Understanding forced displacement and developing effective solutions requires closing several critical gaps in the data. With forced displacement rising worldwide, the body of work on displacement is growing rapidly.
... See More + Data on internally displaced persons (IDPs) are particularly problematic, as the distinction between IDPs and internal migrants are not consistent across countries, and as the presence and number of IDPs is often politicized. While efforts have been made to create standardized frameworks for collecting quantitative data on forced displacement, important data gaps persist. This study helps to close data gaps by using micro-level data to profile IDPs. The report uses micro-data, defined as individual and household-level data that is collected directly through personal interviews. Comprehensive micro-data surveys cover IDP populations in four countries in Sub Saharan Africa: Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, and Sudan. The micro-data surveys represent IDPs, refugees, and non-displaced populations. The analysis is guided by the durable solutions indicator framework while the policy insights focus on overcoming displacement-induced vulnerability. The analysis examines the demographic structure of IDP and resident populations and draws on reasons triggering displacement.
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According to United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Refugee Agency, by the end of 2017, nearly 70 million people worldwide were forcibly displaced - more than the entire population of the United Kingdom.
... See More + Governments, aid agencies, and non-government organizations (NGOs) have long provided humanitarian aid for refugees, addressing immediate needs such as food, water, and shelter. The need for sustainable, long-term solutions that mitigate the negative impacts of forcible displacement, uplift refugees, and support host communities is therefore becoming more acute. Indeed, the development community is increasingly focusing on empowering refugees as agents of their own lives and economic contributors - from providing skills training, to offering employment, and enabling access to financial products and services. Private sector actors are inherently well-positioned to enhance and scale these efforts, given their strategic capabilities and business models. Multinational corporations like Mastercard, regional, and national businesses such as Equity Bank and PowerGen, social enterprises like NaTakallam and Sanivation, and a range of others across industries, are demonstrating the potential roles of the private sector in supporting refugees and host communities.
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Kenya has been hosting refugees since 1970, with the numbers increasing significantly from the 1990s and peaking following the 2011 famine in Somalia.
... See More + The numbers have since dropped with the return of refugees, particularly Somali refugees, which began in 2014. However, the outbreak of conflict in South Sudan in 2013 has since led to an influx of new arrivals in the country. This report is a stock-taking of relevant studies and assessments pertaining to livelihoods of refugees and host communities in Kenya, analysing and consolidating them into one narrative regarding economic opportunities for refugees and host communities. They key messages emerging from that literature are covered in the report.
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Working Paper 135485 MAR 01, 2019
Manji,Farah Noorali Mohan; De Berry,Joanna PeaceDisclosed
The development objective of the Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees and Host Communities Project for Rwanda is to improve access to basic services and economic opportunities for refugees and host communities, and support environmental management, in the target areas in Rwanda.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) putting aside an area for stockpile topsoil for future landscaping; when possible, selecting a site in a areas not suitable for farming; (2) clean up exercises will be regularly undertaken every end of working day so as to retain cleanliness within construction sites; (3) install roof catchment system where rain water should be stored in water tanks and each tanks and used for cleaning and irrigation of garden during dry season; (4) avoid funding projects that need large scale use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers; (5) dust rising during the construction process will be kept down by sprinkling water on the site; (6) regular maintenance of mobile toilets, including the emptying of effluent storage tanks; and (7) construction activities will only be undertaken during daylight hours so as to mitigate noise production during the sleeping and night hours.
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The development objective of the Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees and Host Communities Project for Rwanda is to improve access to basic services and economic opportunities, and support environmental management for refugees and host communities in the target areas in Rwanda.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) cash compensation for affected land equivalent to market value if less than 20 percent of land holding affected land remains economically viable; (2) trees for trees replacement or compensation in cash, depending on project affected persons (PAP’s) choice; (3) provision and capacity building of other income generating sources for loss of income due to project works; and (4) provide assistance with relocation, and cover all the costs of moving the physical cultural resources (PCRs) where needed.
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