Co-residence is an important source of support for the elderly, especially in countries where pension systems do not cover most of the population.
... See More + This note provides new evidence regarding elderly co-residence patterns in more than 100 developing countries that represent over 90 percent of the developing world population. The authors find a wide range of co-residence rates across countries, ranging from 29 to nearly 100 percent, and a strong inverse relationship between the receipt of a pension and co-residence. The results show the importance of informal support, and have implications for the choice and design of policy instruments aimed at the elderly, including social insurance and assistance.
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Madagascar has been entirely unsuccessful in reducing the number of its people that are poor, or extremely so, in the ten years since 2001, when poverty was already at a very high level.
... See More + This well-known conclusion draws on the analysis of three successive rounds of the national household expenditure surveys (enquete periodiques aupres des menages, EPM) conducted by the Madagascar National Institute of Statistics (INSTAT) in 2001, 2005, and 2010. The objective of the analysis in this report is to document the levels and changes in poverty in Madagascar, and provide a detailed review of correlates of poverty and inequality in various dimensions, including gender, age, the structure of households, and place of residence. The report is an assessment of past poverty trends, and while policy implications are highlighted in many cases, the report is focused mainly on the descriptive, rather than prescriptive. It is found that the poverty headcount did not decrease between 2001 and 2005, rising instead from 71 to 75 percent of the population, rather than the 68 percent estimated official headcount for 2005. The methodology is described at length in the report and its annexes.
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Country Gender Assessment (CGA) 78131 APR 01, 2014
This World Bank annual report focuses on the work of the World Bank Group as it relates to countries and people striving to overcome poverty in all regions, especially in Africa.
... See More + The World Bank Group is working with partners on more than 620 projects: to give both boys and girls a chance to learn; offer health services to those in need of care; promote the development of the private sector so as to put local savings to work creating jobs and property for the poor; and build infrastructure and secure, sustainable energy resources that are prerequisites for growth. This report also highlights the World Bank's work to strengthen governance, institutions, and the rule of law so people have a fair opportunity to forge a future for their families and countries. Regional perspectives are reviewed, through a breakdown of the Bank's lending and activities across the developing world, featuring highlights of projects in borrowing countries within each of the Bank's six regions. The report gives the fiscal year activities and gives a description of the Bank's development knowledge-sharing over the fiscal year 2007; a discussion of the Bank's approach to lending in low income, and middle-income countries; the Bank's resources; and a summary of the Bank's lending by region, theme, and sector, such as environmental programs and infrastructure projects. This section also describes the Bank's partnerships with public, private, and civil society stakeholders. The fiscal 2007 financial statements, organizational information, income by region, new operations approved in fiscal 2007 are given in this report.
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This World Bank annual report focuses on the work of the World Bank Group as it relates to countries and people striving to overcome poverty in all regions, especially in Africa.
... See More + The World Bank Group is working with partners on more than 620 projects: to give both boys and girls a chance to learn; offer health services to those in need of care; promote the development of the private sector so as to put local savings to work creating jobs and property for the poor; and build infrastructure and secure, sustainable energy resources that are prerequisites for growth. This report also highlights the World Bank's work to strengthen governance, institutions, and the rule of law so people have a fair opportunity to forge a future for their families and countries. Regional perspectives are reviewed, through a breakdown of the Bank's lending and activities across the developing world, featuring highlights of projects in borrowing countries within each of the Bank's six regions. The report gives the fiscal year activities and gives a description of the Bank's development knowledge-sharing over the fiscal year 2007; a discussion of the Bank's approach to lending in low income, and middle-income countries; the Bank's resources; and a summary of the Bank's lending by region, theme, and sector, such as environmental programs and infrastructure projects. This section also describes the Bank's partnerships with public, private, and civil society stakeholders. The fiscal 2007 financial statements, organizational information, income by region, new operations approved in fiscal 2007 are given in this report.
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This World Bank annual report focuses on the work of the World Bank Group as it relates to countries and people striving to overcome poverty in all regions, especially in Africa.
... See More + The World Bank Group is working with partners on more than 620 projects: to give both boys and girls a chance to learn; offer health services to those in need of care; promote the development of the private sector so as to put local savings to work creating jobs and property for the poor; and build infrastructure and secure, sustainable energy resources that are prerequisites for growth. This report also highlights the World Bank's work to strengthen governance, institutions, and the rule of law so people have a fair opportunity to forge a future for their families and countries. Regional perspectives are reviewed, through a breakdown of the Bank's lending and activities across the developing world, featuring highlights of projects in borrowing countries within each of the Bank's six regions. The report gives the fiscal year activities and gives a description of the Bank's development knowledge-sharing over the fiscal year 2007; a discussion of the Bank's approach to lending in low income, and middle-income countries; the Bank's resources; and a summary of the Bank's lending by region, theme, and sector, such as environmental programs and infrastructure projects. This section also describes the Bank's partnerships with public, private, and civil society stakeholders. The fiscal 2007 financial statements, organizational information, income by region, new operations approved in fiscal 2007 are given in this report.
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This World Bank annual report focuses on the work of the World Bank Group as it relates to countries and people striving to overcome poverty in all regions, especially in Africa.
... See More + The World Bank Group is working with partners on more than 620 projects: to give both boys and girls a chance to learn; offer health services to those in need of care; promote the development of the private sector so as to put local savings to work creating jobs and property for the poor; and build infrastructure and secure, sustainable energy resources that are prerequisites for growth. This report also highlights the World Bank's work to strengthen governance, institutions, and the rule of law so people have a fair opportunity to forge a future for their families and countries. Regional perspectives are reviewed, through a breakdown of the Bank's lending and activities across the developing world, featuring highlights of projects in borrowing countries within each of the Bank's six regions. The report gives the fiscal year activities and gives a description of the Bank's development knowledge-sharing over the fiscal year 2007; a discussion of the Bank's approach to lending in low income, and middle-income countries; the Bank's resources; and a summary of the Bank's lending by region, theme, and sector, such as environmental programs and infrastructure projects. This section also describes the Bank's partnerships with public, private, and civil society stakeholders. The fiscal 2007 financial statements, organizational information, income by region, new operations approved in fiscal 2007 are given in this report.
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This World Bank annual report focuses on the work of the World Bank Group as it relates to countries and people striving to overcome poverty in all regions, especially in Africa.
... See More + The World Bank Group is working with partners on more than 620 projects: to give both boys and girls a chance to learn; offer health services to those in need of care; promote the development of the private sector so as to put local savings to work creating jobs and property for the poor; and build infrastructure and secure, sustainable energy resources that are prerequisites for growth. This report also highlights the World Bank's work to strengthen governance, institutions, and the rule of law so people have a fair opportunity to forge a future for their families and countries. Regional perspectives are reviewed, through a breakdown of the Bank's lending and activities across the developing world, featuring highlights of projects in borrowing countries within each of the Bank's six regions. The report gives the fiscal year activities and gives a description of the Bank's development knowledge-sharing over the fiscal year 2007; a discussion of the Bank's approach to lending in low income, and middle-income countries; the Bank's resources; and a summary of the Bank's lending by region, theme, and sector, such as environmental programs and infrastructure projects. This section also describes the Bank's partnerships with public, private, and civil society stakeholders. The fiscal 2007 financial statements, organizational information, income by region, new operations approved in fiscal 2007 are given in this report.
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This World Bank annual report focuses on the work of the World Bank Group as it relates to countries and people striving to overcome poverty in all regions, especially in Africa.
... See More + The World Bank Group is working with partners on more than 620 projects: to give both boys and girls a chance to learn; offer health services to those in need of care; promote the development of the private sector so as to put local savings to work creating jobs and property for the poor; and build infrastructure and secure, sustainable energy resources that are prerequisites for growth. This report also highlights the World Bank's work to strengthen governance, institutions, and the rule of law so people have a fair opportunity to forge a future for their families and countries. Regional perspectives are reviewed, through a breakdown of the Bank's lending and activities across the developing world, featuring highlights of projects in borrowing countries within each of the Bank's six regions. The report gives the fiscal year activities and gives a description of the Bank's development knowledge-sharing over the fiscal year 2007; a discussion of the Bank's approach to lending in low income, and middle-income countries; the Bank's resources; and a summary of the Bank's lending by region, theme, and sector, such as environmental programs and infrastructure projects. This section also describes the Bank's partnerships with public, private, and civil society stakeholders. The fiscal 2007 financial statements, organizational information, income by region, new operations approved in fiscal 2007 are given in this report.
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This World Bank annual report focuses on the work of the World Bank Group as it relates to countries and people striving to overcome poverty in all regions, especially in Africa.
... See More + The World Bank Group is working with partners on more than 620 projects: to give both boys and girls a chance to learn; offer health services to those in need of care; promote the development of the private sector so as to put local savings to work creating jobs and property for the poor; and build infrastructure and secure, sustainable energy resources that are prerequisites for growth. This report also highlights the World Bank's work to strengthen governance, institutions, and the rule of law so people have a fair opportunity to forge a future for their families and countries. Regional perspectives are reviewed, through a breakdown of the Bank's lending and activities across the developing world, featuring highlights of projects in borrowing countries within each of the Bank's six regions. The report gives the fiscal year activities and gives a description of the Bank's development knowledge-sharing over the fiscal year 2007; a discussion of the Bank's approach to lending in low income, and middle-income countries; the Bank's resources; and a summary of the Bank's lending by region, theme, and sector, such as environmental programs and infrastructure projects. This section also describes the Bank's partnerships with public, private, and civil society stakeholders. The fiscal 2007 financial statements, organizational information, income by region, new operations approved in fiscal 2007 are given in this report.
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This Foreword and Executive Summary to the 2006 Annual Review of Development Effectiveness (ARDE) restates the aim of the World Bank's results agenda to design country assistance programs and development projects that go beyond delivering assistance, and to ensuring poverty reduction in socially and environmentally sustainable ways.
... See More + Effective and sustained reductions in poverty result from a combination of sustained economic growth, policies and investments that improve income distribution, and the delivery of services to the poor. Achieving this combination of outcomes, in turn, requires capable public institutions that are accountable to their stakeholders for the results they achieve.
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This book argues that Peru faces an unprecedented opportunity to become the next success story in Latin America. In the coming five years, policy making could put the country on a development path similar to the one that, say, Chile, Costa Rica, or Spain have followed over the last two decades.
... See More + This book includes 32 sector-specific chapters and 2 historical perspectives that precede them. The beginning chapter, a synthesis, builds a comprehensive reform agenda that highlights possible sequencing and priorities. It is organized in five sections-the main messages, the three strategic challenges in Peru's development, and a path for action over the next five years.
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Policy Note 38286 OCT 01, 2006
Guigale, Marcelo M.; Fretes-Cibilis, Vincente; Newman, John L.EnglishDisclosed
Although Sierra Leone is endowed with rich natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in the world. An eleven-year war over the period 1991-2002 destroyed the country's infrastructure and social fabric.
... See More + The concentration of political power and public resources in the capital city Freetown, and the marginalization of the provinces were perceived as one of the root causes of the war. In 2004, Sierra Leone ranked bottom in the United Nations Human Development Indicators, and 70 percent of the population is said to be under the poverty line. To support the decentralization process, following the Local Council Election of May-June 2004, the councils were encouraged to adopt the Rapid Results Approach (RRA), which became an important driver in building a culture of performance, accountability and results. The initial efforts have also unleashed implementation capacity within the newly-created local councils that delivered measurable improvements in public services over a short period. The note further examines the first wave of rapid results initiatives, scaling-up, and devolution, and, stipulates that by adopting a structured process, based on a few principles designed to unleash capacity, and empower local teams, a favorable environment was created for achieving results in a short period.
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Brazil's conditional cash transfer (CCT) program Bolsa Familia helped millions out of the poverty and is among the most effective social protection programs in the world, having helped raise approximately 20 million people out of poverty between 2003 and 2009 and well as significantly reducing income inequality.
... See More + In September 2010, at least 12.7 million families (or nearly 50 million people) were benefited by the program, according to Brazil's Ministry of Social Development and Hunger Alleviation. Bolsa Familia is a CCT program which provides direct cash transfers to poor families who keep their children in school and under regular medical supervision. By this, it seeks to reduce both immediate and future poverty. The Bolsa Familia Program was launched in October 2003, during Brazilian President Luiz Inascio Lula da Silva's first term, as the Government's flagship social program in support of his zero hunger initiative. In fact, Brazilian efforts to address the structural causes of poverty started in 1995, with municipal CCT programs, which led to the creation of several national CCT programs in the early 2000s. In 2003, four existing federal CCT programs were merged into Bolsa Familia. Since the programs inception in 2003, the World Bank played an important role in the consolidation of first phase of Bolsa Familia, when the program was supported by a US$572 million loan approved in 2004, to help develop, strengthen and expand Brazils flagship social protection program. In September 2010, the World Bank approved a US$200 million loan for the second phase of support to Brazils Bolsa Família, which aims to further strengthen Bolsa Familias ability to achieve its objectives of reducing poverty and inequality and promoting the use of education and health services of the poor population. Between 2003 and 2009, poverty (PPP $2 per day) has fallen from 22 percent of the population to 7 percent.
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Now in its fourth year, the Multisectoral Team Learning Program (MTL) aims to make Bank teams work together more effectively and build both client and staff capacities to address the complex challenges of reducing poverty.
... See More + Each MTL team works with a Team Learning Coach (TLC), and selected teams participate in the Outward Bound program. Task team leaders (TTls) receive additional guidance, training and other support tailored to meet the particular needs of the different regions. MTL also includes a knowledge outreach component that provides desk and online support on team-building and learning. This paper includes the following headings: the challenge; the World Bank Institute (WBI) intervention; underlying assumptions; evaluation method and instruments; participants and response rates; evaluation results; and conclusions and implications.
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A newly constructed comprehensive database of 122 targeted antipoverty interventions in 48 countries is used to examine the contested issue of the efficacy of targeting interventions in developing countries.
... See More + Though the median program transfers 25 percent more to poor individuals (those in the bottom two quintiles) than would universal allocation, a quarter of the interventions are regressive. Targeting is better in richer countries, in countries where governments are more likely to be held accountable, and in countries where inequality is higher. Interventions that use means testing, geographic targeting, and self- selection based on a work requirement are all associated with an increased share of benefits going to poor people. Proxy- means testing, community- based selection, and demographic targeting to children show good results on average but with wide variation. Self- selection based on consumption, demographic targeting to the elderly and community bidding show limited potential for good targeting. The substantial variation in targeting performance within specific program, types and specific targeting methods suggests that differences in implementation are also important factors in determining the success of targeting to poor individuals.
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This note looks at the challenge of capacity building in post conflict countries, including at options for creating capacity, and the trade-offs between speed, and longer-term impact, the need to ensure that aid management agencies include sunset provisions, and six proposed general lessons for more sustainable capacity building.
... See More + Rebuilding institutions is much more difficult than rebuilding damaged infrastructure. Capacity building is an enormous challenge, a challenge that requires imagination, cooperation, and hard work among those who seek to improve the conditions of conflict-affected countries.
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The analysis takes the functioning of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) within the Uganda public sector, rather than the needs and requirements of the external donor community, as its main point of departure.
... See More + The objective of M&E is seen as the improvement of the performance and effectiveness of government and its public service delivery system. M&E relates to more than the technical aspects of data collection: it ultimately derives its value not from the availability of accurate data per se, but from the way in which they are used to improve decision-making. M&E functions when it supplies managers with a flow of reliable information and analysis about what works and what doesn't as a basis for policy recommendations, optimizing resource allocation, refining institutional strategies, changing the mix of public service products or suppliers, assessing performance of staff, or underpinning accountability requirements. Because M&E addresses the performance of governments in responding to their citizens' needs and priorities, it is ultimately an issue of good public governance.
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Working Paper (Numbered Series) 38270 OCT 19, 2003
