FACT SHEET NATURE-BA SED SOLUTIONS FOR DISA STER RISK MANAGEMENT Photo by Stefan/Flickr T H E WORLD B AN K NATUR E-B A SED sectors, NBS can be applied as green infrastructure strategies that S O LU T I ONS PR O G R AM work in harmony with gray infrastructure systems. NBS can also support community well-being, generate benefits for the environment, Established in 2017, the World Bank NBS Program informs and enables and make progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the World Bank operational teams and clients to make use of natural and ways that these gray infrastructure systems alone cannot. modified ecosystems for functional purposes, to reduce risks associated with natural hazards and achieve other development objectives. Though NBS have yet to be fully integrated into decision-making or to compel widespread in­vestment in developing countries, this WEB SIT E : www.naturebasedsolutions.org is on the brink of change. Developing countries and their partners CONTACT: (including multilateral development banks and bilateral agencies) are increasingly utilizing NBS in DRM, as well as in water security, urban Brenden Jongman bjongman@worldbank.org sustainability, and other development projects. Denis Jordy djordy@worldbank.org These growing numbers of NBS projects offer lessons and insights Boris van Zanten bvanzanten@worldbank.org to help mainstream NBS into development decision-making. As more disaster risk managers understand and integrate well-designed NBS into DRM projects, more finance can be routed to nature-based Emerging Natural Solutions projects that are cost-effective and resilient. Nature-based Solutions (NBS) that strategically conserve or restore nature to support conventionally built infrastructure systems (also With that goal in mind, the World Bank’s Nature-based Solutions referred to as gray infrastructure) can reduce disaster risk and Program aims to facilitate uptake of NBS in water management and produce more resilient and lower-cost services in developing DRM projects. countries. In the disaster risk management (DRM) and water security Nature-based Solutions for Disaster Risk Management | December 2018 | 1 Program Objectives Nature-based Solution Project Highlights The program seeks to inform and enable World Bank operational teams Metro Colombo Urban Development Project | SRI LANKA and clients to incorporate NBS considerations into project plans and investments by 1. identifying the NBS investments across the World Bank portfolio; 2. addressing the challenges and obstacles within the institution and in the client engagement process; 3. mainstreaming nature-based solutions among clients, management and operational staff by providing technical guidance and conducting pilot projects; and Photo by World Bank 4. fostering knowledge exchange between staff, and with practitioners outside the World Bank. Challenge: Urban Flooding Exchanging knowledge, experiences and lessons learned across a range NBS: Urban green spaces, reservoirs & wetlands of stakeholders will help guide the planning and implementation of nature- Cost of components with NBS: US$120 million based solutions across World Bank Group practices, helping champion WB Practice: Social, Urban, Rural & Resilience these solutions in the arenas of policy-making and investment for disaster risk reduction and other development objectives. This project, established by the Sri Lankan government, utilizes a mixture of green and gray infrastructure to reduce flood risks, improve drainage and create recreation Featured Publications opportunities, in the catchment area of the Colombo Metropolitan Region water The World Bank NBS Program has been exchanging knowledge, basin. Nature-based solutions such as wetland protection and restoration are experiences, and lessons learned across a range of stakeholders to implemented in addition to traditional approaches such as bank protection walls. enhance the planning and implementation of nature-based solutions This photo features restored urban wetlands at the Beddagana Wetland Park. across the World Bank portfolio. Key resources include the following: Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project | NIGERIA  G. Browder, S. Ozment. I. Rehberger Bescos, T. Gartner, and G. Lange. Forthcoming. Integrating Green and Gray: Creating Next Generation Infrastructure. Washington, DC: World Bank and World Resources Institute.  World Bank. 2017. Implementing Nature-Based Flood Protection: Principles and Implementation Guidance. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/739421509427698706/ Implementing-nature-based-flood-protection-principles-and- implementation-guidance. Photo by World Bank  World Bank. 2016. Managing Coasts with Natural Solutions: Guidelines for Measuring and Valuing the Coastal Protection Challenge: Gully Erosion Services of Mangroves and Coral Reefs. M. W. Beck and G-M. Lange, NBS: Watershed restoration with forests & vegetation eds. Washington, DC: Wealth Accounting and the Valuation of Ecosystem Cost of components with NBS: US$406 million Services Partnership (WAVES), World Bank. WB Practice: Environment & Natural Resources  S.A. Soz, J. Kryspin-Watson, and Z. Stanton-Geddes. 2016. The Role of The Government of Nigeria, through the Ministry of Environment, state and local Green Infrastructure Solutions in Urban Flood Risk Management. governments is implementing this project to reduce the vulnerability to soil erosion Washington, DC: World Bank. https://openknowledge. worldbank.org/ in targeted sub-watersheds. The multi-sectoral project will finance interventions bitstream/ handle/10986/25112/108291.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y. to prevent and reverse land degradation on a demand-driven basis, initially focusing on gully erosion sites in southeastern states that threaten infrastructure and livelihoods. This photo features the Atakpa Gully erosion site after its hybrid engineering and vegetative land management restoration intervention. Nature-based Solutions for Disaster Risk Management | December 2018 | 2 N AT URE-B A SED SOLU T IONS IN T HE DIS A S T ER These projects target a number of hazards and risks, including: urban, river RISK MANAG EMENT P OR T F OLIO and coastal flooding; coastal erosion; landslides and landscape erosion; and drought (see Figure 3, noting projects apply to more than one hazard). They are The World Bank’s portfolio of Disaster Risk Management (DRM) projects was implemented by six Global Practices: Environment & Natural Resources (35); US$52.87 billion across 681 different projects from fiscal years (FY) 2012-2018. Social, Urban, Rural & Resilience (29); Agriculture (5); Water (5); Social Protection Since 2012, 76 DRM projects have been approved across the world that contain NBS, & Labor (1); and Transport & Information and Communication Technology (1). with relevant project components totaling US$2 billion (see Figures 1 and 2). Figures 2 and 3 show the project distribution around the world, and aggregate investments in NBS project components containing NBS. FIGURE 1 | Nature-based Solutions in the Disaster Risk Management Portfolio 30 25 Projects Approved 20 15 10 5 0 Africa and East Asia South Asia Latin America Europe and Global Middle East and The Pacific and the Central Asia Caribbean FIGURE 2 | Investments in Project Components Containing Nature-based Solutions by Region, 2012–2018 1000 800 US$ Millions 600 400 200 0 Africa and East Asia South Asia Latin America Europe and Middle East and The Pacific and the Central Asia Caribbean FIGURE 3 | Hazards Targeted by Projects Containing Nature-based Solutions, 2012–2018 35 Targeting Each Hazard 30 Number of Projects 25 20 15 10 5 0 Urban River Coastal Coastal Landslides Drought Flooding Flooding Flooding Erosion and Erosion Nature-based Solutions for Disaster Risk Management | December 2018 | 3 Nature-based Solutions for Disaster Risk Management Project Case Studies The map below highlights some examples of DRM projects and their NBS components targeting a variety of hazards across the world. Poland Morocco Senegal Vietnam Suriname Sri Lanka Coastal & urban flooding Coastal erosion River flooding Landslides L ATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBE AN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA Greater Paramaribo Flood Risk Management Odra-Vistula Flood Management Project Location: Suriname Location: Poland Challenges: Coastal & urban flooding; coastal erosion Challenge: River flooding NBS: Mangrove restoration; rivers & floodplain management NBS: Dry polder & embankment retrieval Cost of NBS-related Component: US$ 225,000 Cost of NBS-related Component: US$ 22M AFRICA SOUTH ASIA Stormwater Management and Climate Change Adaptation Project Forest-based Landslide Risk Management Program Location: Senegal Location: Sri Lanka Challenge: Urban & river flooding Challenge: Landslides NBS: Artificial & natural retention ponds; wetlands NBS: Restoration of forests & vegetation Cost of NBS-related Component: US$ 4M Cost of NBS-related Component: US$ 150,000 MIDDLE E AST & NORTH AFRICA E AST ASIA & THE PACIFIC Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project Mekong Delta Integrated Climate Resilience and Sustainable Livelihoods Project Location: Morocco Location: Vietnam Challenge: Coastal & urban flooding Challenge: Coastal flooding & erosion; river flooding NBS: Forests & vegetation; inland & coastal wetlands; dunes & beaches NBS: Mangrove restoration & re-connect river Cost of NBS-related Component: US$ 4M Cost of NBS-related Component: US$ 243M Nature-based Solutions for Disaster Risk Management | December 2018 | 4