The development objective of the Improving Access to Affordable Housing Project for Mexico is to increase access to affordable housing for low-income beneficiaries.
... See More + The project comprises of three components. The first component, acquisition of housing units will enhance access to housing by assisting low-income beneficiaries to purchase their first new or existing housing unit in eligible locations through the provision of direct supports. The second component, self- production of housing units will enhance access to housing by assisting low-income beneficiaries in the design and construction of their housing units through the provision of direct support. The third component, strengthening urban management will foster the development of affordable housing through the carrying out of: (a) technical and analytical studies to assist in the formulation and revision of selected municipal urban planning instruments including, inter alia: (i) housing demand diagnostics; (ii) infrastructure requirement analysis to inform master plans for urban renovation and or densification; (iii) technical-prefeasibility studies; (iv) architecture urban design studies; and (v) financial structuring for affordable housing investments; and (b) citizen awareness campaigns and other dissemination and communication activities.
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The development objective of Livelihood Enhancement and Association of the Poor (LEAP) Project for Cambodia is to provide poor and vulnerable households in selected rural and urban communities improved access to financial services, opportunities for generating income, and small-scale infrastructure.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (a) information on involuntary resettlement and on provisions for compensation is provided to the Commune Council during one of the first information or training meetings; (b) the detailed survey and mapping team carries out its work in presence of at least one representative from each village; (c) special attention is paid to map (a) all current land use with the proposed LEAP including temporary chamkar of poor families, and (b) all fallows in case of remaining rotational agriculture; (c) a village consultation meeting inviting all land users is held prior to deciding to set up an exchange scheme for existing land users between their current land and LEAP land, to ensure that data on current land use within the LEAP area are verified with the occupiers and that all such schemes are largely voluntary; (e) a consultation meeting is held with Commune and village officials and representatives, as well as concerned land users, prior to small infrastructure design; (f) the affected families have the right to receive land in compensation for land lost, cash in compensation for fixed assets and standing crops, and the cost of rebuilding a house; and (g) in communities still carrying out the rotational shifting cultivation system of indigenous peoples, exclude these areas from the proposed LEAP.
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The development objective of Livelihood Enhancement and Association of the Poor Project for Cambodia is to provide poor and vulnerable households in selected rural and urban communities improved access to financial services, opportunities for generating income, and small-scale infrastructure.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (a) vegetation cover and or trees at the construction site (road, drainage system, etc.) or any other location to be used by the Project may be removed or disturbed during construction phase; (b) if sand, gravel and stones from river bed is extracted, flowing pattern of river may be seriously affected; (c) excavation works generate waste; (d) uncontrolled generation of wastewater may cause environmental pollution, nuisance, and health concerns to workers and the public; (e) some of the solid waste may be cross-contaminated with oil, paints, etc. that may be toxic and pose public health risk; (f) exposure to high level of dust and smoke may have health impact: affect respiratory system, eyes; (g) noise disturb hearing or listening activities and may cause stress and or headaches; (h) the eroded top soil will ends up at downslope then being wash down further by rain water causing highly turbid water and river bed or stream siltation or sedimentation; (i ) cultural sites may be affected with dust, noise from material and waste loading or disposals Some artefacts may expose during execution of earthworks at the sites; (j) stagnant water formed from disturbed area at construction site is favor for mosquito breeding, which is a vector of water-borne diseases; and (k) construction-related activities may cause safety risks for local community, particularly children if they access to open holes or present at the site during materials transports loading and unloading.
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La vivienda es un motor de la economía que genera crecimiento económico y empleo, maximiza el impacto de las inversiones en infraestructura urbana y de transporte, y aumenta los ingresos fiscales.
... See More + A pesar de importantes esfuerzos por promover la oferta de nueva vivienda, el Perú registra el tercer déficit de vivienda más grande de la región. Esta situación representa una oportunidad para enfocar las políticas públicas en coordinación con acciones de las empresas constructoras y sus proveedores, así como de las entidades financieras.
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This main report is about Africa that is rapidly urbanizing and will lead the world’s urban growth in the coming decades. Currently, Africa is the least‐urbanized continent, accommodating 11.3 percent of the world’s urban population, and the Sub‐Saharan region is the continent’s least‐urbanized area.
... See More + However, the region’s cities are expanding rapidly, by 2050; Africa’s urban population is projected to reach 1.2 billion, with an urbanization rate of 58 percent (UN‐HABITAT 2014). With this rate of growth, Africa will overtake Asia as the world’s most rapidly urbanizing region by 2025 (UN 2014). Although the nature and pace of urbanization varies among countries, with over a quarter of the world’s fastest growing cities, Africa is undergoing a massive urban transition. Globally, cities are major drivers of economic growth, and the quality and location of housing has long-term consequences for inclusive growth. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, urbanization is not accompanied by the level of per-capita economic growth or housing investment that is observed elsewhere in global trends. Incomes in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) have not kept pace with urbanization, which, in many African countries, has not necessarily been accompanied by industrial growth and the structural transformation as has occurred in other regions. Housing stocks, along with investment and employment in related construction and finance industries, constitute a major component of national economic wealth. The key challenge for African cities, however, has been the comparatively low growth in per‐capita income, which limits the resources that households have to consume or invest in housing. At the same time across the region, the formal channels through which quality housing is produced and financed face major constraints that limit access to a large share of urban households. Hence, the formal housing sector is only a small part of the economy because the construction and finance services have very little effective demand, evidenced by the lack of formal investment in housing across the region. Recent studies have found that in Africa, formal housing investment (in national current accounts data) lags behind urbanization by nine years (Dasgupta et al. 2014). Furthermore, the capital investment in infrastructure needed to handle rapid urbanization typically happens (if at all) after housing has already been built, often in informal settlements.
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This main report is about Africa that is rapidly urbanizing and will lead the world’s urban growth in the coming decades. Currently, Africa is the least‐urbanized continent, accommodating 11.3 percent of the world’s urban population, and the Sub‐Saharan region is the continent’s least‐urbanized area.
... See More + However, the region’s cities are expanding rapidly, by 2050; Africa’s urban population is projected to reach 1.2 billion, with an urbanization rate of 58 percent (UN‐HABITAT 2014). With this rate of growth, Africa will overtake Asia as the world’s most rapidly urbanizing region by 2025 (UN 2014). Although the nature and pace of urbanization varies among countries, with over a quarter of the world’s fastest growing cities, Africa is undergoing a massive urban transition. Globally, cities are major drivers of economic growth, and the quality and location of housing has long-term consequences for inclusive growth. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, urbanization is not accompanied by the level of per-capita economic growth or housing investment that is observed elsewhere in global trends. Incomes in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) have not kept pace with urbanization, which, in many African countries, has not necessarily been accompanied by industrial growth and the structural transformation as has occurred in other regions. Housing stocks, along with investment and employment in related construction and finance industries, constitute a major component of national economic wealth. The key challenge for African cities, however, has been the comparatively low growth in per‐capita income, which limits the resources that households have to consume or invest in housing. At the same time across the region, the formal channels through which quality housing is produced and financed face major constraints that limit access to a large share of urban households. Hence, the formal housing sector is only a small part of the economy because the construction and finance services have very little effective demand, evidenced by the lack of formal investment in housing across the region. Recent studies have found that in Africa, formal housing investment (in national current accounts data) lags behind urbanization by nine years (Dasgupta et al. 2014). Furthermore, the capital investment in infrastructure needed to handle rapid urbanization typically happens (if at all) after housing has already been built, often in informal settlements.
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Low-income consumers stand to benefit greatly from more accessible and affordable digital financial services (DFS) offerings. Indeed, evidence from consumer research in 16 markets analyzed for this paper indicates that customers highly value and benefit from many basic DFS.
... See More + However, many users are not only new to both formal finance and technology, they also live precarious financial lives that allow little room for error. Enabling users to understand and mitigate risks and minimize potential losses when using these new products and services will be critical for DFS to meet users’ expectations and needs and, in turn, achieve sustained financial inclusion. The paper reviews available evidence on DFS consumers’ risk perceptions and experiences, focusing on risks that can cause financial loss or other harm. Its main goal is to advance responsible digital finance by helping the diverse industry actors engaged in DFS delivery better understand which problems are most important from the consumer perspective and motivating them to strengthen risk mitigation practices. The paper analyzes consumer research findings from 16 countries, including surveys and qualitative research in nine countries, four country case studies, and other research. It also presents findings from an initial landscaping study of relevant risk mitigation efforts by FSPs, as well as observed consumer protection regulatory and supervision measures.
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