The objectives of the Additional Financing for the Second Land Administration Project for Nicaragua are: (a) to strengthen the property rights of the population in the Project area through improved regularization, titling, and registry services; and (b) to improve Nicaragua's capacity to respond promptly and effectively to an eligible emergency.
... See More + The AF focuses on: (i) expanding the Integrated Cadastre Registry Information System (SIICAR) in Managua and Estelí; (ii) scaling-up cadastral, titling, and regularization services; (iii) strengthening municipal cadastre capacity; and (iv) supporting land administration studies and Project management, monitoring and evaluation. The AF will use the existing implementation arrangements, with the exception of two of the co-executing agencies, the National Institute for Development Information (INIDE) and the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARENA), given that their activities will be completed under the original credit. To allow sufficient time to complete all AF activities, the project’s closing date will be extended by 18 months, from December 31, 2018 to June 30, 2020. The original credit’s closing date will not be extended. Disbursement estimates, components, costs, and the implementation schedule have been revised to reflect the scale-up of activities and extension of the closing date. The results framework is also updated to reflect the expanded scope of investments and additional implementation time.
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Ratings for the Real Estate Registration Project (RERP) for Tajikistan were as follows: outcomes were not applicable, risk to development outcome was not applicable, Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and Borrower performance was moderately unsatisfactory.
... See More + In a letter of January 4, 2017 Ministry of Finance (MOF) reiterated that State Unitary Enterprise for Registration of Immovable Property (SUERIP) was not able to accept the terms and conditions of the subsidiary agreement under the project and that MOF wished to redirect the funds from RERP to another project. This was later discussed with the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Vice President in a meeting on January 17, 2017 with the First Deputy Prime Minister, and again during a meeting between the Country Manager and the Chairman of the State Committee for Land Management and Geodesy (SCLMG) on February 13, 2017. During the latter meeting, it was confirmed that the Government of Tajikistan did not wish to proceed with the project. Based on the project’s failure to become effective a cancelation notice was sent on March 17, 2017 effective January 5, 2017. The main implication of the failure of the project to become effective is that SUERIP and the citizens of Tajikistan will not benefit from the project activities to implement a land administration system and the investment the project will have provided to modernize the system.
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Ratings for the Second Land Administration Project for West Bank and Gaza were as follows: outcomes were highly unsatisfactory, the risk to development outcome was high, the Bank performance was moderately unsatisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also highly unsatisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: all the related parties should be engaged in the previous mentioned discussions in any project in order to have logical, achievable and measurable objectives. This engagement allowing making discussions regarding the potential problems and maybe agreeing upon the solutions before facing the problems during the implementation of in the project. The committee responsible for the coordination between the project activities and the administration body of the PLA was directed by the project manager and this is not best practice because same person cannot represent the project and play the role of the coordinator at the same time. There was a bid for privatization activities of settlement for 90,000 dunum but no one applied, this was a failure in understanding the local facts of the Palestinian private sector and their capacities, and it also means that the estimations were very high and that the persons who developed the bid did not have a correct vision of what could be accomplished. The preparation phase of the project should include the M&E system to be up and running before the starting of the project not within the or after the project implementation phase.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3978 JAN 13, 2017
The objectives of Hunan Integrated Management of Contaminated Agricultural Land Project for China is to improve environmental management of agricultural land contaminated with heavy metals and other pollutants for safe agricultural production in selected counties in Hunan.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts are includes : (i) The impacts include air-borne dust, nuisance odor and tail gas, construction wastewater and solid waste including the dredged sediments, noise and destroy of artificial vegetarian cover; Some of the mitigation measures are includes : (i) no-horn sign shall be set up in sensitive spots and measures shall be adopted to reduce noise, such as using low-noise equipment, control noise source, transmission and traffic noise; (ii) earth excavated should be used for grad filling in other contracts of the project; (iii) construction works should be divided into several sections to reduce dust. Water spray should be applied on the site; (iv) construction works should be divided into several sections to reduce dust. Water spray should be applied on the site; (v) rehabilitation or construction of irrigation ditches should be scheduled to avoid the irrigation season, and temporary pass-by ditches should be provided as necessary; (vi) settling tanks should be set up at construction sites to treat the construction wastewater for reuse on site; (vii) construction management should be enhanced to avoid the leakage of fuel from equipment; the drainage system should be established in the spoil stockpile area; (viii) contractor works should be trained on the environmental protection; (ix) domestic solid waste on construction site should be collected and transported out of the site to local landfill facility for landfill; (x) environmental awareness of farmers should be enhanced by launching comprehensive awareness outreach plans; (xi) institutional capacity for supervision and implementation of the project should be enhanced;
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Ratings for the Conservation of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Management in the Atlantic Forest of Eastern Paraguay Project for Paraguay were as follows: outcomes were satisfactory, risk to global environment outcome was moderate, Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and Borrower performance was moderately satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: landscape approaches should engage the broadest cross-segment of civil-society and private-sector groups as possible. Sustainable landscape management and restoration projects require longer timeframes. The participation of indigenous communities and National Indigenous Peoples Institute (INDI) in the overall project activities was critical to reach the project outcomes. Innovation and adaptability is required for unforeseen project challenges. Under weak institutional frameworks, sophisticated economic incentive schemes do not work properly.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3922 JAN 10, 2017
Cities in Sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing rapid population growth. Yet their economic growth has not kept pace. Why? One factor might be low capital investment, due in part to Africa’s relative poverty: Other regions have reached similar stages of urbanization at higher per capita GDP.
... See More + This study, however, identifies a deeper reason: African cities are closed to the world. Compared with other developing cities, cities in Africa produce few goods and services for trade on regional and international markets. To grow economically as they are growing in size, Africa’s cities must open their doors to the world. They need to specialize in manufacturing, along with other regionally and globally tradable goods and services. And to attract global investment in tradables production, cities must develop scale economies, which are associated with successful urban economic development in other regions. Such scale economies can arise in Africa, and they will—if city and country leaders make concerted efforts to bring agglomeration effects to urban areas. Today, potential urban investors and entrepreneurs look at Africa and see crowded, disconnected, and costly cities. Such cities inspire low expectations for the scale of urban production and for returns on invested capital. How can these cities become economically dense—not merely crowded? How can they acquire efficient connections? And how can they draw firms and skilled workers with a more affordable, livable urban environment? From a policy standpoint, the answer must be to address the structural problems affecting African cities. Foremost among these problems are institutional and regulatory constraints that misallocate land and labor, fragment physical development, and limit productivity. As long as African cities lack functioning land markets and regulations and early, coordinated infrastructure investments, they will remain local cities: closed to regional and global markets, trapped into producing only locally traded goods and services, and limited in their economic growth.
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It is acknowledged that conflict over land is a major source of violence in various parts of Mindanao, particularly the prosed Bangsamoro region.
... See More + Historical accounts trace the root cause of land issues and identity-based conflict to the introduction of the Regalian doctrine of land ownership by Spanish colonizers. During the American colonial regime at the turn of the 20th century, dispossession of land held by the original inhabitants of Mindanao accelerated, with an emphasis of titling lands for private ownership that clashed with the tradition of ancestral domain. This was further exacerbated by migration instigated by the central government, starting with the development of "agricultural colonies: in the early 1900s to 1940s, to the passage of a series of land reform laws from the 1960s until the end of the 1980s to encourage individual land titling as a strategy for agricultural development. These evens radically altered land ownership patterns in Mindanao, as communal ownership of land by its original inhabitants gave way to individual titles in the possession of settlers from Luzon and the Visayas.
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The development objective of the First Phase of Capacity Augmentation of the National Waterway Project for India is to enhance the transport capacity and reliability of national waterway and augment institutional capacity for the development and management of India's inland waterway transport system.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: registered tenants, contract cultivators and leaseholders and sharecroppers will be eligible for compensation for trees and crops as per the agreement document between the owner and the beneficiaries; squatters and encroachers will be provided cash assistance at replacement cost for loss of structures valued as per Basic Schedule of Rates (BSR); reconstruction of community structure and Common property resources in consultation with the community; if post acquisition, residual land is economically unviable, the land owner will have the choice of either retaining or sell off rest of the land; and compensation to be paid by the contractor for loss of assets, crops and any other damage as per agreement between the 'contractor' and the ‘affected party’.
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Section one of this report opens with a brief environmental history of Haiti, followed by an analysis of the current state of environmental conditions, and closes with an examination of contemporary human and landscape vulnerabilities to acute and chronic environmental degradation and extreme climatic events.
... See More + Section two of the report provides a brief summary of 15 regional or national landscape-level land management projects enacted in Haiti since the middle of the 20th century. Section three concludes the report with a summary of important themes and applicable lessons that crosscut the history of landscape-level management projects in Haiti. Section four provides a bibliography of important documents related to the issues examined in this report. This bibliography is intended to serve as a resource for future researchers, policy-makers, program administrators, project implementers, and project beneficiaries working on landscape level land management projects in Haiti.
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The Solomon Islands Electricity Access Expansion Project (the Project) is supported by grants from the Global Partnership on Output Based Aid (GPOBA) and Scaling Up of Renewable Energy Program in Low Income Countries (SREP) under the Strategic Climate Fund aims to increase access of low-income households to electricity in peri-urban and rural areas of Solomon Islands.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: to ensure that the projects contribute to the objective of sustainable development, SP will adopt a comprehensive disclosure and consultation process that includes all stakeholders during project implementation. The consultation process with APs will reveal all foreseeable impacts, and will elicit AP concepts of how mitigation options and resettlement planning can contribute to their aspirations for sustainable restoration or improvement of their livelihoods. In the unlikely event of loss of land, and land-based assets, the aim will be to replace like for like, and if this is not possible, to compensate for lost land, assets and income, and meet the costs of relocation and restoration of livelihoods. Restoration includes not only physical assets, but also social and cultural assets. If there is a risk of disruption of these values, which are often disproportionally encountered by women, the APs will contribute to selection of mitigation and resettlement options to ensure policy objectives are met. The Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) must describe measures taken to consult with affected persons regarding proposed land acquisition, transitional assistance, relocation arrangements, and other arrangements, and summarizes results of those consultations. SP will also be required to disclose the ARAP- both the draft and final versions, to the affected persons and the general public in the project area, in a language and location accessible to them. Disclosure of the draft ARAP should occur at least one month prior to Bank review. Disclosure of the final ARAP occurs following WB acceptance.
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The development objective of Support to the Afghanistan Independent Land Authority-Arazi Project for Afghanistan is to support the Afghan government to develop the policy and regulatory framework and build capacity to deliver transparent, pro-poor land services.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) minimize the effect of dust on the surrounding environment resulting from earth mixing sites, vibrating equipment, temporary access roads, etc. to ensure safety, health and the protection of workers and communities living in the vicinity dust producing activities; (ii) ensure that noise levels emanating from machinery, vehicles and noisy construction activities (e.g. excavation, blasting) are kept at a minimum for the safety, health and protection of workers within the vicinity of high noise levels and nearby communities; (iii) ensure that existing water flow regimes in rivers, streams and other natural or irrigation channels is maintained and or re-established where they are disrupted due to works being carried out; (iii) prevent oils, lubricants and waste water used or produced during the execution of works from entering into rivers, streams, irrigation channels and other natural water bodies or reservoirs, and also ensure that stagnant water in uncovered borrow pits is treated in the best way to avoid creating possible breeding grounds for mosquitoes; (iv) prevent and minimize the impacts of quarrying, earth borrowing, piling and building of temporary construction camps and access roads on the biophysical environment including protected areas and arable lands; local communities and their settlements; (v) upon discovery of ancient heritage, relics or anything that might or believed to be of archeological or historical importance during the execution of works, immediately report such findings to the Severelectro (SE) so that the appropriate authorities may be expeditiously contacted for fulfillment of the measures aimed at protecting such historical or archaeological resources; (vi) discourage construction workers from engaging in the exploitation of natural resources such as hunting, fishing, and collection of forest products or any other activity that might have a negative impact on the social and economic welfare of the local communities; (vii) implement soil erosion control measures in order to avoid surface run off and prevents siltation, etc; (viii) ensure that garbage, sanitation and drinking water facilities are provided in construction workers camps; (ix) ensure that, in as much as possible, local materials are used to avoid importation of foreign material and long distance transportation; and (x) ensure public safety, and meet traffic safety requirements for the operation of work to avoid accidents.
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Ratings for the Real Estate Registration Project for Azerbaijan were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory, risk to development outcome was moderate, Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and Borrower performance was moderately satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: during implementation, it was realized that the 4 million hectares estimated during project preparation was not achievable, as the state land and cartography committee (SLCC) never had this amount of data available. Close monitoring and good collaboration with other donors had a strong impact on the project. Provision of capacity building programs before the start of an information technology (IT) system development would have been beneficial.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3329 MAR 28, 2016
The development objective of the Improved Land Governance and Databases Project for Vietnam is to improve efficiency and transparency in land administration services in selected provinces of Vietnam.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) a balanced approach to promote information dissemination channels, with careful monitoring of internet access and use of Land registration offices (LROs) amongst targeted land users, is important to ensure that benefits provided by Vietnam improved land governance (VILG) are equitably distributed; (2) a community satisfaction survey should be planned in an adequate time during the implementation period to understand emerging constraints and make timely necessary adjustments to avoid exclusion of the vulnerable groups from the project’s benefits; and (3) periodically evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the communication strategy and document lessons learned for the project to be revised and scaled up.
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Ratings for the Second Land Administration Project for Guatemala were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory, risk to development outcome was high, Bank performance was moderately unsatisfactory, and Borrower performance was moderately satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: future efforts should provide increased focus at the municipal level to help promote local development and sustainability of cadastral information. The case of Guatemala shows that in challenging social and political contexts, land regularization can be approached incrementally through piecemeal reforms and piloting rather than comprehensive laws. Detailed information about land tenure and land use is crucial to guide implementation. Social communication campaigns should be implemented by a dedicated unit and involve the participation of technical and legal staff. The approach to implementation of cadastral surveying should provide flexibility and support learning and innovation based on an evolving strategy.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3658 FEB 19, 2016
The Improved Land Governance and Database (VILG) Project provides a better access to land services for all people regardless of their living place and their ethnic group.
... See More + The project will gradually be deployed in the communes of Thai Nguyen Province. The minority communities residing in Thai Nguyen Province will also be included in the scope of project activities. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: local cadastral officers will be noted in project training courses that any land issues related to ethnic minorities must be reported to the PPMU regardless of whether the issues are settled successfully or not. The mechanism for settling complaints and disputes, receiving and tracking the progress of dispute resolution should be followed as dictated in the project operational manual and guidance of the CPMU. To minimize disputes requiring the State official system, the project will encourage ethnic minorities groups to resolve their issues through informal but effective institutions in the community, such as heads of villages, clans, etc. A mediation team will be set up in each commune and village to help the Commune People’s Committees address disputes. The appointment of one official monitoring the dispute resolution at communes, districts and the province as well as the training in dispute settlement to improve skills of cadastral officers and village mediation teams will be maintained during the project implementation.
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The objective of the Second Land Allocation for Social and Economic Development Project for Cambodia is to help improve the target beneficiaries’ access to agriculture resources, and selected infrastructure and social services in project communities.
... See More + Negative impacts include: loss of land, loss of assets, loss of trees and crops, loss of income, and loss of livelihood. Mitigation measures include: with regard to loss of fixed assets other than land (e.g. buildings, fruit trees, or standing crops), these will be compensated at the current market value for such assets existing in the district in question; if the project affected person (PAP) family is displaced and has to move to another location, it will be entitled to salvage construction materials from their old house or other structures, and to assistance to move these materials to the new residential site. The value of housing materials will not be deducted from the compensation amount; and if displaced, the PAP family will also be entitled to the rural development assistance available to other recipients of SLC land grants. The rural development assistance may include food for work, agricultural technical training etc. The detailed rural development assistance activities will be determined through public consultation during project implementation.
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