In a resilient city, the solid waste system offers affordable collection services to all residents, irrespective of their tenure status (inclusive).
... See More + Regulations for waste collection, disposal and treatment, especially of hazardous waste, are enforced to protect human health and safety, and the environment (robust). Performance of waste facilities and collection services are regularly evaluated and the recorded (and potential future) vulnerabilities during shocks and stresses inform maintenance and upgrading decisions (reflective). After a disaster event, the city has resources and procedures for dealing with large quantities of debris and/or cleanup of hazardous waste (redundant and coordinated).
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The development objective of Tourist Sector Development Project for Ghana is to promote the potentially transformative sectors for an accelerated and inclusive economic development agenda, thereby creating job opportunities.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts include: (i) water resources and pollution; (ii) air quality; (iii) vibration and noise; (iv) visual intrusion; (v) generation and disposal of solid wastes; (vi) maintaining livelihoods; (vii) public health and safety, and security; (viii) traffic management; (ix) occupational health and safety; and (x) cultural heritage. Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) works not to be executed under aggressive weather conditions such as rains or stormy conditions; (ii) use of good quality fuel and lubricants in vehicles, equipment and machinery; (iii) excavation and construction activities to be carried out during daylight hours; (iv) public to be well informed of upcoming project using appropriate signages and display boards prior to contractor accessing sites; (v) excavated earth materials will, as much as possible, be re-used for back filling purposes to reduce waste; (vi) employment and other opportunities to be given to local communities as much as possible; (vii) warning signs to be posted around work areas to discourage trespassers; (viii) works to be completed on time to minimize inconvenience to motorists and pedestrians; (ix) regularly service all equipment and machinery to ensure they are in good working condition; and (x) necessary cultural rites agreed with community and performed prior to access to sites.
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Ratings for the Emergency Urban Environment Project for Benin were as follows: outcome was satisfactory, Bank performance was satisfactory, and monitoring and evaluation (M and E) quality was modest.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: flexible project management allowed an emergency project to achieve beyond emergency measures. The challenge of embracing an integrated approach to flood risk management, supporting necessary investments without spreading sector investments is too thin. Moving from an impact-focused to an output-focused results framework did not serve the project well. Project achievements exceeded original and revised targets for many of the planned activities under component A and component B. However, the significant over-achievements on multiple levels of the project were not well reflected at the outcome level. Establishing an early warning system (EWS) is highly complex and costly, requiring the right expertise, significant analysis, preparation, needs assessments, and capacity building prior to its design and implementation. Flood maps are important as an analytical foundation for planning interventions, to track and visualize progress, and to evaluate the impact of the project. Collaboration with municipal-level partners and understanding the local political context contributed to securing counterpart funding on time. Project implementation built on the stability and experience of two implementing agencies that were already familiar with managing Bank-financed projects.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR4348 APR 30, 2018
Ratings for the Yunnan Urban Environment Project for China were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory, risk to development outcome was substantial, Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and Borrower performance was moderately satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: the reliance on financial support from the government was not originally incorporated in the cost recovery plans which led to revisions of the project agreement to reflect the actual situation. This project’s successful expansion of key urban environmental services was notable given its comprehensive approach; the project included not only key infrastructure like water supply and wastewater treatment plant (WWTPs) but also cultural heritage management and lacustrine water quality. Task teams should devote careful attention to the multiple factors, especially institutional capacity, that underpin effective coordination and management of inter-jurisdictional resources.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR4259 APR 23, 2018
Ratings for the Second Solid Waste Management Project for Bosnia and Herzegovina were as follows: outcomes were moderately satisfactory, the Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and the monitoring and evaluation quality was substantial.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: a major contribution of the project for the SWM sector development in BH was to sustain and advance the regional approach for treatment and disposal. A line ministry such as a ministry of environment or a ministry of regional development is typically assigned with the responsibility to develop policies, draft legislation and oversee waste management in a country. A waste management section within such line ministry should be established, staffed with professionals and empowered to initiate and carry out the intended reforms. The waste management section could be dedicated exclusively to the waste sector and become the nucleus and driver of reforms. In contrast, BH currently underestimates the amount and complexity of work required by such a department; the line Ministries in RS and the Federation have only skeleton staff of one or two. It is worth noting, however, that the Ministry of Environment in the Federation has very recently, post project closure, established a SWM section under the oversight of one of a Deputy Minister for waste management. This is a major and very positive development for the sector. The SWM section is expected to lead the policy formulation, provide guidance to municipalities and regions, promote the cooperation among stakeholders including industry associations about national issues and exercise stronger institutional oversight. A strong and cogent reform agenda is important to make the SWM sector sustainable, and must be backed by a tailored and specific capacity building program. The project’s performance-based approach has contributed meaningfully to its success. However, the slowness of implementation suggests that the changing complexity of the sector in BH, and the lack of institutional coordination was not catered for. Changes to regulations for granting environmental, planning and building permits, and their implications for project timelines should be considered more thoroughly and proactively to ensure that assets invested in yield their intended results.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR4181 APR 20, 2018
