The development objective of Household Natural Gas Connection Project for Egypt aims for greater use of natural gas for domestic users and reduction of government subsidies of the energy sector Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) time limited excavation permits granted by local unit and traffic department; (ii) compliance to legal limits of air emissions from all relevant equipment; (iii) avoid noisy works at night whenever possible; (iv) repair and rehabilitation of damaged components; (iv) adequate management of asbestos and any possible hazardous waste; (v) ensure the provision of the appropriate personal protective Equipment and other equipment needed to ensure compliance to Health nd Safety Executive (HSE) manuals; (vi) segregate waste streams to the extent possible to facilitate reuse/ recycling, if applicable; (vii) Compliance with the Environmental management plan concerning timely implementation of the construction schedule to minimize impact on local business; and (viii) LPG distributors should be informed about the Natural gas (NG) potential areas in order to enable them to find alternative areas.
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This learning product draws upon existing IEG evaluations, project documents and analytical work relating to the World Bank Group’s (WBG’s) experience with supporting efforts towards the rapid scale up of off-grid electrification (pico-solar products, individual solar home systems, and micro and mini-grids), in client countries.
... See More + The focus is on experiences geared towards efficiently and effectively integrating off-grid electrification scale-up efforts with grid rollout – within a national roadmap for achieving universal access in a given time-frame. Relevant findings and lessons are framed as strategic considerations to inform the design, development and implementation of country engagements tailored to the prevailing sector conditions and readiness; through capacity building, technical assistance, and investment lending.
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SCADA/EMS and SCADA/DMS systems ensure that power grids are efficient, resilient, and able to adapt to changes in generation, transmission, and distribution.
... See More + Advancing technology is making SCADA systems more capable and enabling new monitoring and management applications. World Bank support for such systems is crucial to ensuring the sustainable long-term growth of power networks in developing countries. Meanwhile, the potential exists to significantly enhance grid management in many cases by activating already installed equipment.
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The development objectives of the Transmission Grid Strengthening Project for Georgia are to provide reliable power transmission to the southwestern part of the grid, upgrade electricity exchange systems, and provide economically efficient, environmentally; and socially sustainable electricity sector planning.
... See More + Some of the negative impacts include: (i) damage of grass vegetation and soil compacting; (ii) pollution of river bed and water; (iii) disruption of traffic on the highway; (iv) waste dumping around the site; (v) noise and dust generated from the operation of construction vehicles and machinery; (vi) health damage due to exposure to high levels of noise; and (vii) work site accidents and casualties. Some of the mitigation mesaures include: (i) restrict movement of construction vehicles and machinery to the existing service roads; (ii) provide household waste containers on site and restrict littering of river bed; (iii) provide active traffic management with the help of flagmen, as required; (iv) provide household waste containers on site and restrict littering at work site; (v) ensure workers wearing personal protective equipment against noise if they may be under the risk of exposure ; (vi) provide health and life insurance to workers; and (vii) keep first aid medical kits at work sites at all times and have contact information of the closest health clinic readily available.
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Most public lighting is concentrated in cities, where it can constitute up to 65 percent of municipal electricity budgets. Compared to alternative forms of public lighting, LED luminaries consume less electricity, have longer life cycles, and provide better quality lighting.
... See More + Despite the benefits, many municipalities are unsure of how to implement an LED lighting program. This synthesis report summarizes the cross-cutting findings from the six case studies which document real-life experiences, challenges, and solutions encountered in implementing different LED lighting delivery models—ESCO, super-ESCO, joint procurement, public-private partnership, lease-to-own, and municipal financing. Crosscutting findings include various key roles played by governments, ranging from setting policies that support LED lighting programs to establishing an ESCO with a mandate to implement energy efficient programs while transforming the market. The report also highlights distinct ways used to mitigate technical, financial, and performance risks by the cities. These span from requiring third-party product test results to completely outsourcing the lighting infrastructure and procuring lighting as a service. It also highlights the importance of strategically engaging stakeholders—such as international partners, local utilities, non-profit groups, to name but a few—as the program advances.
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ESMAP Paper 109532 MAY 01, 2016
Makumbe,Pedzi; K. Weyl,Debbie; Eil,Andrew; Li,JieDisclosed
The public-private infrastructure advisory facility (PPIAF) supported a prefeasibility study to explore potential private sector participation options for the supply of electricity to rural villages in Djibouti using small-scale mini-grids solar schemes.
... See More + The pre-feasibility analysis found that a build-operate-transfer concession model will not be financially viable due to the small scale. Instead, the study recommended operations and maintenance contracts for 12 mini-grids, with public or donor funding used to cover project capex. Under this approach, the solar equipment will be either provided to or leased to the private sector.
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The purpose of this learning product1 is to deepen the understanding of factors that drive the effectiveness of World Bank efforts for improving the financial sustainability of the electricity sector in client countries.
... See More + The report is based mainly on existing IEG sector and project level evaluations on the subject, specifically Development Policy Operations and Specific Investment Loans with financial covenants, and/or financial sustainability components, supplemented by a targeted literature survey.
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The Electricity Access Expansion Project of Niger aims to achieve satisfaction of electricity demand and consumer needs in order to improve access to electricity and to improve NIGELEC technical commercial and financial performance.
... See More + Project potential negative impacts are: a) Destruction of plant species due to the cutting of trees to clear the right-of-lines and substations cabins; b) Destruction of socioeconomic infrastructure (shops, kiosks, service stations, post offices, mosque) in the seven urban centers; c) Soil structure disturbance; d) Spot on soil contamination by waste generated by base-materials, maintenance of equipment of construction sites (drain engines); e) Modification and / or denaturation of the landscape with the implementation of activities; f) Risk of accidents (injuries) for workers; g) Health risks related to the effects of electromagnetic fields produced by these lines; h) Accident risks with the collapse or falling materials (poles) and disruption of the electricity supply and certain socio-economic activities, and may even cause serious accidents; and i) Risk of fire that may be related to a short circuit and cause serious fatal accidents in populations. A number of measures are planned to prevent, mitigate or remedy the negative impacts and enhance positive impacts arising from the implementation of the project. Such measures are put in place in the construction phase and the operation phase.
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South Asian countries, facing challenges in efficiently meeting growing electricity demand, can benefit from increased cross-border electricity cooperation and trade by harnessing complementarities in electricity demand patterns, diversity in resource endowments for power generation, and gains from larger market access.
... See More + The region has witnessed slow progress in expanding regional electricity cooperation and trade, and undertaking needed domestic sector reforms. Although bilateral electricity sector cooperation in the region is increasing, broader regional cooperation and trade initiatives have lagged in the face of regional barriers and domestic sector inefficiencies. Deeper electricity market reforms are not a necessity for further development of cross-border electricity trade, but limited progress in overcoming regional and domestic barriers will limit the scope of the regional market and the benefits it can provide.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS7328 JUN 23, 2015
It has been more than two decades since the widespread initiation of global power sector reforms and restructuring. However, empirical evidence on the intended microeconomic, macroeconomic, and quality-related impacts of reforms across developing countries is lacking.
... See More + This paper comprehensively reviews the empirical and theoretical literature on the linkages between power sector reforms, economic and technical efficiency, and poverty reduction. The review finds that the extent of power sector reforms has varied across developing countries in terms of changes in market structures, the role of the state, and the regulation of the sector. Overall, the reforms have improved the efficiency and productivity in the sector among many reforming countries. However, the efficiency gains have not always reached the end consumers because of the inability of sector regulators and inadequate regulatory frameworks. Reforms alleviate poverty and promote the welfare of the poor only when the poor have access to electricity. From a policy-making perspective, this implies that the reforms need to be supplemented with additional measures for accelerating electrification to help the poor.
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Policy Research Working Paper WPS7330 JUN 23, 2015
About 70 percent of electricity users in Southeastern Turkey are not used to paying for electricity, partially due to the protracted situation of conflict and lack of trust between citizens and the government in the region.
... See More + Historic tension throughout the 1990s caused an inability for the government to invest in electricity infrastructure and has resulted in low service quality. A large portion of consumers did not pay for electricity use at all, since full electrification of these regions did not take place until the 1980s. This has also resulted in wasteful and non-sustainable patterns of electricity use behavior. The social compact pilot implemented in two provinces in this region, Mardin and Sanliurfa, set up stakeholder committees representing urban and rural communities to forge and sustain a dialogue between the consumers and the electricity company on increased electricity payment and improved service quality. The stakeholder committees came up with a joint stakeholder committee strategic plan to address payment, service quality and communication issues. Moving forward, the electricity company will institutionalize the stakeholder committee meetings, and start implementing portions of the strategic plan, starting with an energy efficiency educational campaign and improving its grievance redress mechanism. This is the beginning of a process to increase popular trust in and dialogue with formal institutions in a region marked by a protracted conflict and a deep distrust in the state and formal institutions.
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The World Bank's initiatives of social accountability and transparency over the past two decades are increasingly founded on the notion that transparency and social accountability of public institutions are essential for stimulating economic growth.
... See More + Social accountability refers to the responsiveness of the state to the needs of its citizens, and encompasses a broad range of actions and mechanisms such as tracking of public expenditures, monitoring of public service delivery, and working with citizen advisory boards. Transparency entails access to and effective use of information by citizens, civil society organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), local communities, and the private sector. To achieve this objective, the World Bank and Egypt Egyptian Electric Utility and Consumer Protection Regulatory Agency (ERA) - in consultation with Kantor management consultant - finds it necessary to establish systems and procedures for: (a) proactively disclosing information about the power sector's quality of service, operational, and financial performance, and development plans and policies; (b) seeking customer and public feedback; and (c) engaging customers in monitoring sector performance. Such a system, by helping to improve both the performance of the sector and the public acceptance of its policies and plans, ultimately can raise the sectors efficiency, quality, and sustainability. This study covers four interlocking areas (institutional analysis; performance benchmarking; customer interface-transparency and public information systems; and consumer surveys). After analyzing and identifying weaknesses in each area separately, corrections are then suggested that encompass the interlocking whole.
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ESMAP Paper 93936 JAN 01, 2015
Hassan, Fowzia; Penglis, Evangelos; Seferiadis, George N.; Araya, Marjorie K.Disclosed
The objectives of the Energy Sector Development Project are, through technical assistance, to strengthen the policy development and strategic framework for renewable energy and rural electrification, and to attract investors for the sustainable development of a new hydropower generator that will supply the Port Moresby grid.
... See More + The project has two components: (1) Technical assistance the energy sector policy and strategy development. This component focuses on the policy and strategy of the electricity sector with a focus on rural and renewable energy in PNG. It will also provide capacity building for the Government of PNG's role in development of the Naoro Brown hydropower project. (2) Technical assistance for preparation and planning for Port Moresby hydropower supply. This includes the preparation of the Naoro Brown hydropower project (approximately 80MW) to supply the Port Moresby grid, and improved planning related to hydropower supply for Port Moresby.
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India - home to one of the world's largest populations without electricity access - has set the ambitious goal of achieving universal electrification by 2017. 311 million people, a quarter of its population, remains without power, despite substantial efforts to increased affordable access for the poor.
... See More + This study focuses on India's residential electricity subsidies, as viewed through a poverty lens. Addressing these issues is especially urgent since the residential electricity sector accounts for nearly a quarter of India's total electricity consumption. Comparison of two survey rounds (2004/05 and 2009/10) was used to assess changes in electricity consumption over time. The study approach analyzed subsidy distribution by both below poverty line (BPL) and above poverty line (APL) grouping, as well as income quintile, to allow for the wide variation in poverty rates states. The key findings in this study are that 87 percent of subsidy payments go to APL households instead of to the poor, and over half of subsidy payments are directed to the richest two-fifths of households. Furthermore, these estimates are conservative because they assume that BPL and APL households are accurately identified. Because APL households tend to consume more electricity, subsidies are skewed toward the upper quintiles. The major driver of these outcomes is tariff design. Few states have highly concessional BPL tariffs; in most, all households are eligible for a subsidy on at least a portion of their monthly electricity consumption. Combined with the fact that the poorest households consume relatively small amounts of electricity means that wealthier consumers with electricity access are typically eligible for just as much, if not more, subsidy as poorer ones. India's states have a variety of available options for improving their subsidy performance. Certain states model good practices that other states could consider adopting, for example, Punjab, Sikkim, Chattisgarh, and others. States may consider four model tariff structures that meet the twin, medium-term policy goals of high subsidy targeting and low cost. These are (i) creating BPL tariff schedules and eliminating subsidies from other schedules, (ii) delivering subsidies through cash transfers instead of tariffs, (iii) creating a volume differentiated tariff (VDT), and (iv) creating a lifeline tariff and removing subsidies from other tariffs.
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The Palestinian Territories (West Bank and Gaza Strip) are highly dependent on energy imports from neighboring countries because of its lack of domestic energy resources.
... See More + The Israeli Electricity Corporation (IEC) is the largest supplier of electricity to the Territories, supplying around 88 percent of its total electricity consumption. In this context the Palestinian Authority (PA) has been actively engaged in a comprehensive reform of the electricity sector to increase its overall efficiency, bringing in the commitment and involvement of all stakeholders and resulting in the creation of a well-structured electricity market. Alongside steady increase in electricity consumption, however, non-payment for electricity imported from the IEC has increased over the past few years, amounting to 58 percent of its total cost. The non-payments or partial payments of these bills create deficient for the IEC, which then leads the Israeli government to proceed with monthly deductions from the clearance revenue, thus accruing as debt. This assessment aims to precisely understand the sources and the reasons for non-payment of electricity in the Territories and to develop an action plan based on current programs and activities led by the Palestinian Energy and Natural Resources Authority (PENRA) and the donor community. The impacts of non-payment for electricity on the complete financial payment cycle are assessed in detail. An overview of the Palestinian Electricity Sector is provided in Chapter 2, where the set-up of the sector and the existing framework are explained. Chapter 3 consists of analysis and key findings from the data collected from stakeholders during the review. The main factors contributing to non-payment are electricity losses, collection levels, level of purchase and sales tariff, governmental subsidies, and efficiency and transparency of sector participants. Chapter 4 concludes with a summary of analysis, and Chapter 5 discusses the Palestinian Authority's action plans and current donor programs, as well as concluding the assessment. The report is accompanied by appendices, tables, diagrams, charts, and maps.
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