In September 2015, the 2030 agenda for sustainable development was adopted by member states of the United Nations (UN) at an historic UN summit.
... See More + Sustainable consumption and production (SCP), as specifically reflected by SD goal (SDG) 12, is among the most important SDGs in the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. The Government of Turkey (GoT) is dedicated to taking action for the successful implementation of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development, it welcomes the universal and integrated nature of SDGs. The World Bank (WB) and other Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) are committed to helping national governments integrate their development agendas with the SDGs and supporting the design and use of economic instruments to ensure their effective implementation. The purpose of this report is to review Turkey’s on-going efforts as well as international experience in implementing economic instruments to support SCP as specified in SDG 12, analyze the gaps, and discuss areas where Turkey may better adopt economic instruments and other incentive policies for promoting SCP in the new national development plan (NDP). The study contains six chapters. Chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two provides an overview of Turkey’s involvement in the global sustainable development agenda, a summary of SDG12 and key themes of SCP. Chapter three introduces the conceptual framework on green financing, and summarizes international experience on the use of economic instruments with a focus on SCP. Chapter four explores the Turkish context of economic instruments to support SCP and reviews existing economic policies and instruments. Areas for improvement and recommendations are presented in chapter five. Chapter six provides concluding remarks.
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Water is an essential component of Turkey’s economy and environment. Water resources are under strong pressure in terms of both quantity and quality.Freshwater productivity in Turkey is low compared to that of high-income countries,and of some upper middle-income countries of the region, such as Belarus, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, (World Bank, 2016).
... See More + As the largest user of water, agriculture has extensive irrigation systems, however the existing irrigation practices are not very efficient.The Turkish government is considering a set of policy issues related to water resource management (WRM), including estimating the economic value of water and incorporating this into strategic decision-making on water allocation and pricing. There is a request for developing a tool for water valuation and accounting.The identification of water goods and services is based on the Total Economic Value (TEV) framework, which includes use and non-use values.The economic valuation of water benefits can be based on a wide range of valuation methods.The study presented in this report focused on water valuation with the objectives of introducing the concept and methods of water valuation, and demonstrating their use through actual application of valuation methods to Turkey’s water resources.A case study was quickly carried out in Beysehir Lake sub catchment, the largest freshwater lake in Turkey.The study further identified the need for the following actions: Nurture the political will and institutional arrangements to support the incorporation of valuation into decision-making.Adopt natural capital valuation and accounting as supporting tools in implementing the 2030 Agenda and delivering the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Carry out in-depth valuation studies, covering a wider range of water values and river basins.Improve the valuation of water benefits in Beysehir Lake subcatchment through extended data collection and site-specific studies concerning the economic value of water uses (i.e. agricultural, municipal, recreational, and biodiversity).Develop national guidelines on water valuation and accounting to facilitate future studies and scale/implement existing efforts nationwide.The report contains six chapters. Following this introduction, Chapter two provides an overview of Turkey’s current water sector. Chapter three introduces the concept of total economic value, and Chapter four further discusses the valuation methods for each type of water use. To demonstrate the applicability of valuation in Turkey, Chapter five applies these methods to Beysehir Lake subcatchment in Konya Closed Basin, based on readily available information. Finally, Chapter six provides some conclusions and recommendations.
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