Pandemics pose a serious threat to both global health and economic security, as well as to our ability to end extreme poverty and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
... See More + Against this background, the Pandemic Emergency Financing Facility (PEF) has been designed by the World Bank, in collaboration with public and private partners, to tackle a financing challenge critical to managing severe disease outbreaks with pandemic potential. The PEF is an innovative, insurance-based financing mechanism designed to finance response efforts in IDA-eligible countries to tackle rare, high-severity disease outbreaks, with the aim of preventing such outbreaks from becoming pandemics. The 50 million US dollars IDA allocation would be provided as a grant from IDA toIBRD as Trustee of the PEF FIF. The allocation would be sourced from the IDA17 RegionalProgram. For IBRD as Trustee of the PEF FIF to receive the IDA grant, IBRD (as Trustee) willenter into a Financing Agreement with IDA. This Pandemic Emergency Financing facility (PEF) is designed to help fill a critical gap in the international aid architecture, as one part of the global solution to strengthen pandemic risk management. The PEF will help fill the financing gap that occurs after the initial outbreak occurs and before large-scale humanitarian relief assistance can be mobilized. Funds made available quickly in this timeframe are essential to preventing a severe outbreak from becoming a pandemic.
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The development objective of the East Africa Public Health Laboratory Networking Project for Rwanda is to establish a network of efficient, high quality, accessible public health laboratories for the diagnosis and surveillance of tuberculosis and other communicable diseases.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) waste removed by the constructor should be disposed following municipality’s regulations; (2) Kibungo hospital shall make sure that the identified space and anti-erosive grass is planted; (3) construction vehicles should be assigned specific access road to the site; (4) construction noise should be limited to official working hours; (5) asbestos should be handled and disposed by skilled and experienced professionals; and (6) recycling of plastic waste and biodegradable waste should be ensured.
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In 2011, Japan celebrated the 50th anniversary of its own achievement of universal health coverage (UHC). On this occasion, the government of Japan and the World Bank conceived the idea of undertaking a multi-country study to respond to this growing demand by sharing rich and varied country experiences from countries at different stages of adopting and implementing UHC strategies, including Japan itself.
... See More + This led to the formation of a joint Japan-World Bank research team under the Japan-World Bank partnership program for UHC. The program was set up as a two-year multi-country study to help fill the gap in knowledge about the policy decisions and implementation processes that countries undertake when they adopt UHC goals. This report brings together 10 in-depth studies on different aspects of Japan's UHC experience, using a common framework for analysis focused on the political economy of UHC reform, and the policies and strategies for addressing challenges in health financing and human resources for health. Japan's commitment to UHC played a key role in the country's economic recovery after World War second, and helped ensure that the benefits of economic growth were shared equitably across the population.
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The development objectives of the Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control Project are to improve the health care system's responsiveness (effectiveness) in prevention, early detection, and management of selected non-communicable diseases.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts include: (i) delivery of substandard materials which may cause risks to the safety of structure and to health of people; (ii) nuisance to local residents from noise and dust; (iii) pollution of environment with emissions and leakages; (iv) pollution of ground water and soil with oil products due to operation of equipment; (v) loss of vegetation due to ground piling and minimization of pollution of surface water with particles; (vi) slopes erosion and landscape damage; (vii) pollution of surface and ground waters; (viii) atmospheric air and surface water pollution; (ix) radiation background increase; and (x) disruption of the hospital operation causing nuisance to the staff and patients. Some of the mitigation measures include : (i) purchase of construction materials from the licensed providers; (ii) respect of the established hours and routes of transportation; (iii) adequate technical condition of construction equipment; (iv) cars and construction equipment washed outside the construction site or on maximum distance from the Hrazdan river; (v) topsoil removal and temporary storage at a separate place at the beginning of works (to dispose to landfill in case of pollution and for re-cultivation of the land); (vi) purchase of inert materials from the existing suppliers; (vii) temporary storage of construction waste in especially allocated areas; (viii) selection of a place for the plant that provides minimal disturbance of population with noise, dust and exhaust; (ix) quality control and radiation safety procedures; and (x) back-up arrangements in place for ensuring permanent supply of electric power, hot water and healing to the Armenian Centre of Excellence in Oncology (ACEO).
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The development objectives of Southern Africa Tuberculosis and Health Systems Support Project for Africa are to: (i) improve coverage and quality of Tuberculosis (TB) control and occupational lung disease services in targeted geographic areas of the participating countries; and (ii) strengthen regional capacity to manage the burden of TB and occupational diseases.
... See More + This project has three components. 1) The first component, Innovative Prevention, Detection, and Treatment of TB, will improve the demand for and availability of high-quality TB, TB-HIV and AIDS, and occupational lung disease services in targeted geographic areas of the four participating countries. It has two sub components as follows : (i) enhancing case detection and treatment success; and (ii) rolling out a standardized package of occupational health services and mining safety standards across the four countries. 2) The second component, Regional Capacity for Disease Surveillance, Diagnostics, and Management of TB and Occupational Lung Diseases, will strengthen selective aspects of health systems to position the subregion to better manage the TB epidemic and other infectious diseases. It has three subcomponents as follows: (i) improving quality and availability of human resources in the targeted areas; (ii) strengthening diagnostic capacity and disease surveillance; and (iii) strengthening mine health regulation. 3) The third component, Regional Learning and Innovation, and Project Management, will fund technical support to strengthen regional capacity and promote regional innovation through sharing of knowledge and evidence from interventions implemented under Components and 1 and 2. It has three subcompoents as follows: (i) operational research and knowledge sharing; (ii) centers of excellence in TB and occupational lung disease control; and (iii) regional coordination, policy advocacy, and harmonization.
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The project development objectives of Health Equity and Quality Improvement Project for Cambodia is to improve access to quality health services for targeted population groups with protection against impoverishment due to the cost of health services in teh country.
... See More + This project has four components. 1) The first component, Strengthening Health Service Delivery, will expand the current Service Delivery Grant (SDGs) into a mechanism for providing performance-based financing to different levels of the Cambodian primary and secondary health system based on achievement of results. It has three subcomponents as follows: (i) the first subcomponent, Service Delivery Grants : Health Centers (HCs), will provide SDGs to HCs to help finance the Minimum Package of Activities (MPA) of HCs. Over and above the fixed grants, the amount and payment of the performance grants will be based on the utilization (that is, quantity) of services provided and on the quality of services; (ii) the second subcomponent, Service Delivery Grants: Hospitals, aims to incentivize improvements in the quality of care at the secondary level, improve performance in capacity-building activities for in-service and preservice candidates, and promote utilization of services by Health Equity Fund (HEF) beneficiaries; (iii) the third subcomponent, Service Delivery Grants: Provincial Health Departments (PHDs) and Operational District (ODs), aims to strengthen the management of ODs and PHDs. 2) The second component, Improving Financial Protection and Equity, will continue to support and expand the HEF system and co-finance with the RGC the cost of health services for the poor. 3) The third component, Ensuring Sustainable and Responsive Health Systems, will support a program of activities designed to improve supply-side readiness and strengthen the institutions that will be implementing project activities. It has three subcomponents as follows: (i) the first subcomponent, Health System Strengthening, will support a program of activities designed to improve supply-side readiness and strengthen the institutions that will be implementing project activities; (ii) the second subcomponent, Health Infrastructure Improvements, is expected to finance civil works according to the priorities identified by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in its civil works plan 2016–2020; (iii) the third subcomponent,Project Management, Monitoring, and Evaluation, will support provision of technical and operational assistance for the day-to-day coordination, administration, procurement, financial management (FM), environmental and social safeguards management, and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of the project, including the carrying out of financial audits of the project. 4) The fourth component, Contingent Emergency Response, will allow for the reallocation of financing in accordance with the International Development Association (IDA) Immediate Response Mechanism (IRM) to provide an immediate response to an eligible crisis or emergency, as needed.
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The objective of the Regional Disease Surveillance Systems Enhancement (REDISSE) Project for Nigeria is to strengthen national and regional cross-sectoral capacity for collaborative disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West Africa.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: all drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line with applicable government water pollution control regulations; used oil from maintenance shall be collected and disposed off appropriately at designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally; entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels or holding structures such as banks, drains, dams, etc. to reduce the potential of soil erosion and water pollution; and disposal sites for clean spoil are necessary, they shall be located in areas, approved by the SE, of low land use value and where they will not result in material being easily washed into drainage channels. Whenever possible, spoil materials should be placed in low-lying areas and should be compacted and planted with species indigenous to the locality.
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The objective of the Regional Disease Surveillance Systems Enhancement (REDISSE) Project for Nigeria is to strengthen national and regional cross-sectoral capacity for collaborative disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West Africa.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: all drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line with applicable government water pollution control regulations; used oil from maintenance shall be collected and disposed off appropriately at designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally; entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels or holding structures such as banks, drains, dams, etc. to reduce the potential of soil erosion and water pollution; and disposal sites for clean spoil are necessary, they shall be located in areas, approved by the SE, of low land use value and where they will not result in material being easily washed into drainage channels. Whenever possible, spoil materials should be placed in low-lying areas and should be compacted and planted with species indigenous to the locality.
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The development objective of the Regional Disease Surveillance System Enhancement Project for Africa is to strengthen national and regional cross-sectoral capacity for collaborative disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West Africa.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) in urban areas, unregulated practices by both public, private hospitals and private waste collectors has resulted in dumping of medical waste (infectious and sharps) at municipal dump sites; (2) variations in the composition of waste raises serious issues at the local level which require different approaches with respect to necessary medical waste management procedures to be applied in order to achieve sustainability; (3) the disposal practise for sharps and used medical supplies are incinerated, disposed in pits or in the open, collected by specialized firms, mixed with general waste with the risk of infections at community level, exposure of garbage workers to infection; (4) responsibilities for waste management are not well defined in most Health Care Facilities (HCFs) except in tertiary and secondary HCFs; (6) general public, including children playing with hazardous items that they find in the waste outside the HCF when it is made accessible through improper Health Care Waste Management (HCWM); (7) the dumping of HCW in uncontrolled areas can have a direct environmental effect by contaminating soils and underground waters; and (8) improper burning or incineration of HCW, air can also be polluted causing illnesses to the nearby populations.
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The objective of the Regional Disease Surveillance Systems Enhancement (REDISSE) Project for Nigeria is to strengthen national and regional cross-sectoral capacity for collaborative disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West Africa.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: all drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line with applicable government water pollution control regulations; used oil from maintenance shall be collected and disposed off appropriately at designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally; entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels or holding structures such as banks, drains, dams, etc. to reduce the potential of soil erosion and water pollution; and disposal sites for clean spoil are necessary, they shall be located in areas, approved by the SE, of low land use value and where they will not result in material being easily washed into drainage channels. Whenever possible, spoil materials should be placed in low-lying areas and should be compacted and planted with species indigenous to the locality.
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The development objective of the West Africa Regional Disease Surveillance Systems Enhancement (REDISSE) and Staple Crop Processing Zone (SCPZ) Projects for Africa is to strengthen national and regional cross-sectoral capacity for collaborative disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West Africa.
... See More + It will address systemic weaknesses within the animal and human health systems that hinder effective disease surveillance and response. This Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) is intended to help manage the adverse effects of identified pests and pesticides on cassava in the SCPZ Alape-Agbadu site to acceptable levels. The plan is designed to minimize potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment and to advance ecologically based IPM. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include : i)To increase the productive of large scale agricultural project and animal disease vector risk control program to use of chemicals, reagents, and pesticides with potential impacts and risks on the environment and human health; ii) improved pubic and animal health; (iii) Increase capacity of institutions to manage health mergencies/outbreaks in environmental and socially safe manner; IPM programs use current, comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.
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The objective of the Regional Disease Surveillance Systems Enhancement (REDISSE) Project for Nigeria is to strengthen national and regional cross-sectoral capacity for collaborative disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West Africa.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: all drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line with applicable government water pollution control regulations; used oil from maintenance shall be collected and disposed off appropriately at designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally; entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels or holding structures such as banks, drains, dams, etc. to reduce the potential of soil erosion and water pollution; and disposal sites for clean spoil are necessary, they shall be located in areas, approved by the SE, of low land use value and where they will not result in material being easily washed into drainage channels. Whenever possible, spoil materials should be placed in low-lying areas and should be compacted and planted with species indigenous to the locality.
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The development objective of the National Immunization Support Project for Pakistan is to increase equitable coverage of services for immunization against vaccine preventable diseases (VPD), including poliomyelitis, for children between 0 and 23 months in Pakistan.
... See More + The project comprises of five components. The first component, strengthening provincial management, governance and stewardship functions supports: robust monitoring and evaluation mechanisms; surveillance systems; the provincial expansion and maintenance of the vaccine logistics management information system (vLMIS); and oversight, coordination, and stewardship functions. The second component, improving service delivery performance will support: enhanced planning for performance; availability and management of skilled human resources; effective supervisory systems for expanded program on immunization (EPI); and enhanced linkage to communities. The third component, demand generation will support: social mobilization and community awareness; advocacy; and school curriculum. The fourth component, vaccine supply chain will support the national procurement of essential equipment to strengthen the capacity and performance of the national and provincial vaccine supply chains. The fifth component, improving capacity for increased immunization coverage will support: capacity of federal and provincial EPI cells; research and evaluation; disbursement-linked indicator (DLI) certification; and coordinating the technical assistance.
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