There is a global trend toward more production, use, and sale of services by manufacturing firms. This phenomenon is known as the servicification of manufacturing.
... See More + Services inputs as well as services activities within manufacturing firms account for over half of the value of manufacturing exports. This paper uses a unique firm-level data set to analyze the link between servicification and productivity in Turkey. Although servicification has the potential to boost firm performance, the opposite appears to be the case in Turkey: manufacturing firms with service affiliates tend to be less productive. The type of services produced matters. For instance, firms that have post-manufacturing (transport and distribution) service affiliates are particularly less productive. Regulatory restrictions in services are explored as an explanatory factor. Productivity gaps appear in the same areas where services are more restricted, such as in post-manufacturing services.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS8643 NOV 09, 2018
Haven,Thomas Edward; Van Der Marel,Erik LeendertDisclosed
In parts of Asia, South Caucasus, and the Balkans, son preference is strong enough to trigger significant levels of sex selection, result in the excess mortality of girls, and skew child sex ratios in favor of boys.
... See More + Every year, 1.8 million girls under the age of five go “missing” because of the widespread use of sex selective practices in these regions. The pervasive use of such practices is reflective of the striking inequities girls face today, and it also has negative implications for efforts to improve women's status in the long term. Consequently, governments of countries in these regions have employed direct measures, such as banning the use of prenatal sex selection technology and providing financial incentives to families that have girls. This paper takes stock of the direct measures used across countries grappling with skewed child sex ratios and compares the efficacy of direct measures with measures that indirectly raise the value of daughters. The stocktaking suggests that there is no conclusive evidence that direct approaches reduce the higher mortality risk for girls. Bans on the use of sex selection technology may inadvertently worsen the status of the very individuals they intend to protect, and financial incentives to families with girls offer short-term benefits at most. Alternatively, indirect measures, such as legal reform to promote gender equity and advocacy efforts, offer more promise by bringing about permanent shifts in the relative value of daughters. The stocktaking also underscores the paucity of causal studies in this literature.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS8635 NOV 01, 2018
This document has been produced as part of the work undertaken for the World Bank advisory services and analytics of Land Sector Emerging Issues project for Turkey.
... See More + One of the development objectives of this project is to provide technical assistance to the government of Turkey in order to identify options to improve the management of public land and property. The study has concentrated on the properties that are the responsibility of General Directorate of National Property (GDNP) and has not examined state or public sector property in the hands of other state bodies or municipalities. Some of the conclusions reached are also likely to be relevant for these, but the focus of the study has been to seek to identify how GDNP can improve the ways in which it manages the properties for which it has responsibility. The report is divided into three main sections. Section 2 describes the General Directorate of National Property and its principal activities. Understanding what GDNP does and how it is organized is a necessary part of identifying the areas in which GDNP might benefit from investment aimed at improving its operations. This information will form an important part of the background to any investment proposal. Section 3 seeks to summarize international good practice in the management of public sector land and property. This provides the basis for evaluating GDNP’s current processes. Section 4 contains conclusions about the issues GDNP faces and Section 5 the recommendations about the areas of its activities which would benefit from investment.
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This study of transferrable development rights (TDRs) has been produced as part of the work undertaken for the World Bank advisory services and analytics of Land Sector Emerging Issues Project for Turkey.
... See More + The study was undertaken because Ministry of Environment and Urbanization (MoEU) sought information on best international practice in this area. There had been discussions with potential uses of TDRs in Turkey. These include using them as a means of compensating owners of land acquired compulsorily, thereby avoiding having to find finance for expropriations. Owners of land being expropriated would receive a share of development rights in regeneration rather than the cash to acquire replacement properties. The main body of the report is in four sections. Section 2 explains what transferrable development rights (TDR) are and the key concepts and definitions. Section 3 comprises a series of case studies from USA examining some of the most highly regarded TDR schemes concerned with the protection of historic buildings, the preservation of the countryside and farmland, and urban design quality. There are relatively few TDR schemes from outside USA but those from Brazil and Mumbai are also considered. Section 4 discusses the legal issues that arise from TDR schemes and Section 5 the economic ones. Section 6 presents the conclusions from the study.
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The development objective of the Sustainable Cities Project for Turkey is to improve the planning capacity of and access to targeted municipal services in participating municipalities and utilities.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) install clearly visible warning and informative signs around the construction site for transportation safety; (2) take safety measures for the traffic flow in line with the approved traffic circulation projects and install warning signs; (3) enable disposal of non-reusable non-hazardous and hazardous wastes at licensed facilities in line with the legislation; (4) schedule water cuts together with the water supply company and inform people in advance to minimize the impacts on the community; (5) define a schedule and or other kinds of restrictions for the works carried out to avoid noise; (6) remove excess material and clean the work site after the completion of works; and (7) follow all regulations, procedures, and principles published regarding occupational health and safety as part of labor law throughout the construction phase.
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The development objective of the Sustainable Cities Project for Turkey is to improve the planning capacity of and access to targeted municipal services in participating municipalities and utilities.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) install clearly visible warning and informative signs around the construction site for transportation safety; (2) take safety measures for the traffic flow in line with the approved traffic circulation projects and install warning signs; (3) enable disposal of non-reusable non-hazardous and hazardous wastes at licensed facilities in line with the legislation; (4) schedule water cuts together with the water supply company and inform people in advance to minimize the impacts on the community; (5) define a schedule and or other kinds of restrictions for the works carried out to avoid noise; (6) remove excess material and clean the work site after the completion of works; and (7) follow all regulations, procedures, and principles published regarding occupational health and safety as part of labor law throughout the construction phase.
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The development objective of the Sustainable Cities Project for Turkey is to improve the planning capacity of and access to targeted municipal services in participating municipalities and utilities.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) install clearly visible warning and informative signs around the construction site for transportation safety; (2) take safety measures for the traffic flow in line with the approved traffic circulation projects and install warning signs; (3) enable disposal of non-reusable non-hazardous and hazardous wastes at licensed facilities in line with the legislation; (4) schedule water cuts together with the water supply company and inform people in advance to minimize the impacts on the community; (5) define a schedule and or other kinds of restrictions for the works carried out to avoid noise; (6) remove excess material and clean the work site after the completion of works; and (7) follow all regulations, procedures, and principles published regarding occupational health and safety as part of labor law throughout the construction phase.
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