The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) Appraisal Environmental and Social Review Summary Appraisal Stage (ESRS Appraisal Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 01/07/2020 | Report No: ESRSA00348 Jan 07, 2020 Page 1 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Burundi AFRICA P169315 Project Name Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Social Investment Project 1/13/2020 2/28/2020 Financing Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Ministry of Finance, National Office of Protection Budget and Economic of Refugees and Stateless Development Cooperation Persons (ONPRA) Proposed Development Objective(s) Public Disclosure The Project Development Objective is to improve nutrition, access to basic services and economic opportunities in the targeted areas. Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 60.00 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] Background Burundi is facing considerable development challenges. According to the Poverty Assessment of 2016 and the most recent national household survey, around 73 percent of the Burundian population is classified as poor. This is nearly double the average for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and for low-income countries. In 2018, Burundi ranked 138 out of 157 countries on the Human Capital Index (HCI) and 185 out of 189 countries on the Human Development Index. Burundi suffers from the highest stunting rate in the world (56 percent) and dietary diversity is well below minimum Jan 07, 2020 Page 2 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) acceptable levels. Despite having a formal legal system that ensures gender equality, women and girls face significant obstacles, including lower education and health outcomes. Women are also disadvantaged in the labor market where, especially in rural areas, they tend to be confined to lower paid employment. To emerge from its long-term, low-level equilibrium, Burundi will need to take parallel action to reduce poverty and address the drivers of fragility. During periods of stability Burundi has demonstrated that it can achieve robust gains in human and economic capital. However, in light of the current socio-political context, the main imperative is to help meet basic human needs and sustain the building blocks of human capital – health, education and nutrition – to prevent the present economic challenges from having inter-generational impacts. At the same time, efforts are required to address the drivers of fragility to help promote stability and growth. The World Development Reports of 2011 and 2017 highlight that this can be done by strengthening state-society relations through increased social inclusion and by building legitimate institutions with technical capacity and accountability. Burundi’s northern and eastern regions are among the poorest parts of the country. The three poorest provinces – Ruyigi, Muyinga and Cankuzo – are located in the north-east and have poverty rates of 85.4, 83.5 and 79.5 percent respectively measured against the national poverty line, well above the national average of 64.9 percent. Suffering from degraded and scarce land resources, high population density and isolation from centers of economic activity, the north-eastern provinces face acute food security and nutrition challenges. Access to basic infrastructure and services is also limited in the country, but particularly in the north-east. Forced displacement, including the presence of refugees, adds another dimension to Burundi’s development Public Disclosure challenges. In September 2019, Burundi was host to 85,894 refugees and asylum seekers, nearly all of whom are from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Of the refugee population, some of whom have been in the country since the 1990s, 48,269 live in one of the five refugee camps located in four north-eastern provinces (see Figure 1). The remaining 37,625 live outside the camps, mostly in Bujumbura. Eighty percent of the refugees are women and children. The refugee presence has had mixed impacts on host communities. On one hand it has caused environmental damage and depopulation of livestock and fish resources, strained basic services and created competition over basic resources such as water and firewood. On the other hand, host communities have also benefited from increased business and trade opportunities. In addition to the refugee presence, as of July 2019, there were 109,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the country. Assessments by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) highlight that IDPs face major challenges meeting basic needs and accessing basic services. Adding to the forced displacement challenge, large numbers of the more than 400,000 Burundians who fled the country after the 2015 political instability are now beginning to return. Since September 2017, over 79,311 Burundians have been assisted by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to return, mostly from Tanzania. A similar number is estimated to have come back of their own volition. Available data suggests that returnees face severe difficulties to restore their livelihood. Additional inflows of both refugees and returnees are expected in 2020. The Government of Burundi’s approach to refugees is mostly permissive and inclusive. The government is a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention. National law provides the right to work and freedom of movement, although for camp-based refugees there are some de facto restrictions on movement. Upon arrival, refugees are free to choose whether to live in or outside a camp. The government is now aiming to enhance the social and economic inclusion of refugees, while, at the same time, addressing development challenges in the north-eastern region. In April 2018, a government Inter-Ministerial Jan 07, 2020 Page 3 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) Committee (IMC) prepared a strategy to “improve the well-being of the host communities and promote the progressive self-reliance of the refugees with a view to strengthening social cohesion between the two communities.” In the strategy, the government committed to guarantee full freedom of movement in the project zone. It also calls for investments to boost economic livelihood and agro-pastoral production for refugees and surrounding communities and to address service deficits in health, education, water and sanitation. Project components The project will be implemented through four components, as follows: Component 1: Commune Development Grants (US$ 38.7 million equivalent). This component would enhance access to basic services, primarily by supporting investments in public infrastructure. The component comprises two sub- components: (a) facilitation and capacity-building: this will entail support to communities (including refugees), communes and colline (hill) councils to either prepare new or update existing Commune Development Plans (CDPs) through a participatory approach that involves refugees and marginalized groups. The project will help the communities and commune and colline councils to conduct participatory assessments to analyze development problems and identify solutions. This would include identifying priority subproject investments to address the impact of the refugee presence; and (b) Commune Development Grants: this sub-component will finance priority subprojects identified in the CDPs, such as construction and/or upgrading of health and education facilities, water supply and sanitation, market facilities, road upgrading, culture and sports, etc. In areas where refugees are present, the planning, monitoring and operations and maintenance will be led by joint refugee-host community groups to promote Public Disclosure equity and social cohesion. Component 2: Livelihood, Food Security & Nutrition (US$13 million equivalent): this component will employ a multi- pronged approach to enhance food security and nutrition by generating income, increasing food production and supporting behavior change for better nutrition. The component will also support self-reliance for refugees and host communities by promoting livelihood opportunities. Component 3: Project Management/M&E: this component would support and strengthen the technical and administrative capacity of the government to manage the project and to support the ongoing development of policy approaches to refugee inclusion. Component 4: Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC): Under the CERC, in the event of an eligible crisis or emergency, funds may be reallocated from other components of the project. This component, if activated, would finance rapid response measures and early recovery activities to address disaster, emergency and/or catastrophic events at the community level. The project will be implemented by the Ministry of Interior under the guidance of a multi-agency Project Steering Committee. It will target the four provinces that host the country's five refugee camps: Ruyigi, Cankuzo, Ngozi and Muyinga. Jan 07, 2020 Page 4 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Project location(s) and salient characteristics relevant to the ES assessment [geographic, environmental, social] The project will target the four provinces that host the country's five refugee camps, namely Muyinga (Kinama camp), Ngozi (Musasa), Cankuzo (Kavumu) and Ruyigi (Bwagiriza and Nyankanda camps). The different camps were established as early as 2002 and currently host 48,269 refugees and asylum seekers. The project provinces are in the north and central-eastern region of Burundi and are among the poorest in the country. Cankuzo (74.5%), Muyinga (78.6%) and Ruyigi (82.8%) are Burundi's three poorest provinces. Scarcity of resources such as land, exacerbated by population growth pressures, forest and soil degradation, and inequitable resource allocation leads to poverty and social tensions. Malnutrition and stunting rates are high. Across the country, refugees and host communities generally coexist peacefully. UNHCR facilitates quarterly refugee and host community committee meetings. Joint activities are common, such as businesses and mixed markets. Roughly 10 percent of host communities attend pre-school in the camps and some refugees seek medical treatment outside the camps in surrounding health centers. The refugee presence - and their access to humanitarian assistance - has had some positive spillover effects into the host communities. However, there have also been some negative impacts, including strain on health and education services and degradation of the local environment. Project interventions will target the areas in and around the camps that are most affected by the refugee presence. Subprojects for component one will be identified during implementation through a bottom up planning approach that, consistent with the government’s decentralization policy, will align with the process for formulating Commune Development Plans (CDPs). Anticipated investments include support for health, education, water and sanitation, Public Disclosure roads, markets, off-grid electrification, agricultural livelihood and entrepreneurship. Food security and nutrition will also be a major thrust of the project through component two subprojects. Beneficiaries will be identified through a combination of market analysis, available data on food security and nutrition and community consultations. An Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared to address potential risks and impacts of all project activities. The ESMF was informed by a social assessment that looked at contextual risks and wider social impacts as well as direct project impacts. Environmental and Social Impact Plans (ESIA) will be developed for identified activities to precisely identify risks, impacts and mitigation measures of the interventions. Indigenous People/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities are present in the project area. The borrower will design and implement the project in manner that provides those communities with equitable access to project benefits. Their concerns and preferences shall be submitted through meaningful consultations and integrated into the project design. D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity The Environmental Risk Classification of this project is substantial due to: (i) the complexity of impacts and risks generally observed in refugee camps and host communities; and (ii) the expected low institutional capacity of the (interim and new) PIU and Office Burundaise de la Protection de l'Environnement (OBPE). The new World Bank ESF will apply, complicating compliance challenges as – together with a renewable energy project – will be the first operation in Burundi prepared under the new framework. Project activities will be identified during implementation, and are expected to include increased agriculture production and livestock, upgrading of public infrastructure (schools, health centers, markets) and rehabilitation of roads. These activities will not result in significant and irreversible adverse impacts. Key environmental issues may include: scarcity of land for agriculture; limited access to Jan 07, 2020 Page 5 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) natural resources such as firewood; and risks related to construction waste management, noise and dust emissions from civil works. Low or no impacts on biodiversity and natural resources are expected during implementation, because project activities will mainly comprise upgrading and rehabilitation of public infrastructure To mitigate environmental risks, the World Bank has provided two days ESF training sessions on relevant ESSs to the environmental and social specialists of the (interim and new) PIUs as well as for OBPE and relevant entities involved into the project activities to help ensure compliance with environmental and social standards during the project life- cycle. This training and direct mentoring will continue during the implementation phase of the project. The ESCP has captured all relevant actions that will ensure ESS compliance. All relevant environmental and social instruments have been reviewed in draft version and under finalization with the client before final World Bank clearance and approval prior to project appraisal and disclosed in-country and on the World Bank website. II. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) Substantial Environmental Risk Rating Substantial The Environmental Risk Classification of this project is substantial due to: (i) the complexity of impacts and risks generally observed in refugee camps and host communities; and (ii) the expected low institutional capacity of the (interim and new) PIU and OBPE. The new World Bank ESF will apply, complicating compliance challenges. Project Public Disclosure activities will be identified during implementation, and are expected to include increased agriculture production and livestock, upgrading of public infrastructure (schools, health centers, markets) and rehabilitation of roads. These activities will not result in significant and irreversible adverse impacts. Key environmental issues may include: scarcity of land for agriculture; limited access to natural resources such as firewood; and risks related to construction waste management, noise and dust emissions from civil works. Low or no impacts on biodiversity and natural resources are expected during implementation because project activities will mainly comprise upgrading and rehabilitation of public infrastructure. The ESCP has captured all relevant actions that will ensure ESS compliance. All relevant environmental and social instruments (ESMF) have been reviewed in draft version and under finalization with the client before final World Bank clearance and approval prior to project appraisal and disclosed in-country and on the World Bank website. Social Risk Rating Substantial The Social risk rating of the project is substantial due to the particularly complex risks found in forced displacement situations. Refugees, IDPs, and returnees are vulnerable, often with minimal assets and limited access to basic services and employment. Eighty percent of refugees in Burundi are women and children, have lower educational attainment and have few income generating opportunities and would require a customized approach to ensure that they are included in project benefits and opportunities. Women and girls in situations of displacement are vulnerable to Gender based Violence (GBV) and exploitation, with many cases going unreported (Women’s Refugee Commission 2014). ESS2 and non-discrimination in access to employment opportunities for refugees will be a key issue in this project. Batwa (Indigenous Peoples) are present in the target provinces , and refugee Batwa from DRC may be Jan 07, 2020 Page 6 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) present in the refugee camps. Batwa that may be present in the refugee camps may be subject to particular disadvantage or exclusions. Land acquisition and involuntary displacement is unlikely to be required for the project activities as infrastructure will be small in nature or involve upgrading of existing facilities, although there may be temporary economic displacement. While social relations are generally smooth between refugees and host communities, some social tensions have emerged over access to humanitarian and development resources, contributing to negative perceptions between the host and refugee population. This risk will be mitigated by ensuring equitable access to project benefits for refugees and host communities. The project’s participatory planning process will also support partnership between different groups to enhance social cohesion. A Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) and a Labor Management Procedures (LMP) have been developed during project preparation to ensure inclusion of vulnerable or indigenous populations. The SEP includes differentiated measures to encourage the effective participation and dialogue between host and refugee populations, such as UNHCR's quarterly joint committees. Gender and GBV risk assessments were carried out during project preparation. The project was determined to have a moderate GBV risk level of GBV, based on available information, and a GBV Action Plan will be prepared prior to project activities beginning on the ground. The project has adopted an integrated approach to addressing social risks, which includes a focus on economic empowerment of women, promoting womens’ participation in decision-making, and GBV response and prevention. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Public Disclosure Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: Project activities under component 1 – Commune Development Grants – will increase access to services and socioeconomic Investments (including rehabilitation and construction of school buildings and/or additional classrooms and facilities for existing schools; construction and rehabilitation of health centers or an expansion or upgrading of existing health facilities; expansion/upgrading of water supply and sanitation facilities for refugees and host communities; road upgrading; market facilities; off-grid electrification, etc.) are expected to generate limited social and environmental risks and impacts that will be confined within the project area. Impacts will occur on specific sites where new social infrastructure will be constructed at the community level. The proposed activities in the health sector could increase the production of medical waste in the targeted health facilities and may adversely affect the environment and the local population if not managed and eliminated appropriately. The second component on Livelihood, Food Security and Nutrition will mainly focus on agriculture-based livelihood on existing agricultural land. Food security and nutrition as well as small livestock activities will also be incorporated into the first sub-component. This could lead to an increase in the use of pesticides and use of improved seeds for agricultural production. The processing of food in small investments could generate biological waste.The second sub- component of income-earning individual entrepreneurship or small investments will also cause minor impacts which shall be accordingly addressed through environmental instruments to be prepared in this project. The project/PIU will tackle the issue of discrimination and inclusion, marginalized and indigenous people (Batwa) groups during the implementation phase by prioritizing their access to benefits under both major components. These different groups have to be identified from the beginning and involved throughout the process of implementation activities. The government is considering earmarking funds for marginalized groups to ensure their needs are met through the project. Jan 07, 2020 Page 7 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA): As the exact project locations and subprojects will not be clearly defined during the project preparation phase, an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) was deemed as the most appropriate environmental and social risks assessment instrument for project preparation. The ESMF has defined the methodology and procedure for conducting environmental and social screening once the different infrastructure locations and subprojects are defined. The potential environmental and social risks and impacts are predictable, managable, low in magnitude, and site-specific. The ESMF has included a differentiated approach for the preparation of sub-projects proportionate to the risk of the sub-projects. A Social Assessment, as well as site-specific Environmental and Social Impact Assessments will be carried out in line with the requirements of the World Bank Environmental and Social Framework (ESF) and national laws and regulations. The ESMF instrument has clearly defined mitigation measures for construction and operational phases, measures to manage environmental and social impacts, occupational and community health and safety, for the construction works, including preparation of specific E&S instruments for the rehabilitation of social infrastructures. It also includes procedures on labor management and camp management where construction work requires that there are established, roles, and responsibilities, time and costs for each mitigation measure recommended. The project will apply the requirements of the Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines (EHSGs) (such as General EHSGs, EHSGs for Health Care Facilities, Water and Sanitation, and relevant guidelines for agribusiness/food production) and relevant good practice notes (GPN) (such as GPN for road safety; life and fire safety:hospitals) due mainly to the construction or rehabilitation of public infrastructure and operation of facilities. Construction contractors will be required, as a condition of their contracts with the Project, to implement and comply with ESMP in the ESS1 requirements. The preparation of the ESIAs/ESMPs will be initiated upon the conclusion of the feasibility studies and preliminary engineering designs and will be submitted for Bank's Public Disclosure review and clearance. The approved ESMP with the E&S clauses will be included in the civil works Bidding Documents and Enterprises contracts to allow the later to prepare the specific contractor ESMP before commencement of civil works. The Annex of the ESMF also includes a Medical Waste Management Plan (MWMP) drawing on the plans used under the ongoing KIRA health project to reduce risks and impacts of potential medical waste produced during the use of Health centers, in the ESS3. Under the second component on Livelihood, Food Security & Nutrition will support agriculture-based livelihood on existing agricultural land. This could lead to an increase in the use of pesticides and improved seeds for agricultural production. An acceptable and coherent Term of Reference to develop Integrated Pest Management Plan for Bank's review and clearance before launching this component in the ESS3 requirements is provided in ESMF as an annex. ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure In consultation with the Bank, the Borrower prepared a project-specific inclusive Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) proportional to the nature and scale of the project and associated risks and impacts identified. The SEP describes the timing and methods of engagement with stakeholders, identifies stakeholders and plans for an engagement process in accordance with ESS10. The SEP includes refugee population and host communities – other stakeholders identified early on in the engagement process. The SEP has defined the differentiated measures to allow the effective participation of and communication with of those identified as disadvantaged or vulnerable (refugees, IDPs, returnees, Batwa communities, the elderly, persons with disabilities, female headed households, child headed households, orphans and vulnerable children). A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) called the Complaints and Jan 07, 2020 Page 8 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) Response Mechanism (CRM) has been developed where beneficiaries are supported to submit any feedback or demand, or grievances, including in an anonymous way, if requested. The GRM has included a methodology to capture stakeholder feedback and opportunities for proposed future engagement, ensuring that all consultations are accessible, inclusive and through suitable channels in the local context (French, Kirundi, Swahili, relevant Congolese languages and materials relevant in a context of illiteracy). The SEP has been built to enhanced social cohesion and mutual trust between host and refugee populations, including local authorities. The project has proposed an appropriate institutional arrangements to carry out the stakeholder engagement process. Specific liaison officers has be identified at the PIU and the field level to coordinate and implement the SEP. Noting the existence of Batwa in both the host and refugee communities, the SEP and the grievance mechanism have been designed to be accessible to a wide diversity of stakeholder groups including also all groups in a way that is culturally appropriate, accessible and also responsive to the risk of GBV. B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions The project will involve direct workers, contracted workers, primary supply workers and community workers. All labor will be locally hired, except for skilled workers who cannot be found in the project locations. It is difficult to estimate the number of workers to be recruited as this will depend on the nature of subprojects to be selected by communities through the demand-driven, bottom-up planning process. Given that integration of host and refugee communities is a key outcome of the project, refugees will be eligible to work on project- financed activities and non- Public Disclosure discrimination measures will be included in the project. The project will adhere to Burundi´s Labor Code and WBG standards concerning labor conditions and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), including child labor. To ensure health and safety of workers during the construction and operational phases of the project, the client will develop a Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) plan as part of the ESMF, in line with World Bank Group Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines. The project ESMF also outlines a workers’ GRM as part of the Labor Management Procedures (LMP). The standards explained in the ESMF will also be included in work-specific ESMPs. These plans will include procedures on investigation and reporting of incidents of non-conformances, emergency preparedness and response procedures and continuous training and awareness-raising for workers. Individual construction activities will be limited in size and impact, and it is not expected that there would be a need for the establishment of workers camps. Contracts for all workers will include a code of conduct, which will be signed when hired. For works, and particularly high-labor intensive works, the recruitment of local workers may cause tensions between refugee and host communities. The project will establish criteria for beneficiary selection in labor-intensive activities before hiring begins, to ensure non-discrimination and equal opportunity, while the SEP will inform communication and feedback mechanisms. Given that the majority of refugees in camps consist of women and children, adverse social impacts such as gender-based violence, sexual exploitation, and discrimination in recruitment and remuneration have been assessed as part of the social assessment in the ESMF, and will be mitigated in the GBV Action Plan to be prepared prior to activities commencing on the ground. ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management Jan 07, 2020 Page 9 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) The project activities shall require energy consumption, water and raw material as well as generation of waste, including biomedical waste. It is expected that during the project implementation, limited air emissions will be generated from trucks on ground site, and fugitive dust will be generated during the dry season. Those most likely to be affected are workers and both (refugees and host) communities living within the proximity of construction/rehabilitation sites. The implementation of mitigation measures such as dust suppression and vehicle and truck maintenance shall be applied to minimize the impact of air emissions during construction/rehabilitation, and residual impacts are expected to be limited in scope and duration. Noise might be generated from the use of construction machinery and truck movements. The relatively short-term and small-scale nature of works suggest that noise levels will not be excessive or cause long-term nuisance. The construction civil works will, however, present short-term nuisance to some of the project sites. The ESMP to be prepared shall include mitigation measures to minimize and manage the noise levels, such as by applying standard restrictions to hours of site work. Construction/rehabilitation activities will generate solid waste which will primarily include excavated soil and solid wastes. All waste generated by the construction/rehabilitation works shall be disposed at approved sites, in accordance with national laws and regulations, which shall be complemented by ESS3 requirements. The construction part of the ESMP shall also provide all additional relevant mitigation measures to be taken during the implementation phase. Small units of transformation such as a soap factory, or briquette production will be covered by the management plan and ESS3. Waste and hazardous waste handling and disposal as a result of project activities might pose a substantial risk given the absence of waste management facilities in the country. Construction works have the potential to generate significant amount of solid waste at construction and decommissioning sites, including excess fill materials from Public Disclosure grading and excavation activities, scrap wood and metals, and small concrete spills. Hazardous solid waste could include machinery maintenance materials, such as used oil filters, and used oil, as well as spill cleanup materials from oil and fuel spills and residual containers contaminated by the chemical of pesticides and biomedical waste from health centers. Burundi currently has weak capacity in waste management. There are no licensed landfills or disposal facilities for hazardous waste. The only officially designated landfill is in the Mubone dump in Buterere Zone in the north of Bujumbura. Management/Mitigation Techniques for assessing the characteristics of the material to be excavated in the rehabilitation civil works and preventing and controlling hazardous and non-hazardous wastes will be detailed in the ESMPs and Waste Management Plans (WMPs) of specific sub-projects. The sub-project WMPs will identify appropriate locations for disposal of sanitary, solid and construction waste through application of screening criteria provided in the ESMF; appropriate design, assessment and management of risks and impacts, e.g. siting away from sensitive habitats or communities, consideration of soil type, and measures to control runoff. Additional mitigation measures will be identified and included as part of the site specific ESMPs. In the ESMF Annex, an acceptable Medical Waste Management Plan (MWMP) built-upon the experience of an existing World Bank-financed health project will be implemented in any health centers financed by the project. It is also proposed to prepare before the launch of component 2 activities an Integrated Pest Management Plan which will include: (i) a survey on the local bio-pesticides and agronomic technical practices to reduce the impacts of pests on the agriculture value chains in the project areas; (ii) appropriate actions to reduce the exposure of farmer groups to pesticides used in agricultural production systems; (iii) guidelines to be adopted on the possibility of agrochemical Jan 07, 2020 Page 10 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) application and disposal; (iv) training sessions to strengthen the capacity of different actors (farmers, local vendors, regional agricultural agents, etc.) on the use, storage and disposal of agrochemical products; and (v) a coherent budget available in the project financing. Impacts of the Project and its sub-components on water supply network/resources will be assessed as part of specific ESIAs and mitigation measures will be identified accordingly during project implementation. ESS4 Community Health and Safety The project’s civil works will mainly be undertaken in existing public infrastructures such as schools, health centers, and markets, ensuring the community´s health and safety throughout the construction phase is critical. Construction can disrupt beneficiaries such as school children and hospital patients through dust emission, noise, and increased generation of solid waste. Uncovered or unmarked pits such as excavated sites and trenches may pose potential threats to people and communities. The close proximity of project workers to these vulnerable groups increases the risk of adverse social impacts such as gender-based violence (GBV), sexual exploitation and the transmission of communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS on both (refugees and host) communities may also occur as a result of project activities. Any construction or rehabilitation of public infrastructure will ensure universal access. Management/Mitigation Construction and rehabilitation of public infrastructure will be bench-marked to national standards available at the Public Disclosure respective national line agencies, such as the Ministries of Health and Education. For all the construction work, it will be stipulated in the ESMP that the contractors should install a security system around the project sites and equipment (fences and security guards if necessary) during the entire construction period. The client and contractors will also be responsible for undertaking regular awareness raising to riparian communities on road safety and project site safety – such mitigation measures will be included in the ESMP. The contractor will also be responsible for implementing GBV/SEA mitigation measures that will be identified in the GBV/SEA Action Plan. The project will also conduct training for the communities designed to heighten awareness of environmental and social risks and impacts and mitigation measures. Prior to engaging security personnel, the Project will be responsible to prepare, adopt, and implement a stand-alone Security Personnel Management Plan consistent with the requirements of ESS4. ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement Small scale land acquisition or voluntary land donation is not expected, but may result from project activities. Works are expected to be limited to specific sites on new public facilities and upgrading of existing infrastructure within the perimeter of their lots. Given Burundi´s context of land scarcity and the community- based selection of project works, the project will screen proposed activities and avoid works requiring land acquisition and physical displacement of population, if possible. Construction of mixed markets and the rehabilitation and upgrading of access roads may cause limited economic resettlement such as loss of trees and crops, and temporary impacts on livelihood activities. An RPF has been prepared, consulted, and will be disclosed before appraisal. Work specific RAPs will be prepared as needed. No works will commence prior to the implementation of RAPs. Jan 07, 2020 Page 11 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources ESS6 is not relevant as there will be no project activities with expected direct or indirect risks or impacts on natural habitat, critical habitat, protected areas, and/or living natural resources. The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has demonstrated that no significant conversion or degradation of natural habitats is expected. Agricultural activities will occur on land previously used for agriculture and no clearance or loss of fauna & flora habitats is expected to result from the agricultural activities and construction/rehabilitation interventions. The ESMF has presented agriculture activities financed by the project as follows:(i) to restore previously lost natural habitats through agro-forestry and reforestation activities, and (ii) to integrate soil conservation needs and development priorities. ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities Batwa communities are present in the target provinces and are considered vulnerable and disadvantaged in Burundi. There may also be Batwa from DRC among the refugee population. An Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework was prepared, which examined potential risks, impacts, and benefits for both the Batwa in the host communities and those amongst the refugee population. Using a consultative approach, the IPPF identified measures to mitigate risks and ensure culturally acceptable benefits to Batwa populations both in the host and refugee populations, such as capacity strengthening for Batwa communities and households in participatory decision-making and citizen engagement, development and managment of subprojects, nutritional education and literacy improvment. Particular attention will need to be paid to additional disadvantages that Batwa refugees may face in terms of adverse impacts and/or exclusion from project benefits. The IPPF also explored the appropriate consultation methods for these Public Disclosure groups and examined culturally appropriate grievance mechanisms. These measures will be detailed in an Indigenous Peoples Plan (IPP) and will be incorporated into the project design including, but not limited to the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and the grievance mechanism. Project activities are not expected to cause relocation or impact resources or cultural heritage of Batwa groups and this will be avoided wherever possible. Should relocation be strictly necessary it will be subject to Free, Prior and Informed Consent, consistent with the ESS Guidelines. ESS8 Cultural Heritage ESS8 is relevant as the project activities will focus on the integration of communities with different cultural intangible heritages – such as language, history, school curricula, and health practices. The ESIA will include specific analysis on relevant tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Given specific subproject sites will not be identified until the project is implemented, it is unknown if there is any presence of culturally significant sites associated with the project. Chance find procedures are included in the ESMF and will be incorporated into subsequent ESMPs. ESS9 Financial Intermediaries This ESS is not relevant as FIs will not take part in project activities. B.3 Other Relevant Project Risks Both refugees and host communities in Northeast Burundi suffer from high levels of poverty and limited access to services. Even though the relations between refugee and host communities in Burundi are generally positive, the Jan 07, 2020 Page 12 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) pressure on environmental resources and basic services may create tensions between the two groups. Host communities, and in particular vulnerable groups such as IDPs and returnees, could harbor resentment against the refugee population for receiving benefits or resources. The joint planning and implementation of project activities can reinforce social cohesion and minimize tension between the two groups. The project will need to establish and communicate clear criteria for beneficiary selection in labor-intensive activities in order to avoid discrimination and fueling tensions. Given the country’s land-scarcity, agriculture activities may also need to be monitored to avoid tensions. Eighty percent of refugees in Burundi are women and children and they face particular challenges. Female refugees generally have lower educational attainment and have fewer income generating opportunities. Women and girls are vulnerable to Gender based Violence (GBV) between both refugees and host communities with many cases going unreported (Women's Refugee Commission 2014). A gender and GBV assessment has been conducted during project preparation to identify a systemic approach to the mitigation of social risks with emphasis on GBV. C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways No Water supply subprojects will be based only in Burundian watersheds and will not draw on or pollute international waterways. OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No III. BORROWER’S ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL COMMITMENT PLAN (ESCP) Public Disclosure DELIVERABLES against MEASURES AND ACTIONs IDENTIFIED TIMELINE ESS 1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts An Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) was prepared prior to Appraisal. Once site-specific subprojects have been identified, Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) will be prepared following guidelines in the ESMF. ESMF annexes include a Medical Waste 01/2020 Management Plan (MWMP) and the Terms of Reference for a Pesticide Management Plan (PMP) that will be prepared before the launch of activities. The Pesticide Management Plan (PMP) document will be prepared consistent with the TOR in the 03/2020 ESMF and available prior to the start of any activity at the project site. Incorporate the relevant aspects of the ESCP, including the relevant E&S documents and/or plans, and the Labor Management Procedures, into the ESHS specifications of the procurement documents with contractors. 05/2020 Ensure contractors develop, consult and adopt a contractor ESMPs in a manner acceptable to the Association. Jan 07, 2020 Page 13 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) Thereafter ensure that the contractors comply with the ESHS specifications of their respective contracts. A Social Assessment will be prepared, consulted and disclosed, to inform project planning and 12/2020 implementation. ESS 10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure An initial Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) was prepared prior to Appraisal. The SEP will be incorporated into the project’s management system, and adequate staffing and budget allocated to 01/2020 implementing the SEP. The SEP will be revised, updated and redisclosed periodically to reflect ongoing evolution of project planning and implementation and related stakeholder consultations. The first update will occur prior 06/2020 to Board effectiveness. ESS 2 Labor and Working Conditions Labor Management Procedures (LMP) have been developed for the Project prior to Appraisal. They 01/2020 will be implemented prior to any project activities beginning. Grievance mechanism for Project workers operational prior to engaging Project workers and 03/2020 maintained throughout Project implementation Public Disclosure OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OHS) MEASURES: Prepare, adopt, and implement occupational, 03/2020 health and safety (OHS) measures specified in the ESMP. ESS 3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management TORs annexed to the ESMF to prepare a Pest and Pesticide Management Plan (PMP) 03/2020 Medical Waste Management Plan (MWMP) is available as an annex to the ESMF for health centers 01/2020 funded through the project. Waste management of construction will be set out in a specific environmental and social document for 03/2020 the selected sub-projects (such as the ESMP). ESS 4 Community Health and Safety Adopt and implement measures and actions to assess and manage traffic and road safety risks as 03/2020 required in the ESMPs. Prepare, consult, adopt, and implement a stand-alone Gender-Based Violence Action Plan (GBV Action Plan) to assess and manage the risks of gender-based violence (GBV) and sexual exploitation and 06/2020 abuse (SEA). ESS 5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement Jan 07, 2020 Page 14 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) Prepare, adopt, and implement resettlement policy framework (RPF) in accordance with ESS5 01/2020 Prepare, consult, adopt, and implement resettlement plans (RPs) in accordance with ESS5 and 05/2020 consistent with the requirements of the Resettlement Framework (RF) The grievance mechanism (GM) to address resettlement related complaints as described in the RPF 03/2020 and SEP is adopted and set up. ESS 6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources N/A - No Biodiversity Management Plan required, in accordance with the guidelines of the ESMF prepared for the Project. ESS 7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities An Indigenous Peoples Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) was prepared prior to Appraisal. Indigenous Peoples Plans will be prepared as necessary prior to activities beginning on the ground in 01/2020 zones where indigenous peoples are present ESS 8 Cultural Heritage Prepare the chance finds procedure described in the ESMF developed for the Project for inclusion in 03/2020 ESCPs, prior to any works commencing on the ground. Public Disclosure ESS 9 Financial Intermediaries NA B.3. Reliance on Borrower’s policy, legal and institutional framework, relevant to the Project risks and impacts Is this project being prepared for use of Borrower Framework? No Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: The Borrower has a relevant legal framework for addressing environmental and social risks and impacts. However, its capacity through policies and institutional arrangements is limited, particularly as it will require oversight over a number of implementing agencies from the public and private sector. As such, reliance on the borrower’s E&S framework is not considered to be appropriate. IV. CONTACT POINTS World Bank Contact: Pierre Olivier Colleye Title: Sr Agricultural Spec. Jan 07, 2020 Page 15 of 16 The World Bank Burundi North-East Region Refugee and Host Community Support Project (P169315) Telephone No: 473-5039 Email: pcolleye@worldbank.org Contact: Amadou Alassane Title: Sr Agricultural Spec. Telephone No: 5399+6238 / Email: aalassane@worldbank.org Contact: Matthew Stephens Title: Senior Social Development Specialist Telephone No: 5220+32874 / Email: mstephens@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Ministry of Finance, Budget and Economic Development Cooperation Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: National Office of Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons (ONPRA) V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Public Disclosure Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects VI. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Pierre Olivier Colleye, Amadou Alassane, Matthew Stephens Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Africa Eshogba Olojoba Cleared on 30-Dec-2019 at 16:21:25 EST Jan 07, 2020 Page 16 of 16