Ratings for the Health Sector Management Program Support Project for Samoa were as follows: outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, the risk to development outcome was moderate, the Bank performance was moderately unsatisfactory, and the Borrower performance was also moderately unsatisfactory.
... See More + Some lessons learned included: the project may have benefited from the use of incentives linked to achievement of outcomes in the form of results-based financing. Disbursement-linked indicators (DLIs) could potentially have been a useful approach in the context of this SWAp. The use of DLIs may also have incentivized improvements in M&E and HIS as progress would need to have been documented in order to access funds. DLIs would need to be developed appropriately given the presence of substantial non-SWAp funds in the health sector. The use of a clear results chain linking activities to outcomes, a theory of change, or theMTEF may have allowed the GOS and DPs to be more selective about the activities funded under the SWAp and emphasized the importance of M&E where individual activities were concerned. Such an approach will also have driven a clear prioritization process for the POW. As part of efforts linking activities to outcomes, templates could also have been developed early on emphasizing measurement of impact of proposed activities and identification of the link from activity to outcome. Recurrent problems should be investigated in greater detail. Infrastructure activities faced many challenges, and a closer look may have identified the source of these problems early on, allowing them to be rectified as soon as possible and preventing recurrence of similar problems down the line. An alternative approach will have been to include a clear escalation pathway for resolution of issues during the SWAp.
See Less -
Implementation Completion and Results Report ICR3642 JUN 14, 2016
The development objectives of the Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health Improvement Project for Uganda are to: (a) improve utilization of essential health services with a focus on reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health services in target districts; and (b) scale up birth and death registration services.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) designate specialists such as safeguard specialist, Monitoring and Evaluation specialist at Ministry of Health (MOH) to coordinate all safeguard aspects and provide key technical support during implementation, monitoring and evaluation; (ii) re-assessment of Districts and healthcenters in the specific Regions to ensure inclusion of Indigenous People (IP) inhabited districts and health centres in the Uganda Reproductive Maternal Neonatal and Child Health Improvement Program (RMNCAH) project area; (iii) build capacity of the Local Government team in selected districts inhabited by IPs to enhance their monitoring skills of IP issues; (iv) disseminate guidelines and templates developed by MoH or Department of Health Planning; (v) District Community Development Officers (DCDO) to participate in the social screening exercise; (vi) DCDO to participate in mobilization of the communities and work with sector specialists to provide technical support to communities; and (vii) Bank to monitor and supervise the implementation of Indigenous Peoples Plans (IPPs).
See Less -
The paper provides a complete characterization of Nash equilibria for games in which n candidates choose a strategy in the form of a platform, each from a circle of feasible platforms, with the aim of maximizing the stretch of the circle from where the candidate’s platform will receive support from the voters.
... See More + Using this characterization, it is shown that if the sum of all players’ payoffs is 1, the Nash equilibrium payoff of each player in an arbitrary Nash equilibrium must be restricted to the interval [1/2(n − 1), 2/(n + 1)]. This implies that in an election with four candidates, a candidate who is attracting less than one-sixth of the voters can do better by changing his or her strategy.
See Less -
Policy Research Working Paper WPS7701 JUN 08, 2016
The development objectives of the Regional Disease Surveillance Systems Enhancement (REDISSE) Project are: (i) to strengthen national and regional cross-sectoral capacity for collaborative disease surveillance and epidemic preparedness in West Africa; and (ii) in the event of an eligible crisis or emergency, to provide immediate and effective response to said eligible crisis or emergency.
... See More + The project has five components as follows: 1) The first component, Surveillance and Information Systems, will support the enhancement of national surveillance and reporting systems and their interoperability at the different tiers of the health systems. It has three sub components as follows: (i) Support coordinated community-level surveillance systems and processes across the animal and human health sectors; (ii) Develop capacity for interoperable surveillance and reporting systems; and (iii) Establish an early warning system for infectious disease trends prediction. 2) The second component, Strengthening of Laboratory Capacity, aims to establish networks of efficient, high quality, accessible public health, veterinary and private laboratories for the diagnosis of infectious human and animal diseases, and to establish a regional networking platform to improve collaboration for laboratory investigation. It has three sub components as follows: (i) Review, upgrade and support network laboratory facilities; (ii) Improve data management and specimen management; and (iii) Enhance regional reference laboratory networking functions. The third component, Preparedness and Emergency Response, will support national and regional efforts to enhance infectious disease outbreak preparedness and response capacity. It has three sub components as follows: (i) Enhance cross-sectoral coordination and collaboration for preparedness and response; (ii) Strengthen Capacity for emergency response; and (iii) Contingent Emergency Response. 4) The fourth component, Human Resource Management for Effective Disease Surveillance and Epidemic Preparedness, aims at bringing the right people with the right skills to the right place at the right time. It has two sub components as follows: (i) Health workforce mapping, planning and recruitment; and (ii) Enhance health workforce training, motivation and retention. 5) The fifth component, Institutional Capacity Building, Project Management, Coordination, and Advocacy, focuses on all aspects related to project management, coordination by West Africa Health Organization (WAHO) as well as support to enhancing the capacity of the Recovery Health Access Center (RHAC) to coordinate the implementation of animal health interventions. It has two sub components as follows: (i) Project coordination, fiduciary management, monitoring and evaluation, data generation, and knowledge management; and (ii) Institutional support, capacity building, advocacy, and communication.
See Less -
The development objective of the Flood Risk Management Support Project for the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires for Argentina is to strengthen the autonomous city of Buenos Aires (CABA) to efficiently manage flood risk and improve the drainage systems in the Cildanez basin, Maldonado basin, and Vega basin.
... See More + The project comprises of three components. 1) The first component, institutional development for flood risk management will support the creation of a modern and sustainable framework for flood risk management within CABA. It consists of four sub-components: (i) hydrometeorological observation, surveillance, and alert system; (ii) flood risk financing and protection scheme; (iii) flood risk social communication and education; and (iv) capacity building for flood risk management. 2) The second component, flood mitigation infrastructure will finance priority flood mitigation infrastructure in the Cildanez, Maldonado, and Vega basins. It consists of three sub-components: (i) Cildabez Stream basin; (ii) Maldonado Stream basin; and (iii) Vega Stream basin. 3) The third component, project management will include: (i) the provision of support for the management of the project, including the financing of audits, the monitoring and evaluation (M and E) of the project, the provision of technical assistance, training, and operating costs; and (ii) the development and implementation of a comprehensive baseline data collection and post project data collection and analysis to allow the M and E of the project results and impacts.
See Less -
The development objectives of the Health, HIV/AIDS and TB Project for Swaziland are: (i) to improve access to and quality of health services in Swaziland with a particular focus on primary health care, maternal health and TB, and (ii) to increase social safety net access for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC).
... See More + The two level restructuring seeks to: Extend the project closing date by 22 months, from May 31, 2016 to March 31, 2018. An amendment to the Administrative Agreement (AA) between the Bank and the European Union (EU) has been signed to extend the end disbursement date to September 30, 2018. The significant implementation and disbursement delays noted during the recent MTR. In February 2016, the Government requested an extension of the closing date to allow for the completion of planned activities including: (i) civil works, namely the rehabilitation of three Health Centers (Emkhuzweni, Nhlangano, and Matsanjeni), the Maternity Waiting Home at Good Shepherd Hospital, clinics, and other small civil works, (ii) long term technical assistance on health financing and governance to the MOH, and (iii) completion of the OVC cash transfer pilot.
See Less -
The development objective of the Polio Eradication Support Project for Nigeria is to assist the Government of Nigeria, as part of a global polio eradication effort, to achieve and sustain at least 80 percent coverage with oral polio vaccine (OPV) immunization in every state in the country.
... See More + The project has the following three components: 1.Supply of OPV to national strategic cold stores, 2. Polio Eradication Operations Support, and 3. Routine Immunization (RI) Support. The proposed AF will help finance the costs associated with polio eradication in all the states in Nigeria and the procurement of vaccines for RI for children under 5 years and women of reproductive age. Given that most of the OPV procurement, the polio eradication activities and RI vaccine procurement need to take place in the first half of 2016 (the lead time required to procure and deliver vaccines is at least two months), the AF proposes to apply retroactive financing of 20 percent.
See Less -
This report presents the potential environmental and social impacts of the T5HP project as described in the ESA. Mitigation measures are described and included in environmental and social management plan (ESMP) to address potential impacts as well as to enhance the environmental and social benefits of the project.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: clearance of vegetation is required at the switchyard locations and transmission line towers. The natural vegetation near the dam site and along the transmission line is mostly modified habitat subjected human influence and hence has less ecological significance. Vegetation clearance along the transmission line is not expected since most of the alignment passes through scrub vegetation and agricultural lands, except at a few locations where there are Eucalyptus plantation. Ecologically the felling of eucalyptus trees will be beneficial since they are exotic/introduced species and impacting the growth of native species. Tree planation will be carried out around the switch yard and at the grid station facilities to compensate any losses associated with tree cutting; The power plant and auxiliary infrastructure will be built entirely on WAPDA-owned land that is uninhabited and exclusively used by WAPDA. The area is characterized by restricted access and is not open for the general public. The construction operations and its associated structures, such as batching plants, workshops and stores, and for the accommodation of the construction force will also be within the same area. The existing land use near the power generation facilities will not be changed. However, at the grid station site, the agricultural land will be converted in to grid station and residential complexes; and during construction water quality and flow in the areas immediately upstream and downstream of the inlet and outlet gates might change. Chemicals, cement, and solids used in construction activities in the tunnels might accidentally be spilled in the reservoir and/or the water downstream of the dam and affect aquatic flora and fauna, including fish and turtles. This can be avoided by making temporary drainage works (channels and bunds) where appropriate and feasible. Other mitigating measures are described in the ECP, which has to be followed by the Contractor. Strict monitoring of the water quality is required. The construction of the coffer dam can potentially cause increased water turbidity. However, compared to the turbidity caused during operation of the tunnels these impacts are rather insignificant and can be neglected.
See Less -
Bihar has a lot of ground to cover in improving health and education outcomes. The state hasone of the highest incidence of malnutrition in the country.
... See More + Infant mortality is declining, but is still high. Open defecation is widely practiced, even among the rich. Most adults have only a few years of schooling. Learning outcomes are low and show a declining trend over the years. On a positive note, there are gains in schooling for the young. Enrollment in public schools remains high.
See Less -
There is slow progress on health and education in Jharkhand. Infant mortality is lower than in other Low Income States, and falling. However, malnutrition and open defecation are among the highest in the country, even among richer households in the state.
... See More + Most adults only have a few years of schooling. While there are gains in schooling for the young, learning outcomes are among the lowest in the country, and worse still, are deteriorating. Enrollment in public schools remains high.
See Less -
Uttar Pradesh has made mixed progress on education and health outcomes. Infant mortalityremains high despite improvements in recent years. Open defecation is practiced widely, evenin high income households.
... See More + Uttar Pradesh has the highest incidence of child malnutrition in thecountry. Less than a third of adults have completed secondary school. While there are some gainsin schooling for the younger cohorts, learning outcomes have stagnated at unacceptably lowlevels. Enrollment in private schools is higher than in most states.
See Less -
This brief is about the mixed progress on health and education in Odisha, India. Infant mortality in the state is high, but has seen improvement.
... See More + Malnutrition is particularly high for the poor. There is very high open defecation, even among the rich. Most adults only have a few years of schooling. There are however gains in schooling for the young. Most of them attend public schools. Although learning outcomes are better in Odisha than in other states, they have stagnated in recent times
See Less -
There is mixed progress on health and education in Chhattisgarh. Infant mortality rate is declining, but is still high. Malnutrition and open defecation rates are high, even among the rich.
... See More + Most adults have only a few years of schooling. While improvements in schooling for the younger generation are a bright spot, better learning outcomes have not followed. Enrollment in public schools remains high.
See Less -
Madhya Pradesh has a lot of ground to cover on health and education. Infant mortality rate is the highest in the country despite improvement. Malnutrition and open defecation rates are high even among the rich.
... See More + Most adults have only a few years of schooling. There are however gains in schooling for the young. Enrollment in public schools is high for a majority of them. While improvements in schooling for the younger generation are a bright spot, better learning outcomes have not followed.
See Less -
Health and education outcomes in Rajasthan have been improving, but progress is slow. Infantmortality remains well above the national average, and malnutrition and open defecation ratesare high even among the rich.
... See More + Most adults only have a few years of schooling. While improvementsin school enrollments for the younger generation are a bright spot, better learning outcomes havenot followed. Enrollment in private schools is higher than in most other states.
See Less -