The development objective of Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) REDD+ Readiness project is to support Nigeria design a socially and environmentally sound strategy to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.
... See More + This paper requires the additional financing (AF) that would support Nigeria to: (i) finalize a socially and environmentally sound national strategy to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation; (ii) complete the REDD+ readiness process as initially planned in its readiness preparation proposal (R-PP) and in line with the evaluation criteria of the FCPF REDD+ readiness assessment framework ; (iii) mobilize funding ; (iv) scale-up REDD+ readiness activities to additional states; and (v) prepare for the future implementation of the National REDD+ strategy of Nigeria. The activities under the AF would be implemented over a period of eighteen months until June 30, 2020.
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This paper uses a choice experiment conducted in Nepal during 2013 to estimate household-level willingness to participate in a village-level program under the Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation initiative requiring reductions in fuelwood collection, as a function of the price paid per unit of avoided carbon dioxide emissions.
... See More + The analysis examines incentives to participate both in villages having formal community forest management, the core institution for implementing Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, and villages having only informal forest user groups. Contrary to previous findings in the literature about participation incentives, but in keeping with other recent studies of Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation pilots in Nepal, this study finds that relatively little emission reduction would take place at prices of $1.00 to $5.00 per ton of avoided carbon emissions. Formal community forests will almost certainly be the core institution within which Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation is implemented in Nepal and likely other countries. The study finds that average and median values of payment required for agreement to reduce fuelwood collection are substantially larger for formal forest user groups than in informal communities. This reflects that formal groups likely already have fuelwood collection restrictions in place, whereas informal groups may de facto permit open access extraction. The analysis also suggests that households that are part of informal groups react to Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation very differently than households that are formal group members. Broadly speaking, "underprivileged" formal group member households, such as those who are landless, female-headed, and poor, appear to be warier of fuelwood collection restrictions and thus require higher payments than average respondents. This difference does not appear to carry over to informal group members.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS8648 NOV 19, 2018
The development objective of the Cocoa Forest REDD Emissions Reduction (ER) Programme for Ghana is to assist Ghana’s efforts to respond to the multiple international safeguard requirements through the adoption of a CAS.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts include: (i)mono specific exotic tree plantings may alter natural vegetation; (ii)plantation tree seedlings may invade adjacent forest (species invasion); (iii)water pollution from agrochemicals including runoff; (iv)increased soil erosion due to repeated disturbance; (v)poor plantation management could impact soil structure and surface layers; (vi)dust emissions from milling operations resulting in air pollution; (vii)issue of increased runoff into water bodies during rainy season; (viii)land conflicts issues; (ix)lack of valuation rates for timber species; (x) potential expansion of negative activities by admitted settlements and farms that result in biodiversity loss, ecosystem changes, depletion of natural resources; (xi)farmers have little say in the harvesting of matured shade trees; (xii)lack of awareness creation programs on health and safety including chemical handling; (xiii) preservation of local cultural identity and heritage; Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) design planting to include bothexotic and indigenous plants inthe right proportions andpositions; (ii) promote buffer zones along the local streams to ensure their integrity and protection of other aquatic life forms; (iii) enrichment planting will bedone in patches of degraded areas along these slopes; (iv) The fertilizers will be applied around each tree in shallow rings to ensure that the fertilizer is available to the young transplanted trees; (v) fire will be used only insituations where this is effective and least environmental damaging; (vi) use of pesticides on plantations will be minimal; (vii) labor-intensive approach using simple farm tools like hoes and cutlasses will be employed; (viii) proper arrangements to be made on land tenure systems to be adopted; (ix) admitted farms and settlement shave expanded beyond allowed limits and will have to return topermitted areas only. they may therefore have to be compensated for any investments/ developments outside of the permitted areas; (x) farmers to participate in discussions to allocate and harvest matured shade trees on their farms and possible benefits or compensation arrangements for affected cocoa trees; (xi) educate and train community fire-fighting volunteers on fire hazards, prevention and use of equipment and implement regular drills; (xii) The project will encourage the use of personal protective equipment/apparels such as Wellington boots/safety boots,gloves, overalls and raincoats for field workers; (xiii) any cultural site including sacred groves on proposed plantations will, with the agreement of the community bewell demarcated and the area not cleared for development.
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The development objective of Emissions Reductions Program Project is to achieve payments for measured, reported and verified emission reductions within the Ghana Cocoa Forest REDD+ Program, and distribute such payments in accordance with agreed-upon benefit sharing plan and arrangements.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts include: (i) land acquisition; (ii) destruction or removal of crops from farmers; (iii) destruction of immovable structures; (iv) using affected land for agriculture irrespective of ownership situation; and (v) business person operating business on project affected land irrespective of ownership (includes squatters). Some of the mitigation measures include: (i) replacement with an equivalent piece of land located in the vicinity of the affected area and cost of taxes, title fees will be paid to the PAPs; (ii) cash compensation for crops not ready for harvesting at time of entry; (iii) relocation to a similar dwelling in a similar location; (iv) cash compensation of any loss of income; and (v) assistance to livelihood restoration.
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The development objective of the First Africa Higher Education Centers of Excellence for Development Impact Project for Nigeria is to improve the quality, quantity, and development impact of postgraduate education in selected universities through regional specialization and collaboration.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) during indoor demolition activities, debris must be kept in a controlled area. Water must be sprayed to reduce dust from debris; (2) implementation of appropriate erosion and sediment control measures, such as hay bales and or silt barriers to prevent the movement of sediments from the site and the generation of excessive turbidity in the yards, water, and nearby rivers; (3) roadways and sites for waste collection and disposal will be identified for the main types of waste typically generated by demolition and construction activities; (4) tree planting to compensate for the possible destruction of green spaces and the shortfall in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration capacities; (5) air pollution control system (compliance with standards for exhaust emissions from construction equipment (work phase); (6) noise from construction activities will be restricted to the schedule agreed in the permit; (7) traffic management system and staff training, particularly for site access and dense traffic near the site; and (8) strict compliance with national regulations on child labor by works contractors.
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Mozambique has 34 million hectares (ha) of natural forests, covering 43 percent of its area. The predominant forest ecosystem is the miombo, covering about two thirds of the total forest area.
... See More + Other forest ecosystems include internationally recognized biodiversity hotspots, such as the coastal forests in the south, afro-montane forests in central Mozambique, and coastal dry forests in the north; and the second-largest area of mangroves in Africa. Forests are an important contributor to the country’s economy and a source of employment, income, and livelihoods in Mozambique’s rural areas. The sector contributed about USD 330 million to GDP in 2011 and directly employed 22,000 people (FAOSTAT, 2011). Forests provide goods and services to local communities, including food, energy, medicine, construction materials and furniture. In some rural communities, miombo woodlands contribute almost 20 percent of household cash income and 40 percent of subsistence (non-cash) income. Forests provide ecosystem services of both local and global value. These include climate regulation through carbon sequestration and storage, watershed protection through soil erosion control, water quality and quantity provision, as well as habitat for globally important species, such as Africa’s iconic large mammals and unique endemic species, such as the Gorongosa Pygmy Chameleon and Vincent’s Bush Squirrel. Based on the recent National Forest Inventory (NFI, 2018), the country’s above- and below-ground carbon stock totals more than 5.2 billion tCO2. This carbon store is central to the country’s climate change mitigation commitments. Promoting sustainable forest management in Mozambique requires significant financing, as it entails changing the land use behavior of millions of smallholders and creating incentives among national stakeholders to manage forests sustainably, as opposed to extracting the most from them in the short-term. Mozambique has developed a Forest Investment Plan that identifies how resources would be used. Further resource mobilization is needed to scale it up and replicate it in other landscapes.
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Working Paper 131837 OCT 01, 2018
Rodrigues De Aquino,Andre; Lim,Celine Jialing; Teixeira Kaechele,Karin; Taquidir,Muino AmarchandeDisclosed
Mozambique has 34 million hectares (ha) of natural forests, covering 43 percent of its area. The predominant forest ecosystem is the miombo, covering about two thirds of the total forest area.
... See More + Other forest ecosystems include internationally recognized biodiversity hotspots, such as the coastal forests in the south, afro-montane forests in central Mozambique, and coastal dry forests in the north; and the second-largest area of mangroves in Africa. Forests are an important contributor to the country’s economy and a source of employment, income, and livelihoods in Mozambique’s rural areas. The sector contributed about USD 330 million to GDP in 2011 and directly employed 22,000 people (FAOSTAT, 2011). Forests provide goods and services to local communities, including food, energy, medicine, construction materials and furniture. In some rural communities, miombo woodlands contribute almost 20 percent of household cash income and 40 percent of subsistence (non-cash) income. Forests provide ecosystem services of both local and global value. These include climate regulation through carbon sequestration and storage, watershed protection through soil erosion control, water quality and quantity provision, as well as habitat for globally important species, such as Africa’s iconic large mammals and unique endemic species, such as the Gorongosa Pygmy Chameleon and Vincent’s Bush Squirrel. Based on the recent National Forest Inventory (NFI, 2018), the country’s above- and below-ground carbon stock totals more than 5.2 billion tCO2. This carbon store is central to the country’s climate change mitigation commitments. Promoting sustainable forest management in Mozambique requires significant financing, as it entails changing the land use behavior of millions of smallholders and creating incentives among national stakeholders to manage forests sustainably, as opposed to extracting the most from them in the short-term. Mozambique has developed a Forest Investment Plan that identifies how resources would be used. Further resource mobilization is needed to scale it up and replicate it in other landscapes.
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