The objective of this demographic dividend operational tool for pre-dividend countries is to help teams from government, the World Bank, and other partners have productive policy dialogues to harness a demographic dividend through a systematic diagnosis by: using solid data and information to identify the specific constraints in a particular country; and mapping specific constraints to evidence-based policy and programmatic options.
... See More + The demographic dividend is the accelerated economic growth that can result from a rapid decline in a country’s fertility and the subsequent change in the population age structure. Demographic dividend corresponds to a 20-30-year period in a country’s demographic transition when the proportion of working age population compared to the number of dependents increases rapidly. The first demographic dividend - the extra boost to the economy based on a productive labor supply - focuses on the labor supply effects of changes in age structure. Further in the demographic transition, a possible second dividend results from the savings and investments of the bulge cohort as it matures and saves for retirement.The objective of this demographic dividend operational tool for pre-dividend countries is to help teams from government, the World Bank, and other partners have productive policy dialogues to harness a demographic dividend through a systematic diagnosis by: using solid data and information to identify the specific constraints in a particular country; and mapping specific constraints to evidence-based policy and programmatic options. The demographic dividend is the accelerated economic growth that can result from a rapid decline in a country’s fertility and the subsequent change in the population age structure. Demographic dividend corresponds to a 20-30-year period in a country’s demographic transition when the proportion of working age population compared to the number of dependents increases rapidly. The first demographic dividend - the extra boost to the economy based on a productive labor supply - focuses on the labor supply effects of changes in age structure. Further in the demographic transition, a possible second dividend results from the savings and investments of the bulge cohort as it matures and saves for retirement.
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The development objective of the Climate Resilience Multi-Phase Programmatic Approach Project for Sri Lanka is to improve Sri Lanka's resilience to extreme climate events and the government's capacity to respond to disasters effectively.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for reporting any complaints; (2) alarm warning to the pedestrian, vehicle, and workers using sign boards, fence, band tape, etc.; (3) ensure prevention of risks from electrocution by regular inspection and maintenance of all electric power driven machines used on the construction site; (4) special traffic management plan and deploying additional traffic police should be put in place; (5) prepare relocation plans with service providers for utilities to be shifted; (6) maintain a sound waste management system within the camps and the site and do not allow to dispose the garbage, waste water as well as sewerage water to open places and land; (7) establish a grievance redress mechanism for workers and host communities; (8) conduct awareness programs to laborers on hygienic status including sexually transmitted diseases; and (9) provide suppliers of potable water and clean eating place where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances.
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During survey data collection, respondents' answers may be influenced by the behavior and characteristics of the enumerator, the so-called enumerator effect.
... See More + Using a large-scale experiment in Uganda randomly pairing enumerators and respondents, the study explores for which types of questions the enumerator effect may exist. It is found that the enumerator effect is minimal in many questions, but is large for political preference questions, for which it can account for over 30 of the variation in responses. The study then explores which enumerator characteristics, and which of their combination with respondent characteristics, could account for this effect. Finally, the conclusion provides some practical suggestions on how to minimize enumerator effects, and potential bias, in various types of data collections.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS8671 DEC 11, 2018
This report aims to provide a market overview that describes the main characteristics and size of current and future demand for tourism products delivered by and based in local communities in Africa.
... See More + If demand is better understood, supply can be better developed and better placed to take advantage of the market access opportunities offered by the growth in digital platforms. Increased supply that is performing well will yield development results for marginalized communities and help to increase shared prosperity.
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A current account deficit is sustainable when its underlying drivers support a smooth correction in the future. It is unsustainable when symptomatic of macroeconomic imbalances that would eventually trigger disruptive adjustments.
... See More + Although a current account deficit in itself is neither good nor bad, it is likely to be unsustainable and lead to harmful consequences when it is persistently large, fuels consumption rather than investment, occurs alongside excessive domestic credit growth, follows an overvalued exchange rate, or accompanies unrestrained fiscal deficits. Even though a current account deficit is often paralleled by deteriorating net foreign assets, it may not be as informative about immediate-term financial vulnerabilities as the size, maturity, and currency composition of gross financial stocks.
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