This report concerns the second additional financing for the Second Health Sector Support Program for Cambodia that will improve access to, and utilization of effective, efficient and quality health services to the population.
... See More + The project aims to acheive this by (a) strengthening primary health care and essential referral services, (b) strengthening health financing and social protection mechanisms for the poor; and (c) strengthening human resources and institutional capacity on the Ministry of Health. This report includes updates of the 2008 environment management plan as part of preparation for the second additional financing to reflect the lessons learned during safeguards implementation of the oroginal project development objective and the first additional financing. The second additional financing will not finance civil works and concerns four project components: component A will strengthen health service delivery; component B will improve health financing; component C will strengthen human resources; and component D will strengthen health system stewardship functions. No additional funding is available for components C and D. Continued financing of health equity funds and service delivery grants is consistent with the program's development objective. As with the original project and the first additional financing, the second additional financing is expected to have a positive impact on the lives of peoples throughout Cambodia, particularly the poorest, by improving their access to and utilization of effective and efficient health services. The second additional financing will not affect any natural habitats, forests, or cultural resources. No new safeguard policies will be triggered by the second additional financing.
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The Global Environment Facility (GEF) Municipal Solid Waste Management Project for China aims to build capacity and demonstrate best available techniques and best environmental practices in municipal solid waste incineration in accordance with the Stockholm Convention by lowering dioxins and furans emissions from facilities.
... See More + The assessment of the environmental impacts of four incinerators in Kunming (Konggang, Wuhua, Xishan, and Dongjiao) will establish favorable conditions for replicating project results more widely across China. In terms of the knowledge about the positive and negative impact of waste incineration, the positive impacts include relieving the pressure of municipal solid waste disposal, improving the urban sanitary condition, and improving living environment. The negative impacts impacts include discharging toxic gas from waste incineration, generating dust and affecting living quality. Negative impacts on the environment also affect air pollution, dust, water quality, soil erosion, drainage, waste management, and loss of ecology. Mitigation measures include: disposal measures for acid and alkaline wastewater, cooling sewage and other industrial wastewater shall be reasonable and feasible; back-spraying shall be preferred in treatment of waste leachate, and drainage shall meet the requirements of relevant state and local emission standards if back-spraying is not feasible, and emergent collecting pool of waste leachate with sufficient capacity shall be installed; sludge or concentrated solution shall be independently burned in plants without outbound transport for disposal; construction style and overall saturation of incineration plants of municipal solid wastes shall be in consistent with their surrounding environment. Proposed physical activities under the project are primarily equipment enhancement of air pollution control facilities of existing MSW incinerators in Kunming. Key environmental issues identified are associated with incinerator operation: including air emissions control, solid waste management, wastewater management, and environmental risks. Due to the nature of the project and risk level of potential environmental impacts, the project is categorized as Category A for environmental purposes as per OP4.01/BP4.01 Environmental Assessment.
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Contaminated sites associated with economic growth and development and increased urbanization pose a growing public health and environmental problem.
... See More + Emissions and discharges, particularly uncontrolled ones, onto land can pollute the soil and the groundwater beneath, and can also affect surface water quality and sediments in nearby rivers and streams. This document is intended to summarize the rationale and the major policy, regulatory, implementation, and organizational issues involved in creating a contaminated site program, especially for low and middle income countries. The document offers alternatives regarding the design and implementation of such a program. It provides an action agenda of short- and longer-term activities to be considered when establishing a contaminated site program. In addition to providing some optional approaches for the many policy and programmatic issues, the document provides numerous references from the experience of other country programs to draw upon in considering program options. The document is intended to help support World Bank staff or other international financial institutions and assistance agencies in their dialogues with governmental officials in low and middle income countries regarding specific options and steps on developing or implementing contaminated sites programs in their countries. It is also relevant for governmental agencies in these countries responsible for site contamination and pollution management, land use planning, and site development at local and national levels. The document is organized in the following chapters: chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two is setting policy and legislative framework which highlights the development of policy and legislative purpose, principles, strategy and design, and related legislation. Chapter three is regulatory issues which presents major topics that may be the subject of regulations by a ministry or agency. Chapter four is contaminated site program management which presents management, organizational, and operational issues, including issues of coordination and partnerships within branches of government and with other stakeholders. Chapter five is action agenda for contaminated site program which provides the development of an action agenda of short- and longer-term actions to be considered in forming a contaminated site program, including creation of a national management plan for contaminated sites.
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The objectives of the Emergency Employment Investment Project are to: i) create short-term employment opportunities for the unemployed, unskilled and semi-skilled workers in selected locations in Egypt; ii) contribute to the creation and/or maintenance of community infrastructure and services; iii) improve access to basic infrastructure and community services among target population; and iv) to improve the employability of young men and women through short-term training or other support services to facilitate transitions to wage and self-employment.
... See More + Negative impact includes: waste management, soil erosion, noise pollution, ecology, water pollution, dust, air pollution, and pest management. Mitigation measures includes: a) provide appropriate sized bins to collect construction waste and arrange for periodic pick up and disposal; b) avoid cutting trees and destruction of green areas, and if necessary, re-vegetation should be arranged and included in the project; c) provide glowing traffic signs and build artificial humps near construction area; d) control construction by fencing site and spraying water over working area to control dust emissions; e) collect liquid effluents during construction and avoid disposal of untreated effluents into public water systems; f) use protective clothing and masks for workers as appropriate; g) strict avoidance of construction near archeological, historical, or religious areas. If any potential artifacts are discovered during construction, work will be temporarily halted in this area; and h) restrict noisy activities to certain hours during the day to avoid disturbance.
The objectives of the Emergency Employment Investment Project are to: i) create short-term employment opportunities for the unemployed, unskilled and semi-skilled workers in selected locations in Egypt; ii) contribute to the creation and/or maintenance of community infrastructure and services; iii) improve access to basic infrastructure and community services among target population; and iv) to improve the employability of young men and women through short-term training or other support services to facilitate transitions to wage and self-employment.
... See More + Negative impact includes: waste management, soil erosion, noise pollution, ecology, water pollution, dust, air pollution, and pest management. Mitigation measures includes: a) provide appropriate sized bins to collect construction waste and arrange for periodic pick up and disposal; b) avoid cutting trees and destruction of green areas, and if necessary, re-vegetation should be arranged and included in the project; c) provide glowing traffic signs and build artificial humps near construction area; d) control construction by fencing site and spraying water over working area to control dust emissions; e) collect liquid effluents during construction and avoid disposal of untreated effluents into public water systems; f) use protective clothing and masks for workers as appropriate; g) strict avoidance of construction near archeological, historical, or religious areas. If any potential artifacts are discovered during construction, work will be temporarily halted in this area; and h) restrict noisy activities to certain hours during the day to avoid disturbance.
The Maternal and Child Nutrition and Health Results Project for the Gambia seeks to increase the utilization of community nutrition and primary maternal and child health care services in the country.
... See More + Since the appropriate management and disposal of healthcare waste is vital to minimize the risk it presents to human health as well as the environment, the Gambian government developed the National Health Policy and then developed a Health Sector Strategic Plan (HSSP) with various facets for addressing the country's health sector challenges, of which Health Care Waste Management (HCWM) is a part. This document provides a detailed overview of the HCWM plan, including its objectives, necessity, the policy and legal frameworks, its implementation, challenges and assessment.
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The objective of the Sustainable Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Management Project is to assist Egypt in strengthening its technical and management capacity for minimizing exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs).
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: a) a dedicated building and containers should be in good condition and made of hard plastic or metal, and with wood, fiberboard, drywall, plaster or insulation; b) contaminated solids should be stored in sealed containers such as barrels or pails, steel waste containers or in specially constructed trays or containers; c) a complete inventory of wastes in the storage site should be undertaken and kept up to date as waste is added or disposed of; d) the site should be subjected to routine inspection for leaks, degradation of container materials, vandalism, integrity of fire alarms and fire suppression systems as well as general status of the site; e) emergency response plans should be in place for all Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in use, in storage, and in transport; and f) taking all the possible measures for protection from electrical faults that could lead to breaking out of fire in residential areas with schools and hospitals. In addition, instruments should be checked regularly for leakage possibilities.
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The objective of the Sustainable Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Management Project is to assist Egypt in strengthening its technical and management capacity for minimizing exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs).
... See More + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: a) a dedicated building and containers should be in good condition and made of hard plastic or metal, and with wood, fiberboard, drywall, plaster or insulation; b) contaminated solids should be stored in sealed containers such as barrels or pails, steel waste containers or in specially constructed trays or containers; c) a complete inventory of wastes in the storage site should be undertaken and kept up to date as waste is added or disposed of; d) the site should be subjected to routine inspection for leaks, degradation of container materials, vandalism, integrity of fire alarms and fire suppression systems as well as general status of the site; e) emergency response plans should be in place for all Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in use, in storage, and in transport; and f) taking all the possible measures for protection from electrical faults that could lead to breaking out of fire in residential areas with schools and hospitals. In addition, instruments should be checked regularly for leakage possibilities.
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The development objective of the Health Systems Strengthening Project for Uganda is to increase utilization of the Uganda national minimum health care package, with a focus on maternal health and family planning.
... See More + Negative impacts include: health hazards, dust, traffic, improper management of demolition waste, air pollution, and fire. Mitigation measures include: (1) providing onsite toilet and washing water for workers; (2) using dust screens or nets in windows, doorways, and ventilators of rooms where demolition or other dusty construction activities are occurring; (3) ensuring drivers respect speed limits through built areas and urban centers; (4) seeking guidance of local environmental officers to identify acceptable disposal sites; (5) ensuring proper waste management practices; and (6) providing fire extinguishers to healthcare facilities.
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The development objective of the Accelerating Universal Access to Early and Effective Tuberculosis Care Project for India is to expand utilization and improve quality of diagnosis and treatment of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis for patients in the public and private sectors.
... See More + Negative impacts and mitigation measures include: the Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) provides detailed guidance to public health facilities on infection control and waste management, by way of: (i) categorization, segregation, collection, storage, transportation, and treatment of bio-medical wastes; (ii) list of furniture, equipment, consumables, reagents, and diagnostic kits for Infection Management and Environment Plan (IMEP) implementation; (iii) universal precautions that must be followed for IMEP; (iv) checklists for internal monitoring of waste disposal; (v) guidelines for airborne infection control; (vi) guidelines on reduction of environmental pollution due to mercury waste; (vii) standards for establishing supportive infrastructure for bio-medical waste management including burial pits and waste storage facilities; (viii) list of statutory compliances including authorizations that must be secured in support of IMEP; and (ix) proformas for facility surveys on IPHS.
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Kazakhstan's environmental situation is at a critical cross-road, where the pressures of economic growth without adequate environmental controls and the legacy of industrial production are beginning to take their toll on society in terms of health.
... See More + In addition, Kazakhstan strives to promote itself as a modern and resource-efficient economy that is worthy of top international standing. In response, a series of proactive planning has emerged through such strategic initiatives as the Green Economy Concept with its accompanying actions that aim to reduce the ecological footprint of economic activities, promote sustainable economic growth and place Kazakhstan on a cleaner and greener development path. The document details the background and context of the situation in the country, and the initiatives that are being taken to improve air quality.
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Kazakhstan's environmental situation is at a critical cross-road, where the pressures of economic growth without adequate environmental controls and the legacy of industrial production are beginning to take their toll on society in terms of health.
... See More + In addition, Kazakhstan strives to promote itself as a modern and resource-efficient economy that is worthy of top international standing. In response, a series of proactive planning has emerged through such strategic initiatives as the Green Economy Concept with its accompanying actions that aim to reduce the ecological footprint of economic activities, promote sustainable economic growth and place Kazakhstan on a cleaner and greener development path. The document details the background and context of the situation in the country, and the initiatives that are being taken to improve air quality.
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The Maternal and Child Health Support Project of Togo will increase utilization of selected maternal and child health and nutrition services for pregnant women and children.
... See More + The direct beneficiaries of the project are pregnant women who will receive malaria and nutrition services as part of a package delivered during their routine visits, and children under five. Specifically, the project will promote scaling-up of community based diagnosis and treatment of malaria. In order to mitigate fraud and corruption risks inherent to thr public sector in Togo and reinforce the governance of the project, the project design incorporates regular internal missions with a strong focus on activities at decentralized levels. The potential risks identified are the lack of experience with Bank's project implementation procedures.
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The objective of the Second Health Project for Serbia is to contribute to improving the efficiency and quality of the public health system of the Republic of Serbia through the strengthening of: (i) health financing, purchasing, and maintenance systems; and (ii) quality improvement systems and management of selected priority non-communicable diseases.
... See More + Negative impacts include: air and water pollution, noise, hazardous waste, toxic materials, and land acquisition. Mitigation measures include: (1) keeping demolition debris in controlled area and spraying water mist to reduce debris dust; (2) ensuring to keep engine covers of generators, air compressors, and other powered mechanical equipment closed during operations; (3) separating mineral construction and demolition wastes from general refuse, organic, liquid, and chemical wastes by on-site sorting and storing in appropriate containers; (4) implementing approved land acquisition plan or framework; and (5) keeping hazardous substances in an leak-proof container to prevent spillage and leaching.
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