This summary also presents details about the project itself, the policy and legislative framework within it falls into, the roles and responsibilities for land acquisition and livelihood restoration, the resettlement principles that will be followed during the project, the eligibility criteria for compensation and assistance, the public consultations and disclosure arrangements, the grievance mechanism and the monitoring and evaluation system that will be put in place to make sure, amongst other things, that the PAPs’ livelihoods are restored or even improved, whenever possible.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: the United Nations’ Basic Principles and Guidelines on Development-Based Evictions and Displacement, specify that compensation should be provided for any economically assessable damage. It should also be appropriate and proportional to the circumstances of each case. At a minimum, project-affected persons should have access to (a) essential food, potable water and sanitation; (b) basic shelter and housing; (c) appropriate clothing; (d) essential medical services; (e) livelihood sources; (f) fodder for livestock and access to common property resources previously relied upon; and (g) education for children.
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This summary also presents details about the project itself, the policy and legislative framework within it falls into, the roles and responsibilities for land acquisition and livelihood restoration, the resettlement principles that will be followed during the project, the eligibility criteria for compensation and assistance, the public consultations and disclosure arrangements, the grievance mechanism and the monitoring and evaluation system that will be put in place to make sure, amongst other things, that the PAPs’ livelihoods are restored or even improved, whenever possible.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: the United Nations’ Basic Principles and Guidelines on Development-Based Evictions and Displacement, specify that compensation should be provided for any economically assessable damage. It should also be appropriate and proportional to the circumstances of each case. At a minimum, project-affected persons should have access to (a) essential food, potable water and sanitation; (b) basic shelter and housing; (c) appropriate clothing; (d) essential medical services; (e) livelihood sources; (f) fodder for livestock and access to common property resources previously relied upon; and (g) education for children.
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The objective of the Geothermal Development Project for Turkey is to scale up private sector investment in geothermal energy development in Turkey.
... See More + This will be achieved by reducing the risks taken on by the private sector in the exploratory phases, and by providing access to long-term financing for resource development phases. Negative impacts include: loss of land acquisition, loss of asset, loss of income, loss of trees and crops, loss of income, and loss of livelihood. Mitigation measures include: any person who will suffer loss or damage to land, an asset, business, trade or loss of access to productive resources, as a result of the project will be considered eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance; the cut-off date for being eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance is the last day during which the census/inventory of assets is completed. Sufficient public awareness of the cut-off date will be given to the community through the responsible agencies, community elders and leaders; compensate informal/illegal land users for lost assets and provide assistance in relocating, if needed; compensate and obtain legal access to expropriated land before starting construction; and provide information and prepare special assistance programs for vulnerable groups including the persons without any immovable property.
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The objective of the Geothermal Development Project for Turkey is to scale up private sector investment in geothermal energy development in Turkey.
... See More + This will be achieved by reducing the risks taken on by the private sector in the exploratory phases, and by providing access to long-term financing for resource development phases. Negative impacts include: loss of land acquisition, loss of asset, loss of income, loss of trees and crops, loss of income, and loss of livelihood. Mitigation measures include: any person who will suffer loss or damage to land, an asset, business, trade or loss of access to productive resources, as a result of the project will be considered eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance; the cut-off date for being eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance is the last day during which the census/inventory of assets is completed. Sufficient public awareness of the cut-off date will be given to the community through the responsible agencies, community elders and leaders; compensate informal/illegal land users for lost assets and provide assistance in relocating, if needed; compensate and obtain legal access to expropriated land before starting construction; and provide information and prepare special assistance programs for vulnerable groups including the persons without any immovable property.
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The objective of the Geothermal Development Project for Turkey is to scale up private sector investment in geothermal energy development in Turkey.
... See More + This will be achieved by reducing the risks taken on by the private sector in the exploratory phases, and by providing access to long-term financing for resource development phases. Negative impacts include: loss of land acquisition, loss of asset, loss of income, loss of trees and crops, loss of income, and loss of livelihood. Mitigation measures include: any person who will suffer loss or damage to land, an asset, business, trade or loss of access to productive resources, as a result of the project will be considered eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance; the cut-off date for being eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance is the last day during which the census/inventory of assets is completed. Sufficient public awareness of the cut-off date will be given to the community through the responsible agencies, community elders and leaders; compensate informal/illegal land users for lost assets and provide assistance in relocating, if needed; compensate and obtain legal access to expropriated land before starting construction; and provide information and prepare special assistance programs for vulnerable groups including the persons without any immovable property.
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The objective of the Geothermal Development Project for Turkey is to scale up private sector investment in geothermal energy development in Turkey.
... See More + This will be achieved by reducing the risks taken on by the private sector in the exploratory phases, and by providing access to long-term financing for resource development phases. Negative impacts include: loss of land acquisition, loss of asset, loss of income, loss of trees and crops, loss of income, and loss of livelihood. Mitigation measures include: any person who will suffer loss or damage to land, an asset, business, trade or loss of access to productive resources, as a result of the project will be considered eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance; the cut-off date for being eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance is the last day during which the census/inventory of assets is completed. Sufficient public awareness of the cut-off date will be given to the community through the responsible agencies, community elders and leaders; compensate informal/illegal land users for lost assets and provide assistance in relocating, if needed; compensate and obtain legal access to expropriated land before starting construction; and provide information and prepare special assistance programs for vulnerable groups including the persons without any immovable property.
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The objective of the Geothermal Development Project for Turkey is to scale up private sector investment in geothermal energy development in Turkey.
... See More + This will be achieved by reducing the risks taken on by the private sector in the exploratory phases, and by providing access to long-term financing for resource development phases. Negative impacts include: loss of land acquisition, loss of asset, loss of income, loss of trees and crops, loss of income, and loss of livelihood. Mitigation measures include: any person who will suffer loss or damage to land, an asset, business, trade or loss of access to productive resources, as a result of the project will be considered eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance; the cut-off date for being eligible for compensation and/ or resettlement assistance is the last day during which the census/inventory of assets is completed. Sufficient public awareness of the cut-off date will be given to the community through the responsible agencies, community elders and leaders; compensate informal/illegal land users for lost assets and provide assistance in relocating, if needed; compensate and obtain legal access to expropriated land before starting construction; and provide information and prepare special assistance programs for vulnerable groups including the persons without any immovable property.
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This paper assesses the extent to which social assistance programs in Turkey impact the labor market behavior of those who receive benefits. Theoretically, the possible channels through which the receipt of social assistance may disincentivize work are quite clear, even if the substantial literature analyzing these dynamics is somewhat inconclusive.
... See More + The analysis confirms that even when controlling for the relevant factors, social assistance beneficiaries are significantly more likely than non-beneficiaries to be unemployed or informally employed, and therefore less likely to be formally employed. Furthermore, among the unemployed, the probability of moving into informal employment is found to be significantly larger for beneficiaries than for non-beneficiaries. The paper concludes that there are potential disincentive effects at play in the decision to work, but particularly in whether to work formally or informally. Finally, an interesting and perhaps counterintuitive finding is that beneficiaries who are inactive are less likely to stay inactive in comparison with non-beneficiaries, which suggests that social assistance may be playing an activation role rather than leading to increased dependency. This, coupled with the previous findings, would indicate that disincentives to work, based on current design parameters, may not be the primary concern. Rather, disincentives to formality may be the prevailing channel through which social assistance affects labor market outcomes. More attention to designing programs that are incentive-compatible with formal employment would be a useful next step for public policy in this area.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS7801 AUG 22, 2016
This paper examines resource misallocation within narrow industries in Turkey. It finds that resource misallocation in Turkey is substantial. The hypothetical gain from moving to "U.S. efficiency" is 24.5 percent of manufacturing total factor productivity in 2014.
... See More + The evolution of resource misallocation over time and across disaggregated sectors is also examined. Improvement in allocative efficiency was sizable between 2003 and 2013, but significantly slower after 2007. However, the earlier trend reversed in 2014 and resource misallocation worsened in Turkey's manufacturing. The cross-sector analysis reveals that misallocation is most pronounced in textiles, transport, food, and leather.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS7780 AUG 04, 2016