TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 TDRP Quarterly Report FY15-16: APRIL–JUNE 2016 1 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 Table of Contents Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Summary of Activities..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Technical Assistance and Financing of Reinsertion/Reintegration Operations ........................................... 4 African Union DDR Capacity Program ............................................................................................................... 4 Central African Republic ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Democratic Republic of Congo .............................................................................................................................. 6 Republic of Mali ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Republic of South Sudan .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Republic of Yemen .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Knowledge Management ............................................................................................................................................ 10 Federal Republic of Nigeria: Recovery and Peace-building Assessment ................................................ 10 Program Management and Status of Trust Fund ................................................................................................ 11 Progress of No-Cost Extension ............................................................................................................................. 11 World Bank Staff and Consultants ..................................................................................................................... 13 Status of Trust Fund and Disbursement Rate .................................................................................................. 13 2 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 ACRONYMS AU African Union AUDDRCP African Union DDR Capacity Program APSA African Peace and Security Architecture BICC Bonn International Center for Conversion CAR Central African Republic CMU Country Management Unit DDR Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration DDRR Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration and Reinsertion DfID Department for International Development DFM Directorate of Finance and Material DRC Democratic Republic of Congo ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework FAO Food and Agriculture Organization ICRS Information, Counselling and Referral System INPP Institut National de Préparation Professionnelle MDTF Multi Donor Trust Fund MINUSCA United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic MINUSMA United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali MIS Management Information Systems MONUSCO United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo NDDRC National Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Commission PAD Project Appraisal Document PIU Project Implementation Unit PSO Peace Support Operation RBPA Recovery and Peace Building Assessment REC Regional Economic Communities RM Regional Mechanism ToR Terms of Reference UEPNDDR Unité d’Exécution du Programme National de Désarmement, Démobilisation et Réintégration UNDPA United Nations Department of Political Affairs UNDPKO United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations 3 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 I. Summary of Activities During the third quarter, TDRP activities covered technical assistance, operational and financial support in Central African Republic [CAR], Democratic Republic of Congo [DRC], Republic of Mali and Republic of South Sudan, in addition to the ongoing assistance provided to the African Union [AU] Peace and Security Department in coordination with the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations. Activities delivered through the African Union DDR Capacity Program [AUDDRCP] centered on coordination for Phase II of the program and ongoing knowledge management activities. In CAR, preparations are currently underway for Bank involvement through a community-based socio- economic reinsertion program. Reinsertion processes are being operationalized in DRC and for their respective projects. Meanwhile, the task team is also currently preparing for technical assistance on Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration [DDR] to South Sudan and lending expertise to similar processes in Yemen. In addition, upon invitation from the United Nations, the TDRP Manager attended the Eighth Annual United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations /Special Political Missions Senior DDR Officers’ Meeting during June 13-15th 2016 in New York, NY with the following objectives: i. Convene with DDR Chiefs of Mali, CAR and DRC as well as the Desk Officer for Yemen on steps going forward. ii. Lead session on June 14, 2016 on “Working with Partners” to clarify working relations with DDR partners and how to identify and broaden partnerships. II. Technical Assistance and Financing of Reinsertion/Reintegration Operations: African Union DDR Capacity Program Based on internal review of the first phase of AUDDRCP, the objective for the next phase has been determined to enable increased leadership role of institutions belonging to the African Peace and Security Architecture [APSA] in addressing DDR issues in the continent. This direction would encapsulate a shift towards providing operational support to member states based on the capacity built during Phase I. Moving forward, this support will continue to promote engagement on planned activities and collaborate with other stakeholders, emphasizing particularly on the role of AU field missions. The technical planning meeting on Phase I of AUDDRCP held between the AU, UNDPKO and the TDRP team of the World Bank on February 8-12, 2016 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia led to the development of the three-year DDR plan for Phase II of the program. Following this, the task team outlined the new project objective, outcomes to measure implementation as well as output indicators guiding the development of activities. The project document was due for a presentation to solicit further inputs at the Experts’ Workshop on New Priorities and Emerging Issues on DDR, initially 4 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 scheduled for May 2016 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. However, given funding constraints, the workshop has been postponed to a later date and the draft document will be finalized by the team instead, with a task team mission being tentatively planned for September. The AU DDR Progress and Practice Brief summarizing best practices and lessons from the past three years of implementing AUDDRCP has been finalized and published. Currently, the task team is working to disseminate copies to various embassies based in Addis Ababa, Peace Support Operations and Regional Economic Communities. The theme of the Sixth Issue of the AU DDR Newsletter is “Linkages with DDR and Other Peace and Security Initiatives.” It highlights initiatives intertwined with the implementation of DDR activities in the region. This includes Peace Support Operations [PSO] such as the African Union-led Regional Cooperation Initiative for the Elimination of the LRA, the Multinational Joint Task Force Against Boko Haram and control of circulation of small arms and light weapons during national transitions to post-conflict. The newsletter is currently being finalized and will be made available during the first week of July 2016. Additionally, the Operational Guidance Notes on “Foreign Fighters” and “Countering Violent Extremism” have been drafted by the World Bank task team. They will now be subjected to a peer review process by a panel drawn from the Centers of Excellence and APSA institutions prior to finalization. Beyond its current work plan, the task team continues to support AU Peace and Security Department in analyzing and responding to the current situation in South Sudan and Central African Republic on their respective peace agreements, implications on peace-building and opportunities and challenges in light of upcoming DDR programming. Central African Republic During this quarter, TDRP team undertook a mission in CAR during June 11–29, 2016 to provide technical support to the Government for the implementation of an inclusive Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration and Repatriation [DDRR] program. The mission met with the Government, United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in CAR [MINUSCA], armed group signatories, as well as other bilateral donor partners. The objective of this mission was to discuss the challenges hindering the implementation of the planned DDRR program and propose relevant solutions to move the project preparation forward. Major identified priorities for the Government include developing a clear communication strategy on DDRR action plan, as well as enabling a dialogue with armed groups and host communities and sensitizing them to DDRR. TDRP team also emphasized the need for the Government to formulate synergies between DDRR and Security, Sector Reforms [SSR] to leverage the success of both activities, and to define a roadmap on integration and repatriation components. 5 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 The reintegration component will include vocational training and assistance to host-communities and local authorities through livelihoods support, rehabilitation of economic infrastructure, with particular emphasis on vulnerable groups and those displaced. The project is estimated to cost 30M USD, of which the Bank would provide 15M USD to support socio-economic reintegration for approximately 7,000 beneficiaries, including communities. The remainder will be channelled through further donor coordination. In order to define the legal and institutional framework on DDRR, the TDRP team and MINUSCA provided some technical assistance to the Government to finalize two decrees for approval prior to initiating DDRR operations. The first draft decree defines the organization, status and responsibilities of the relevant committees making key strategic and political decisions on DDRR, Security Sector Reform [SSR] and National Reconciliation, as well as their linkages to each other. The second describes and organizes the structure, role and responsibilities of the DDRR Project Technical Implementation Unit. The team is currently providing recommendations on the content of the draft legislative decrees, especially on reintegration and fiduciary obligations. A comprehensive DDRR plan, as requested by the government, approved by all the parties is expected to be submitted by the end of July. To that end, the TDRP team together with MINUSCA and CAR technical officials were tasked by the Country Management Unit (CMU) and the Minister for DDR, SSR and Reconciliation to develop Terms of Reference [ToR] for a small working group comprised of experts from the World Bank, MINUSCA and the Government to finalize the DDRR strategic document and initiate inclusive dialogue with armed groups over a span of two weeks. The ToR was finalized by the team on June 30, 2016, and presented to the President by the World Bank Country Manager on July 1, 2016. Upcoming actions include organizing a DDRR workshop during September 2016 in Bangui, and drafting relevant project documents. That being said, there is still further groundwork to be done to have the representatives of armed groups fully engaged in the preparation of the DDR and SSR programs. Democratic Republic of Congo This quarter, TDRP team undertook two implementation support missions to Kinshasa in April 18- 22 and June 28-July 4 respectively to support the DRC Reinsertion and Reintegration Project. Whilst the project is progressing according to the initial plan devised during the preparation phase, continued disturbances in Eastern DRC hindered its implementation during the quarter. As of June 28, the Project had disbursed 39% of the total grant amount of 21.5M USD— 56% of the 6.5M USD Swedish contribution through TDRP and 31% of the 15M USD IDA allocation. Given delays in disbursement, the grant deadline of the TDRP funding was extended from June 30, 2016 to August 31, 2016. The first mission conducted a review of the procurement, financial management and safeguards components of the project. The World Bank specialist assigned to the project rated its procurement 6 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 performance as moderately satisfactory and validated the updated procurement plan. Financial management was marked moderately satisfactory whilst risk remains substantial owing to uncertainties and inherent variables associated with the project. With regards to safeguards, the project finalized the process of recruiting a consultant to produce the Environmental and Social Management Framework [ESMF], scheduled to begin in early July alongside the baseline study. As of June 2016, a total of 4,800 demobilized ex-combatants had completed their training in the Reinsertion Preparation Centers and are ready to move back to their communities and begin their reintegration process. However, security concerns and disturbances in Eastern DRC prevented the government from returning those demobilized back to their communities of origin. The extended period of time spent by ex-combatants during demobilization and government delays in enabling the transfer led to resentment and escalated violence in the region. As of June 20, 2016, the government determined that the situation was sufficiently stable to transfer the demobilized ex- combatants to their communities of their choice. Consequently, Unité d’Exécution du Programme National de Désarmement, Démobilisation et Réintégration [UEPNDDR] held technical discussions with the government, United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo [MONUSCO], the Bank and other donor partners to coordinate transport, communication and reintegration activities for the assigned group of demobilized ex-combatants. It is currently finalizing the procurement process for implementing partners in their assigned communities and begin implementation by late-July to early-August. In addition, with regards to family support for the dependents of ex-combatants, UEPNDDR is currently preparing strategies and ToRs for firms in charge of relevant activities. Given the political sensitivities, a coordination meeting was held between donors, UEPNDDR and MONUSCO, DDRRR to share information and align communications on DDRIII. The Deputy Special Representative to the UN Secretary General and the World Bank Country Director joined these discussions to lend their support to discussions with the government as well. Republic of Mali During April 1–16, a TDRP team visited Bamako to conduct an Appraisal Mission and a Decision Meeting, for the Mali Reinsertion of Ex-Combatants Project, that was chaired by the Country Director Paul Noumba on April 8. The team was authorized to move on to project appraisal subject to: i. Clarifying the implementation arrangements to allow proper assessment of the capacity of the Project Implementation Unit [PIU], and ii. Seeking clarity on engagement from the Government in mobilizing funds by inviting donors to a round table. The first requirement on implementation arrangements was fully achieved. Following the DM recommendations, the Bank task team has worked with the Government on two fronts: i. Verifying the status of institutional arrangements, and 7 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 ii. Assessing the fiduciary capacity of the ministry that will be hosting the PIU for the project. Given that the National Commission for DDR will report to the Prime Minister, as per its decree signed in December 2015, it was agreed with the Government that the PIU will be housed at the Office of the Prime Minister. The assessment of the Financial Management and Procurement capacities of the assigned Directorate of Finance and Material [DFM] was completed by the World Bank in June 2016. The WB FM specialist rated the overall financial management risks as substantial, while the overall unmitigated risk for procurement has been rated high due to the low capacity of the DFM to manage the procurement activities of the project. It is worth mentioning that an action plan to address the identified risks for procurement has been designed by the WB Procurement specialist in order to reach a moderate residual risk level. The second condition was not fully satisfied by end of June 2016, although the situation continues to improve. The proposed IDA allocation of 15M USD cannot cover the total estimated cost of US$ 50 million to support reinsertion activities for 10,000 beneficiaries and their communities. Therefore, the government intends to call for donor support through a fundraising round table by end of July 2016 to address the financial gap, as advised by the Country Director. Some multilateral and bilateral development partners have already expressed interest in supporting DDR. To that end, with technical support from TDRP and MINUSMA, the interim DDR Working Group has finalized the DDR Program Document and its accompanied presentation, which were made available to the Government. The World Bank task team also was asked by the Minister of Defence to assist his officials in preparing a conceptual document for organizing the donors round table. The Bank stands ready to administer a new multi-donor trust fund [MDTF] or utilize an existing MDTF program such as the TDRP to channel donor contributions. An appraisal completion note, accompanied with the revised Project Appraisal Document [PAD], will be shared as soon as the second requirement is met, should the donors round table occur by end of July 2016 as advised. To inform the project design, TDRP commissioned two different local NGOs for the following deliverables: i. A representative sample survey was conducted by Nouveaux Horizons, through close collaboration with traditional and local communities, to obtain preliminary profile information on combatants and armed group leaders in Timbuktu, Gao, Kidal, Taoudeni, Menaka and Mopti. The final report, completed in early-April 2016, informs on the prevailing trends pertaining to the profile of combatants— their perception of reinsertion activities, concerns and interests, as well as their social and educational background. ii. A market analysis report on the cost of reinsertion activities in the 5 northern regions of Mali —Timbuktu, Gao, Kidal, Taoudeni and Menaka— was completed by the Association Malienne pour la Survie au Sahel in May 2016. The data from this report underlines average start-up kits and training costs for identified income-generating activities including 8 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 agriculture, livestock rearing, merchandise trade, handicraft, masonry, carpentry, and transportation. In addition, the World Bank has been providing technical support to MINUSMA in Management Information Systems [MIS] since April to develop an advanced and user-friendly data system called the Information, Counselling and Referral System [ICRS]. This system will capture biometrics as well as the individual ex-combatants’ biographical data and aspirations for reinsertion. The TDRP team has been collaborating with MINUSMA, DDR Working Group, as well as technical representatives of Government and armed groups, to identify information needed to be captured for the project. The system is expected to be ready by August 2016. Republic of South Sudan During 2011-14, TDRP coordinated with the South Sudan National Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Commission [NDDRC] to manage the reintegration component of its pilot DDR program. The program served 290 former SPLA soldiers across the four states in the country’s Northwest region. Following the most recent conflict, the Bank supported NDDRC in drafting a new Harmonized Reintegration Strategic Plan providing specific recommendations targeting various sub- categories of ex-combatants and conflict-affected groups. Given continued demand for Bank engagement in DDR in South Sudan, TDRP has been preparing a technical assistance project funded through TDRP and bank allocation to provide demand-driven technical and advisory support to the South Sudan NDDRC and concerned parties on DDR. Aforementioned objective can be realized through the following activities: i. Technical engagement with the NDDRC and other partners to develop an appropriate approach towards DDR in South Sudan by also reflecting on ‘non-traditional’ DDR policy options ii. Engagement with development partners such as the United Nations Department of Political Affairs [UNDPA], UNDPKO, United States State Department, UK Department for International Development [DfID], Bonn International Center for Conversion [BICC] and others to align communication and support ongoing efforts towards a common DDR strategic plan. This includes Bank participation in outreach, discussions and activities guiding the ‘security transition’ in South Sudan to ensure readiness for DDR operation. iii. Upgrading the ICRS to facilitate registration and verification of ex-combatants and provide vital briefing, orientation, casework, counselling and referral for ex-combatants throughout the DDR process. The previous ICRS will be modified to cover a larger caseload across approximately 36 cantonment sites, after a national DDR strategic plan is agreed upon. The TDRP task team also prepared a note on “Understanding DDR in South Sudan” that aims to provide an understanding of DDR efforts in South Sudan from the Bank’s perspective since 2013. This internal note provides a general overview of DDR programmes and their importance in post- conflict transitions. It provides details on previous DDR efforts during 2008-2011 and 2011-2014, 9 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 with emphasis on lessons learned, recommendations and stakeholder engagement for a common DDR approach. To that end, assuming national ownership, integrating DDR-SSR into broader stabilization agenda, using innovative technologies, aligning communication strategies and exploring non-standard approaches are critical to developing the new DDR approach in South Sudan. The TDRP was represented at the workshop on International Support to Cantonment and DDR in South Sudan during May 17-18, 2016 in Washington, DC. The workshop elaborated principles for support to cantonment and DDR, and objectives and activities for a long-term DDR program. This session followed on previous efforts that developed the concepts and constraints under which DDR in South Sudan should be conducted. Participants included the U.S. State Department, USAID, DfID, BICC, the World Bank, and the UNDPA. A potential DDR program will be conducted in four stages— initial cantonment and registration of forces [6-12 months], wider rollout of programs to support both individual and community-focused demobilization, reunification and reduction in forces. Republic of Yemen The TDRP team received a request to provide cross-sectoral support to the World Bank MENA region to plan for DDR in Yemen. The TDRP team responded to this request by: i. Providing input on moving forward in line with international best practice and experiences in a brainstorming session lead by Yemen’s Country Management Unit [CMU] at the World Bank and, ii. Composing a short note on potential DDR engagement framework in Yemen based on past TDRP experiences III. Knowledge Management Federal Republic of Nigeria: Recovery and Peace-building Assessment Upon official request from the Government of Nigeria, a Recovery and Peace Building Assessment [RPBA] was launched in January 2016 to conduct a rapid assessment of the crisis recovery and peace- building needs in the region. In accordance with the 2008 Joint EU-UN-WB Declaration on Post Crisis Assessments and Recovery Planning, the European Union and United Nations partnered in this assessment. The RPBA sought to inform a collective vision and strategy on peace building and recovery, and to provide a framework for coordinated and coherent support to assist conflict affected people in the North East Nigeria. It covered the six conflict-affected North East states, including Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, Gombe, Taraba and Bauchi. The assessment was conducted across three interlinked components, namely: i. peace-building, stability and social cohesion; ii. infrastructure and social services; and iii. economic recovery. 10 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 The TDRP team, based on its rich experience in de-radicalization and DDR in conflict and post- conflict scenarios, provided valuable inputs to the peace-building, stability and social cohesion component of the assessment. The TDRP team supported the joint RPBA team in completing the detailed needs analysis and implementation strategy of the above-mentioned component. Operational responses suggested by the TDRP team regarding reconciliation, peace-building, community cohesion and violence prevention were also included in the overall recovery framework of the assessment. On 12 April 2016, the Office of the Vice President in Nigeria official endorsed the assessment findings and recognized the successful completion of the RPBA assessment for the North East. IV. Program Management and Status of Trust Fund Progress of No-Cost Extension During this quarter, the TDRP task team proposed and began executing a year-long no-cost extension to the Trust Fund from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017. The World Bank has provided internal clearances and the administrative agreements have been received by donor partners for counter-signatures. Below is the action plan for the proposed extension of the Trust Fund and achievement of its objectives: a. Plan for Transfer of AUDDRCP Activities to the African Union: From the first phase of the World Bank support through AUDDRCP since 2013, the TDRP task team created the core capacity of the AU Defense and Security Division to emphasize DDR activities. AU’s plans for the upcoming fiscal year are centered on providing operational support to its Member States, Regional Economic Communities [REC] and Regional Mechanisms [RM], and PSOs; institutional training and partnerships; and knowledge development and management. The following activities are planned for the proposed TDRP extension period with the funds earmarked for transfer to the African Union: i. Prepare Communication Strategy for Knowledge Products: The task team will support AU in preparing the strategy to disseminate evidence-based knowledge materials. The task team will further coordinate to identify suitable knowledge architecture to store, access and share DDR experiences worldwide. ii. Produce Training Program and Manual: The task team will continue to design trainings for RECs, the APSA, Centers of Excellence and member states. To ensure that best practices are embedded across AU and APSA partners, the program will utilize a knowledge management system to develop operational guidance and policy on important thematic areas. In addition, it will train experienced staff, conduct capacity-building through Training of Trainers programs, collaborate to publish training manuals and identify gaps in learning that will enable the division to initiate its own training programs. 11 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 iii. Strengthening cross-institutional knowledge transfer through joint assessment, planning and mentoring: The task team will assist the AU towards creating mechanisms for mentoring missions for RECs and member states, and selecting staff for secondment to PSOs or placement within Liaison Offices to lend expertise to member states. Whilst the task team expects to transition its various responsibilities and deliverables to AU following the proposed extension period, it remains available to provide technical support later as needed. b. Technical Assistance to Republic of Mali Through seed technical assistance funded by the TDRP Trust Fund, the task team has made significant progress in enabling government and stakeholder readiness in launching the DDR Program. The Bank is planning to provide IDA support to the national DDR program in Mali. Budget earmarked for Mali will finance technical assistance missions, developing programmatic documents, and supporting the Government in the preparation of the national program. c. Technical Assistance to Central African Republic The TDRP task team has been collaborating with the UN Peacekeeping Mission in CAR, MINUSCA, on establishing a DDR program prior to the signing of “Republican Pact for Peace, national reconciliation and reconstruction in the Central African Republic” and “Agreement on the Principles of Disarmament, Demobilizations, Reintegration and Repatriation [DDRR]” between the government and armed groups. Given government prioritization of DDR, during the proposed extension period, the funds earmarked for CAR will finance technical assistance and provide support to the development of an IDA-financed socio-economic reintegration operation in CAR. d. Technical Assistance to South Sudan The TDRP task team had worked alongside the South Sudan National DDR Commission on redesigning the National DDR Strategy and Program. Whilst conditions for new DDR program in South Sudan are yet to be conducive, there exists international support and demand for Bank involvement in the dialogue and technical assistance to DDR affairs in South Sudan. In this context, the earmarked funds will be used to ensure ongoing technical engagement with stakeholders in South Sudan. e. Additional Requests Past successes in responding to technical assistance requests in Libya and Somalia raises further demand in affected countries to deliver quality technical work as a rapid response mechanism and the program will continue to address demands as they arise. f. Trust Fund Administration 12 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 Minimal trust fund administrative costs have been allocated to continue regular reporting to donors, disseminate communication materials to showcase end-results, and conduct donor meetings. World Bank Staff and Consultants Staff Members Notes Abderrahim Fraiji TDRP Manager & Senior Operations Officer, Washington D.C. Benjamin Social Development Specialist, Burckhart Washington D.C. Caroline Guazzo Language Program Assistant, 50% of task time towards TDRP Washington D.C. Operations Murat Onur Social Development Specialist, 30% of task time towards TDRP Washington D.C. Operations Consultants Djeina Kalidi Social Development Analyst, Bamako, DDR Operations in Mali and CAR Mali Faizaa Fatima Social Development Consultant, TDRP Focal Point and other Washington, D.C. Operations Farwah Qasim Social Development Consultant, DDR Activities in CAR, South Washington, D.C. Sudan, Nigeria and others as requested Jinghua Zhou Social Development Consultant, 50% of task time towards Washington D.C. deliverables based on client demand Lina Abdullahi Liaison Officer, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia AUDDRCP Linda Kiriinya Social Development Consultant, DDR Operations in South Sudan, Nairobi, Kenya DRC and Somalia Olivier Mukarji Senior Advisor, Copenhagen, Denmark AU and other tasks as demanded by the client Graham Senior Advisor to Dr. Tarek A. Sharif, Carrington Head of Defense and Security Division, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia N.B.: Consultants are not paid entirely by the TDRP Trust Fund, but as well as through bank budget for DDR operations across UN-WB Trust Fund, CAR, DRC, Mali, South Sudan etc. Status of Trust Fund and Disbursement Rate During this quarter, contributions to TDRP trust fund remained at 42,583,887.89 USD, with disbursement reaching 92.3 percent at 39,312,311 USD. The remaining balance of 3,271,576 USD 13 TDRP Quarterly Report April-June 2016 includes 2,832,603 USD of the Government of Sweden’s contribution to co-finance the DRC Reinsertion and Reintegration Project activities. $40,000,000 $38,000,000 $36,000,000 $34,000,000 $32,000,000 $30,000,000 $28,000,000 $26,000,000 $24,000,000 $22,000,000 $20,000,000 $18,000,000 $16,000,000 $14,000,000 $12,000,000 $10,000,000 $8,000,000 $6,000,000 $4,000,000 $2,000,000 $0 Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Jul-14 Mar-15 Mar-16 Jul-10 Nov-10 Jul-11 Nov-11 Jul-12 Nov-12 Jul-13 Nov-13 Nov-14 Jul-15 Nov-15 14