World Bank emphasizes the importance of social contracts to eliminate poverty and boost shared prosperity. In the 2014 World Bank Group Goals, the World Bank calls for social contracts that prioritize the poor while creating the conditions for equitable growth.
... See More + This learning-oriented evaluation generates lessons from the World Bank’s experience using social contract diagnostics to help countries reshape their social contracts. It does this by:(i) evaluating the quality and value added of social contract diagnostics; (ii) assessing how social contract diagnostics are translated into operations; (iii) identifying the risks and challenges of integrating social contract diagnostics into operations; and (iv) drawing lessons on how to overcome these challenges. At the country level, this evaluation identified 21 Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) that use a social contract framing to diagnose and explain complex development challenges such as entrenched inequalities, poor service delivery, weak institutions, and why decades of policy and institutional reforms promoted by external development actors could not fundamentally alter countries’ development paths.
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The objective of the Energy Sector Development Project for Micronesia, Federated States of is to increase the available generation capacity and efficiency of electricity supply in the state power utilities, and to strengthen the planning and technical capacities of the National Government and the state power utilities in the energy sector.
... See More + The rationale for restructuring is as follows: IDA Grant funds will not be lost to the FSM. These funds can be reprogrammed during the IDA18 cycle; the project PDO and results have been achieved and are anticipated to be over achieved at project closing; a 12-month extension was already granted to take opportunity of the US dollar 2 million savings made from component two and to address the power crises in Pohnpei. Given that the power crisis in Pohnpei has been resolved during this 12-month extension there are no pending critical operational issue for the sector that might be addressed by a further extension; and a new project, the Sustainable Energy and Access Project, is now active and supporting the FSM energy sector.
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The objective of the Water Supply and Sanitation Access Project is to increase access to improved water supply and sanitation services in targeted areas of Eswatini.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: air monitoring will be conducted periodically to assess the air emissions level at the treatment plant; it will be ensured that construction meets applicable standards and industry practices such as conducting regular inspection and maintenance; implementing a leak detection and repair program (including records of past leaks and unaccounted-for water to identify potential problem areas) and replacing mains with a history of leaks of with a greater potential for leaks because of their location, pressure stresses, and other risk factors; the flush water will be discharged into a separate storm sewer system with storm water management measures such as a detention pond, where solids can settle, and residual chlorine consumed before the water is discharged; erosion during flushing will be minimized by avoiding discharge areas that are susceptible to erosion and spreading the flow to reduce flow velocities; oil swabs, spent ad expired chemicals and other hazardous waste will be placed in separate, marked bins and will be stored in containers for environmentally sound disposal in accordance with the Waste Regulations, 2000; and disposing of waste will be done appropriately and on a regular basis in an approved Waste disposal site.
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The development objectives of the Assam Inland Water Transport Project for India are to: (a) improve passenger ferry infrastructure and services in Assam, and (b) improve the institutional capacity and framework.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) employment to at least one member per affected family in the project or arrange for a job in such other project as may be required after providing suitable training and skill development in the required field and at a rate not lower than the minimum wages; (2) subsistence allowance of rupees 3,000 per month for a period of one year to affected households who require to relocate due to the project; (3) transportation assistance of rupees 50,000 for affected households who require to relocate due to the project; (4) an alternative house for those who have to relocate, as per PMAY-G specifications in rural areas and a constructed house or flat of minimum 50 square meters in urban areas; (5) compensation at scheduled rates without depreciation for structure with 1-month notice to demolish affected structure; and (6) 3-month notice to harvest standing crops or market value of compensation for standing crops.
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The development objective of Luanda Bita Water Supply Guarantee Project is to improve access to potable water service in selected areas of Luanda by mobilizing commercial financing for the government of Angola.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts include: (i) excavation, stockpiling and backfilling of earthworks required for pipe trench construction may result in the interruption of drainage channels leading to soil erosion and flooding, in the absence of appropriate management; (ii) unmanaged construction traffic and temporary roads can lead to soil erosion across construction access roads, ROWs and laydown areas; (iii) connecting households to the water supply network if they do not have adequate sanitation may increase the volume of both running and stagnant waste water contributing to increased soil erosion, run-off and flooding; (iv) inadequate design and implementation of temporary drainage can result in surface runoff entrained with sediment and pollutants reaching surface water bodies; (v) inappropriate management of PME refueling and maintenance activities can lead to loss of containment of fuels, lubricants, coolants etc. resulting in surface water contamination; (vi) spillage of fuel, oil and lubricants at the intake pumping station; (vii) construction traffic has the potential to emit engine exhaust pollutants in close proximity to third party sensitive receptors resulting in acute, localized air quality impacts; (viii) spoil stockpiles will cause disruption to visual amenity for sensitive receptors in the locality; and (ix) light emissions have the potential to cause nuisance and disturbance to sensitive receptors in proximity to construction areas in cases where construction activities continue beyond daylight hour. Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) land and vegetation clearance shall be kept to a minimum to reduce soil exposure; (ii) temporary access and haul roads shall be dampened with water to minimize dust from vehicular traffic where necessary, particularly in proximity to dwellings; (iii) Government of Angola (GoA) should urgently consider expanding sanitation network in the project area; (iv) in bare areas, additional vegetation shall be planted to stabilize exposed soil surfaces; (v) maintenance, servicing, and repairs shall be performed offsite when possible at an approved commercial workshop. Where not practicable, an onsite area with appropriate runoff controls shall be designated; (vi) implement spill response plan (SRP) as part of emergency response plan (ERP); (vii) all vehicles and plant used during the works shall be maintained in good working order to ensure optimum performance and minimize excess smoke; (viii) where practicable; equipment, storage containers, site offices, and stockpiles shall be positioned out of the sight-line of adjacent receptors; and (ix) to the extent practicable construction activities shall be restricted to daylight hours.
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