Ratings for the Himachal Pradesh Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project for India were as follows: outcomes were satisfactory, risk to development outcome was moderate, Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and Borrower performance was moderately satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: substantial investments in capacity building of these locally authorized institutions ensured gender parity, and led a significant number of women getting elected to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), thus creating an approach that can provide dividends for future watershed projects. To enhance efficiency in project management, it is important that fiscal decentralization and community empowerment move hand in hand. addition to improving all-weather rural connectivity and access to markets, these structures have ensured sustained access to services (for example, healthcare, school education, transport) which are crucial for building overall resilience to unforeseen exigencies in the project areas. Since such projects promote many common interest groups (CIGs) around selected agriculture products, it will serve such projects better if productivity projections and agribusiness promotion are made integral part at the design stage. Comprehensive treatment of selected catchments and application of a package of productive practices have opened multiple income streams for beneficiaries from diversified agriculture productivity, improved livestock development, and monetized ecosystem services.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR4212 SEP 20, 2017
Agriculture accounts for 40 percent of the land area and 70 percent of the freshwaterresources that humans use, and 24 percent of human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions.
... See More + The scale of global emissions from agriculture and land-use change is increasingdue to population growth, growing consumption of meat and dairy products,and the rising use of nitrogen fertilizers,1 among other factors. Projections indicatethat emissions from human activities other than agriculture and land-use change couldincrease from 54 gigatons (Gt) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) to roughly 70 GtCO2-eq by 2050. To avoid dangerous global warming in which the global temperaturerises above 2 degree Celsius relative to preindustrial eras, global GHG emissions by2050 need to fall to roughly 21–22 Gt CO2-eq. Under business-as-usual practices,agriculture would contribute roughly 70 percent of these total emissions by midcentury.This implies that agriculture will need to cut its current emissions by two-thirdswhile simultaneously increasing food production.
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Somalia currently faces large-scale food insecurity, arising from the drought and poor rainfall conditions prevailing across much of the country.
... See More + Following four consecutive seasons of poor rainfall and low river water levels in large swaths of the country, a severe food crisis has hit in 2017. The drought has led to near total crop failures and reduced rural employment opportunities, widespread shortage of water and pasture, and consequent increases in livestock deaths, which have in turn stretched the country’s coping mechanisms to the brink. Food access diminished rapidly among poor households as staple food prices rose sharply and livestock prices dropped significantly as people engaged in forced sales to cope with the effects of the drought. According to a preliminary Rapid Drought Needs Assessment (RDNA) by World Bank staff, which is based on a triangulation of secondary data1 through remote-sensing techniques, the drought has led to: livestock-related losses of between US$1.3 billion and US$1.7 billion for the period of the drought; crop production losses of up to US$60 million during the period of the drought; and depletion of nominally functional water resources, over 50 percent of which are located within highly drought stressed areas. The new Somali leadership has highlighted drought relief as a top priority. The peaceful and smooth transfer of power has allowed the government to focus quickly on drought and the difficult fiscal situation, highlighting the combined humanitarian and development challenges facing the country. The Humanitarian Response Plan presented at the London Conference in May 2017 increased the appeal to US$1.5 billion to reach 5.5 million people with urgent lifesaving humanitarian assistance. Still, per the UN (2017), the humanitarian situation remained grim for millions as of mid-2017 with a significant risk of famine in many parts of the country.
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The development objective of the Agro Processing; Productivity Enhancement; and Livelihood Improvement Support Project for Nigeria is to enhance agricultural productivity of small and medium scale farmers and improve value addition of priority value chains in participating states.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) community land - replacement land or if unavailable, compensation to be paid to the community with their full consultation and participation; (2) replacement in consultation with concerned parties including ministry of environment with respect to forest and trees; (3) cash compensation for temporary loss of income; (4) cash compensation for crops at full market value of crop yield per hectare; and (5) cost re-building and moving back to initial location.
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This brief is to support drought risk reduction and decision-making to build resilience, an open access and open source crop risk monitoring system, 4Crop, has been developed to predict crop failure and risk zones in Niger and Mali.
... See More + The tool, whichuses open source meteorological satellite data sets, offers decision-makers and interestedstakeholders a long-term and sustainable solution in accessing risk information.
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Ratings for the Orissa Community Tank Management Project for India were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory, the risk to development outcome was moderate, the Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also moderately satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: to transform the gains attained in water and crop productivity in the project, effective revenue models need to be designed and implemented at the WUA level. Such mechanisms should be based on an analysis of all potential sources of revenues, including in-kind contributions from users. An achievement in the project has been the installation of the state-of-the-art cutthroat flume in the canal and distribution system for accurate measurement of water flows in a large number of MIPs (80 percent). However, the design did not include any monitoring of flows either through manual or simple automated devices in a continuous manner to evaluate performance efficiency of the tank system with regard to net additional water realized after modernization of tank systems and to quantify water budgets/intake for crops. Agriculture water resources management projects can only achieve sustainable results if the sustainability of assets and institutional sustainability are secured by project closing. Traditional project indicators measure the progress at the time of project closing. Going forward, more thought could be given to how to better assess local capacity for WUA functioning and how to measure sustainability of institutions and development outcome after completion.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3918 DEC 20, 2016
This report responds to a request from the Government of Lao PDR (GoL) to comment on an Action Plan (AP) to close the Resettlement Implementation Period (RIP) as defined in the Concession Agreement for the Nam Theun 2 Hydro Project (CA) by December 2017.
... See More + The report records our detailed comments on the objectives, indicators and key actions in the draft AP. Our suggestions are summarised under each pillar of the AP in terms of overall outcomes and indicators and specific important actions both by December 2017 and the longer term. We also comment on the institutional responsibilities and required capabilities for the period to the end of 2017 and the longer-term arrangements for governance and management of the development of the Nakai plateau and on.
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The development objective of Shaanxi Poor Rural Areas Community Development Project for China intends to implement the plant disease and insect pest management plan only in eleven counties and twenty nine towns and villages in five cities of Shaanxi Province.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) apply grafting in root to prevent blight verticillium wilt, bacterial wilt, and nematodes and other soil borne disease; (ii) apply reasonable rotation, high temperature tightly greenhouse, prevent and treat damp disease like grey mould and prevent occurrence of powdery mildew, downy mildew, bacterial spot, alternaria solani, late blight and leaf mildew; (iii) apply the plastic films for double ridges and dripping irrigation under plastic film to lower the relative humidity of the air inside the greenhouse and limit the spread of high-humidity diseases such as gray mold and downy mildew; (iv) prevent wintering pests from recovery with membrane covered around the trunk, use lamplight, poison bait and stem residue to trap and kill pests and measures like scrape bark and fruit bagging are all effective in preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests; (v) clean up the weeds in the surrounding environment, ponding and all kinds of organic residues timely to avoid pests breeding, unclean water, and control the flow of cultivation field personnel at the same time; (vi) insect-proof nets and screens shall be installed for doors and windows of mushroom plant facilities; close the door immediately when entering and leaving mushroom room, strengthen artificial hunting and luring; and (vii) use botanical pesticides like neem oil, melia azedarach, Cortex Meliae and nicotine to control all kinds of pests.
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The post-dollarization boom is over and trend GDP growth is now 2-3 percent. Continued adverse weather conditions have drastically reduced agricultural production, and Zimbabwe is forecast to grow by 1.4 percent in 2016.
... See More + Recently, per capita income has stagnated as trend growth barely covers population growth. In 2016, poverty is expected to rise and the poor, especially in rural areas, will bear the brunt of the decline in economic growth. Moreover, the economic downturn generates continued deterioration in income distribution, leaving the rural poor even poorer.
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The environmental, health, and safety (EHS) guidelines are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific examples of good international industry practice (GIIP).
... See More + When one or more members of the World Bank Group are involved in a project, these EHS guidelines are applied as required by their respective policies and standards. The EHS guidelines contain the performance levels and measures that are generally considered to be achievable in crop production areas by existing technology at reasonable costs. Application of the EHS guidelines to existing farming systems may involve the establishment of site-specific targets, with an appropriate timetable for achieving them. This document includes information relevant to large-scale production, harvesting, post harvesting processing and storage of major annual crops, including cereals, pulses, roots and tubers, oil-bearing crops, fiber crops, vegetables, and fodder crops, located in both temperate and tropical regions. This document is organized in the following manner: section one presents industry-specific impacts and management; section two presents performance indicators monitoring; and section three presents references. For more publications on IFC Sustainability please visit www.ifc.org/sustainabilitypublications.
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The development objective of the Himachal Pradesh Horticulture Development Project for India is to support small farmers and agro-entrepreneurs to increase the productivity, quality, and market access of selected horticulture commodities in Himachal Pradesh.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) strict monitoring protocols will be imposed to prevent major outbreaks occurring; (2) encourage farmers to opt for special measures like drip irrigation systems, crop management practices; (3) build capacity for sustainably managing pollinators; (4) engaging community mobilizers effectively to ensure cohesive group formation and functioning; (5) develop simple and easy to understand messages and information brochures for effective communication; and (6) provide training at the cluster level in monitoring and evaluation (M and E) for tracking project progress.
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Ratings for the Second Rural Productive Partnerships Project for Colombia were as follows: outcomes were satisfactory, risk to development outcome was moderate, Bank performance was satisfactory, and Borrower performance was moderately satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: the productive partnerships approach can be a cost-effective way to boost productivity, expand production, improve competitiveness, and link farmers to markets. Selection of sub-projects through an open, competitive process based on clearly defined technical evaluation criteria can be crucial for establishing credibility among stakeholders and avoiding political interference. Accompanying producer groups over an extended period while they grow and mature is crucial for ensuring long-term success. Transition planning for World Bank-financed projects should begin early and not left to the final months of implementation. Successful projects that are not effective in communicating their achievements to key audiences may have difficulty securing funding going forward. Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) centers are a source of information, knowledge, and capacity that can be tapped to support project design and implementation activities.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3038 DEC 14, 2015
The environmental, health, and safety (EHS) guidelines are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific examples of good international industry practice (GIIP).
... See More + When one or more members of the World Bank Group are involved in a project, these EHS guidelines are applied as required by their respective policies and standards. The EHS guidelines contain the performance levels and measures that are generally considered to be achievable in plantations by existing technology at reasonable costs. Application of the EHS guidelines to existing farming and forestry systems may involve the establishment of site-specific targets, with an appropriate timetable for achieving them. This document includes information relevant to large-scale plantation crops and out grower systems and focuses on the primary production and harvesting through farming and plantation forestry of major multi-year food, fiber, energy, ornamental, and pharmaceutical crops, located in both temperate and tropical regions. It includes tree crops (such as olives, citrus, coffee, rubber, eucalypts, and cacao) as well as banana, sugarcane, and palm oil. This document is organized in the following manner: section one presents industry-specific impacts and management; section two is performance indicators monitoring; and section three presents references. For more publications on IFC Sustainability please visit www.ifc.org/sustainabilitypublications.
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At the request of the government of Kenya and under its guidance, a team of national and international experts conducted an appraisal of different agricultural insurance options for Kenya.This appraisal, as set out in this document and the accompanying technical analysis, lays out the costs and benefits of developing large-scale agricultural insurance that involves both the public and private spheres.The analysis considers potential structuresfor large-scale agricultural insurance in Kenya, the fiscal cost to the governmentof Kenya, and the economic benefits forfarmers and pastoralists.In order for it to partner with the privatesector to prepare and implement a large scale agricultural insurance program, the government should consider taking thefollowing next steps.The government of Kenya may build on there commendations by the Program Steering Committee to take the lead in formulating anational policy on agriculture insurance, incooperation with county administrations and private insurance companies.
... See More + The government of Kenya may develop aroad map for establishing the institutionsrequired for large-scale agricultural insuranceprograms, with the goal of covering at leasta fifth of Kenya’s agricultural producers. As next steps for establishing livestockinsurance, the government of Kenya may decide how to integrate the proposed insurance product with other existing protection mechanisms. As next steps for crop insurance, the government of Kenya may seek consultationswith agricultural banks and work withprivate sector insurers to develop a dataaudit system acceptable to international reinsurers.
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