wbg©vb ivwek ¯Í~cxK…Z Kiv Ges mwi‡q ivLv| cwienbKv‡j ivwek Db¥y³ bv ivLv Ges Qwo‡q bv cov f~wg fv½b aŸm/cvo fv½v, e„wói ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i gvwU `„pxKiY, gvwU w¯’wZKiY c`‡ÿc †Zvo, Dw™¢‡`i Afve cybivq Dw™¢` ecb Ges ÿwZMÖ¯’ f~wg cybiæ×vi Kiv aŸm I fv½b †ivaK‡í h_vh_ wWRvBb MvQcvjv wbe©bxKiY e„ÿ‡ivc‡bi gva¨‡g cwi‡ek Dbœqb Dw™¢` ecb Ges wbY©qxKib ¯‹zj cÖv½b I ms‡hvM mo‡Ki cvk¦eZx© Dchy³ ¯’v‡b Abye©i f~wg‡Z cybivq Dw™¢` ec‡b Drmvn cÖ`vb ‡mevg~jK mieiv‡ni cvwb mieivn, mswkøó msMVb mg~‡ni m‡½ ch©vß myweav msµvšÍ Dci AwZwi³ Pvc R¡vjvwb, cqtwb®‹vkb wel‡q wbðqZv cÖ`vb e¨e¯’v I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Avkªq‡K›`ª I ms‡hvM moK mg~‡ni w¯’wZkxjZvi Dci Pvc Rb¨ I GÛ Gg cvwb mieivn I ‡ivM e¨vwai NUbv cvbxq R‡ji ch©vß mieivn wbwðZ Kiv m¨vwb‡Ukb bvix I cyiæl kªwgK‡`i Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ m¨vwbUkb myweav ¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv kªwgK I mvaviY kªwgK‡`i Rb¨ ch©vß wbivcËv DcKiY (wcwUB, gvby‡li ¯^v¯’¨ SuywK I Avevmb, cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi miÄvgvw`) wbwðZ Kiv mvaviY wbivcËv wVKv`vi I kªwgK‡` Rb¨ cÖwkÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v MÖnY wbg©vY mvB‡Ui Pvicv‡k ÿY¯’vqx wbivcËv †eóbx cÖ`vb kªwgK‡`i Rb¨ wbivc` cvbxq R‡ji e¨e¯’v mKj mvB‡U evsjv I Bs‡iRx fvlvq wbivcËv mvBb‡evW© jvMv‡bv| 137 1. f~wgKv 2. cÖK‡íi †cÖÿvcU 1. cÖKí mvims‡ÿcmn †gŠwjK cÖKí Z_¨: 2. cÖK‡íi †fŠZ Dcv½mg~‡ni eY©bv Ges nvjbvMv`K…Z AMÖMwZ; 3. ‰ÎgvwmK Kvh©Kjv‡ci mvims‡ÿc; 4. cÖK‡íi cwi‡ek Kg©Kv‡Û hy³ e¨w³‡`i bvg I †Uwj‡dvb b¤^i 5. cwi‡ek msµvšÍ Pvwn`v 6. m¤cÖwZcÖvß BGgGd wi‡cvU© Ges DccÖKí wfwËK BGgwc Gi mycvwik Abyhvqx cwi‡ek msµvšÍ cÖwZiÿv Ges `~lY wbqš¿Y/ wbimb g~jK c`‡ÿcmg~‡ni mvims‡ÿc| 7. cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZ 8. ˆÎgvwmK Kv‡ji Rb¨ wewfbœ DccÖKí KZ…©K M„nxZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Kvh©vejx‡Z cÖwZdwjZ cwi‡ek msµvšÍ cÖwZiÿv./wbimbg~jK c`‡ÿcmg~‡ni mvims‡ÿc ˆZix Kiv; 9. gwbUwis Gi cÖYvjxZ‡Ë¡i weeiY; 10. cvwb, evqy I k‡ãi gvÎvi wbg©vYKv‡Ri cÖfve Ges wbgv©YeR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv, kªwgK wkwei e¨e¯’vcbv Ges DccÖKí mvB‡U wbivcËvi wbðqZvi Dci ˆÎgvwmK wbiƒcY: 11. ˆÎgvwmK wbiƒc‡b hw` cÖgvY cvIqv hvq †h, cwi‡e‡ki Aebqb n‡”Q, †m‡ÿ‡Î Dchy³ wbimb c`‡ÿ‡ci cÖ¯Ívebv; 12. weMZ wZb gv‡m cwi`wk©Z DccÖímg~‡ni mvBUmg~‡n cwi‡ek AvbyK‚j¨ f‡½i †Kv‡bv NUbv N‡U _vK‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î †h e¨e¯’v M„nxZ n‡q‡Q Zvi Dci mvims‡ÿc; 13. Pjgvb ˆÎgvwmK Kv‡j cwi`wk©Z DccÖKímg~‡ni mvBUmgy‡n cwi‡ek AvbyK‚j¨ f‡½i †Kv‡bv NUbv N‡U _vK‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î M„nxZ e¨e¯’vi Ges c~e©eZx© AvbyK‚j¨ f½ m¤úwK©Z d‡jv Avc c×wZi Dci mvims‡ÿc| 14. cÖwZ ˆÎgvwmK Kv‡j cÖwZwU DccÖK‡íi †ÿ‡Î M„nxZ hveZxq Awf‡hvM (wjwLZ A_ev †gŠwLK) Ges cieZx©‡Z †m¸wji Rb¨ M„nxZ e¨e¯’vi Dci mvi ms‡ÿc| 15. ¯Œxwbs/BG cÖYqY: 16. GB mg‡q cwiPvwjZ mvBUwfwËK cwi‡ek ¯Œxwbs/wbiƒc‡Yi wba©vwiZ DccÖKímg~‡ni ZvwjKv `vwLj: 17. Gme DccÖKíi gyL¨ cwi‡ek welqvw`i mvims‡ÿc| 18. Ab¨vb¨ 19. DcK‚jxq GjvKvmgy‡ni AvenvIqv cwiw¯’wZ; 20. †h AvenvIqv cwiw¯’wZ djvd‡ji Dci ÿwZmvab Ki‡Z cv‡i; 21. Ab¨ †Kv‡bv welq hv gwbUwis djvd‡ji Dci cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i; 22. ewY©Z mg‡q gwbUiK…Z cwigvÎvi ˆiwLK cÖwZiƒc; 23. wbqvgK eva¨evaKZv Abymi‡Yi AMÖMwZ (cwi‡ek QvocÎ mb`/ cwi‡ek Awa`ßi †_‡K cÖvß bevqb mb`) BZ¨vw`| 24. mfv I Av‡jvPbv: Pjgvb ˆÎgvwmK Kv‡j cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv msµvšÍ †hme mfv I cieZx© wm×všÍ M„nxZ n‡q‡Q ‡m¸wji mvims‡ÿc| 25. Dcmsnvi I mycvwikgvjv 26. cwiwkó 27. wewfbœ DccÖK‡íi Av‡ivKwPÎ 28. cwi‡ek gwbUwis wi‡cvU© 29. j¨ve †U÷ wi‡cvU©| 138 jÿ¨ Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËKiY †KŠk‡ji g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi d‡j ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³ ev cÖwZôv‡bi Øviv DÌvwcZ †h †Kvb Awf‡hvM, `vex, e³e¨ I Av‡jvPbv, ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i Zv wbim‡bi Rb¨ Dchy³ cwi‡ek ‰Zix Kiv| cÖK‡íi wbwg©Ze¨ ¯’vcbvi ¯’vb wbe©vPb, KvwiMwi ev cÖhyw³MZ wehqvw`, ev¯Íevq‡bi c×wZ m‡ev©cwi ¸YMZ gvb wb‡q GjvKvi myweav‡fvMx mKj ch©vq †_‡KB mgm¨v ev Awf‡hvM Avm‡Z cv‡i| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb AvB‡b mKj †kÖbxi ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³iB AwaMÖn‡Yi ïiæ †_‡K ÿwZc~iY MÖn‡bi cªwZwU av‡cB Awf‡hvM MÖn‡Yi weavb i‡q‡Q| ev¯ÍevqbKvix cÖwZôvb wnmv‡e GjwRBwWi †Rjv Ges Dc‡Rjv Awd‡m Awf‡hvM Ges gZvgZ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Awf‡hvM e· mK‡ji Rb¨ Db¥y³ ivL‡Z n‡e| GjvKvi mKj †kÖbxi RbmvaviY mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b evavnxbfv‡e Askx`vwi‡Z¡ my‡hvM cv‡e, GUv A_©jMœx cÖwZôvb wek^e¨vs†Ki †KŠkjc‡Î wbðqZvi weavb i‡q‡Q| ÿwZMÖ¯Í fzwg ev Dcwiw¯’Z ÿwZMÖ¯Í mKj m¤ú‡`i cwigvb, Zvi gvwjKvbv, g~j gvwj‡Ki AeZ©gv‡b Zvi AvBbMZ Askx`vi‡`i e›Ubbvgv, ÿwZc~i‡Yi cwigvb ev Zvi Askbvgv, ÿwZc~iY MÖn‡Yi c×wZ GgbwK cÖK‡íi ev¯Íevq‡bi Kvi‡Y cwi‡e‡ki wech©qmn mswkøó mKj welqvw` Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËi AvIZvq Avm‡Z cv‡i| GjwRBwW Awf‡hvM wb¯úwËKi‡Yi Rb¨ A&vBbMZ Ges mswewae× †KŠkj MÖnY Ki‡e ‡hLv‡b RbmvaviY webvg~‡j¨ evavnxbfv‡e mgqg‡Zv Zv‡`i, Awf‡hvM, `vex e³e¨ BZvw` Av‡jvPbv, ch©v‡jvPbv Ges mgvav‡bi my‡hvM cv‡e| cÖK‡íi ¯’vcbv wbg©v‡bi c×wZ Ges ¸YMZ gvb wb‡q †hgb Awf‡hv‡Mi my‡hvM _vK‡e †Zgwb f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb Kg©cwiKíbv Ges mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡bI ev`x mKj cÖKvi AbymÜvb, Awf‡hvM DÌvcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| ev`xi AbymÜvb, mgm¨v, mv¤¢ve¨ Awbqg Ges Zvi cÖwZKvi GB mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbvc‡Î myiÿvi e¨e¯’v _vK‡Q| cÖK‡íi cÖwZwU †Rjvq Awf‡hvM wbimb KwgwU (wRAviwm) MVb Ges Zv Kvh©Ki Kiv n‡e| GB KwgwU ev`xi wjwLZ Awf‡hvM ev gZvgZ MÖnY K‡i Zv `ªyZ ïbvbx I wb®úwZi e¨e¯’v‡K cªvavb¨ w`‡Z cÖwZwU †mëvi‡K †K›`ª K‡i KvR Ki‡e| mvZ m`‡m¨i GB Awf‡hvM wbimb KwgwU n‡e wb¤œiæc hvi cÖavb n‡eb GjwRBwWi †Rjv wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx| 1. GjwRBwW wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx (†Rjv) : mfvcwZ 2. Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjx (Dc‡Rjv GjwRBwW Awdm) : m`m¨ mwPe 3. mgvR Dbœqb we‡klÁ, Kbmvj‡U›U : KvwiMwi mnvqZvKvix 4. BDwbqb cwil` †Pqvig¨vb : m`m¨ 5. gwnjv m`m¨, BDwbqb cwil` : m`m¨ 6. gwnjv cÖwZwbwa : m`m¨ 7. A_©jMœx cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwbwa : m`m¨ (gvV ch©v‡qi) msÿzä e¨w³i Awf‡hvM, gZvgZ Dc‡Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjx Awf‡hvM wbimb KwgwUi m`m¨ mwPe wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i ev`xi e³e¨ we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Awf‡hvM wbimb KwgwUi ‡K‡›`ª cvwV‡q w`‡eb| msÿzä e¨w³i Awf‡hvM wRAviwmi mwPevjq we‡ePbvq †Rjvi wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx mivmwi MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| m`m¨ mwPe wnmv‡e Dc†Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjx wRAviwmi wbR¯^ Awf‡hvM †iwR÷ªvi cvjb Ki‡eb| M„nxZ Awf‡hv‡Mi h_vh_ msiÿY Ges ev¯Íevq‡b m¦”QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges MYg~Lx Ki‡Z Dc†Rjv cÖ‡KŠkjx cÖK‡íi mvgvwRK msMV‡Ki mvnvh¨ I mn‡hvwMZv MÖnY Ki‡eb| wRAviwm KZ©„K M„nxZ Awf‡hv‡M †h mg¯Í Z_¨-DcvË D‡jøL _vK‡e Zv n‡jv (1) Awf‡hv‡Mi bs (2) MÖn‡Yi ZvwiL (3) ev`xi bvg/Awf‡hv‡Mi aib (4) wjsM (5) wcZv/¯^vgxi bvg (6) ev`xi we¯ÍvwiZ wVKvbv (7) ÿwZMÖ¯ÍZv Ges Zvi cÖvwß welqK Awf‡hvMbvgv (8) Awf‡hv‡Mi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY (9) cÖgvbcÎ wnmv‡e cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ Ges G ai‡bi c~‡e©Kvi †Kvb Awf‡hvM ev mgvavb _vK‡j Zvi cÖgvbvw` BZ¨vw`| wRAviwmi ‡Kvb m`m¨ msÿzä e¨w³ ev ev`xi Kv‡Q ¯^Zš¿ ev AwMÖg †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| mswkøó e¨w³ ev e¨w³eM© KwgwUi wm×všÍ †gvZv‡eK wba©vwiZ w`‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ mnKv‡i ‡Rjv GjwRBwW Awd‡m ïbvbxi Rb¨ nvwRi n‡eb| AvbyôvwbK ïbvbxi c~‡e© ev`xi Awf‡hvM wbweofv‡e ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i Zvi ms‡M cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖgvbvw` wgwj‡q †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| wRAviwm †K›`ªxq Kvh©vjq KZ©„K cÖwZwU mfvq M„nxZ wm×všÍ †iwR÷ªv‡i wjwce× Ki‡e| †iwR÷ªv‡i wjwce× wm×v‡šÍ ‡h mg¯Í welqvw`i D‡jøL _vK‡e Zv n‡jv (1) µwgK bs (2) Awf‡hv‡Mi bs (3) Awf‡hv‡Mi bvg (4) Awf‡hv‡Mi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY Ges Zvi `vex (5) ïbvbxi ZvwiL (6) m‡iRwg‡b Z`‡šÍi ZvwiL (hw` _v‡K) (7) m‡iRwg‡b Z`šÍ Ges ïbvbxi djvdj (8) wRAviwm M„nxZ wm×všÍ (9) mfvi AMÖMwZ (mgvavbK„Z, AwggvswmZ) Ges (10) wm×všÍ PzovšÍKiY| Gfv‡e †Kvb wm×všÍ P~ovšÍ n‡j Zv mgvwß ‡iwR÷ªv‡i wjwce× Ki†Z n‡e| mgvwß ‡iwR÷ªv‡i AšÍ©fz³ welqvw` n‡jv (1) µwgK bs (2) Awf‡hv‡Mi bs (3) ev`x ev Awf‡hvMKvixi bvg (4) Awf‡hv‡M wm×všÍ Ges KiYxq (5) †hvMv‡hv‡Mi aib Ges cÖK…wZ (6) mgvwßi ZvwiL (7) Awf‡hvM wb¯úwZ‡Z mš‘wó wbwðZKiY Ges (8) G ai‡bi mgm¨vi cybive„wˇiv‡a cÖkvm‡bi KiYxq| wRAviwm c×wZMZfv‡e GKg‡Zi wfwˇZ AvšÍwiKZvi Ges `ªæZZvi ms‡M AwggvswmZ welqmg~n wb®úwË Kivq ev`x ev msÿzä e¨w³e‡M©i cÖvwZôvwbK Av`vj‡Z hvevi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv, d‡j Zvi A_© I mg‡qi mvkÖq nq| G c×wZ ev`x ev msÿzä e¨w³eM©†K iv‡óªi AvBbx Av`vj‡Z hvevi cÖ‡qvRb†K iwnZ K‡i| wRAviwmi AvnevqK/mfvcwZ wb¤œewb©Z welqv`x ev¯Íevq‡bi ÿgZv msiÿY K‡i| 139 1. †Kvb Awf‡hvM KwgwUi †Kvb m`m¨ ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb e¨w³ Øviv wjwLZfv‡e evwZ‡ji mycvwik _vK‡jI wRAviwm KwgwUi mfvcwZ/AvnevqK †mwU‡K mwµq ivL‡Z cv‡ib| 2. †Kvb Av‡e`‡b †h †Kvb e¨w³i †h †Kvb mycvwik/gZvgZ hv cÖK‡íi bxwZgvjvi cwicwš’ nq, Zv evwZj Ki‡Z cv‡ib| 3. AvbyôvwbK ïbvbxi c~‡e© ev c‡i GKKfv‡e †Kvb Av‡e`‡b †Kvb wRAviwm m`m¨ mycvwik Ki‡j Zv‡K KwgwUi mfvcwZ m`m¨ wnmv‡e A‡hvM¨ †NvlYv Ki‡Z cv‡i| 4. KwgwUi mfvcwZ A‡hvM¨ ev ïb¨ c‡` mswkøó ZZ¡veavqK cÖ‡KŠkjxi mv‡_ civgk©µ‡g bZzb †Kvb m`m¨ wb‡qvM w`‡Z cvi‡eb| †m‡ÿ‡Î cÖKí mgš^qK‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Ges 5. cªK‡í ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³i ÿwZc~i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖKí KZ…©K avh©K…Z A_© ev mvnvh¨ cª`v‡b KwgwUi mfvcwZ cÖ‡qvR‡b K†Vvi n‡Z cv‡ib| 140 cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡í ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rwg, KvVv‡gv I MvQcvjvmn cÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ I AcÖwZ¯’vcbxq mKj cÖKvi m¤ú‡`i ÿwZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍvweZ bxwZgvjv ˆZix Ges cÖ`vb‡hvM¨ g~j¨ wba©viYxi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq evRvi g~j¨ hvPvB Rwic cwiPvjbvq GjwRBwW-†K wWRvBb Ges mycviwfkb Kbmvj‡U›U mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb| evRvi g~j¨ wba©viYx‡Z wb¤œewb©Z c×wZmg~n e¨eüZ n‡e|. ‡Rjv cÖkvmK g‡nv`q f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb AvB‡bi AvIZvq ÿwZc~iY (wmBDGj) wba©viY Ki‡eb| cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKvix cÖwZôvb mshy³ hvPvB KwgwU (R‡q›U †fwiwd‡Kkb KwgwU) Gi mn‡hvwMZvq cÖ¯ÍvweZ ÿwZc~iY cÖvwß QK (GbUvB‡Uj‡g›U g¨vwU&·) I ÿwZc~iY cÖ`v‡bi wbqgvejxi (‡c‡g›U gWvwjwU) wfwˇZ cÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ (mgcwigvb Rwg) g~j¨ wba©viY Ki‡eb| AwaMÖnYK„Z Rwgi gvwj‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ‡Z mshy³ hvPvB KwgwU KvR Ki‡e| mshy³ hvPvB KwgwU MV‡b wb¤œewb©Z m`m¨e„›` AšÍf©~w³ _vK‡Z cv‡i| 1. Dc-wefvMxq cÖ‡KŠkjx (GjwRBwW) 2. mgvR Dbœqb we‡klÁ, Kbmvj‡U›U 3. ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³e‡M©i cÖwZwbwa 4. ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii cÖwZwbwa 5. mswkøó ¯’vbxq f~wg Awdmvi 6. ‡iwfwbD mv‡f©qvi f~wgi evRvi`i wba©vi‡Y GLv‡b GKwU weKícš’v we‡ePbvi Rb¨ D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv| f~wgi evRvi`i wba©viYx Rwi‡c AwaMÖnYK…Z f~wgi gvbMZ welqwU my¯úófv‡e we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| f~wgi gvb we‡ePbvq Zvi eZ©gvb e¨envi, e¨env‡ii enyweaZv, Drcvw`Z c‡Y¨i g~j¨, cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvmn Ab¨vb¨ welqvejx hv Rwgi g~j¨‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i BZ¨vw` Zv we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| evRvi`i Rwic Ki‡Z wb‡¤œi wZb †kªbxi DËi`vZvi gšÍe¨ M„nxZ n‡e| 1. AwaMÖnYK…Z ‡gŠRvi (bZzb †mëvi, †givgZ ev Dbœqb wKsev ms‡hvM moK wbg©v‡bi †ÿ‡Î) cÖwZwU‡Z ˆ`e¨Pqb wfwˇZ 10 †_‡K 15 Rb f~wg gvwj‡Ki; 2. Dc-cÖKí GjvKvq AwaMÖnYK…Z Rwgi mggv‡bi J ‡gŠRvq AwZm¤úªwZ †m mKj †µZv ev we‡µZv cvIqv hvq Zv‡`i; 3. AwaMÖnYK…Z ‡gŠRvi `wjj †jLK‡`i, hviv AwZm¤úªwZ mggv‡bi Rwg µq/weµ‡qi ms‡M RwoZ wQ‡jb, hv‡Z K‡i †iwRw÷ªK…Z g~‡j¨i cwie‡Z© Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K †jb-‡`‡bi cÖK„Z g~j¨ Rvbv hvq| 1. Dc‡i ewY©Z wZb‡kªbxi DËi`vZvi wbKU ‡_‡K cÖvß g~‡j¨i M†oi e¨eavb hw` 10% ev Zvi Kg nq, Z‡e Zv‡`i c~b:Mo g~j¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e| 2. Dc‡i ewY©Z wZb‡kªbxi DËi`vZvi wbKU ‡_‡K cÖvß g~‡j¨i M†oi e¨eavb hw` 10% ev Zvi ‡ekx nq, Z‡e wggvsmvi Rb¨ ÿwZMÖ¯Í f~wg gvwjK Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í bq Ggb gvwjKmn mgv‡Rb ‡bZ„¯’vbxq e¨w³eM©, wmweI/GbwRI e¨w³iv gy³ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g avh© Ki‡eb| f~wgi cÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ g~j¨ wba©vwiZ n‡e eZ©gvb evRvi`i Ges D³ g~‡j¨i fzwg †iwR‡÷ªk‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq ÷¨v¤ú Ges Ab¨vb¨ LiP wg‡j| ÿwZMÖ¯Í evox Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vcbvi cÖwZ¯’vcbg~j¨ mshy³ hvPvB `j (R‡q›U †fwiwd‡Kkb wUg) wba©viY Ki‡eb| ïgvix Rwic Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ mshy³ hvPvB `j ¯’vcbvi ‡g†Si AvqZb Ges wbg©vb Dcv`vb hvPvB Ki‡eb| cÖK‡í ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³i ïgvix Rwic Z‡_¨ cÖvwßi wfwˇZ mKj ÿwZc~iY cÖvwß ÓZ_¨ msMÖn ZvwiL †klÓ (KvU Ad †W_) n‡q hv‡e| AvBbMZfv‡e Gi c‡i Avi †Kvb cªvwß Z_¨ ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³i bv‡g ‡hvM n‡e bv| evRvi hvPvB†qi wfwˇZ mKj cÖKvi ÿwZc~iY wba©vwiZ n‡e| evox Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vcbvi cÖwZ¯’vcbg~j¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z wewfbœ wbg©vb Dcv`vb, kÖwg‡Ki LiPmn Ab¨vb¨ mKj LiP ¯’vbxq evRvi `‡ii wfwˇZ wba©viY n‡e| wbg©vb Dcv`vb LiP ej‡Z BU, wm‡g›U, ÷xj, evjy, euvk, KvV, wRAvB wmU, Qv‡`i Dcv`vb †hgb Qb, †MvjcvZv, BZ¨vw` ˆZix LiPmn wb‡¤œi c×wZ‡Z we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e: 141 3. ¯’vcbvi wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ wba©viYx Rwi‡c cuvPRb wWjvi ev ¯’vbxq Drcv`bKvix we‡ePbvq Avm‡e| 4. ¯’vcbvi cÖwZ¯’vcbg~j¨ wba©viY n‡e mswkøó wbg©vb Dcv`v‡bi me©wb¤œ evRvi`i Ges Gi mv‡_ Dc-cÖK‡í ‡cŠQv‡bvi LiP †hvM n‡e| 5. cÖ‡qvRbxq wewfbœ Lv‡Zi `ÿ kÖwg‡Ki wbg©vb LiP wba©vi‡b ¯’vbxq wVKv`vi, GjwRBwW Kg©KZ©v ev ¯’vbxq wbg©vb kÖwgK‡`i mvÿvrKvi MÖnY Kiv n‡e| Gfv‡e GgwWGmwc-Gi mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv 2014 Abymv‡i cÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ Ab¨vb¨ mKj cªKvi ¯’vcbvi cÖwZ¯’vcbg~j¨ wba©vwiZ n‡e mswkøó mKj wbg©vb Dcv`v‡bi eZ©gvb evRvi`i Ges Zvi cwienb Ges wbg©vb LiP we‡ePbvq wb‡q| MvQ Ges Ab¨vb¨ AcÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ m¤ú` 1. cÖKí Øviv ÿwZMÖ¯Í mKj †kªYxi Mv‡Qi evRvi g~j¨ wba©vwiZ n‡e ¯’vbxq mgRvZxq KvV I R¦vjvbx e¨emvqx‡`i µqg~j Rwi‡ci wfwˇZ| ÿwZc~iY wba©vi‡Yi ‡ÿ‡Î cªvß `‡ii m‡eŸ©v”P g~j¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e| 2. cÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ m¤ú‡`i ÿwZc~iY wba©vi‡Yi ‡ÿ‡Î mswkøó m¤ú‡`i eZ©gvb evRvig~j¨ ¯’vbxq evRv‡ii wWjvi ev e¨emvqx‡`i wb‡q Rwi‡ci wfwˇZ n‡e| 1. dj Ges Ab¨vb¨ k‡m¨i ÿwZc~iY dj Ges k‡m¨ msMÖ‡ni mgqKvjxb `i we‡ewPZ n‡e| ¯’vbxq evRv‡ii 7 †_‡K 10 Rb wWjvi/e¨emvqxi gva¨‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq wewfbœ RvZxq dj Ges Ab¨vb¨ k‡m¨i g~j¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡e| ÿwZc~iY wba©vi‡Yi ‡ÿ‡Î cªvß `‡ii m‡eŸ©v”P g~j¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e| 2. evRvi g~j¨ Rwic hZUv m¤¢e ïiæ n‡e f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi wbKUZg ¯’v‡b Ges mg‡q| GjwRBwW ÿwZMÖ¯Í cÖ‡qvRbxq wewfbœ m¤ú‡`i cÖwZ¯’vcbg~j¨ MÖnb/msiÿY Ki‡e Ges cÖ‡qvRb gvwdK AvBwWG †K cybwe©‡ePbvi Rb¨ msMÖ‡n ivL‡e| 142 ÿwZc~iY Ges cÖvßZv QK cÖvßZv hvnvi cÖvc¨ 1. wmBDGj (50% wcÖwgqvgmn)| wmBDGj A_ev 1. cÖK„Z gvwjK/gvwjKMb, gU©‡MR MÖnxZv hv‡K †Rjv cÖwZ¯’vcb g~†j¨i †hUv †ekx| cÖkvmK wmBDGj w`‡q‡Qb ev cÖ‡hvR¨ †ÿ‡Î 2. AwaMÖnY/Pvwn`vK…Z f~wgi ÿwZc~iY mshy³ Z`šÍ Av`vjZ avh© K‡i‡Qb| `j wba©viY Ki‡e| 2. Askx/ gU©‡MR MÖnxZv Pyw³c‡Îi gva¨‡g wba©vwiZ 3. nviv‡bv f~wgi mgcwigvb µq Kivi ÷¨v¤ú wWDwU n‡e| avh© n‡e| 4. ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ welqvw` 1. †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j KZ©„K wba©vwiZ g~j¨B n‡jv f~wgi 1. 3 aviv †bvwUk Rvixi ciB ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡K ÿwZc~i†Y cÖwZ¯’vcb g~†j¨i wfwË| †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j KZ©„K cÖvß hveZxq wbqgvejx/†KŠkjcÎ AewnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| D”P g~j¨wU we‡ewPZ n‡e| 2. ‡Rjv cÖkvmK g‡nv`q KZ…©K cÖ‡`q ÿwZc~iY ‡c‡Z 2. ÷¨v¤ú wWDwU cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZ¯’vwcZ f~wg µq Kiv f~wg msµvšÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ msMÖ‡n ÿwZMÖ¯Í eva¨Zvg~jK bq| e¨w³‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| 3. ‡f‡óW Ges AbvevwmK f~wg e¨enviKvixMY wjR 3. ‡gŠRv wfwËK f~wgi eZ©gvb evRvi`i wba©viY Ki‡Z MÖwnZv e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡eb, †Kvb cÖK‡íi Ab~`vb n‡e Zvi ¸YMZ gvb wePvi K‡i, e¨env‡ii enyweaZv, cvevi Rb¨ ‡hvM¨ we‡ewPZ n‡eb bv| Drcvw`Z k‡m¨i evRvi g~j¨, eb¨vi cÖfve, †m‡Pi 4. `Ûvqgvb k‡m¨i †ÿ‡Î km¨ DVv‡bvi mgq AwMÖg myweav, cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvmn Ab¨vb¨ welqvejx hv Rwgi †bvwUk cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| hw` Zv m¤¢e bv nq, Z‡e g~j¨‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i BZ¨vw` Zv we‡ePbvq †i‡L| mv¤¢ve¨ c~b© gvÎvi k‡m¨I g~j¨ cª`vb Kiv n‡e| 4. cÖKí KL‡bv ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³i ÿwZc~iY ‡_‡K †Kvb 5. cÖKí KZ©„K cÖ`vbK…Z m‡e©v”P A†_©i g‡a¨ ÷¨v¤ú e‡Kqv ev Ki Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| wWDwU AšÍ©fz³ _vK‡e| 1. cÖKí mvgwMÖKfv‡e Zvi ev¯Íevqb, mgbœq Ges mgqg‡Zv A_© cÖ`vbmn miKv‡ii me ai‡bi myweavw` cÖ`v‡bi wbðqZvmn `vwqZ¡ enb K†i| 2. ‡Rjv cÖkvmb AwaMÖnYK…Z f~wgi cÖK…Z gvwjK‡K Zvi gvwjKvbvi c‡ÿ AvBbbvb~M mKj cÖgvbvw` mv‡c‡ÿ wmBDGj cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| 3. cÖK‡íi wUG Kbmvj‡U›Um mKj ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡K cybe©vmb Kg© cwiKíbv AewnZ Ki‡eb, mg‡hvc‡hvMx Z_¨ †c‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb, wmBDGj wePv‡i cÖwZ¯’vcbg~‡j¨i AwZwi³ A_© cÖ`vb Ki‡eb, ÷¨v¤ú wWDwU cÖ`vb Ki‡eb Ges c~be©vmb Kg© cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq‡b ‡`Lfvj Ges AMÖMwZi cÖwZ‡e`b `vwLj Ki‡eb| 1. wmBDGj (50% wcÖwgqvgmn) A_ev cÖwZ¯’vcb g~†j¨i †hUv †ekx, (cyKzi cyKz‡ii AvBbMZ gvwjK f~wgi cwigv‡bi Lb‡bi LiPmn). Dci ÿwZc~iY cv‡eb, †hLv‡b 2. ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³ gvQ msMÖn K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡eb/gRy` ivL‡Z cvi‡eb??| 3. hw` cyKziwU miKvix †Kvb cÖwZôvb †_‡K wjR †bIqv nq, Zvn‡j wj‡Ri gvQPvlx/mvgvwRK ev AvBMZ e¨enviKvix wbqg Ab~hvqx ÿwZc~iY cv‡eb| Pv‡li Rb¨ ÿwZc~iY cv‡eb| ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ welqvw` 1. ‡kÖwY 1 Gi cÖv‡qvwMK wb‡`©wkKvi 1,2 I 3 Gi Ab~iæc| gRy`xK…Z gvQ Ges Zvi eZ©gvb evRvi 2. hw` gv‡Qi cyKziwU miKvix f~wg‡Z nq Ges †Kvb wjR Pzw³ bv _v‡K, g~j¨ †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j grm¨ wefv‡Mi Z‡e eZ©gvb gRy`K…Z gv‡Qi 25% ÿwZc~iY cv‡eb, wKbÍy c~‡iv gvQB wZwb wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡eb| wbqgvbyhvqx wba©viY Ki‡eb| ‡kÖwb 1 G ewb©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iƒc| 143 1. wmBDGj (50% wcÖwgqvgmn) A_ev cÖwZ¯’vcb g~†j¨i †hUv †ekx; 1. ‡Rjv cÖkvmb KZ…©K mbv³K…Z 2. cÖK…Z gvwj‡Kiv evwo wbg©vb Aby`vb (GBPwmwR) cv‡eb; cÖK„Z gvwjK/gvwjKMY (wmBDGj 3. `LjKvixMY Zvi KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ n¯ÍvšÍi Aby`vb (GBPwUwR) cv‡eb Ges Kg g~‡j¨i Abymv‡i), ev cÖ‡hvR¨ †ÿ‡Î KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ (hviv `vwi`ª mxgvi wb‡Pi KvVvgv gvwjKMY-fvjbv‡iej) evox wbg©vb Av`vjZ avh© K‡i‡Qb; Aby`vbI (GBPwmwR) cv‡eb| 2. cybe©vmb Kg©-cwiKíbv Rwic 4. mKj cÖKvi evox ev KvVv‡gv gvwjKMY D×viK…Z KvVv‡gv wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡eb; †gvZv‡eK ev mvgvwRKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z 5. KvVv‡gvi fvov‡UMY Ab¨Î m‡i hvevi Rb¨ AwMg †bvwUk cv‡eb, cÖ‡qvRbxq `wi`ª e¨w³MY hviv miKvix f~wg‡Z ¯’vbvšÍi LiP Aby`vb wnmv‡e ‡`Iqv n‡e| Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb; 3. fvov‡U e¨w³MY hviv AvevwmK ev e¨emvwqK Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Qb; ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ welqvw` 1. cÖK„Z gvwjKMY: 3 aviv †bvwUk Rvixi mgq AwaMÖnYK„Z e¨w³MZ f~wg‡Z †h mKj evwo 1. †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j ïgvix Rwic Z‡_¨i KvVv‡gvi ev KvVv‡gv cvIqv †M‡Q Zv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨; †g‡S AvqZb Ges DcKiY hvPvB‡qi 2. SuzwKMª¯’ `LjKvix: (K) ¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ KvVv‡gv †h¸‡jv LyeB Kg g~‡j¨i DcKiY †hgb, Qb, KvV, euvk, wUb BZ¨vw` Øviv ˆZix (mn‡R miv‡bvi Dc‡hvMx) Zv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ gva¨‡g; (L) AcÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ KvVv‡gv †h¸‡jv Ggb †h ¯’vbvšÍ‡i DcKi‡Yi Dc‡hvwMZv †kl n‡q hvq, †hgb- gvwU , cv‡Ui †mvjv BZvw`i gvwjKMY ÿwZc~i‡Yi A‡hvM¨ n‡eb hw` (1) KvVv‡gv wb‡R e¨envi bv K‡ib (2) fvov w`‡q _v‡Kb; 2. ïgvix Rix‡ci gva¨‡g mKj cÖKvi KvVv‡gvi 3. SzuwKMÖ¯Í `LjKvix: (K) ¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ KvVv‡gvi †ÿ‡Î GBPwUwR Ges GBPwmwR AšÍ©f~w³i mgq †kl n‡q hv‡e (KvU Ad cÖwZeM©dzU KvVv‡gv 20 UvKv wnmv‡e (wKš‘ †gvU UvKv me©wb¤œ 1500 UvKv Ges m‡e©v”P 2000 UvKv) cv‡eb; (L) A¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ AvevwmK/evwbwR¨K KvVv‡gvi †ÿ‡Î GBPwmwR †WU), hv wmBDGj- G AšÍ©f~³ nq bvB| cÖwZeM©dzU KvVv‡gv 30 UvKv wnmv‡e (wKš‘ †gvU UvKv me©wb¤œ 2500 UvKv Ges m‡e©v”P 3000 UvKv) cv‡eb; 4. A¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ evwo/KvVv‡gvi †h¸‡jv `vgx DcKiY w`‡q ˆZix (†hgb- ‡`qvj BU Ges Qv` XvjvB, ‡`qvj BU Ges Qv` wRAvB wmU, wm‡g‡›Ui †g‡S BZ¨vw`) Ges miKvix f~wg‡Z Aew¯’Z †m¸‡jvi gvwjKMY ÿwZc~iY wKsev mvnv‡h¨I Rb¨ A‡hvM¨ n‡eb;.1 5. ÿz`ª KvVv‡gv hv LywUi Dci `Ûvqgvb Ges †Kvb cÖKvi Ask wew”Qbœ bv K‡iB ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv hvq (iv¯Ívi cv‡ki cvb, wewo/wmMv‡i‡Ui †`vKvb, Pv ÷j BZvw`) Ggb KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ †Kvb ÿwZc~iY cv‡e bv, Z‡e weKí ¯’vb †c‡Z mvnvh¨ -mn‡hvwMZv Ges ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ Aby`vb cv‡eb; 6. ÓKvU Ad †WUÓ Gi c‡i wbwg©Z †Kvb cÖKvi ¯’vcbv (ïgvix Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g mKj cÖKvi KvVv‡gvi AšÍ©f~w³i mgq hLb †kl n‡q hvq) ÿwZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e bv; 7. SuzwKMÖ¯Í `LjKvixM‡bi weKí evm¯’vb wPwýZ Ki‡Z cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKvix cÖwZôvb ¯’vbxq cÖkvm‡bi mnvqZvq AvšÍwiKfv‡e KvR Ki‡e; 8. mKj cÖKvi ÿwZc~i‡Yi A‡_©i wfwË n‡e cÖwZ¯’vcb‡hvM¨ A_© hv wbiæwcZ n‡q‡Q eZ©gvb evRvi `i Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g| ‡kÖwY 1 G ewY©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iyc| 1. Kv‡Vi MvQ I euvk: eZ©gvb evRvi `i Abyhvqx; 1. ‡Rjv cÖkvmb KZ…©K mbv³K…Z cÖK„Z gvwjK/gvwjKMY (wmBDGj Abymv‡i); 2. djevb e„ÿ (KvV e¨ZxZ): hw` MvQwU dj w`‡”Q A_ev dj †`evi mg‡qi KvQvKvwQ nq, †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j KZ…©K wba©vwiZ g~j¨ Abyhvqx; 2. mvgvwRKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z `wi`ª e¨w³MY hviv miKvix f~wg‡Z Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb; 3. djevb e„ÿ (KvVmn): hw` MvQwU dj w`‡”Q A_ev dj †`evi mg‡qi KvQvKvwQ nq, †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j KZ…©K wba©vwiZ g~j¨ Abyhvqx; 3. hviv miKv†ii ‡Kvb G‡RÝx †_‡K Kvh©Ki †Kvb wjR Pzw³ 1 The assumption is that these are encroachers (land grabbers, often with backing of influential people) setting up structures illegally on public lands, as opposed to vulnerable squatters who have no choice but to set up living quarters there. 144 4. cªwZwU Mv‡Qi Rb¨ GKKvjxb Drcvw`Z d‡ji wba©vwiZ g~j¨ Abyhvqx; K‡i‡Qb; 5. miKv‡ii ev GbwRI-Gi ‡Kvb cÖK‡íi MvQ: Dc‡ii µg 1, 2, 3 Ges 4 Gi Abyiyc; 4. `jMZfv‡e hviv miKv†ii ‡Kvb G‡RÝx/GbwRI mnvqZvq 6. ÿwZc~i‡Yi c‡i gvwjK MvQ †K‡U wb‡q hvevi AbygwZ cv‡eb| Av‡Qb; ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ welqvw` 1. wewfbœ †kÖwb I mvB‡Ri (eo, gvSvix I †QvU) wfwˇZ Mv‡Qi eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨; ‡hLv‡b `je× gvwjKvbv i‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b cÖKí 2. †gŠmygx djMv‡Qi †ÿ‡Î mv¤¢ve¨ wZb eQ‡ii Drcvw`Z d‡ji evRvi g~j¨ (†gŠmy‡gi ev¯ÍevqbKvix cÖwZôvb‡K cÖgvb Ki‡Z †h ÿwZc~iY mg‡qi `v‡gi wfwˇZ wba©vwiZ n‡e); `‡ji Pzw³cÎ Abyhvqx mKj m`m¨‡K weZib Kiv 3. ‡hLv‡b `je× gvwjKvbv i‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b ÿwZc~iY GKKfv‡e †Kvb e¨w³‡K A_ev Zvi n‡q‡Q| c„ó‡cvlK cÖwZôvb‡K †`Iqv hv‡e bv| ‡kÖwb 1 G ewb©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iyc| 1. AwaMÖnYK…Z f~wg n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii mgq `Ûvqgvb k‡m¨i ÿwZc~iY; Pvlx (whwb Pvl/ebb K‡i‡Qb) wnmv‡e gvwjK, wjR MÖwnZv, 2. Pvlx Zvi dmj/km¨ †K‡U wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡e| fvov‡U, eM©vPvlx, BZ¨vw` (wewam¤§Z A_ev †gŠwLK) hv‡K ‡hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j P~ovšÍ K‡i‡Qb| ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ welqvw` 1. ‡hŠ_ Z`šÍ `‡ji wePv‡i dm‡ji †gŠmy‡g k‡m¨i evRvi g~j¨; 1. f~wg n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii mgq ‡hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j m‡iRwg‡b hvPvB‡qi gva¨‡g Zv evRvi g~j¨ wba©viY Ki‡eb;. 2. `Ûvqgvb k‡m¨i †ÿ‡Î km¨ DVv‡bvi mgq AwMÖg †bvwUk cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|w`k‡m¨i m¤¢e bv nq, Z‡e mv¤¢ve¨ c~Y© gvÎvi k‡m¨ g~j¨ cª`vb Kiv n‡e . 2. f~wg n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii mgq m‡iRwg‡b hvPvB Ki‡e, f~wg‡Z †mLv‡b 3. eM©vPvlx‡K RxweKv cybyiæ×vi Kg©m~Px‡Z AšÍ©fy³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| ‡Kvb km¨ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q wKbv| ‡kÖwb 1 G ewb©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iyc| 1. e¨emvq †_‡K Avq-DcvR©b nviv‡bvi Rb¨ ÿwZc~iY; 1. 3 aviv †bvwUk Rvixi mgq A_ev ïgvix Rwi‡ci mg‡q cÖvß ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨emvq 2. e¨w³MZ f~wg‡Z Aew¯’Z KvVv‡gv fvov †_‡K DcvwR©Z Avq nviv‡bvi Rb¨ ÿwZc~iY; KvVv‡gv‡Z cwiPvwjZ e¨emvi cwiPvjK (cÖK…Z gvwjK?? A_ev `Lj`vwi‡Z¡ SzuwKMÖ¯Í e¨emvqx wKsev fvov wb‡q e¨emvq Ki‡Qb) Ggb e¨emvqx; 2. f~wg Ges KvVv‡gvi cÖK…Z gvwjK (fvov †`Iqv _vK‡j)| ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ welqvw` 1. e¨emv‡qi Avq nviv‡bvi Rb¨ ÿwZc~i‡Yi wfwË n‡e cÖwZw`‡bi Mo 1. ‰ea ¯’vqx KvVv‡gv hvi f~wg Ges †`qvj Awew”Qbœ (GKK Ae¯’vq DcvR©b wnmv‡e wZb gv‡mi hv †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j wba©viY Ki‡e; ¯’vbvšÍi †hvM¨ bq) 2. wbR¯^ f~wg‡Z Aew¯’Z KvVv‡gv hviv fvov w`‡q‡Qb ZvivI wZb gv‡mi fvov ÿwZc~iY wnmv‡e cv‡eb hv †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j wba©viY Ki‡e; 2. ïgvix Rwi‡c cÖvß e¨emv‡qi aib, †g‡Si AvqZb Ges wewb‡qvMK…Z 3. miKvix f~wg‡Z wbwg©Z KvVv‡gvi gvwjK ‡hLv‡b gvSvix AvKv‡ii g~jab; 145 e¨emv cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q (Gb‡µvPvi), G‡ÿ‡Î gvwjK †Kvb fvov 3. e¨emv‡qi gvwj‡Ki, KvVv‡gvi gvwj‡Ki Ges fvov‡Ui AvBbMZ ÿwZc~iY wnmv‡e cv‡eb hv;2 ˆeaZv †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j hvPvB Ki‡e; 4. SuzwKMÖ¯Í `Lj`vi (†¯‹vqvUvi) hviv AcÖvwZôvwbKfv‡e e¨emvq Ki‡Qb, Zviv RxweKv cybiæ×vi Kg©m~Px‡Z AšÍ©fy³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| (ÿwZc~iY Ges cÖvc¨Zv bxwZgvjv †`Lyb) ‡kÖwY 1 G ewY©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iyc| ÿwZ A¯’vqxfv‡e wbqwgZ/¯’vqx kÖwg‡Ki kÖg nviv‡bvi Ab~`vb wnmv‡e wZb gv‡mi gRyix ev cÖvß eq¯‹ e¨w³ hviv e¨w³MZ ev miKvix f~wg‡Z ¯’vbvšÍi mg‡qi Rb¨, A_ev Abyiæc †Kvb e¨emv‡q/cÖwZôv‡b PvKzix cvevi AvM ch©šÍ Aew¯’Z ÿwZMÖ¯Í/¯’vbvšÍwiZ e¨emvwqK cÖwZôv‡b ‡`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i|?? Kgc‡ÿ Qq gvm a‡i Kg©iZ Av‡Qb| ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ 1. PvKzixi ‰`N©mxgv MYbv n‡e cÖK‡íi KvU Ad †WU †_‡K c~‡e©i mgqKvj; 1. ÿwZMÖ¯Í/¯’vbvšÍwiZ e¨emvwqK cÖwZôv‡b Kg©iZ 2. Ab~`vb = ˆ`wbK gR~ix x 3 gvm, G wnmv‡e †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j hv wba©viY Ki‡e; Kg©Pvixi msL¨v †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j hvPvB Ki‡e| 3. e¨emv‡qi gvwjK‡`i Kv‡R hw` †Kvb wkï mn‡hvwM wnmv‡e _v‡K, Z‡e wkïiv †Kvb Ab~`v‡bi Rb¨ we‡e‡wPZ n‡e bv; cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKvix cÖwZôvb ( ‡kÖwb 1 Ges 2 G ewb©Z `vwq‡Z¡i µwgK 1 Ges 3 Gi Ab~iyc) Dc‡i ewb©Z ‡kÖwb 1 I 2 G gi‡MR&W, wjR †bIqv Ges LvB-Lvjvwm Rwg nviv‡bv 1. AvBbvbyM Pzw³cÎ m¤^wjZ e¨w³; 2. ‡gŠwLK Pzw³cÎ m¤^wjZ e¨w³; ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ 1. cÖK…Z gvwjK, gi‡MRx/wjR †nvìvi †Rjv cÖkvmb KZ…©K wmBDGj cv‡eb; 1. µg 1 Ges 2 Gi †Kv_vq Pzw³ †gŠwLK? 2. cÖK…Z gvwjK †Rjv cÖkvmb KZ…©K wmBDGj cÖvßxi c‡i †gŠwLKfv‡e Pzw³cÎ Abyhvqx e¨w³‡K ÿwZMÖ¯Í m¤ú` we‡ePbvq †i‡L †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j cÖ`vb Ki‡eb;?? gi‡MRx, wjR †bIqv Ges LvB-Lvjvwm Rwg 3. wmBDGj hw` cÖK‡íi cÖwZ¯’vcbg~‡j¨i Kg nq Z‡e cÖK…Z gvwjK D”PZi g~j¨ MÖnY Ki‡eb| nviv‡bv e¨w³ hvPvB Ki‡eb (1) hw` me cvIbv BwZg‡a¨B cwi‡kvwaZ nq, (2) hw` bv nq, Z‡e Zv cwi‡kv‡ai ci Aewkó 2. hw` †gŠwLK Pzw³cÎ we‡ePbvq †Kvb AvcwË MÖnY Ki‡eb| wKš‘ hw` cÖKí †_‡K cÖvß mKj A‡_©i c‡iI cvIbv Acwi‡kvwaZ _v‡K Z‡e gvwjK cvIqv, Zv AvcwË wbimb KwgwU (wRAviwm) Zv cwi‡kva Ki‡eb| mgvavb Ki‡eb| ‡kÖwb 1 G ewb©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iyc| 2 These would not be vulnerable squatters, but encroachers/land-grabbers 146 1. AwaMÖnYK…Z K…wl Rwgi Drcvw`Z G& eQi ev Zvi c‡ii eQ‡ii mKj k‡m¨i g~‡j¨i wZb¸b;?? ïgvix Rwic †gvZv‡eK ‡f‡÷W 2. hw` AvevwmK f~wgi GKwU Ask AwaMÖnY Kiv nq, Z‡e e¨enviKvix‡K Aewkó As‡k emev‡mi Ges bb‡iwm‡W›U cÖcviwUR AbygwZ cv‡e Ges Zvi evwo/KvVv‡gv ¯’vbvšÍ‡i mn‡hvwMZvmn cÖK‡íi eivÏK…Z GBPwUwR Ges GBPwmwR e¨enviKvix wPwýZ n‡e| cv‡ib| ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ 1. ïaygvÎ †mB mg¯Í †ÿ‡Î e¨envi n‡e †h¸‡jv †Rjv cÖkvmb AwaMÖn‡Yi mgq wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb; D³ m¤úwË wfGbAvi wnmv‡e Av‡M 2. m¤úwË wfGbAvi wnmv‡e 1984 Gi gva¨‡g mbv³ n‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv| Pzw³cÎ _vKv (1984 ev Zvi Av‡M) A_ev mv‡c‡ÿ G ai‡bi f~wg †Rjv cÖkvm‡b wjR MÖwnZv e‡j MY¨ n‡e Ges cÖKí KZ©„cÿ Zv we‡ePbvq wb‡q GgwWGmwc-Gi Rb¨ AwaMÖn‡Y KvR Ki‡e| mbv³ n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv †hŠ_ Z`šÍ `j hvPvB Ki‡e| ‡kÖwY 1 G ewb©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iyc| ÿwZi Ab¨vb¨ †Kvb cÖfv‡e †Kvb ÿwZ n‡q _vK‡j, hv Dc‡i ewb©Z nq bvB, Zv wbimb/ev ÿwZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ AvBbMZ gvwjK, `Lj`vi I Ab¨vb¨ GB cÖvc¨Zv Q‡K ewb©Z bxwZgvjvi wfwˆZB wba©vwiZ n‡e| cÖvc¨Zvi aib I wbimb †KŠkj Zvi e¨w³eM© hvnviv AwaMÖnYK„Z f~wg‡Kw›`ªK cwigvb evsjv‡`k miKvi I AvBwWG KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z nIqv DwPr| mnvqZv cv‡”Qb| ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ cÖK‡íi cÖfv‡ei aib Ges ïgvix Rwi‡ci wfwˇZ; evsjv‡`k miKvi I AvBwWG Gi m¤§wZ‡Z; ‡kÖwY 1 G ewY©Z (K…wl Ges e¨emvwqK f~wg nviv‡bv) Gi `vwq‡Z¡i Ab~iyc| 147 1. eZ©gvb †KŠkjc‡Îi c~b©gyj¨vqb, AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb cÖK‡í evsjv‡`‡ki cÖPwjZ f~wg AwaMÖnY Ges cybe©vmb AvB‡bi AvIZvq cÖmÍvweZ eZ©gvb cÖK‡íi cÖv‡qvwMK e¨vL¨v cÖ`vbmn w`Kwb‡`©kbv cªYqb| 2. wek^e¨vs‡Ki mvgvwRK Dbœqb I myiÿv welqK †KŠkjc‡Îi AvIZvaxb Awb”QvK…Z cybe©vmb (Awc 4.12) Ges b„ZvwËK msjNy m¤úª`v‡qi Rb¨ cÖYxZ cÖ‡qvwMK ‡KŠkjc‡Îi c~b©gyj¨vqb, Ges Zvi AvIZvq cÖmÍvweZ eZ©gvb cÖK‡íi cÖv‡qvwMK e¨vL¨v cÖ`vbmn w`Kwb‡`©kbv cªYqb. 3. eZ©gvb BwmAviAviwc cÖK‡íi mvgvwRK Ges c~be©vmb †KŠkj cwiwacÎ msMÖn, `y‡h©vMKvjxb eûgvwÎK AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Dbœqb Ges ¯’vc‡b Rb¨ BwmAviAviwcmn Ges GjwRBwW-Gi m`„kc~b© Ab¨vb¨ cªK‡í †KŠk‡ji e¨env‡ii c~b©gyj¨vqb| D³ g~j¨vq‡bi wfwˇZ mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv I myiÿv †KŠkjc‡Îi ev¯Íevq‡b myweav‡fvMx m¤úª`v‡qi g‡a¨ mv¤¢ve¨ BwZevPK Ges bxwZevPK cÖfve wbb©q Kiv| 4. mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiwacÎ (GmGgGd) cybwe‡ePbv Kiv, mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b gZwewbg‡qi †ÿÎ Ges QK cÖYqb Kiv, cÖK‡íi wbqvgK †kªwb wbb©‡q ïcvwikgvjv ˆZix, Ges cÖK‡í ¯^”QZv Ges Revew`wnZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Zv‡`i AšÍf©yw³, AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kiv| 5. cÖK‡í ÿwZM¯Í gwnjv, nZ`wi`ª Ges Dc-RvZxq Rbmvavi‡Yi Pvwn`v‡K we‡kl MyiæZ¡ w`‡q mvgvwRK gZwewbgq mfv Ges we‡kl we‡kl †kÖwbi mv‡_ djcÖmy Av‡jvPbvi Kivi e¨e¯’v Kiv| `~‡h©vMKvjxb eûgvwÎK AvkÖq†K‡›`ªi Dbœqb Ges ¯’vc‡b Zv‡`i gZvgZ ¯’vcbvi wWRvBb, K‡jei, gvb, my‡hvM-myweavmn mswkøó mKj †ÿ‡Î we‡ePbvq G‡b mvgvwRK Ges cybe©vmb †KŠkj cwiwac†Îi Pvwn`v c~ib Kiv| 6. cÖKí GjvKvi wewfbœ Av_©-mvgvwRK Z_¨-DcvË Ges gZwewbg‡qi wfwˇZ cÖvß Z_¨ e¨envi K‡i GjvKvi ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ges myweav‡fvMx Rbmvavi‡Yi Dbœq‡bi Pz¤^K Z_¨ cªgvb cÖ`vb I eY©bv Kiv| 7. Av_©-mvgvwRK Z_¨-DcvË Ges gZwewbg‡qi gva¨‡g cÖKí GjvKvi `~‡h©vMKvjxb AvkÖq‡K›`ªª wbg©vb, †givgZ wKsev AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi ms‡hvM moK wbg©vb Pvwn`vcÎ ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e| wbe©vwPZ Dc-cÖKí evmÍevq‡b cÖwZwU c¨v‡K‡Ri Rb¨ mswkøë mK‡ji wewam¤§Z AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv cwiKíbv (GmGgwc) Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b cybe©vmb Kg©cwiKíbv ‰Zix Ki‡Z n‡e| 8. cÖK‡í ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³, ÿwZi gvÎvm~PK, wbY©‡qi wfwË, ÿwZc~i‡Yi cÖvc¨ e¨w³ Ges Zvi cÖvc¨Zv, ev¯Íevqb †KŠkj, cÖKí wbwiÿv I g~j¨vqb c×wZ, msÿzä e¨w³i Awf‡hvM I Zvi wb¯úwËi c×wZ Ges mswkøó e¨eüZ kãvejxi my¯úó msÁv I e¨L¨v Ki‡Z n‡e| 9. cÖKí MÖnY I ev¯Íevq‡b ¯^”QZv Ges Revew`wnZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ Z_¨ cÖPvi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b Rbmvavi‡Yi AskMÖnY I gZvgZ cÖavb¨ cvq, cÖK‡í mvgvwRK MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv e„w× cvq| 148 wbg©vb cÖ¯ÍvweZ N~wY©So Avkªq‡K›`ª Ges AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi ms‡hvM iv¯Ív 1. Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi bvgt ......................................................... ‡KvW bst ... 2. wVKvbvt MÖvg: ............................................ BDwbqb: ..................................... Dc‡Rjv: ...................................... †Rjv: .................................. 3. Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi myweavi AvIZv ev mxgvbv: †gvU MÖv‡gi msL¨v: MÖv‡gi bvg cwievi b„‡Mvwôi RbmsL¨v cwievi Avkªq‡K›`ª †_‡K `yiZ¡ Avkªq‡K›`ª †_‡K †Kvb m m w`‡ (w s s K gU L L vi ¨ ¨ ) v v †gvU †KvW: 1) DËi, 2) DËi-c~e© 3) c~e© 4) `wÿY-c~e© 5) `wÿY 6) `wÿY-cwðg 7) cwðg 8) DËi-cwðg 4. Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi aviY ¶gZv: ---------------------- Rb| 5. ‡gvU SuywKMÖ¯Í RbmsL¨vi Zzjbvq Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi aviY ¶gZvt ......................... % 6. Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi Ae¯’vb: [1] MÖv‡gi ev MÖvgmg~‡ni †K‡›`ª Aew¯’Z - [1] cvKv iv¯Ívi mv‡_ [2] KuvPv iv¯Ívi mv‡_ [3] †Kvb iv¯Ív †bB| [2] GK cÖv‡šÍ Aew¯’Z - [1] cvKv iv¯Ívi mv‡_ [2] KuvPv iv¯Ívi mv‡_ [3] †Kvb iv¯Ív †bB| [3] Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi †mev mxgvbvq emevmKvix 25% †jv‡Ki Rb¨ mnRMg¨| [n¨vu/bv] Z_¨ msMÖnKvixi bvg I ¯^v¶i: ........................................................... ZvwiL: ................... 149 Dbœqb cÖ¯ÍvweZ NywY©So Avkªq‡K›`ª 1. Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi/iv¯Ívi bvg: .............................................................................. †KvW bs ...... 2. myweavcÖvß MÖv‡gi/MÖvgmg~‡ni bvg: ...................................................................................... 3. RbmsL¨v: ‡gvU cwiev‡ii msL¨v: ............................. †gvU RbmsL¨v: ................................... 4. cyiæl RbmsL¨v: ............................. gwnjv RbmsL¨v: ................................... 5. a‡g©i w`K †_‡K RbmsL¨vi AbycvZ: ag©/‡MvÎ/Dc-‡MvÎ RbmsL¨vi AbycvZ (%) cwiev‡ii msL¨v RbmsL¨v 6. N~wY©So ev cÖvK…wZK `~‡h©v‡M SuzwKMÖ¯Í cwiev‡ii msL¨v: ...... wU cwievi (cvKv/‡mwg cvKv Ni e¨wZZ) ag©/‡MvÎ/Dc-‡MvÎ SuzwKMÖ¯Í cwiev‡ii msL¨v 7. MÖv‡g †Kvb †Mvôx (†hgb-g~wP, †Wvg, PÛvj, gvwj) Av‡Q wK hviv mgvR †_‡K wb‡R‡`i Avjv`v iv‡L? [1] Av‡Q / [2] ‡bB 7.K hw` _v‡K, KZ¸‡jv cwievi? ............ cwievi| 7.L Zv‡`i ag©: ................................................................ 7.M Zv‡`i RvwZ‡Mvôx: ...................................................... 7.M g~j mgv‡R †_‡K Zviv Kxfv‡e Avjv`v Zvi weeiY: ........................................................................................................................................... ........... 8. Avkªq †K‡›`ªi myweav †c‡Z Zv‡`i Kx Kx civgk© Av‡Q? ........................................................................................................................................... 10. 2007 mvB‡K¬vb wmW‡i G MÖv‡g Kx ai‡bi ¶q¶wZ n‡qwQj? ...................................................................................................... 11. ¶wZMÖ¯Í GjvKvi cwievimg~‡ni H wmW‡i m¤ú`nvbxi gvÎv (kZKiv nv‡i)t 150 ¶wZMÖ¯Í/nviv‡bv m¤ú‡`im¤úyb© ÿwZMÖ¯Í AvswkK ÿwZMÖ¯’ mvgvb¨ ÿwZMÖ¯’ kZKiv nv‡i ÿwZ bvg (%) dmjnvbx grm¨ m¤ú`: ¯’vqx m¤ú‡`i ¶wZ Mevw`cï - g„Zy¨: GjvKvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i - - .................. Rb (cÖ‡hvR¨ N‡i wUK wPý w`b) 12. mvB‡K¬vb †mëvi _vK‡j GjvKvi wK myweav/DcKvi n‡Zv: .......................................................................................................... 13. Avkªq‡K›`ª bv _vKvq Nywb©S‡oi mgq GjvKvi RbmvaviY wK wK mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡qwQj? .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................... 14. ‡Kv_vq KZ¸‡jv cwievi AvkÖq wb‡Z †c‡iwQj? ........... ... ... ... ... ... ... wU cwievi 15. wb‡`©kK cyiyl (%) gwnjv (%) ‡gvU (%) mv¶iZvi nvi wkï‡`i ¯‹zj Mg‡bi nvi 15.L DcvR©‡bi †ckv ‡ckvi bvg kZKiv KZfvM cwievi GB ‡ckvi Ici wbf©ikxj K…wl K…wl kªwgK gvQ aiv I gvQ Pvl Kiv e¨emvq PvKzwi `¶Zv wfw³K KvR mbvZbx †ckv `vb/LqivZ 15.M Mo cvwievwiK Avq Avw_©K mvg_© wfw³K `j cwiev‡ii msL¨v cwievi wcQz Mo evwl©K Avq (UvKv) A‡bK abx abx 151 `wi`ª AwZ `wi`ª ‡gvU 16. Noevwoi aib emZ N‡ii wbg©vY cÖK…wZ KZwU Lvbvq Giƒc Ni Av‡Q NiwU mvB‡K¬v‡bi wecix‡Z †UKmB wK bv? [1] nu¨v / [2] bv cvKv wewìs ‡mwg-cvKv Ni Kv‡Vi LywUmn wU‡bi Ni euv‡ki LywUmn wU‡bi Ni Q‡bi Ni Szcwo Ni ‡gvU 17. mgv‡R bvix AwaKvi m¤§vwbZ nq wK? ...........................% gwnjvM‡Yi bv‡g †Kvb Rwg ‡iwRw÷ª Kiv nq wK? [1] nu¨v / [2] bv / .........% †¶‡Î nq| gwnjvcÖavb KZwU Lvbv `vb`w¶Yvi Dci wbf©ikxj? ...................wU KZwU cwievi bvixi DcvwR©Z Av‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj? .................wU MÖv‡g KZRb ZvjvKcÖvßv bvix Av‡Qb? .................. Rb| MÖv‡g KZRb weaev bvix Av‡Qb? .................. Rb| 18. cyiælcÖavb KZwU Lvbv `vb`w¶Yvi Dci wbf©ikxj? ...................wU MÖv‡g KZRb ZvjvKcÖvß cyiæl Av‡Qb? .................. Rb| MÖv‡g KZRb wecwZœK cyiæl Av‡Qb? .................. Rb| 19. 19.K MÖv‡gi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwievi ev †Mvôxmg~n cwievi/†Mvôxi bvg †Mvôx cÖav‡bi bvg mvgvwRK Ae¯’vb (BDwc †Pqvig¨vb, IqvW© Kwgkbvi, AvBbRxwe, ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv, mgvRKg©x BZ¨vw`) 20. L MÖv‡gi Dbœq‡b †Kvb cwievi AMªYx f~wgKv iv‡L? [†hgb: iv¯Ív †givgZ, †mP †Wªb wbg©vY I †givgZ, we`¨vj‡qi Dbœqb, evRv‡ii Dbœqb, BZ¨vw`] 21. M MÖvg cÖkvm‡b †Kvb cwievi me‡P‡q ¸iyZ¡c~Y©? [†hgb: mvwjk; ÎvY weZiY; †mP msµvšÍ wm×všÍ; Bgvg I gyqvw¾b wb‡qvM I †eZb cÖ`vb; BZ¨vw`] 22. N miKvix †mevmyweavi †¶‡Î †Kvb cwievi me‡P‡q ¸iyZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L? [†hgb: Dc‡Rjv †nj&_ Kg‡cø‡· hvIqv; K…wl eøK mycvifvBRv‡ii Awd‡m hvIqv; Dc‡Rjv K…wl I Dc‡Rjv cï Wv³v‡ii Awdm hvIqv; BZ¨vw`] 152 153 wbg©vb cÖ¯ÍvweZ N~wY©So Avkªq‡K›`ª Ges AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi ms‡hvM iv¯Ívi R‡b¨ K. cÖ¯ÍvweZ Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi/iv¯Ívi Ae¯’vb †Rjv: ................................................. Dc‡Rjv: ................................................ BDwbqb: .................................................. MÖvg: ................................................ L. mswk-ó wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi bvg: .................................................................. .. .................... M. cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjKvbv: [1] miKvix [2] †emiKvix N. AÎ cÖwZôv‡bi Rwgi gvwjKvbv: [1] miKvix... ... ............ kZK [2] mvgvwRK .... ........... kZK [3] e¨w³ gvwj‡Ki ......... kZK O. wbg©vb cÖ¯ÍvweZ Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi AvKvi I cÖK…wZ: [1] ‰`N©¨: ......... wgUvi | [2] cÖ¯’: ........... wgUvi | [3] Kq Zjv wewkó? [K] GK Zjv [L] `yB Zjv [M] wZb Zjv | P. cÖ¯ÍvweZ febwU ‡h RvqMvq wbwg©Z n‡e Zvi gvwjKvbv: [1] cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^| [2] cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^ RvqMvi AwZwi³ mgvR wbqwš¿Z Rwg‡Z| [3] cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^ RvqMvi AwZwi³ e¨w³ gvwj‡Ki Rwg‡Z| Q. miKvwi ev mgvR wbqwš¿Z Rwg n‡j eZ©gv‡b Zv‡Z †Kvb `Lj`vi Av‡Q wK? [1] nu¨v / [2] bv R. DËi nu¨v n‡j Kx Kv‡R Zv e¨eüZ n‡”Q? [1] AvevwmK [2] e¨emvwqK [3] wfbœ mvgvwRK Kv‡R S. e¨w³ gvwj‡Ki Rwg n‡j, Zv‡Z †Kvb Nievwo/dmj/MvQcvjv Av‡Q wK? [1] nu¨v / [2] bv T. DËi nu¨v (Nievwoi †ÿ‡Î) n‡j, Kx ai‡bi Ni? [1] AvevwmK [2] e¨emvwqK [3] wfbœ mgvwRK Kv‡R e¨eüZ| dmj/MvQcvjv _vK‡j Zvi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY: U. e¨w³ gvwj‡Ki Rwg n‡j Zv Kxfv‡e AwaMÖnY Kiv n‡e? [1] AwaMÖnY AvB‡bi gva¨‡g [2] `vg/`‡ii wfwˇZ mivmwi µq K‡i [3] ¯^Ztù~Z© `v‡bi gva¨‡g V. gšÍe¨: [1] AÎ wbg©vb Kv‡R f~wg AwaMÖnb cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| 154 [2] gvbe cybe©vmb cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| [3] f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb cÖfve g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e| [4] f~wg AwaMÖnY ev cybe©vmb cÖfve g~j¨vqb Kivi cÖ‡qvRb ‡bB| g~j¨vqbKvix: bvg - ................................................ c`ex: ........................................... g~j¨vq‡bi ZvwiLt .................................... cÖZ¨vwqZ e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi cÖavb BDwbqb cwil` m`m¨ gvV mycvifvBRvi (KÝvj‡U›U) Dbœqb cÖ¯ÍvweZ N~wY©So Avkªq‡K›`ª/ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Rb¨ gZwewbgq 1. Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi/iv¯Ívi bvgt ......................................................................................... †KvW bs 2. gZwewbg‡qi ZvwiLt ....................................... ¯’vb: MÖvg. ................................................. BDwbqb:............................................ Dc‡Rjv:........................................... †Rjv:....................................... 3. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i nvwRiv (cwiPq I ¯^v¶i) bvg eqm cyiæl/gwnjv MÖvg ‡ckv ¯^v¶i 1. AskMÖnYKvixMY‡K hv hv Rvbv‡bv njt 155 2. AskMÖnYKvixMY †hme mgm¨v, `~‡f©vM I DrKÚvi K_v Rvbv‡jbt 3. AskMÖnYKvixMY D‡jøwLZ mgm¨v, `~‡f©vM I DrKÚvi `~i I Dckg/jvNe Kivi Rb¨ †h me civgk© w`‡jbt 4. cwiPvjbvKvixi bvg I ¯^v¶i 156 Dbœqb cÖ¯ÍvweZ N~wY©So Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ †¯^”Qvq Rwg `vbcÎ dig [evsjv‡`k UvKv 300/= Gi ÷¨v‡¤ú] 1. GB †m¦”Qv `vb Pzw³ ˆZix Ges m¤úvw`Z n‡jv ............ .............. ............. ............... ............. .............ZvwiL .............................. cÿØq ‡gvt/Rbve......................................................... .................wcZv........................................ ¯^vgx eqm ...................... ‡ckv....................................emev‡mi wVKvbv .....................................................................................................GLv‡b eZ© g vb Pz w ³c‡Îi Ó`vZvÓ Ges cÖ _ g cÿ wnmv‡e †m¦ ” Qv `vbK… Z f~ w gi ‰ea gvwjK/gvwj‡Ki AvBbMZ cÖ w Zwbwa ev Zvi AeZ© g v‡b Zvi ˆea DËivwaKvix Ges ‡gvt/Rbve..........................................................................wcZv...................................... .... ¯^vgx eqm .................................................... c`gh©v`v...................................... eZ©gvb Pzw³c‡Î Abyhvqx " MÖwnZv" Ges wØZxq cÿ Óhvnvi Rb¨ Ges c‡ÿ [MÖwnZvi/cÖwZôv‡bi bvg], whwb Zvi c`vwaKvie‡j MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖv_wgK I MYwkÿv gš¿bvj‡qi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Qb| 2. Pzw³Ze¨ f~wgi we¯ÍvwiZ cwiPq wb‡¤œ †`Iqv n‡jvt ‡gŠRvi bvg Dc‡Rjv ‡Rjv we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨t gvwj‡Ki bvg: ((GKRb cÖwZwbwa??)) wcZv/¯^vgxi bvg: eqm: eQi. ‡ckv: wVKvbv: wjsM: `vM bs: LwZqvb bs: f~wgi cwigvb (kZvsk) `v‡M †gvU f~wgi AvbycvwZK nvi (%): ‡gŠRv DËi wmgvbv 157 c~e© wmgvbv cwðg wmgvbv `wÿY wmgvbv we‡kl `ªóe¨: f~wgi GKwU ‡¯‹P g¨vc mshy³ n‡jv| 1. †hLv‡b f~wgi gvwjK/gvwjKMY Dc‡i ewY© Z Zvi f~wg n¯Í v šÍ‡ ii mKj AwaKvi msiÿY K‡i e¨envi/emevm Ki‡Qb| 2. †hLv‡b ewb© Z f~wg †Kv_vI ‡Kvb e¨w³/cÖwZôvb/ ev †Kvb e¨vs‡K wjR/gi‡MR †`Iqv nq bvB, wZwb wewµ Kivi †ÿ‡Î m¦ vaxb e‡j cÖZ¨qb Ki‡Qb| 3. †hLv‡b f~wgi gvwjK GB g‡g© cÖ Z¨qb Ki‡Qb †h, wZwb my ¯’¨ kix‡i Ges A‡b¨i webv cÖ‡ i vPbvq B”QvK… Zfv‡e GB `vbcÎ `wj‡j ¯^ vÿi Ki‡Qb, `vbK… Z f~wgi Dci Zvi ev Zvi AeZ©g v‡b Zvi †Kvb DËivaxKvixi †Kvb `vex _vK‡e bv ev †Kvb `vex Mª nY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| 4. †hLv‡b Pzw³c‡Îi MÖw nZv (wØZxq cÿ) cÖK‡íi eûgy Lx `~‡ h© vM AvkÖq‡K›`ª/ ms‡hvM moK ˆZix Ki‡e Ges cv‡ki f~wg/¯’ vcbvi m¤¢ ve¨ ÿwZmvab cÖwZ‡iv‡a mKj cÖK vi e¨e¯’ v MÖ nY Ki‡e| 5. †hLv‡b Pzw³c‡Îi Dfq cÿ GB g‡g© GKgZ †h, ewb© Z f~wgi Dci wbwg© Ze¨ cÖK‡íi eûgLx `~‡ hvM© AvkÖq ‡K›`ª / ms‡hvM moK Rb¯^ v‡_© ˆZix n‡e| 6. GB Pzw³c‡Îi Øviv m¦vÿ‡ii w`b †_‡KB GBg‡g© Kvh©Ki n‡e †h cieZ©x‡Z D‡jøwLZ f~wg ivóªxq AvBb Abyhvqx Pzw³ Ab~hvqx n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z Dfq cÿ eva¨ _vK‡e| f~wgi gvwj‡Ki ¯^vÿi Znwmj`v‡ii ¯^vÿi f~wgi gvwj‡Ki/`vZvi bvg Znwmj`v‡ii bvg ZvwiL ZvwiL mbv³Kvix 1. 2. ¯^vÿx ‡Pqvig¨vb/‡g¤^‡ii ¯^vÿi ‡Pqvig¨vb/‡g¤^‡ii bvg MÖwnZvi/cÖwZôv‡bi c‡ÿ cÖwZwbwai m¦vÿi Ges wmj MÖwnZvi/cÖwZôv‡bi c‡ÿ cÖwZwbwai bvg, c`ex ¯^vÿxMY GjwRBwW Awdmv‡ii ¯^vÿi Ges Zvi wmj GjwRBwW Awdmv‡ii bvg Ges c`ex 158 Dbœqb cÖ¯ÍvweZ N~wY©So Avkªq‡K‡›`ªi ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Rb¨ †¯^”Qvq Rwg `vbcÎ dig GjvKvi Rbmvavi‡Yi e„nËi ¯^v‡_© cÖK‡íi wbgœewb©Z Nywb©So AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq f~wg gvwjK,e¨enviKvixMb GKÎ wgwjZ n‡q Av‡jvPbvi I mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ †m¦”Qvq ¯^Zd©yZ©fv‡e A`¨ ......................Zvwi†L mvgvwRK f~wg `vbcÎ Pzw³ ˆZix Ges m¤úv`b Ki‡Q| ms‡hvM moK c¨v‡KR bs......................................................................... ms‡hvM mo‡Ki bvgv................................................................ ........ mshy³ Nywb©So AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi bvg ..................... ................................... Av‡jvPbvi mfvi/wm×všÍ MÖ n ‡Yi ¯’ v b............................................................................................... Av‡jvPbvi mfvi ZvwiL............................... .........................mgq.................................. mg‡SvZv mfvq AskMÖnYKvix‡`i nvwRiv (cwiPq I ¯^v¶i) bvg eqm cyiæl/gwnjv MÖvg ‡ckv ¯^v¶i ‡gvevBj bs c‡ÿ wm×všÍ m g~ n f~ w gKv (eZ© g vb iv¯Í v i c~ e © K _v/BwZnvm, c~ ‡ e© i cÖ k ¯Í Z v, eZ© g vb cÖ k ¯Í Z v, cv‡k^ © i f~ w g gvwjK KZ© „ K `Lj, iv¯Í v q /iv¯Í v i Xvjy ‡ Z e¨envi wKsev emevm, cÖ ‡ qvRbxq cÖ k mÍ v i NvUwZ, cÖ k ¯Í Z vi cÖ ‡ qvRbxqZv Ges AwZwi³ f~ w gi cÖ ‡ qvRbxqZv, gvwjK Ges e¨enviKvix‡`i Ab¨Î e‡›`ve¯Í , m‡ev© c wi cÖ K í ev Rb¯^ v ‡_© ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Dbœ q b Ges f~ w gi cÖ ‡ qvRbxqZv BZ¨vw` AewnZKiY) ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ......... .................................................................................................... cÖ¯Ívebv (cÖ¯ÍvweZ eZ© g vb iv¯Í v wUi e¨env‡ii Aby ‡ cv‡hvMxZv Ges Dbœ q ‡bi Rb¨ D³ cª K ‡íÖ Rb¯^ v ‡_© mvgvwRKfv‡e cÖ ‡ qvRbxq mvgvb¨ f~ w g ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Dbœ q ‡b i Rb¨ Lvwj K‡i †`Iqv/DrmM© Kivi cÖ m Í v e †`Iqv DwPr) 159 ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................... ........... mg‡SvZv (Rb¯^ v ‡_© ms‡hvM mo‡Ki Dbœ q ‡bi Rb¨ cÖ ‡ qvRbxq f~ w g webv ÿwZc~i‡Y `vb/DrmM© / Lvwj K‡i †`Iqvi GB mvgvwRK cÖ¯Ív‡e KZfvM AskMÖnYKvix GKgZ Zv D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e) ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................... ................................ .................................................................................................... hw` †Kvb f~wg gvwjK Zvi A_©‰bwZK `vwi‡`ªi Kvi‡Y webv ÿwZc~iY `vb/DrmM© / Lvwj K‡i †`Iqvi cÖ ¯ Í v ‡e ivRx bv _v‡K † m‡ÿ‡Î wek^e¨vs‡Ki f~wg AwaMÖnY I cybe©vmb bxwZgvjv Awc 4.12 Abymv‡i wK e¨e¯’v †bIqv n‡”Q Zv D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e) ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................... mg‡SvZv mfvi †Pqvig¨vb wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa mfvcwZ, Kvh©wbe©vnx KwgwU cÖkvmwbK cÖavb ev¯Í evqbKvix cÖwZôvb ev¯Í evqbKvix cÖwZôvb 160 myiÿv 1. Dc-cÖKí evwZ‡ji bxwZgvjv mvgvwRK cÖfve I Dc-cÖKí evwZ‡ji bxwZgvjv Abyhvqx, Dc-cÖKíwU MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ †hvM¨ we‡ewPZ n‡e? [ ] n¨v [ ] bv 2. cybe©vmb cÖfve GLv‡b wK mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiyc‡Y Av‡iv Mfxifv‡e AbymÜvb Riyix? [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv cybe©vmb Kg©cwiKíbv ˆZixi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q wK? [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv 3. b„ZvwËK †Mvwô/msL¨vjNy m¤úª`v‡qi Dci cÖfve GLv‡b wK mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiyc‡Y Av‡iv Mfxifv‡e AbymÜvb Riyix? [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv msL¨vjNy m¤úª`vq cybe©vmb cwiKíbv ˆZixi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q wK? [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv mshy³ c~iYK…Z digwU c~bwe©‡ePbv Ges g~j¨vwqZ n‡jv hvnvi Øviv: ¯^vÿi: ZvwiL: bvg: c`ex: 161 Dc-cÖK‡í mvgvwRK myiÿv evQvB ..................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 3. evQvB‡qi ZvwiL (mg~n): : [ ] n¨v [ ] bv [ ] RbM‡Yi e¨w³MZ [ ] miKvix- Lvm Ges Ab¨vb¨ miKvix cÖwZôv‡bi [ ] Ab¨vb¨ (D‡jøL Kiæb): 162 [ ] K„wl Kv‡R # KZwU cwievi Pvlvev` Ki‡Q: ................................. [ ] Avevm f~wg wnmv‡e # KZwU cwievi emevm Ki‡Q: .................................. [ ] e¨emvwqK Kv‡R # KZRb e¨w³ e¨envi Ki‡Q: ............ # †`vKvb msL¨v: ...... [ ] Ab¨vb¨ e¨envi (D‡jøL Kiæb): ................... # e¨enviKvix msL¨v: ...... [ ] K„wl Kv‡R # KZRb/KZwU cwievi Pvlvev` Ki‡Q: [ ] Avevm f~wg wnmv‡e # KZwU cwievi emevm Ki‡Q : [] e¨emvwqK Kv‡R # KZRb e¨w³ e¨envi Ki‡Q: ........... # †`vKvb msL¨v: ...... [] Ab¨vb¨ e¨envi (D‡jøL Kiæb): .... . # e¨enviKvix msL¨v: ...... .... , Aewkó Rwg‡Z emevm Kiv hv‡e: ...... # KvVv†gv/e¨emvq msL¨v: .... .... # KvVv†gv/e¨emvq msL¨v: .... , Aewkó Rwg‡Z e¨emv cwiPvjbv Kiv hv†e: 163 # KvVv†gv msL¨v: ...... # BU, Aviwmwm XvjvB, iW BZ¨vw` g~j¨evb I ¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... # KvV, evk, wUb, Qb BZ¨vw` Kg g~j¨evb I A¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... # KvVv†gv msL¨v: ...... # BU, Aviwmwm XvjvB, iW BZ¨vw` g~j¨evb I ¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... # KvV, euvk, wUb, Qb BZ¨vw` Kg g~j¨evb I A¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... : # KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... # KvVv‡gvi Af¨šÍ‡i e¨emv msL¨v: ..... # e¨emvi ms‡M RwoZ Kg©Pvixi msL¨v: ..... # BU, Aviwmwm XvjvB, iW BZ¨vw` g~j¨evb I ¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... # KvV, euvk, wUb, Qb BZ¨vw` Kg g~j¨evb I A¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: .. ...... # KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... # KvVv†gvi Af¨šÍ‡i e¨emv msL¨v: ..... # e¨emvi ms‡M RwoZ Kg©Pvixi msL¨v: ..... # BU, Aviwmwm XvjvB, iW BZ¨vw` g~j¨evb I ¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: ..... # KvV, euvk, wUb, Qb BZ¨vw` Kg g~j¨evb I A¯’vqx Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZix KvVv‡gv msL¨v: .. ...... ..... [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv 164 [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv 165 (‡h mg¯Í Dc-cÖKí ) [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv cÖK‡íi cÖ¯ÍvweZ Kg©KvÛ m¤ú©‡K ? [ ] nu¨v [ ] bv 166 [ ] AvBbMZ: [ ] cÖ_v Abyhvqx: [ ] miKvix Rwg‡Z wj‡Ri gva¨‡g: [ ] Ab¨vb¨ (D‡jøL Kiæb): .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. K. ................................................................................................................................................... L. ............................................................................................................................................. M. .................................................................................................................................................... [ ] BwZevPK [ ] ‡bwZevPK [ ] BwZevPK, ‡bwZevPK †KvbUvB bq 167 GB evQvB digwU cÖK‡íi Kbmvj‡U›U-Gi c‡ÿ whwb c~iY Ki‡jb: bvg: c`ex: ¯^vÿi: ZvwiL: 168