The development objective of Sustainable Energy Development and Access Project for Micronesia, Federated States of are: (i) to improve the reliability of electricity supply; (ii) expand access to electricity; and (iii) scale-up renewable energy generation in the project areas.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts are as follows: (i) permanent loss of productive land (garden land, forest land, aquaculture land); (ii) loss of residential land; (iii) totally affected houses or shops and secondary structures or partially affected but no longer viable; (iv) partially affected houses, shops and secondary structures but remaining part is viable; (v) loss of business income during relocation or during dismantling and repair of affected portion; (vi) loss of crops and trees; (vii) permanent loss of physical cultural resources, public structures, village or collective ownership; and (viii) graves located in the affected area. Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) cash compensation at replacement cost which is equivalent to the current market value of land with the community, of similar type, category and productive capacity, free from transaction costs(Taxes, administration fees); (ii) cash compensation at replacement cost which is equivalent to the current market value of land of similar type and category, free from transaction costs (taxes and admin fees) plus allowance for levelling and registering land; (iii) cash compensation but should not be less than the unrealized income and revenue that could be generated by the property during the period of temporary use of the land; (iv) cash compensation at replacement cost using current market values for new house or shops, structure with no deduction for depreciation or salvageable materials; (v) cash compensation at replacement cost for the affected part and cost for repairing the remaining part; (vi) cash compensation equivalent to the average daily income rate multiplied by the number of days of business disruption; (vii) if standing annual crops are ripening and cannot be harvested, cash compensation at market price equivalent to the highest production of crop over the last three years multiplied by the current market value of crops; (viii) compensation at replacement cost for present or existing physical structures based on its present value; and (ix) compensation for removal of graves will be paid directly to Affected Persons (AP’s), including cost of excavation, relocation, reburial, purchasing or obtaining land for relocation of graves and all other reasonable costs in accordance with local rituals.
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The development objectives of the Scaling-up Renewable Energy Project for Bangladesh are to have proper resource assessment of renewable energy in Bangladesh, piloting some projects of new technology which can be model for investors, technical capacity building in renewable energy sector and to perform study and research and development (R and D) on renewable energy in Bangladesh.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: DC will pay to the land owners for the standing crops. EGCB will verify whether the identified land owners, within the 165.5 acres of land proposed for the project, have received compensation for lands or crops. Some of the owners recorded in joint verification, have placed their claims to the DC, Feni. Those applications are under verification and validation in the DC office. Once the compensation for land is paid by DC, compensation for crops will also be paid, in cases where standing crops were recorded on the lands during joint verification. Understanding of the compensation payment by the DC, Feni to the affected land owners, the potential claimants will approach the Land Acquisition Section (LA Section) of the DC Office in Feni with available ownership documents. The LA Section will verify and validate the documents in favor of the claims to understand the validity of the ownership/legal lease right. Claimants with valid and complete documents, will be paid by the DC, Feni. Those who will fail to establish their ownership/legal lease right to the DC, may approach the SEIU of EGCB, if they have claims for loss of standing crops with evidences. The claims will be placed with the local GRM for review, verification and validation. If the claim is proved to be valid, the LVC will undertake assessment of the loss and determine compensation for loss of standing crops.
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The objective of the Medium-Size Cities Integrated Urban Development Project is to support the Government of Uzbekistan (GoU) to: (a) enhance livability in targeted medium-size cities by improving selected urban infrastructure, public spaces and access to services; and (b) strengthen institutional capacity of the respective local authorities.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts are include: (i) loss of land(agricultural,residential,commercial or otherwise including resident and non-resident landlords); (ii) loss of residential structure(inhabited structures); (iii) loss of commercial structures; (iv) impact to tenants (residential/ commercial / agricultural); (v) impact to trees, standing crops, other properties perennial and non-perennial crops; (vi) loss of land /house / shop; (vii) impact to squatters; (viii) impact to encroachers; (ix) loss of employment in nonagricultural activities or daily agricultural wages or other wage workers; (x) vulnerable Households(Women headed household, Low-Income household, a household headed byelderly with no support and household headed physically challenged people); Some of the mitigation measures are include: (i)
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This volume examines the causes and consequences of drought on Lebanon’s agriculture. Lebanon is getting hotter and dryer. Projections show droughts will likely become more frequent and severe.
... See More + Climate change, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) impact the occurrence of drought to varying degrees, with NAO being the biggest short-term driver and climate change being the biggest long-term driver. The drier conditions will have important ramifications on Lebanon’s agricultural economy and the wellbeing of citizens working in agriculture. Ramifications include production declines and the loss of livelihoods, among others. Drought was not considered an important issue in the country until recently. But, that view is slowly changing as a series of droughts and other extreme weather events over the past decade demanded the nation’s attention. With greater awareness of drought, public institutions slowly begin to change, moving from reactionary responses to taking the first steps towards strategic planning. Still, much more can be done. These actions include: developing a national drought action plan, establishing drought monitoring systems, improving ministerial coordination, utilizing new technologies like Hydroponics and Early Warning Systems, improving the quantity and quality of climatic data, and other actions. The individual chapters of this volume were compiled using information from five commissioned background papers. These background papers relied on mostly secondary data sources. But, some primary data was collected as well. Through key informant interviews and focus group discussions, thirty stakeholders were consulted. They represent various research institutes, the private sector, government agencies, and civil society organizations. The purpose of this volume is to build off the 2013 book, Increasing Resilience to Climate Change in the Agricultural Sector of the Middle East: The Cases of Jordan and Lebanon (Verner et al. 2013). That book prioritized agricultural needs in Jordan and Lebanon, including knowledge generation and technological advancement. This volume adds to both topics.This report examines the causes and consequences of drought on Lebanon’s agriculture. It finds that Lebanon is getting hotter and dryer, while droughts will likely become more frequent and more severe. We see that climate change, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) may impact the occurrence of drought to varying degrees, with NAO being the largest short-term driver and climate change being the largest long-term driver. The drier conditions will have important ramifications on Lebanon’s agricultural economy and the wellbeing of citizens working in agriculture. Impacts from drier conditions include production declines, loss of livelihoods, and many others. Until recently, drought was not considered an important issue in the country, but that view is slowly changing because of a series of droughts and other extreme weather events that occurred over the past decade. With greater awareness of drought, public institutions have also slowly begun to change, moving from reactionary responses to taking the first steps towards strategic planning.
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The development objective of the Second Land Administration Project for Ghana is to consolidate and strengthen land administration and management systems for efficient and transparent land services delivery.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts are include: i) farmers will lose access to the farm produce as a result of the proposed civil works; (ii) Vulnerable person will lose access to the farm produce as a result of the proposed civil works; Some of the mitigation measures are include: (i) replacement value for crops not harvested and for land preparation; (ii) Lands Commission will facilitate access to secured alternative customary land for PAPs rent so they can continue their farming; (iii) An assessment will be undertaken regularly for three years after resettlement to ascertain whether the socio-economic status of PAPs has improved or at minimum has been re-established to pre-displacement levels. If the status has not been re-established to pre-displacement levels additional measures will be undertaken to ensure that their socio-economic status is re-established; (iv) Lands Commission will bear the cost of all compensations for loss of access to farm produce as a result of the project; (v) The project will pay labor cost for the farmer who had prepared his land for planting but had not yet planted before the cut-off-date; (vi) Crops will be valued at replacement cost and compensated for in cash.
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The development objectives of the National Urban Transport Improvement Project for Kenya are to: (a) improve the efficiency of road transport along the Northern Corridor through Nairobi; (b) improve public transport in Nairobi; and (c) strengthen the institutional capacity in the urban transport sub sector.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts include: (i) the patterns of social interaction in the affected communities, including social networks and social support systems; (ii) potential displacement of communal assets including public infrastructure and social services that will be affected; (iii) damage to assets, crops and trees; (iv) potential displacement of livelihoods; (v) potential displacement of communal assets including public infrastructure and social services that will be affected; and (vi) loss of assets, livelihoods, community property and sites of cultural importance. Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) identification and preparation of an inventory of impacted properties and livelihoods for each household whether land owner licensee, tenant, or illegal occupant; (ii) determine their replacement cost; (iii) to provide the basis for compensation or resettlements for livelihoods lost; and (iv) ensure provision for assistance to vulnerable groups who are vulnerable to be given support of their livelihoods.
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