Este trabajo sintetiza el apoyo del Banco Mundial para la actualizacion del Plan de Infraestructura Cicloviaria para Lima y Callao. Es parte estructural de la Propuesta para una Estrategia de la Bicicleta en Lima.
... See More + Mientras que la Estrategia desarrolla diferentes aspectos de una política ciclo-inclusiva, como gestion institucional, cultura, comunicacion y participacion, normas y codigos, el Plan de Infraestructura Cicloviaria se enfoca en los aspectos fisicos. Estos aspectos físicos se refieren a la infraestructura necesaria para crear condiciones atractivas y seguras para aumentar el uso de la bicicleta en Lima y Callao, reduciendo el riesgo de accidentes fatales en incidentes de trafico.
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El trabajo que se presenta en este documento sintetiza el apoyo del Banco Mundial para la formulacion de una Estrategia para la Bicicleta en Lima, e incluye una propuesta de vision, enfoque, objetivos, lineas de accion, acciones, indicadores y metas.
... See More + Este trabajo y las propuestas aca contenidas fueron disenadas y dirigidas a las acciones que la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima podria adelantar bajo sus funciones y competencias del transporte no motorizado de la ciudad de Lima. Aunque este trabajo ha sido dirigido para la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima, es importante resaltar que otras instituciones y niveles de gobierno son igualmente estrategicos para consolidar una politica publica, con planes y proyectos, de forma holistica y asegurar una implementacion armonica.
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This paper proposes a leading indicator, the "Google Mobility Index," for nowcasting monthly industrial production growth rates in selected economies in Latin America and the Caribbean.
... See More + The index is constructed using the Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Report database via a Kalman filter. The Google database is publicly available starting from February 15, 2020. The paper uses a backcasting methodology to increase the historical number of observations and then augments a lag of one week in the mobility data with other high-frequency data (air quality) over January 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020. Finally, mixed data sampling regression is implemented for nowcasting industrial production growth rates. The Google Mobility Index is a good predictor of industrial production. The results suggest a significant decline in output of between 5 and 7 percent for March and April, respectively, while indicating a trough in output in mid-April.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS9247 MAY 14, 2020
Sampi Bravo,James Robert Ezequiel; Jooste,CharlDisclosed
Policy makers in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) often complain that poor fiscal performance in their countries is a result of a high degree of spending rigidity.
... See More + Despite being a common complaint, the issue has remained largely ignored by the literature because of the lack of adequate measures of rigidity that allow cross-country and time series comparability. This report helps close this gap by introducing a new measure of spending rigidities that can be easily applied to multiple countries. It focuses on the categories of spending that are naturally inflexible—wages, pensions, transfers to subnational governments, and debt service—and separates them into two components: structural and nonstructural. The structural component is determined by economic, demographic, and institutional fundamentals. The nonstructural component is determined by short-run transitory factors associated with business and political cycles. The degree of rigidity of spending is then proxied by the ratio of structural spending to total spending, with a higher value indicating that spending is driven mostly by factors out of the policy makers' control. This concept of rigidity was applied to 120 countries for the years 2000–17. The report concludes by discussing several policies to contain the sources of rigidity in the long term, ranging from the importance of deepening the pension reform process to the need of establishing strong fiscal institutions promoting medium-term fiscal planning.
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To comprehend how development really happens, it is necessary to understand the evolution of its drivers and their relationship with individuals' income.
... See More + This paper analyzes the expansion of access to education and basic services in Latin America and its association with the evolution of incomes in the region. The paper focuses on the importance of access to opportunities as one of the drivers of development and highlights the role of policy making. The findings suggest that access to education and basic public services early in life are positively correlated with incomes in adulthood. The analysis also suggests that countries follow a dissimilar path to increase access to education and basic services. The paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of historic census records to add granularity to the assessment of the development of countries, matched with detailed individual-level information from household surveys of several countries in the region. The paper widens an ongoing area of research on the long-run relationship between access to opportunities during childhood and incomes in adulthood.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS9205 APR 07, 2020
This study explores the range of constraints to women’s mobility and access to economic opportunities in six low-income areas of urban Latin America through the lens of agency.
... See More + The study demonstrates that, apart from transport-related deficiencies, several factors at the community, household, and individual levels shape women’s capacity to make and act upon decisions about their mobility. The study consists of five sections in addition to this introduction. Section two: authors discuss key findings from the literature on women’s mobility and how they inform the study design; section three: authors briefly present the methodology; section four: authors describe the factors which shape women’s Agency in Mobility and seek to show how these shape women’s decisions regarding mobility and work; sections five and six: authors draw policy recommendations and conclusions.
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The Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) has achieved substantial progress on gender equality in past decades. Gains have come in diverse areas like declines in fertility and maternal mortality, gender parity in primary school enrollment, and an increase in women’s participation in the workforce and politics, among others.
... See More + But advances have stalled on some fronts. These include teenage pregnancy, vulnerable youth who are not working or studying, and gender-based violence. In December of 2015 the World Bank Group (WBG) approved its first-ever strategy for gender equality, poverty reduction, and inclusive growth. The LAC regional gender action plan (Fiscal Years 2016-2019) is putting the strategy into operation by supporting activities with potential for transformational change on gender equality. This report provides examples of World Bank supported projects with a gender focus in the Latin America and Caribbean region. It showcases the breadth of the solutions available and speaks to the commitment of the institution to tackle gender gaps.
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The Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) has achieved substantial progress on gender equality in past decades. Gains have come in diverse areas like declines in fertility and maternal mortality, gender parity in primary school enrollment, and an increase in women’s participation in the workforce and politics, among others.
... See More + But advances have stalled on some fronts. These include teenage pregnancy, vulnerable youth who are not working or studying, and gender-based violence. In December of 2015 the World Bank Group (WBG) approved its first-ever strategy for gender equality, poverty reduction, and inclusive growth. The LAC regional gender action plan (Fiscal Years 2016-2019) is putting the strategy into operation by supporting activities with potential for transformational change on gender equality. This report provides examples of World Bank supported projects with a gender focus in the Latin America and Caribbean region. It showcases the breadth of the solutions available and speaks to the commitment of the institution to tackle gender gaps.
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The Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) has achieved substantial progress on gender equality in past decades. Gains have come in diverse areas like declines in fertility and maternal mortality, gender parity in primary school enrollment, and an increase in women’s participation in the workforce and politics, among others.
... See More + But advances have stalled on some fronts. These include teenage pregnancy, vulnerable youth who are not working or studying, and gender-based violence. In December of 2015 the World Bank Group (WBG) approved its first-ever strategy for gender equality, poverty reduction, and inclusive growth. The LAC regional gender action plan (Fiscal Years 2016-2019) is putting the strategy into operation by supporting activities with potential for transformational change on gender equality. This report provides examples of World Bank supported projects with a gender focus in the Latin America and Caribbean region. It showcases the breadth of the solutions available and speaks to the commitment of the institution to tackle gender gaps.
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Resource recovery from wastewater facilities in the form of energy, reusable water, biosolids, and other resources, such as nutrients, represents an economic and financial benefit that contributes to the sustainability of water supply and sanitation systems and the water utilities operating them.
... See More + Resource recovery can transform sanitation from a costly service to one that is self-sustaining and adds value to the economy. Indeed, if financial returns can cover operation and maintenance costs partially or fully, improved wastewater management offers a double value proposition. This report summarizes the work of the World Bank's initiative "Wastewater: From Waste to Resource," launched to raise awareness among decision makers regarding the potential of wastewater as a resource. The report highlights the findings and conclusions from technical background reports, from an in-depth analysis of several case studies, and from the feedback received during workshops and seminars with main stakeholders.
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