This is a copy of the contract for David R. Malpass, President of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development that was signed on April 5, 2019.
... See More + The contract discusses his terms of appointment effective April 9, 2019, including his principle responsibilities, code of conduct, remuneration, expenses, vacation and personal arrangements, end of service, termination allowance, retirement benefits, offset of supplemental pension and termination payment, and performance assessment.
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The objective of this technical assistance (TA) was to build consensus on broad-scale introduction of apartment-level control of heat consumption and consumption-based billing in multiapartment buildings (MABs) in Belarus.
... See More + The following specific tasks were undertaken:Assessment of the technical and economic feasibility of installing thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs) and using electronic heat cost allocators (HCAs) for consumption-based billing in MABs; Review and analysis of institutional and regulatory issues related to apartment-level consumption-based heat billing; Consultation with households about their opinions toward apartment-level heat control and the use of HCAs for apartment-level heat billing through focus group discussions; Regional knowledge exchange, including review and analysis of relevant experience in European countries where similar transitions have taken place (i.e., introducing apartment-level heat control and consumption-based billing in multiapartment buildings with vertical piping systems); and a study tour to Poland and Hungary for government decision makers, city leaders and DH company executives; and Development of a roadmap and recommendations for the rolling out of a national program for supporting large-scale introduction of TRVs and HCA-based heat billing.The outputs of the TA are summarized in this report, including a Summary Note about the main findings and recommendations, Subreport 1 on the results of technical and economic assessments, Subreport 2 on households’ perspectives and legal and regulatory issues, and an Appendix summarizing the findings of the study tour to Poland and Hungary.
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The development objective of the Second Roads and Safety Improvement Project for Ukraine is to improve condition and quality of sections of the M-03 road, and increase traffic safety on roads in Ukraine.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) provision of acceptable replacement land of equivalent productive value or compensation at full replacement cost of the land for the private land owners; (ii) significantly affected tenants, losing more than twenty percent of their productive land, will be provided with options for alternative land of at least the same quality for lease; (iii) the house owners will be provided of the alternative house of at least the same size and condition with the respective land plot of equivalent size and productive value or will be compensated for all the lost assets at full replacement cost; (iv) small businesses will be provided the. land for their further usage and proper formalization, i.e. they will be offered alternative land plots for the business reallocation while the land offered will be legally formalized for the purposes of the small business; (v) the informal land users will be compensated for any investment they have made in land improvements, lost harvest or perennial crops, structures; (vi) state land plots will be transferred to usage of Ukravtodor without any compensation; and (vii) the use of public land plots acquired for the project will be monitored and in the unlikely case if some of them were used by the community members as hayfields, pastures or for recreation alternative opportunities or access paths will be created by the local authorities with the support of the borrower.
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Urban population growth is in full stride in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it has done less to reduce poverty than might be expected. Despite its high urban growth, Sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing low urbanization.
... See More + In Sub-Saharan Africa, cities generate about one-third of national gross domestic product (GDP), but they are not creating enough jobs for the large youth population that is waiting to work. For African cities to grow economically as they have grown in size, they must create productive environments to attract investments, increase economic efficiency, and create livable environments that prevent urban costs from rising with increased population densification. For Sub-Saharan Africa’s largest cities to take advantage of agglomeration forces, policy makers will need to resolve basic structural problems and improve conditions for both people and businesses. To unleash the potential of African cities and towns for delivering services and employment in a livable and environmentally friendly environment, a sequenced approach is needed to reform institutions and policies and to target infrastructure investments. Three foundations need fixing to guide cities and towns throughout Sub-Saharan Africa on their way to productivity and livability: empowering land markets; strengthening urban planning and regulatory functions; and financing for public assets and infrastructure investments.
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