The education sector in Ukraine is in the middle of ambitious - and long overdue - reforms that hold great promise to fundamentally transform the sector.
... See More + New laws have been passed for higher education (in 2014), for research and scientific activity (in 2015), and, more recently, the framework law for the education sector, law on education (in 2017). Alongside the budget decentralization reform (2014) these laws represent a major shift towards devolving authority from central to local government and the expansion of decision-making autonomy by local authorities and education service providers (for example, schools and universities). Moreover, as part of these reforms, per student financing for schools was introduced in 2017, with the potential to incentivize local actors to use resources more efficiently. Taken together, these changes represent the most ambitious reform agenda for the education system since the collapse of the Soviet Union. However, the costliest feature of the general secondary education law is a promise to increase the starting salary of teachers to four times the minimum living wage by 2023. If not managed carefully, this increase threatens to put the sector on a fiscally unsustainable path which could undermine the broader reform agenda. This note highlights some areas of the reform agenda where more focus will be needed, and presents some options for how to implement the promised wage increase in a fiscally sustainable manner.
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The education sector in Ukraine is in the middle of ambitious - and long overdue - reforms that hold great promise to fundamentally transform the sector.
... See More + New laws have been passed for higher education (in 2014), for research and scientific activity (in 2015), and, more recently, the framework law for the education sector, law on education (in 2017). Alongside the budget decentralization reform (2014) these laws represent a major shift towards devolving authority from central to local government and the expansion of decision-making autonomy by local authorities and education service providers (for example, schools and universities). Moreover, as part of these reforms, per student financing for schools was introduced in 2017, with the potential to incentivize local actors to use resources more efficiently. Taken together, these changes represent the most ambitious reform agenda for the education system since the collapse of the Soviet Union. However, the costliest feature of the general secondary education law is a promise to increase the starting salary of teachers to four times the minimum living wage by 2023. If not managed carefully, this increase threatens to put the sector on a fiscally unsustainable path which could undermine the broader reform agenda. This note highlights some areas of the reform agenda where more focus will be needed, and presents some options for how to implement the promised wage increase in a fiscally sustainable manner.
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This paper examines the role of courts in promoting fulfillment of the right to education in developing countries, focusing on India and Indonesia—two countries that have experienced increased education rights litigation in recent years.
... See More + It argues that this litigation has been part of broader struggles over education policy, inequality, and the capture of educational institutions by political and bureaucratic forces; and that the extent to which litigation has been used and led to policy changes has depended significantly on the nature of, and access to, the court system; the presence of support structures for legal mobilization; the ideology of the courts and judges; and the roles and the willingness of litigants to pursue redress. Broadly, litigation has served the interests of the poor and marginalized, though gains have largely come through better access to education while issues of improving quality have been less prominent.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS8448 MAY 21, 2018
Cabo Verde is a lower-middle-income country consisting of 10 islands located off the coast of West Africa. Approximately 88 percent of its population (0.5 million) lives on four of the 10 islands.
... See More + The country has made substantial development progress and is currently the richest country in West Africa and the ninth richest in Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2016, Cabo Verde’s gross national income per capita was US$2,970, almost six times what it was in 1982. Cabo Verde has made significant progress in expanding access to education and has achieved nearly universal access to basic education in the past decade, with the literacy rate growing steadily. However, learning levels and learning outcomes remain relatively low: A national large-scale assessment conducted in 2010 of sixth-grade students found that the average score was 44 percent in mathematics and 39 percent in Portuguese.
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