Technology and digital platforms are disrupting the way the tourism sector operates from end to end affects low-income markets striving to leverage tourism for development impacts.
... See More + Digital platforms, in particular, provide both opportunities and challenges for World Bank Group client countries looking to harness tourism to help achieve the World Bank Group's twin goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. This report focuses on one disruptive force in the tourism industry: the emergence of peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation. P2P accommodation occurs when individuals offer, in exchange for money, a room or an entire house for short-term accommodation. The rapid growth of this new product is shaking up the hotel industry and creating a new way to travel and interact with a destination and its community. The objectives of this report are to investigate the opportunities and challenges that P2P provides in developed and emerging destinations and to offer a set of recommendations to better use this new business model for sustainable and inclusive tourism. The report also sketches a research agenda for the near future. This report is written for destination managers, policymakers, and World Bank Group staff involved in the design and management of tourism operations.
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Tourism is growing faster than ever before in emerging and developing economies. In just 10 years, the tourism landscape has changed completely.
... See More + Digital platforms are changing the way travel is traditionally researched, bought, sold, experienced and shared. Facilitated by digital platforms, user-Generated Content (UGC) is fast becoming the most important and widely used source of travel information. This impacts the traveler's path to purchase and disrupts established travel agencies, guidebooks, conventional marketing approaches and star rating systems. It also presents new opportunities for developing destinations to leverage these platforms for big data and cost-effective performance improvements. The World Bank Group and TripAdvisor collaborated on this report to support destination management organizations and local suppliers to extract the most value from UGC, while avoiding its pitfalls. This body of work aims to highlight good practices and suggest tools to consider when building plans for managing online reputation. It also provides case studies that illuminate effective campaigns and investment. The report is intended for use by those involved in or responsible for the management and/or marketing of a destination or a tourism business, with a focus on the leisure-travel market.
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This issue of Indonesia Daily Economic Update for July 27, 2018 contains economic highlights, including: Bank Indonesia (BI) is planning to regularly release four new indicators on job vacancy, property markets, payment systems and economic policy uncertainty index, utilizing the development of big data.
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This note is part of a series of notes that explore new trends and developments in Fintech and analyze their potential relevance for WBG activities.
... See More + The note discusses how new technology can make insurance more inclusive and hold the potential to overcome barriers to inclusive insurance when suitably transferred to emerging countries.
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Economic Complexity is a set of network-based and algorithmic methods for the study of economic development and competitiveness. In this framework, Economic Fitness is an innovative approach that improves the mathematical and conceptual scheme.
... See More + For convenience, these methods were originally conceived on trade in goods. This paper extends the Economic Fitness methodology to include a trade in services element to yield a universal matrix of world trade and thus provide a more complete picture of a country's development and global competitiveness. The paper applies two algorithms to the universal trade in goods and services matrix to contrast country competitiveness and change in complexity and diversification when services are added to the traditional goods-only matrix. The results show that (i) the competitiveness of many countries was previously over- or underestimated, that is, many countries gain or lose positions in the ranking of economic fitness when services trade is considered alongside goods; and (ii) complex services tend to cluster with complex manufacturing, suggesting a common capabilities structure. These findings show how developing complex services aids diversification strategies for developing countries.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS8485 JUN 21, 2018
Emerging technologies based on big data analytics offer potential for vastly enhanced data on forced migration flows, which can provide detailed and accurate information on the needs and motives of forced migrants.
... See More + Big data approaches offer policymakers and international organizations the potential to accurately measure, and even predict, forced migration flows, as well as instability and violent conflict that occur as a result. Traditional means of collecting data from refugees and IDPs remain useful, but need to be complemented by insights from new analytical capabilities.
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Impact Evaluation to Development Impact (i2i) is a multi-donor trust fund managed by Development Impact Evaluation (DIME) in the World Bank Research Group.
... See More + It is designed to generate high-qualityand operationally relevant Impact Evaluation (IE) research to transform development policy, help reduce extreme poverty, and secure shared prosperity. i2i's purpose is to improve development practice through a greater emphasis on the dialectics of development and the empirical testing of competing hypotheses. Our model embeds learning into each element of the policy cycle, from policy design to operational options and from scope and scale of a program, to the structure of the next phase of learning. Some call this impact evaluation, some, science of delivery, and others, adaptive programming, but the underlying idea is to use scientifically valid operational research to generate useful data and evidence to inform operational decisions in real-time and achieve greater policy effectiveness. In other words, using data and evidence to save and improve lives.
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The objective of the Building Higher Standards for the National Statistical System Project for Peru is to support the National Statistics and Informatics Office (INEI) to develop the National Strategic Plan of Statistical Development 2018-2022, and to take steps to elevate the standards for the integration of data from administrative registries for statistical purposes; the production of more timely and complete national accounts, and the production of statistical information relevant to Peru’s engagement with the OECD.
... See More + The Government of Peru (GoP) has strongly committed to ambitious goals regarding service delivery. One of the strongest commitments is related to access of water and sanitation: The GoP intends to reach universal coverage in urban areas for 2021 and for rural areas before 2030. In recent years, the government has put a lot of emphasis in making informed decisions, especially after the introduction of performance-based budgeting in 2007. The successful story regarding the outstanding reduction of stunting rates is an iconic example of evidence-based policy in Peru. The GoP managed to secure an appropriate stream of resources through the Articulated Nutritional Program (Programa Articulado Nutricional, PAN); which were delivered through a results-based approach to the same districts prioritized by the conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, known as Juntos. This context, jointly with higher incomes from economic growth, provided a virtuous cycle in which supply and demand for vital health services intertwined, resulting in decreased stunting. At the international level, the GoP has committed to making and monitoring progress on the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda. Furthermore, it has aspirations to join the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as member by 2021, in preparation of which Peru is currently undergoing a thorough review in several policy areas as part of an OECD Country Program. Meeting these ambitious goals implies collecting better and more frequent data, improving monitoring and evaluation systems and continue strengthening evidence-based policies.
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The development objective of the Second State Statistical System Development Project for Russia is to assist the government of the Russian Federation to produce reliable, timely, and accurate economic, financial, socio-demographic, and other data for policy formulation and decision making in line with international good practice and frameworks.
... See More + The restructuring will include: (i) a 30-month extension of the closing date from December 31, 2018 to June 30, 2021; (ii) a change in components and costs caused by the increase of the Borrower’s counterpart funding to implement new activities; (iii) changes in the results framework to address new timeline and revised target values for some indicators as well as addition of three new indicators to monitor the progress of the activities; and (iv) changes in disbursement estimates and implementation schedule.
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Since its adoption in December 2015 by the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21), within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), 175 countries to date have ratified the Paris Agreement.
... See More + These countries have made commitments Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), in some cases contingent on financing by developed countries, to limit or reduce their Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through a variety of measures including more significant deployment of renewable power, energy efficiency, land-use controls such as conservation of forests and grasslands, carbon pricing, and other measures compatible with each country’s national circumstances and capabilities. Even with full ratification of the Agreement by all 197 signatories, the aggregate effect is projected only to slow the rate of GHG emissions growth from the 24 percent increase, between 1990 and 2010, to an anticipated increase between 2010 and 2030 of between 11 and 23 percent. To foster higher ambition and sustainable development, and also encourage large-scale financing towards the most effective mitigation measures, Article 6 of the Agreement recognizes that countries may engage in cooperative approaches, including the use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes (ITMOs) towards their individual NDC. In this new, complex and diverse environment, this paper aims to examine emerging digital technologies and architectures that could be used to enhance and connect the heterogeneous climate actions across countries, thereby supporting post-2020 climate markets that facilitate the most cost-effective achievement of the highest possible ambition. Given the speed with which information technology, system architectures, domestic policy, and other relevant elements are developing, the roadmap laid out in this paper will likely continue to evolve significantly over the next few years.
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Traditional audit methods served auditors for decades but as technology advances and stakeholders’ expectations evolve, so does the need for auditors to innovate and transform their approaches in order to keep pace with demand.
... See More + This publication describes some of the opportunities that new technologies, especially the use of audit data analytics, can offer for audits of entities of all sizes. It also provides a few tips which might be useful for practitioners, Small and Medium Sized Practices (SMPs) and Professional Accountancy Organizations (PAOs) as they support their members.
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This note shows how big data can help combine experimental with non-experimental approaches in impact evaluations when take-up is low. In this study, author have access to a large administrative data set (of 660 MB), which follows the monthly financial indicators of each client for up to 18 months prior to the intervention and 6 months after it.
... See More + Moreover, from the experimental approach their also had a large pool of clients randomly assigned to the control group. This data enables us to obtain credible estimates by combining the experiment with two non-experimental approaches. Their first use propensity score matching to find, among the clients in the control group, a subset of clients that best mimics the pre-intervention financial trajectories of clients in the treatment group that received treatment. The effects of the workshops on the treated clients are summarized. Under our preferred specification, the author finds that participating in the workshop increases by 11 percentage points the likelihood of paying more than the minimum payment, and reduces by 3.4 percentage points the likelihood of delaying payment. Monthly credit card spending increases by 63.7 percent, and the likelihood of owning a deposit account with our partner bank also increases by 2.7 percentage points. The two financial education interventions help clients reach the minimum payment and pay their bills on time more often, without reducing their credit card spending. Both interventions increase the likelihood that clients are profitable for the bank.
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