The development objective of the Caribbean Regional Oceanscape Project for Organization of Eastern Caribbean States is to strengthen capacity for ocean governance and coastal and marine geospatial planning in the participating countries.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts are include: (i) coastal forests are being replaced with formal or informal agricultural activities in low lying areas; (ii) current agricultural activities in upland watersheds cause harmful amounts of topsoil or pollutants to flow into estuaries and coastal waters; (iii) quota system need to be developed to manage exploitation of marine fish stocks; (iv) planned expansion of infrastructure in the coastal zone will stress ecosystem services or cause other negative environmental or social impacts; (v) coastal communities in Soubise and Marquis Grenada have been relocated away from the areas vulnerable to storm surges and flooding; (vi) loss of coastal forests and associated wildlife for residential development; (vii) increased housing development in coastal locations with high natural hazard risk exposure; (viii) increased extraction of surface fresh water will negatively impact agriculture, ecology of watersheds and nutrient upwelling in coastal zones; (ix) sand and gravel mining, although illegal in most cases, have negative effect on shoreline stability or sea-floor ecosystems in all OECS MS; (x) competition for agricultural lands as areas with highest solar insulation overlap with best arable flat lands; (xi) pollution from chemicals used in boat repair and maintenance; (xii) capacity assessment of coastal and marine resources to keep pace with the fast-growing rate of tourism sector is necessary; (xiii) potential pollution of remote uncontaminated areas; Some of the mitigation measures are include: (i) agricultural riparian buffer zones created along farms; (ii) environmental Education Strategy for agricultural sector across all education levels; (iii) economic instruments implemented for resource management; (iv) coastal development setback guidelines with climate change and sea level rise scenarios adopted; (v) wastewater treatment facilities with land-based options for final treatment and discharge of water; (vi) waste to energy plants to reduce demands in limited coastal lands; (vii) coastal wetland parks designed to allow for coastal flooding from both stormwater runoff, storm surge and sea level rise; (viii) protected areas of representative coastal forests created; (ix) wastewater treatment facilities integrated into housing development projects; (x) adopt policy for use of renewable energy for desalination projects and grid connect arrangements; (xi) adequate mining regulatory framework to include standards and best management practices for ecosystem restoration; (xii) location of shipping lanes and sensitive ecological areas must be mapped on marine spatial plans to determine where they intersect and to zone uses appropriately for better management; (xiii) establish limits of acceptable change and carrying capacity for marine parks and conservation zones; (xiv) decision-support system for ecosystem-based approach to coastal and natural resources management;
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The development objective of the Pathway to Sustainable Oceans Project for Tonga is to improve management of selected fisheries and aquaculture in the Recipient's territory.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) develop biosecurity management strategies to avoid and minimize future incursions; (2) for fisheries management plans, aquaculture development etc., include ecological impact assessment (particularly of new species) and socio-economic impact analysis (particularly of vulnerable groups) and citizen engagement in the terms of reference (TOR), to be prepared by specialists; (3) include health and safety, and environmental and social best practices into training; (4) include environmental and social assessment in the fisheries sector master plan and feasibility study and in recommendations for future investments; and (5) safeguards officer should contribute to writing of the TOR and review of deliverables to check for compliance with environmental and social management framework (ESMF) and World Bank policies.
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The development objective of the Rural Corridors and Biodiversity Project for Argentina is to increase the protection of vulnerable natural areas and conserve biological diversity within the Gran Chaco ecosystem and the Patagonian Steppe and coastal-marine ecosystems and, implement measures to enhance biodiversity resilience to climate change and protect forest carbon assets.
... See More + This restructuring will: adjust the project design to the new context; streamline project activities, while keeping with the overall scope of the project; and merge some activities to simplify implementation and reduce the number of procurement processes.
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With an increasing population growth in the West African region, coupled with human-induced and natural hazards exacerbated by climate change, the balance of economic, social and cultural elements that are in harmony with the environment, is under threat.
... See More + West Africa is rich in cultural capital and socio-economic classes which are all reliant on the sustainable functioning of the environment. Collaboration at local, national and regional scale is essential to respond to a wide range of challenges such as coastal erosion and flooding, overexploitation of natural resources, marine and coastal pollution, rapid urbanization, and unsustainable land use. It is expected that the coastal ecosystems will be further damaged as climate change becomes worse. The loss of economically valuable ecosystems (biodiversity) resources, in addition to, coastal tourist beaches, hotels, fish landing sites and other key areas will undermine local livelihoods, cultural heritages and the national economies. The national, regional and local governments need to promote alternative livelihoods, enforce fishing quotas, regulate coastal activities and promote blue-green infrastructures (mangroves restoration, endemic plants in lagoons, stabilizing plants on dune systems etc). Governments can act to assist its constituents through negotiated agreements and networks that support protected areas with the goal to achieve a balance between economic, social and cultural developments that can co-exist in harmony with the environment.
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The Atlantic Ocean off the coast of West Africa has a large bounty that has provided employment for fishermen and women, food for families, astonishing sunsets that have attracted tourists and ports that have carried goods resulting in economic strength for many decades.
... See More + However, changes in global and regional climate are resulting in rising sea levels, reduced fish numbers and coastal ruin amongst other impacts. To compound the situation, West African has 51 percent of the total West African population living on the coast. In addition, due to high population growth and the decreased productivity of agricultural lands in the coastal zones, caused by an increased salinization of the soils, coastal communities are under ever-greater pressure as more people move to the coast that are increasingly dependent on ocean resources for their survival. Attracted by the abundance of the West African ocean the coastal populations continue to grow. With more people living in the coastal areas, there is more stress placed on the fish and animal life through physical disruption and pollution, resulting in the degradation or loss of habitats that have crucial value in ecosystem services and biodiversity.
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This report aims to synthesize the current theory and practice of the blue economy concept to govern economic activity linked to the ocean, and to provide a framework for the Government of Bangladesh to analyze its potential.
... See More + With the peaceful resolution of maritime boundary disputes with its neighbors in 2012 and 2014, the Government has recently defined the ocean space under its jurisdiction and prioritized its use as a key source of future economic growth. The Government has prioritized the use of these spaces as a key source of future growth. However, a number of questions remain in embarking on a policy planning process to achieve Bangladesh’s blue economy aspirations, including measures of the current economic uses of the ocean space, the identification of clear targets for sustainable growth of the use of this space, and a policy pathway to get there. Described as an economic frontier, the term “ocean economy” applies collectively to ocean based industry activities and the assets, goods, and services of marine ecosystems. Ocean ecosystems provide the natural capital inputs that combine with produced and human capital to underpin the ocean economy.The concept of a “blue economy” emerged in 2012 as countries around the world have grappled with the twin trends of accelerating growth in the ocean economy and change in the underlying ecosystems. A “blue economy” aims for a balance between economic opportunities and the environmental limitations of using the ocean to generate wealth. Few documents exist to describe how countries can transition their ocean economies toward a blue economy, despite much discussion since 2012. This report fills that gap by offering a conceptual framework to guide policy-makers in Bangladesh in proposing specific reforms, by illustrating the economic activities of the ocean economy together with the underlying natural capital, as well as other types of capital. The framework suggests entry points for policy reforms to change the flow of inputs from ocean ecosystems to the ocean economy over time, or conversely to reduce outputs from economic activity (such as pollution) that may impact the functioning of ocean ecosystems. The report also synthesizes principles that may help guide such policy reforms. Most importantly, the report summarizes the information base needed for the Government of Bangladesh to set realistic targets for a blue economy development pathway and monitor progress.
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Working Paper 126654 MAY 08, 2018
Virdin,John; Patil,Pawan G.; Colgan, Charles S.; Failler,Pierre; Hussain,M.G.; Vegh,TiborDisclosed
The Marine Debris Hotspot Rapid Assessment for Indonesia was conducted by the World Bank at the request of relevant Indonesia government agencies and research institutions, to provide an informed and focused analysis of land-based leakage of solid waste, particularly plastics, to the marine environment.
... See More + The assessment was a rapid study carried out in two phases, providing up-to-date information from 15 cities in western and central parts of Indonesia. The assessment aimed to support Indonesia`s response to the growing crisis of plastics and debris in the country`s and world`s oceans.
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The Marine Debris Hotspot Rapid Assessment for Indonesia was conducted by the World Bank at the request of relevant Indonesia government agencies and research institutions, to provide an informed and focused analysis of land-based leakage of solid waste, particularly plastics, to the marine environment.
... See More + The assessment was a rapid study carried out in two phases, providing up-to-date information from 15 cities in western and central parts of Indonesia. The assessment aimed to support Indonesia`s response to the growing crisis of plastics and debris in the country`s and world`s oceans.
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West African coasts are rich in natural resources therefore it is no surprise that coastal communities have for generationslived off the land and the sea taking advantage of these abundant natural resources for health, food and economic activities.
... See More + The coastal ecosystems such as mangroves,provide important breeding grounds for fish and themineral deposits that have helped to build the thriving coastal cities, trade, commerce and economic development in the area. However, this once abundant land is underthreat from Climate Change, a rising sea level, beach erosion, etc. Human activities are also affecting the functioning and integrity of the environment, the water supplies, agriculture, fishing, mangroves and the available beach areas that the tourists flock to visit. This all directly impacts on the health of families in the community and potentially the family income, a healthy environment can control itself and can help coastal communities to cope with any changes in climatic conditions. Local people and communities can take action to preserve the coastal andmarine environments to ensure the environment continues to function well into the future.
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