This poverty assessment focuses on the evolution of poverty and other social indicators in Ethiopia between 2010-11 and 2015-2016 (henceforth referred to as 2011 and 2016).
... See More + Using data from a variety of sources, mainly the twinned household living standards surveys (HCES and WMS), the Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey (ESS) and the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), the poverty assessment documents trends in monetary and non-monetary dimensions of living standards and examines the drivers of observed trends, with a special focus on government programs. The aim of the poverty assessment is to provide policy makers and development partners with information and analysis that can be used to improve the effectiveness of their poverty reduction and social programs.
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The Poverty Report is the second in a series of three analytical reports: (i) Key Indicators Report; (ii) Poverty Report; and (iii) Socio-economic Report.
... See More + It provides a basic diagnostic of poverty. The 2017 Myanmar Living Conditions Survey (MLCS) was implemented by the Central Statistical Organization (CSO) in the Ministry of Planning and Finance (MOPF), with financial and technical support from the World Bank and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The MLCS was conducted over a 12-month period from December 2016 to December 2017. It covered 13,730 households sampled countrywide. The MLCS had the following objectives: (i) provide updated estimates of poverty and living conditions at the national, urban/rural and state and region levels; (ii) inform national data needs and selected Sustainable Development Goal targets; (iii) construct consumption weights for the national and regional CPI baskets; and (iv) estimate private consumption expenditure for the System of National Accounts. Between 2005 and 2017, the share of the population living in poverty declined substantially. The proportion of people living below the national poverty line declined from 48.2 percent in 2005 to 24.8 percent in 2017. Despite population growth, there was a decline in the number of poor people from 18.7 million in 2005 to 11.8 million in 2017. Strong poverty reduction over this period is reflective of Myanmar's robust economic growth: between 2005 and 2017, Myanmar's annual growth rate in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita was 7.8 percent – the highest among Southeast Asian countries (World Bank, 2019). Improvement was also substantial on non-monetary dimensions of well-being (CSO, UNDP and World Bank, 2018a). Changes in the poverty gap and squared poverty gap2 follow similar patterns to those observed for the poverty headcount. Poverty has a strong geographic dimension in Myanmar. The incidence of poverty is highest in Chin State, where close to six out of 10 persons (58 percent) are poor. With a poverty headcount of 41.6 percent, Rakhine State has the second highest poverty incidence. At the other end of the distribution, three Regions – Tanintharyi, Mandalay and Yangon – have the lowest poverty headcounts of 13.2, 13.2 and 13.7 percent respectively. The differences among these three are not statistically significant.
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By successfully reaching historically underserved and vulnerable populations such as women, the poor, and people living in rural communities, Digital Financial Services have contributed to unprecedented growth in financial inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa during the past decade.
... See More + The adoption and usage of DFS -- and the subsequent financial inclusion that has resulted -- has helped reduce poverty and increase prosperity throughout the region. Still, service providers and development practitioners often lack reliable, detailed, and low-cost poverty data that could help them accurately identify additional communities and individuals who would benefit the most from access to financial services. The lack of data hinders the deployment of services throughout the region and complicates efforts to monitor and evaluate the impact that interventions have on poverty. Relying on traditional household surveys for poverty data is time consuming and expensive. What’s more, by the time the data are collected and analyzed, it is often out of date. But there are alternatives for estimating and mapping poverty with the goal of accelerating and expanding financial inclusion and helping DFS providers target the poorest. Machine learning algorithms can, for example, be trained to predict poverty based on imagery captured by satellites and from call detail records, which document mobile phone usage. For this research study, the IFC Mastercard Foundation Partnership for Financial Inclusion collaborated with the Stanford University Sustainability and Artificial Intelligence Lab to advance existing poverty prediction models to generate poverty estimates at neighborhood-level resolution, which is much more refined than macro-level estimates produced by research to date. Satellite Imagery and call detail records (CDR), validated by ground-truth surveys, were used to develop models that can predict poverty in Ghana and Uganda.
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The Capacity Building for Urban Development Project of India had an unsatisfactory overall outcome, an unsatisfactory performance by the Bank and the monitoring and evaluation quality was modest.
... See More + The lessons learned were: (1) Implementing a Project across two Ministries/Departments can require substantial coordination and lead to delays. (2) Provision of grant funding is not a guarantee of interest on the part of local bodies to undertake capacity-building exercise. (3) There is a trade-off between complexity of fiduciary requirements and efforts and ownership of outputs produced. (4) The World Bank should consider funding of ‘wholesale’ TA versus ‘retail’ TA. (5) There should be a provision of PMC support till the completion of the grace period.
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Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR4543 DEC 28, 2018
Afghanistan has been in protracted conflict for almost four decades, with direct implications on progress towards development objectives. This context of recurring episodes of violence and insecurity, economic and political instability, and the consequent displacement of populations within and outside the nation’s borders has important implications on the landscape of data and evidence available for the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of interventions and programs, and their timeliness and relevance.
... See More + Afghans represent the world’s largest and most protracted refugee population, with an estimated 3.5 million people currently living abroad as refugees for more than four decades. Given the large disparities in poverty incidence and high levels of inequality within Afghanistan, the knowledge of living standards at more disaggregated geographical levels of districts and nahias could help inform policy design and improve decision making at a sub-province level. Therefore, poverty mapping, which aims at estimating poverty incidence at levels lower than the household survey, was applied in Kabul and Herat provinces. This technical report describes the methodology and data used to produce the Kabul and Herat poverty maps and presents the resulting collection of poverty maps, the first of its kind for Afghanistan. The structure of the report is as follows. Section 2 outlines the poverty mapping methodology, specifically the small area estimation approach, applied in Afghanistan. Section 3 discusses the data sources and the various technical challenges faced with the datasets. Section 4 discusses the modeling phase, including model selection, model parameters, and assumptions. Section 5 presents the poverty maps at a district and nahia level, and section 6 concludes. The Annexes contains supporting data and analysis.
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Outcome is moderately unsatisfactory, Risk to development outcome is significant, Bank performance is moderately unsatisfactory, and Borrower performance is moderately unsatisfactory.
... See More + Lessons from the project include: (i) Adaptability to local needs, retaining beneficiaries in the territory, and integration between different types of interventions are key features in slum upgrading and social housing. (ii) Weakness in social service delivery can jeopardize expected outcomes and sustainability. Flexible designs and adequate sequencing of activities might help ensure results. (iii) It is crucial in slum upgrading projects to guarantee delivery of all outputs in the social activities cycle because even small failures can jeopardize the expected outcomes. (iv) Adoption of multiphase projects or a programmatic long-term approach in slum-upgrading projects might be appropriate when social capital strengthening is considered necessary to achieve long-term results. (v) Appropriate timing in the preparation of slum-upgrading projects is crucial. Studies and diagnostics require sufficient time (though not too long) to avoid frustrating local expectations or hampering integration. (vi) Continuity in project management is a success factor in complex institutional development and social capital–strengthening projects, allowing familiarity with the local context and building mutual trust with the affected communities. (vii) It is important for World Bank project management to ensure that slum-upgrading projects in urban areas are consistent with existing city plans and are integrated seamlessly into World Bank Group sectoral and thematic operations.
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Project Performance Assessment Report 127250 JUN 29, 2018
This note summarizes the key findings from an in-depth analysis of the evolution of poverty and shared prosperity in Morocco. It is the result of a collaboration between the High Commissioner of Planning and the World Bank and provides the background information for the systematic country diagnostic, prepared by the World Bank in consultation with national stakeholders.
... See More + The results of the poverty analysis undertaken highlights four points. First, economic growth has been reflected in increased household expenditures, especially for those in the bottom forty percent of the distribution. Second, there has been a process of convergence in poverty rates across regions, yet spatial disparities are still large. Third, monetary transfers have increased and had a larger impact on poverty reduction, but are still regressive. Last, while poverty decline was accompanied by broader improvement in welfare, perceptions of well-being do not reflect these.
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This note summarizes the key findings from an in-depth analysis of the evolution of poverty and shared prosperity in Morocco. It is the result of a collaboration between the High Commissioner of Planning and the World Bank and provides the background information for the systematic country diagnostic, prepared by the World Bank in consultation with national stakeholders.
... See More + The results of the poverty analysis undertaken highlights four points. First, economic growth has been reflected in increased household expenditures, especially for those in the bottom forty percent of the distribution. Second, there has been a process of convergence in poverty rates across regions, yet spatial disparities are still large. Third, monetary transfers have increased and had a larger impact on poverty reduction, but are still regressive. Last, while poverty decline was accompanied by broader improvement in welfare, perceptions of well-being do not reflect these.
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