The costs and long duration of court proceedings can be discouraging, and for the poor and micro and small enterprises (MSMEs) it can preclude access to justice entirely.
... See More + According to the latest CEPEJ data, in 2014 disposition time of first instance civil and commercial litigious cases ranged from 97 days in Lithuania to 532 in Italy, with an overall EU average of 250 days.2 Costs (comprising both lawyer and court fees) can sometimes be greater than the value of the claim. Legislators around the world have long recognized that disputes concerning smaller claims may not require the same complex procedures and rules; instead, they can be resolved in a cheaper and more efficient manner. Although small claims procedure is not a new phenomenon and has existed for decades, it has only recently gained traction. Factors such as popular demand spur more and more countries into looking for new and faster ways to deal with smaller claims, as citizens are looking for simpler, ICT-enabled ways to resolve smaller disputes. This report provides a comparative analysis of small claims procedure in the 28 EU Member States, including lessons learned and good practices, to inform EU members and candidate countries looking to introduce or reform their small claims procedure. It considers a number of dimensions, namely: court fees, thresholds, institutional set-up, use of technology, the role of lawyers, lawyer fees, and avenues of appeal.
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This comparative analysis examines the enforcement of uncontested monetary claims in the EU-11, as well as in FYR Macedonia (hereinafter "comparator countries"), and outlines options available to policymakers.
... See More + The users of this analysis will be policymakers in environments that are strained by backlogs of such claims. Primarily, these will be Western Balkans countries, especially those of the former Yugoslavia. The analysis may also benefit policymakers elsewhere who wish to improve enforcement of uncontested claims. When exploring enforcement of uncontested claims, the report gives particular attention to utility bills since they form a significant portion of such claims. Additionally, enforcement of utility bills is a sensitive policy matter due to the social significance of these services. Uncontested claims are enforced in two stages: first, obtaining enforceable title; and second, execution of the enforceable title. In all comparator countries, these two stages are carried out by two different authorities. None of the comparator countries have chosen to combine the two stages. In contrast, in Serbia and in Montenegro these two stages form part of a single enforcement procedure carried out by an enforcement agent.
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This comparative analysis examines the enforcement of uncontested monetary claims in the EU-11, as well as in FYR Macedonia (hereinafter "comparator countries"), and outlines options available to policymakers.
... See More + The users of this analysis will be policymakers in environments that are strained by backlogs of such claims. Primarily, these will be Western Balkans countries, especially those of the former Yugoslavia. The analysis may also benefit policymakers elsewhere who wish to improve enforcement of uncontested claims. When exploring enforcement of uncontested claims, the report gives particular attention to utility bills since they form a significant portion of such claims. Additionally, enforcement of utility bills is a sensitive policy matter due to the social significance of these services. Uncontested claims are enforced in two stages: first, obtaining enforceable title; and second, execution of the enforceable title. In all comparator countries, these two stages are carried out by two different authorities. None of the comparator countries have chosen to combine the two stages. In contrast, in Serbia and in Montenegro these two stages form part of a single enforcement procedure carried out by an enforcement agent.
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This comparative analysis examines the enforcement of uncontested monetary claims in the EU-11, as well as in FYR Macedonia (hereinafter "comparator countries"), and outlines options available to policymakers.
... See More + The users of this analysis will be policymakers in environments that are strained by backlogs of such claims. Primarily, these will be Western Balkans countries, especially those of the former Yugoslavia. The analysis may also benefit policymakers elsewhere who wish to improve enforcement of uncontested claims. When exploring enforcement of uncontested claims, the report gives particular attention to utility bills since they form a significant portion of such claims. Additionally, enforcement of utility bills is a sensitive policy matter due to the social significance of these services. Uncontested claims are enforced in two stages: first, obtaining enforceable title; and second, execution of the enforceable title. In all comparator countries, these two stages are carried out by two different authorities. None of the comparator countries have chosen to combine the two stages. In contrast, in Serbia and in Montenegro these two stages form part of a single enforcement procedure carried out by an enforcement agent.
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This comparative analysis examines the enforcement of uncontested monetary claims in the EU-11, as well as in FYR Macedonia (hereinafter "comparator countries"), and outlines options available to policymakers.
... See More + The users of this analysis will be policymakers in environments that are strained by backlogs of such claims. Primarily, these will be Western Balkans countries, especially those of the former Yugoslavia. The analysis may also benefit policymakers elsewhere who wish to improve enforcement of uncontested claims. When exploring enforcement of uncontested claims, the report gives particular attention to utility bills since they form a significant portion of such claims. Additionally, enforcement of utility bills is a sensitive policy matter due to the social significance of these services. Uncontested claims are enforced in two stages: first, obtaining enforceable title; and second, execution of the enforceable title. In all comparator countries, these two stages are carried out by two different authorities. None of the comparator countries have chosen to combine the two stages. In contrast, in Serbia and in Montenegro these two stages form part of a single enforcement procedure carried out by an enforcement agent.
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This comparative analysis examines the enforcement of uncontested monetary claims in the EU-11, as well as in FYR Macedonia (hereinafter "comparator countries"), and outlines options available to policymakers.
... See More + The users of this analysis will be policymakers in environments that are strained by backlogs of such claims. Primarily, these will be Western Balkans countries, especially those of the former Yugoslavia. The analysis may also benefit policymakers elsewhere who wish to improve enforcement of uncontested claims. When exploring enforcement of uncontested claims, the report gives particular attention to utility bills since they form a significant portion of such claims. Additionally, enforcement of utility bills is a sensitive policy matter due to the social significance of these services. Uncontested claims are enforced in two stages: first, obtaining enforceable title; and second, execution of the enforceable title. In all comparator countries, these two stages are carried out by two different authorities. None of the comparator countries have chosen to combine the two stages. In contrast, in Serbia and in Montenegro these two stages form part of a single enforcement procedure carried out by an enforcement agent.
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The costs and long duration of court proceedings can be discouraging, and for the poor and micro and small enterprises (MSMEs) it can preclude access to justice entirely.
... See More + According to the latest CEPEJ data, in 2014 disposition time of first instance civil and commercial litigious cases ranged from 97 days in Lithuania to 532 in Italy, with an overall EU average of 250 days.2 Costs (comprising both lawyer and court fees) can sometimes be greater than the value of the claim. Legislators around the world have long recognized that disputes concerning smaller claims may not require the same complex procedures and rules; instead, they can be resolved in a cheaper and more efficient manner. Although small claims procedure is not a new phenomenon and has existed for decades, it has only recently gained traction. Factors such as popular demand spur more and more countries into looking for new and faster ways to deal with smaller claims, as citizens are looking for simpler, ICT-enabled ways to resolve smaller disputes. This report provides a comparative analysis of small claims procedure in the 28 EU Member States, including lessons learned and good practices, to inform EU members and candidate countries looking to introduce or reform their small claims procedure. It considers a number of dimensions, namely: court fees, thresholds, institutional set-up, use of technology, the role of lawyers, lawyer fees, and avenues of appeal.
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The costs and long duration of court proceedings can be discouraging, and for the poor and micro and small enterprises (MSMEs) it can preclude access to justice entirely.
... See More + According to the latest CEPEJ data, in 2014 disposition time of first instance civil and commercial litigious cases ranged from 97 days in Lithuania to 532 in Italy, with an overall EU average of 250 days.2 Costs (comprising both lawyer and court fees) can sometimes be greater than the value of the claim. Legislators around the world have long recognized that disputes concerning smaller claims may not require the same complex procedures and rules; instead, they can be resolved in a cheaper and more efficient manner. Although small claims procedure is not a new phenomenon and has existed for decades, it has only recently gained traction. Factors such as popular demand spur more and more countries into looking for new and faster ways to deal with smaller claims, as citizens are looking for simpler, ICT-enabled ways to resolve smaller disputes. This report provides a comparative analysis of small claims procedure in the 28 EU Member States, including lessons learned and good practices, to inform EU members and candidate countries looking to introduce or reform their small claims procedure. It considers a number of dimensions, namely: court fees, thresholds, institutional set-up, use of technology, the role of lawyers, lawyer fees, and avenues of appeal.
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The costs and long duration of court proceedings can be discouraging, and for the poor and micro and small enterprises (MSMEs) it can preclude access to justice entirely.
... See More + According to the latest CEPEJ data, in 2014 disposition time of first instance civil and commercial litigious cases ranged from 97 days in Lithuania to 532 in Italy, with an overall EU average of 250 days.2 Costs (comprising both lawyer and court fees) can sometimes be greater than the value of the claim. Legislators around the world have long recognized that disputes concerning smaller claims may not require the same complex procedures and rules; instead, they can be resolved in a cheaper and more efficient manner. Although small claims procedure is not a new phenomenon and has existed for decades, it has only recently gained traction. Factors such as popular demand spur more and more countries into looking for new and faster ways to deal with smaller claims, as citizens are looking for simpler, ICT-enabled ways to resolve smaller disputes. This report provides a comparative analysis of small claims procedure in the 28 EU Member States, including lessons learned and good practices, to inform EU members and candidate countries looking to introduce or reform their small claims procedure. It considers a number of dimensions, namely: court fees, thresholds, institutional set-up, use of technology, the role of lawyers, lawyer fees, and avenues of appeal.
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The costs and long duration of court proceedings can be discouraging, and for the poor and micro and small enterprises (MSMEs) it can preclude access to justice entirely.
... See More + According to the latest CEPEJ data, in 2014 disposition time of first instance civil and commercial litigious cases ranged from 97 days in Lithuania to 532 in Italy, with an overall EU average of 250 days.2 Costs (comprising both lawyer and court fees) can sometimes be greater than the value of the claim. Legislators around the world have long recognized that disputes concerning smaller claims may not require the same complex procedures and rules; instead, they can be resolved in a cheaper and more efficient manner. Although small claims procedure is not a new phenomenon and has existed for decades, it has only recently gained traction. Factors such as popular demand spur more and more countries into looking for new and faster ways to deal with smaller claims, as citizens are looking for simpler, ICT-enabled ways to resolve smaller disputes. This report provides a comparative analysis of small claims procedure in the 28 EU Member States, including lessons learned and good practices, to inform EU members and candidate countries looking to introduce or reform their small claims procedure. It considers a number of dimensions, namely: court fees, thresholds, institutional set-up, use of technology, the role of lawyers, lawyer fees, and avenues of appeal.
See Less -
The costs and long duration of court proceedings can be discouraging, and for the poor and micro and small enterprises (MSMEs) it can preclude access to justice entirely.
... See More + According to the latest CEPEJ data, in 2014 disposition time of first instance civil and commercial litigious cases ranged from 97 days in Lithuania to 532 in Italy, with an overall EU average of 250 days.2 Costs (comprising both lawyer and court fees) can sometimes be greater than the value of the claim. Legislators around the world have long recognized that disputes concerning smaller claims may not require the same complex procedures and rules; instead, they can be resolved in a cheaper and more efficient manner. Although small claims procedure is not a new phenomenon and has existed for decades, it has only recently gained traction. Factors such as popular demand spur more and more countries into looking for new and faster ways to deal with smaller claims, as citizens are looking for simpler, ICT-enabled ways to resolve smaller disputes. This report provides a comparative analysis of small claims procedure in the 28 EU Member States, including lessons learned and good practices, to inform EU members and candidate countries looking to introduce or reform their small claims procedure. It considers a number of dimensions, namely: court fees, thresholds, institutional set-up, use of technology, the role of lawyers, lawyer fees, and avenues of appeal.
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This restructuring paper has, as its main objective, to streamline the national elements of the West Africa Regional Fisheries Program (WARFP) around the priority of strengthening governance of the sector, in order to help rebuild the resource base and achieve the PDO.
... See More + More specifically, certain components of the Project will be restructured to include activities that were initially not financed by the IDA, and which were are included in the Project Appraisal Document. All the activities that are added to the components are not new in that they were appraised and the due diligence as to social safeguard policies was undertaken as part of the Project appraisal. Component one activities will focus on scaling up the principles of local empowerment and allocation of secure rights to reduce open access (the main constraint of the fisheries sector) (Component 1) while continuing to improve surveillance of fisheries (Component 2), while the component on infrastructure (Component 3) has been greatly reduced as a later priority. For component 1, the activities will be modified to reduce a number of broader research efforts while at the same time adding the operation and completion of the successful community pilot initiatives from the GIRMaC and GDRH. For component 3, the investments for establishing a fishing landing site cluster in Kafountine will be dropped for a later priority.
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This Result Profile talks about enhancing business efficiency and productivity in Colombia to boost growth and reduce poverty. Colombia experienced economic stagnation during the late 1990s and the early 2000s, and the financial crisis during that period curtailed firms’ access to funding.
... See More + With support from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), Colombia has implemented reforms to improve the business environment, develop the financial sector, and foster innovation. As the global financial crisis deepened in October 2008, IBRD also backed several measures to strengthen the sector’s resilience The World Bank’s efforts supported several reforms, identified in a series of sector studies backed by IBRD. The reforms improved the business environment and fostered capital market development, considered key to sustaining growth and alleviating poverty, which benefited the whole Colombian population.
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Doing Business 2012 is the ninth in a series of annual reports published by IFC and the World Bank. The report assesses regulations affecting domestic firms in 183 economies and ranks the economies in 10 areas of business regulation, such as starting a business, resolving insolvency and trading across borders.
... See More + This years report data cover regulations measured from June 2010 through May 2011. The report rankings on ease of doing business have expanded to include indicators on getting electricity. The report finds that getting an electrical connection is most efficient in Iceland; Germany; Taiwan, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; and Singapore. Morocco improved its business regulation the most compared to other global economies, climbing 21 places to 94, by simplifying the construction permitting process, easing the administrative burden of tax compliance, and providing greater protections to minority shareholders. Since 2005, Morocco has implemented 15 business regulatory reforms. Besides Morocco, 11 other economies are recognized as having the most improved ease of doing business across several areas of regulation as measured by the report: Moldova, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Latvia, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Burundi, the Solomon Islands, the Republic of Korea, Armenia, and Colombia. The Republic of Korea was a new entrant to the top 10. Governments in 125 economies out of 183 measured implemented a total of 245 business regulatory reforms, 13 percent more reforms than in the previous year. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a record 36 out of 46 economies improved business regulations this year. Over the past six years, 163 economies have made their regulatory environment more business-friendly. China, India, and the Russian Federation are among the 30 economies that improved the most over time. Read about reforms. Singapore led on the overall ease of doing business, followed by Hong Kong SAR, China; New Zealand; the United States; and Denmark.
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Doing Business 2012 is the ninth in a series of annual reports published by IFC and the World Bank. The report assesses regulations affecting domestic firms in 183 economies and ranks the economies in 10 areas of business regulation, such as starting a business, resolving insolvency and trading across borders.
... See More + This years report data cover regulations measured from June 2010 through May 2011. The report rankings on ease of doing business have expanded to include indicators on getting electricity. The report finds that getting an electrical connection is most efficient in Iceland; Germany; Taiwan, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; and Singapore. Morocco improved its business regulation the most compared to other global economies, climbing 21 places to 94, by simplifying the construction permitting process, easing the administrative burden of tax compliance, and providing greater protections to minority shareholders. Since 2005, Morocco has implemented 15 business regulatory reforms. Besides Morocco, 11 other economies are recognized as having the most improved ease of doing business across several areas of regulation as measured by the report: Moldova, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Latvia, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Burundi, the Solomon Islands, the Republic of Korea, Armenia, and Colombia. The Republic of Korea was a new entrant to the top 10. Governments in 125 economies out of 183 measured implemented a total of 245 business regulatory reforms, 13 percent more reforms than in the previous year. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a record 36 out of 46 economies improved business regulations this year. Over the past six years, 163 economies have made their regulatory environment more business-friendly. China, India, and the Russian Federation are among the 30 economies that improved the most over time. Read about reforms. Singapore led on the overall ease of doing business, followed by Hong Kong SAR, China; New Zealand; the United States; and Denmark.
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Doing Business 2012 is the ninth in a series of annual reports published by IFC and the World Bank. The report assesses regulations affecting domestic firms in 183 economies and ranks the economies in 10 areas of business regulation, such as starting a business, resolving insolvency and trading across borders.
... See More + This years report data cover regulations measured from June 2010 through May 2011. The report rankings on ease of doing business have expanded to include indicators on getting electricity. The report finds that getting an electrical connection is most efficient in Iceland; Germany; Taiwan, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; and Singapore. Morocco improved its business regulation the most compared to other global economies, climbing 21 places to 94, by simplifying the construction permitting process, easing the administrative burden of tax compliance, and providing greater protections to minority shareholders. Since 2005, Morocco has implemented 15 business regulatory reforms. Besides Morocco, 11 other economies are recognized as having the most improved ease of doing business across several areas of regulation as measured by the report: Moldova, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Latvia, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Burundi, the Solomon Islands, the Republic of Korea, Armenia, and Colombia. The Republic of Korea was a new entrant to the top 10. Governments in 125 economies out of 183 measured implemented a total of 245 business regulatory reforms, 13 percent more reforms than in the previous year. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a record 36 out of 46 economies improved business regulations this year. Over the past six years, 163 economies have made their regulatory environment more business-friendly. China, India, and the Russian Federation are among the 30 economies that improved the most over time. Read about reforms. Singapore led on the overall ease of doing business, followed by Hong Kong SAR, China; New Zealand; the United States; and Denmark.
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Doing Business 2012 is the ninth in a series of annual reports published by IFC and the World Bank. The report assesses regulations affecting domestic firms in 183 economies and ranks the economies in 10 areas of business regulation, such as starting a business, resolving insolvency and trading across borders.
... See More + This years report data cover regulations measured from June 2010 through May 2011. The report rankings on ease of doing business have expanded to include indicators on getting electricity. The report finds that getting an electrical connection is most efficient in Iceland; Germany; Taiwan, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; and Singapore. Morocco improved its business regulation the most compared to other global economies, climbing 21 places to 94, by simplifying the construction permitting process, easing the administrative burden of tax compliance, and providing greater protections to minority shareholders. Since 2005, Morocco has implemented 15 business regulatory reforms. Besides Morocco, 11 other economies are recognized as having the most improved ease of doing business across several areas of regulation as measured by the report: Moldova, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Latvia, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Burundi, the Solomon Islands, the Republic of Korea, Armenia, and Colombia. The Republic of Korea was a new entrant to the top 10. Governments in 125 economies out of 183 measured implemented a total of 245 business regulatory reforms, 13 percent more reforms than in the previous year. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a record 36 out of 46 economies improved business regulations this year. Over the past six years, 163 economies have made their regulatory environment more business-friendly. China, India, and the Russian Federation are among the 30 economies that improved the most over time. Read about reforms. Singapore led on the overall ease of doing business, followed by Hong Kong SAR, China; New Zealand; the United States; and Denmark.
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Doing Business 2012 is the ninth in a series of annual reports published by IFC and the World Bank. The report assesses regulations affecting domestic firms in 183 economies and ranks the economies in 10 areas of business regulation, such as starting a business, resolving insolvency and trading across borders.
... See More + This years report data cover regulations measured from June 2010 through May 2011. The report rankings on ease of doing business have expanded to include indicators on getting electricity. The report finds that getting an electrical connection is most efficient in Iceland; Germany; Taiwan, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; and Singapore. Morocco improved its business regulation the most compared to other global economies, climbing 21 places to 94, by simplifying the construction permitting process, easing the administrative burden of tax compliance, and providing greater protections to minority shareholders. Since 2005, Morocco has implemented 15 business regulatory reforms. Besides Morocco, 11 other economies are recognized as having the most improved ease of doing business across several areas of regulation as measured by the report: Moldova, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Latvia, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Burundi, the Solomon Islands, the Republic of Korea, Armenia, and Colombia. The Republic of Korea was a new entrant to the top 10. Governments in 125 economies out of 183 measured implemented a total of 245 business regulatory reforms, 13 percent more reforms than in the previous year. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a record 36 out of 46 economies improved business regulations this year. Over the past six years, 163 economies have made their regulatory environment more business-friendly. China, India, and the Russian Federation are among the 30 economies that improved the most over time. Read about reforms. Singapore led on the overall ease of doing business, followed by Hong Kong SAR, China; New Zealand; the United States; and Denmark.
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Doing Business 2012 is the ninth in a series of annual reports published by IFC and the World Bank. The report assesses regulations affecting domestic firms in 183 economies and ranks the economies in 10 areas of business regulation, such as starting a business, resolving insolvency and trading across borders.
... See More + This years report data cover regulations measured from June 2010 through May 2011. The report rankings on ease of doing business have expanded to include indicators on getting electricity. The report finds that getting an electrical connection is most efficient in Iceland; Germany; Taiwan, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; and Singapore. Morocco improved its business regulation the most compared to other global economies, climbing 21 places to 94, by simplifying the construction permitting process, easing the administrative burden of tax compliance, and providing greater protections to minority shareholders. Since 2005, Morocco has implemented 15 business regulatory reforms. Besides Morocco, 11 other economies are recognized as having the most improved ease of doing business across several areas of regulation as measured by the report: Moldova, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Latvia, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Burundi, the Solomon Islands, the Republic of Korea, Armenia, and Colombia. The Republic of Korea was a new entrant to the top 10. Governments in 125 economies out of 183 measured implemented a total of 245 business regulatory reforms, 13 percent more reforms than in the previous year. In Sub-Saharan Africa, a record 36 out of 46 economies improved business regulations this year. Over the past six years, 163 economies have made their regulatory environment more business-friendly. China, India, and the Russian Federation are among the 30 economies that improved the most over time. Read about reforms. Singapore led on the overall ease of doing business, followed by Hong Kong SAR, China; New Zealand; the United States; and Denmark.
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This Results Profile talks about The Second and Third Burundi Economic Reform Support Grants (ERSG). Burundi emerged from a thirteen year civil war after the signing of a comprehensive peace and reconciliation agreement in 2000, which marked a significant turning point.
... See More + The Grants had provided building blocks of institutional development and capacity building for enacting the regulatory and legislative framework for private sector led growth. ERSG supported a fragile country with institutional weaknesses and thereby prevented, to some extent, a conflict reversal. In addition, the risks of the operations counter-balanced potential rewards of macroeconomic stabilization.
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