Mitigation of greenhouse gases in the land sector is complex and has a unique set of challenges. The most significant challenges arise from the geographically diffuse nature of the emissions sources (compared to, for example, point-based energy sources of emissions), the vast array of potential management responses, the ongoing effects of past actions, the interaction of human and natural processes, and the strong influences of policy and markets.
... See More + These factors result in a large number and diversity of actors involved, temporal variability in emissions sources and volumes, and higher uncertainty associated with the processes generating the emission reductions. Because of this, achieving large-scale mitigation in the land sector requires collective action involving multiple stakeholders undertaking different activities. This paper synthesizes several lessons learned in efforts to develop systems that integrate incentive mechanisms at multiple scales. It illustrates many lessons through examples and the appendix presents individual case studies from a variety of geographies, Acre (state in Brazil), Australia, Brazil (Amazon), the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Guatemala, and Zambia. The hope is that the experiences of emerging ‘nested’ systems can provide inspiration to countries developing REDD systems, particularly those which seek to catalyze across a landscape local actions that contribute to national mitigation. The objective of this paper is to share a few lessons from nested systems. While there are many positive benefits to nesting, experience suggests that countries struggle with development of nested systems. Very few have been operationalized (with exception to a few developed countries, such as Australia and New Zealand), although several REDD nested systems are now emerging. Section two explores four high-level ‘typologies’ that countries may consider when developing a nested system. Section three summarizes three key technical challenges that countries face: alignment of measurement systems, reference levels, and double counting. Both sections illustrate options using real-world examples from countries pioneering nested approaches and explain why certain choices were made. The paper concludes with thoughts on overall lessons learned, recognizing that the journey is still young.
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Mitigation of greenhouse gases in the land sector is complex and has a unique set of challenges. The most significant challenges arise from the geographically diffuse nature of the emissions sources (compared to, for example, point-based energy sources of emissions), the vast array of potential management responses, the ongoing effects of past actions, the interaction of human and natural processes, and the strong influences of policy and markets.
... See More + These factors result in a large number and diversity of actors involved, temporal variability in emissions sources and volumes, and higher uncertainty associated with the processes generating the emission reductions. Because of this, achieving large-scale mitigation in the land sector requires collective action involving multiple stakeholders undertaking different activities. This paper synthesizes several lessons learned in efforts to develop systems that integrate incentive mechanisms at multiple scales. It illustrates many lessons through examples and the appendix presents individual case studies from a variety of geographies, Acre (state in Brazil), Australia, Brazil (Amazon), the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Guatemala, and Zambia. The hope is that the experiences of emerging ‘nested’ systems can provide inspiration to countries developing REDD systems, particularly those which seek to catalyze across a landscape local actions that contribute to national mitigation. The objective of this paper is to share a few lessons from nested systems. While there are many positive benefits to nesting, experience suggests that countries struggle with development of nested systems. Very few have been operationalized (with exception to a few developed countries, such as Australia and New Zealand), although several REDD nested systems are now emerging. Section two explores four high-level ‘typologies’ that countries may consider when developing a nested system. Section three summarizes three key technical challenges that countries face: alignment of measurement systems, reference levels, and double counting. Both sections illustrate options using real-world examples from countries pioneering nested approaches and explain why certain choices were made. The paper concludes with thoughts on overall lessons learned, recognizing that the journey is still young.
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The objectives of the Second phase of Modernization of Rani Jamar Kulariya Irrigation Scheme Project for Nepal are to improve irrigation services and to promote improved farming practices for farmers in the irrigated areas of the Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Scheme.
... See More + There are three components to the project, the first component being scheme modernization. Component one will support the construction and modernization of the lower-order irrigation infrastructure, including the sub-branch canals, tertiary canals, and watercourses. The activities will include design and execution of irrigation and drainage subsystems below the branch canals and down to the field outlet levels, including not only the irrigation subsystems but also related river training and flood protection works, collector and tertiary drains, and control structures. The second component is the strengthening WUAs/WUCs and agricultural production support. This component includes two subcomponents: strengthening WUAs/WUCs; and agricultural Production Support. Finally, the third component is the project management. Component three will support activities to ensure effective project management, including fiduciary and safeguards management and monitoring and evaluation (M&E). This component will also finance the preparation of a potential future Phase 3 to cover the RJK-Lamki extension.
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The development objective of the Forestry Development Project for Belarus is to enhance silvicultural management and reforestation and afforestation, increase the use of felling residues, and improve the public good contribution from forests in targeted forest areas.
... See More + The additional financing will finance following components: (i) improvement of silviculture and the sustainability of forest management; (ii) improvement of forest fire prevention, monitoring, detection, and suppression reducing the incidents of forest fire hazards; and (iii) capacity building for sustainable forest management, strengthening the borrower’s capacity for sustainable forest management.
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The objective of the Forest Investment Project for Cote d'Ivoire is to conserve and increase the forest stock and improve access to sources of income from sustainable forest management for selected communities in target zones.
... See More + There are three components to the project, the first component being sustainable management of the Gazetted forests. This component is to contribute to the implementation of zero-deforestation agriculture in GFs and their sustainable management in an inclusive and participatory manner with forest dependent communities and promoting incentive mechanisms that would provide alternative revenues to communities thereby reducing human pressure on protected areas. The component is articulated around three subcomponents: (i) participatory development and implementation of GFs management plans; (ii) development and implementation of an incentive system to reduce pressure on GFs; and (iii) support to voluntary return from the South West to the Center. The second component is the support to sustainable management of the Taï National Park. The component will be implemented through two subcomponents: enhancing surveillance capacity for OIPR; and support to enhance park communities’ livelihoods. Finally, the third component is the project management and monitoring and evaluation. The component is implemented through the two sub-components: project management, and independent monitoring.
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