Ratings for the Solomon Islands: Rural Development Program were as follows: outcome was moderately satisfactory, risk to development outcome was moderate, Bank performance was Moderately Satisfactory, and Borrower performance was Moderately Satisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned include: (i) Community Driven Development (CDD) projects in fragile and conflict states face difficulties when they try to be ‘all things to all people’; (ii) CDD projects in island states are more effective when they recognize the additional support required and costs involved in working in a limited capacity environment; (iii) Appropriate project design is challenging in diverse and difficult geographic locations and is more effective when there is sufficient recognition of the different needs of commercial hubs versus the needs of isolated rural areas; (iv) Capacity building and institutional reform in weak ministerial environments is more effective when it is appropriately targeted to the change expected within the partner organization; (v) Rural enterprise development is difficult and is more effective when it uses a combination of approaches; (vi) Women tend to be included overall in CDD projects, but they are more successful when sufficient emphasis is placed on women gaining access to the same level of productive activities as men; (vii) The monitoring and evaluation of phased programs is more effective when it reflects, and is responsive to the capacity of the implementing agency.
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Project Performance Assessment Report 110914 DEC 14, 2016
The objective of the Second Phase of the Rural Access and Mobility Project (RAMP 2)for Nigeria is to improve transport conditions and bring sustained accessibility to the Nigerian rural populace, through rehabilitation and maintenance of key rural transport infrastructure in a sustainable manner in the selected states (Adamawa, Enugu, Niger, Osun and Imo).
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) for loss of land, compensation based on the open market value of comparable recent land transactions; (ii) for loss of buildings, structures and other civil works full replacement cost value as if new – recent construction cost rates; (iii) for loss of business Income and loss of business goodwill, compensation based on the average monthly net profit; (iv) for loss of income from rent and expenditure incurred for alternative accommodation during reinstatement period, compensation based on the comparable rent passing, rent advance paid; (v) for expenditure incurred for transfer of movable properties and temporary structures, compensation based on truck or transport hiring charges; (vi) for loss of wages, loss of fees from apprentice, loss of job training compensation based on current fees and wages; (vii) for loss of access to land used for agriculture, compensation based on crop compensation; (viii) for loss of access to land used for grazing compensation based on feed compensation.
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Ratings for the Integrated Energy Services Project for Mexico were as follows: outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, Global Environmental Objective (GEO) outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, the risk to development outcome was substantial, the risk to GEO outcome were low, the Bank performance was moderately satisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also moderately unsatisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: Rural Electrification is by nature a complex challenge that requires designing a practical delivery mechanism while at the same time considering legal and institutional frameworks in place. It is critical to have a mechanism in place to transfer loan and grant resources effectively to finance program activities from the very beginning. The promotion of productive uses of electricity is an essential component of rural electrification that helps enhancing its economic benefits and supports the financial viability of the operation. A full economic analysis is essential when the restructuring of a project implies asignificant change in the delivery mechanism and technology choices.The design of a project’s results framework and performance indicators should be fully consistent with the project’s scope and objectives, and be particularly careful in selecting targets that are within the control of the project. The selection criteria for communities to be benefited by a rural electrification project should be established with absolute clarity, and agreed among the parties involved, prior to project implementation. Mini-grids based on centralized solar farms (CSF) have proven to be a sound and reliable technology to supply small isolated communities. However, poor economic results bring up questions about the model’s replicate. Realistic planning: supplying electricity in remote areas often entails addressing complex technical and logistical challenges that should not be underestimated. Environmental benefits should be taken into account in the economic analysis.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3814 AUG 31, 2016
The dominant narrative about social and economic development in Africa in recent decades is one of a fast-transforming continent showing mixed but generally positive performance.
... See More + Increasing commodity export earnings, fast agricultural growth, better economic policy, improved governance, and more regional integration, have all underpinned rapid economic growth in the turn into the twenty first century. Urbanization is proceeding fast, and so are the linkages with rural areas. As incomes grow and diets diversify, the demand for food generally shifts from basic staples to horticultural and livestock products, calling for a shift in production structure. But evidence suggests that while such a shift is occurring in some countries, it is not yet the norm continent-wide. Agricultural growth, while occurring, is not primarily driven by gains in productivity, not yet diversified, and broad-based.This paper presents an analysis of structural and rural transformation and links to rural inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa. It sets out prevailing structural dynamics in African economies (section 2), before exploring key transformations under way (section 3). With reference to this context, section 4 describes the key challenges for promoting inclusive rural and structural transformation in Africa while section 5 summarizes some of the key implications for investment and policy.
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Delivery of basic public infrastructure such as rural roads, potable water, education and health facilities, and infrastructure is essential to rural livelihoods.
... See More + Drainage and tertiary irrigation is a critical ingredient to both reducing poverty and promoting shared prosperity in Azerbaijan. The Rural investment project supports improvements in infrastructure deficits as well as mobility challenges in rural areas. The financing will continue to contribute to gender equity through close attention to inclusion and empowerment. It will continue to strengthen governance and accountability through its participatory planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation processes with community groups and local government offices and its track record of transparency, social accountability instruments, broad civic engagement, and public dissemination of results from local investments.
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The objective for Institutional Development and Agriculture Strengthening (MIDAS) Project for Montenegro is to expand the institutional capacity building to manage public funds dedicated to agricultural support.
... See More + The proposed Additional Financing (AF) will provide additional resources to strengthen the capacity of all the implementing entities and structures involved in the implementation of the Instrument for Pre-Accession and Assistance for Rural Development (IPARD) measures, namely the Directorate for IPARD Payments (hereafter Paying Agency), and to introduce and pilot the systems required for the implementation of EU compliant direct payments systems necessary for the administration of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) required for eventual EU membership. The MIDAS AF would be implemented by the same department of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) as the MIDAS project. The main expected outcomes of the AF aretherefore the following: (i) design of a functional system supporting the disbursement of directpayments, (ii) design one or two measures to be piloted with the new system, and (iii) pilot thedirect payments.
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A large national farm panel from India covering a quarter century (1982, 1999, and 2008) is used to show that the inverse farm size-yield relationship weakened significantly over time, despite an increase in the dispersion of farm sizes.
... See More + Key reasons are substitution of capital for labor in response to nonagricultural labor demand. Family labor was more efficient than hired labor in 1982-99, but not in 1999–2008. In line with labor market imperfections as a key factor, separability of labor supply and demand decisions cannot be rejected in the second period, except in villages with very low nonagricultural labor demand.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS7783 AUG 04, 2016
The development objectives of National Agricultural and Rural Inclusive Growth Project for Kenya are to increase agricultural productivity and profitability of targeted rural communities in selected Counties, and in the event of an Eligible Crisis or Emergency, to provide immediate and effective response.
... See More + There are four components in this project. 1) The first component, Supporting Community-Driven development, aims to strengthen: (a) community-level institutions’ ability to identify and implement investments that improve their agricultural productivity, food security, and nutritional status and (b) linkages to selected Value chains (VCs) and Producer Organizations (POs). It has two subcomponents as follows: (a) Strengthening Community-Level Institutions; and (b) Supporting Community Investments. 2) The second component, Strengthening Producer Organizations and Value Chain Development, aims to build POs’ capacity to support member Common Interest Groups (CIGs) and Vulnerable and marginalized groups (VMGs) to develop selected priority VCs in targeted rural communities. It has two subcomponents as follows: (a) Capacity Building of Producer Organizations; and (b) Value Chain Development. The third component, Supporting County Community-Led Development, aims to strengthen the capacity of county governments to support community-led development initiatives identified under Components 1 and 2. It has two subcomponents as follows: (a) Capacity Building of Counties; and (b) County Investment and Employment Programs. 4) The fourth component, Project Coordination and Management, will finance activities related to national and county-level project coordination, including planning, fiduciary (financial management and procurement) and human resource (HR) management, safeguards compliance and monitoring, development of the Management Information System (MIS) and Information and communications technology (ICT), regular ) Monitoring and Evaluation (M and E), impact evaluation, and communication and citizen engagement. It has two subcomponents as follows: (a) Project Coordination; and (b) Monitoring and Evaluation and ICT.
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