he methods used to identify the beneficiaries of programs aiming to address persistent poverty and shocks are subject to frequent policy debates.
... Exibir mais + Relying on panel data from Niger, this report simulates the performance of various targeting methods that are widely used by development and humanitarian actors. The methods include proxy-means testing (PMT), household economy analysis (HEA), geographical targeting, and combined methods. Results show that PMT performs more effectively in identifying persistently poor households, while HEA shows superior performance in identifying transiently food insecure households. Geographical targeting is particularly efficient in responding to food crises, which tend to be largely covariate. Combinations of geographical, PMT, and HEA approaches may be used as part of an efficient and scalable adaptive social protection system. Results motivate the consolidation of data across programs, which can support the application of alternative targeting methods tailored to program-specific objectives.
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Doing business 2020 is the 17th in a series of annual studies investigating the regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it.
... Exibir mais + Doing business presents quantitative indicators on business regulations and the protection of property rights that can be compared across 190 economies - from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe - and over time. Regulations affecting 12 areas of the life of a business are covered: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, employing workers, and contracting with the government. The employing workers and contracting with the government indicator sets are not included in this year’s ranking on the ease of doing business. Data in doing business 2020 are current as of May 1, 2019. The indicators are used to analyze economic outcomes and identify what reforms of business regulation have worked, where, and why. This economy profile presents indicators for Niger; for 2020, Niger ranks 132.
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The landlocked and fragile countries Mali, Niger, and Chad have suffered, to varying degrees, from Dutch Disease, with high export concentration in natural resource commodities and in a few foreign markets, and little development of their non-resource economies.
... Exibir mais + The three countries' ability to create a sustainable path to economic growth and poverty reduction is inextricably linked to their connectivity with external markets, in the region and beyond. Thus, Mali, Niger, and Chad are first challenged by their geography -- their landlocked nature creates a barrier to market access beyond their immediate neighbors, while their vast and thinly populated lands serve to isolate the most vulnerable communities from external and internal markets. Adding to these geographic disadvantages, the incentive environment -- defined by high and variable customs common external tariff regimes resulting from multiple overlapping regional trade arrangements -- places a wedge between domestic and international prices that provides a disincentive to exports in favor of non-tradable and domestic-oriented sectors. By bringing greater coherence and convergence between the many common external tariff regimes in operation and the rationalization of their structures, and improving connectivity within and between markets, Mali, Niger, and Chad can better promote the reallocation of resources toward tradable goods and services, putting the countries on a path toward greater economic inclusion and sustainable growth.
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Documento de trabalho sobre pesquisa de políticas WPS9036 OCT 08, 2019
Despite years of development programming and high-level support, Niger is struggling with critical issues in reproductive health and nutrition.
... Exibir mais + On related problems observed around the world, especially in developing and fragile countries, various studies have shown that improvements in reproductive health and nutritional achievements require behavioral changes and mobilization of a diversity of actors from different parts of the health system, sectors and community with often weak capacities. Such specific issues are generally of the type that the Collaborative Leadership for Development approach (CL4D) can help to resolve, coupled with technical actions and interventions. Hence, the design of the population and health support project includes a rapid results approach (RRI), one of the CL4D approach tools, component in supporting the implementation of the project, especially for improving and accelerating results related to the disbursement linked indicators (DLI). This note provides a detailed description of how this approach through its methodology and tools has been set in motion in Niger for the health sector.
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Niger's risk of external and overall public debt distress is rated "moderate" as in the previous DSA. While all thresholds are observed in the baseline, the PV of PPG external debt-to-exports ratio breaches its threshold under stress test scenarios.
... Exibir mais + Debt-carrying capacity continues to be rated "medium." The analysis shows that Niger has limited space to accommodate negative shocks and remains vulnerable to adverse developments of its exports. The DSA is predicated on the government continuing to implement its reform program: fiscal consolidation; structural reforms, including revenue mobilization efforts; contain expenditures and improve spending quality; and timely completion of several large-scale projects, in particular the construction of a pipeline for crude oil exports. Identified weaknesses call for further strengthening of debt management, including by broadening the coverage of public debt, prioritizing concessional borrowing, and strengthening private-sector development to support economic diversification and mitigate the risks associated with commodity price fluctuations.
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The Africa disaster risk financing (ADRF) initiative, launched in 2015 and implemented by global facility for disaster reduction and recovery (GFDRR) and the World Bank, supports the development of risk financing strategies at regional, national, and local levels to help African countries make informed decisions to improve post-disaster financial response capacity to mitigate the socio-economic, fiscal, and financial impacts of disasters.
... Exibir mais + To create an enabling environment for dialogue on risk financing strategies and to further the understanding of disaster risk, national risk profiles have been developed for eight countries in the region. The risk profiles provided visual information and data on the hazards, exposure, and risk for multiple hazards in each country.
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This study assesses the redistributive effects of fiscal policy in Mali and Niger. Fiscal policy is poverty increasing in Mali (by 2.4 percentage points) and Niger (2.5 percentage points).
... Exibir mais + This is a result of primarily two factors: indirect taxes (value-added taxes and import duties) and direct fiscal transfers. Although the richest people in Mali and Niger pay the majority of indirect taxes, the poorest people pay a nonnegligible amount (more than 8 and 10 percent for the bottom three deciles, respectively). Although existing direct fiscal transfers have poverty-reducing effects, they are too small (Mali) or not well targeted (Niger).
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Documento de trabalho sobre pesquisa de políticas WPS8887 JUN 17, 2019
Current measures of fiscal impoverishment and gains are not consistent with the law of diminishing returns. This paper proposes new measures of fiscal impoverishment and gains that are consistent with the law of diminishing returns, based on a methodology that gives more significance to greater income gaps, and more importance to the experience of the poorest individuals within the fiscal system.
... Exibir mais + The new indicators are decomposable and cover the incidence, intensity, and severity of fiscal impoverishment and gains. An empirical illustration using the 2014 household consumption data reveals that, overall, in Niger the fiscal system is improving the welfare of the population: only 33.2 percent of the population has become poorer due to the fiscal system, while the remaining 66.8 percent has become richer because of it. Moreover, the mean relative fiscal loss (0.014), is 11 percent lower than the mean relative fiscal gain (0.126).
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Documento de trabalho sobre pesquisa de políticas WPS8886 JUN 13, 2019
Supporting jobs for youth in Niger means addressing difficult questions of the right level of ambition, of reaching the necessary scale, and of trade-offs with funding for poverty reduction.
... Exibir mais + Jobs policy for youth in Niger faces a difficult balancing act. It must be grounded in the reality that given the very modest starting point, economic opportunities for most Nigeriens are likely to remain limited in the medium term. At the same time, jobs policy needs to contend with the fact that young Nigeriens aspire for a different economic life than that lived by their elders. The challenge is thus to determine what kind of support is realistically feasible, and can provide a good-enough perspective for young Nigeriens. Secondly, policy must ask whether the actions envisaged can make a real difference at scale, given the very big needs for better jobs. Finally, in an environment where poverty remains pervasive, it is important to acknowledge that providing jobs support specifically for youth may mean forgoing other investments that may be more efficient in reducing poverty. To make informed choices on these questions, policy makers may need to understand clearly the effectiveness of different jobs support modalities, their appropriateness in addressing Niger’s challenges, and their cost efficiency. This study seeks to provide such an assessment. The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of projects that supported jobs for youth in Niger over the years 2007-2018. This report reviews the design and performance of 50 jobs projects carried out under the aegis of the Government of Niger over the years 2007-2018. These projects support individuals or communities; the review does not cover macro-level policies. The review has sought to assess (1) the level of investment and the number of beneficiaries reached; (2) the success of jobs programs according to existing evaluations; and (3) whether jobs programs have targeted the primary constraints to jobs for young Nigeriens and been designed in accordance with international evidence.
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Supporting jobs for youth in Niger means addressing difficult questions of the right level of ambition, of reaching the necessary scale, and of trade-offs with funding for poverty reduction.
... Exibir mais + Jobs policy for youth in Niger faces a difficult balancing act. It must be grounded in the reality that given the very modest starting point, economic opportunities for most Nigeriens are likely to remain limited in the medium term. At the same time, jobs policy needs to contend with the fact that young Nigeriens aspire for a different economic life than that lived by their elders. The challenge is thus to determine what kind of support is realistically feasible, and can provide a good-enough perspective for young Nigeriens. Secondly, policy must ask whether the actions envisaged can make a real difference at scale, given the very big needs for better jobs. Finally, in an environment where poverty remains pervasive, it is important to acknowledge that providing jobs support specifically for youth may mean forgoing other investments that may be more efficient in reducing poverty. To make informed choices on these questions, policy makers may need to understand clearly the effectiveness of different jobs support modalities, their appropriateness in addressing Niger’s challenges, and their cost efficiency. This study seeks to provide such an assessment. The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of projects that supported jobs for youth in Niger over the years 2007-2018. This report reviews the design and performance of 50 jobs projects carried out under the aegis of the Government of Niger over the years 2007-2018. These projects support individuals or communities; the review does not cover macro-level policies. The review has sought to assess (1) the level of investment and the number of beneficiaries reached; (2) the success of jobs programs according to existing evaluations; and (3) whether jobs programs have targeted the primary constraints to jobs for young Nigeriens and been designed in accordance with international evidence.
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Report 136031 APR 11, 2019
Abdoulaye Sambo,Soumaila; Saidi,Mira; Walker,David Ian; Gonzalez,Alvaro S.; Von Der Goltz,Jan; Gado,Boureima; Beatrice Dehasse,Joelle; Lemière, ChristopheFrancês,
InglêsDisclosed
The Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Poverty Diagnostic (PD) in Niger is part of a global initiative to improve evidence on the linkages between WASH and poverty.
... Exibir mais + The Diagnostic provides a detailed analysis of sector status, strengths, and weaknesses to inform the attainment of the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that aim for universal access to safely managed water supply and sanitation.
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The Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Poverty Diagnostic (PD) in Niger is part of a global initiative to improve evidence on the linkages between WASH and poverty.
... Exibir mais + The Diagnostic provides a detailed analysis of sector status, strengths, and weaknesses to inform the attainment of the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that aim for universal access to safely managed water supply and sanitation.
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This review responds to the request of the Ministry of Employment and Social Protection for a diagnostics of the structure and fiscal sustainability of social protection and labor expenditures in Niger.
... Exibir mais + It also seeks to provide the Dispositif National de Gestion et Prévention des Crises Alimentaires (DNPGCA) and other stakeholders with detailed information on programs, spending and coverage over the 2008-2017 period. Finally, it explores ways to improve the efficiency and impact of public spending on poverty reduction and response to shocks through social protection. The review covers the main social protection programs in Niger, including shock-response mechanisms. Programs are classified into four categories: social safety nets, social insurance, labor market, and general subsidies. Social safety nets comprise unconditional and conditional cash transfers, food and in-kind transfers, school feeding programs, public works, nutrition programs and fee waivers. The review uses the term ‘core’ safety nets to specifically refer to multi-year and predictable transfers, typically accompanied by measures to build people’s resilience over time.
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This review responds to the request of the Ministry of Employment and Social Protection for a diagnostics of the structure and fiscal sustainability of social protection and labor expenditures in Niger.
... Exibir mais + It also seeks to provide the Dispositif National de Gestion et Prévention des Crises Alimentaires (DNPGCA) and other stakeholders with detailed information on programs, spending and coverage over the 2008-2017 period. Finally, it explores ways to improve the efficiency and impact of public spending on poverty reduction and response to shocks through social protection. The review covers the main social protection programs in Niger, including shock-response mechanisms. Programs are classified into four categories: social safety nets, social insurance, labor market, and general subsidies. Social safety nets comprise unconditional and conditional cash transfers, food and in-kind transfers, school feeding programs, public works, nutrition programs and fee waivers. The review uses the term ‘core’ safety nets to specifically refer to multi-year and predictable transfers, typically accompanied by measures to build people’s resilience over time.
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Supporting jobs for youth in Niger means addressing difficult questions of the right level of ambition, of reaching the necessary scale, and of trade-offs with funding for poverty reduction.
... Exibir mais + Jobs policy for youth in Niger faces a difficult balancing act. It must be grounded in the reality that given the very modest starting point, economic opportunities for most Nigeriens are likely to remain limited in the medium term. At the same time, jobs policy needs to contend with the fact that young Nigeriens aspire for a different economic life than that lived by their elders. The challenge is thus to determine what kind of support is realistically feasible and can provide a good-enough perspective for young Nigeriens. Secondly, policy must ask whether the actions envisaged can make a real difference at scale, given the very big needs for better jobs. Finally, in an environment where poverty remains pervasive, it is important to acknowledge that providing jobs support specifically for youth may mean forgoing other investments that may be more efficient in reducing poverty. To make informed choices on these questions, policy makers may need to understand clearly the effectiveness of different jobs support modalities, their appropriateness in addressing Niger`s challenges, and their cost efficiency. This study seeks to provide such an assessment. The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of projects that supported jobs for youth in Niger over the years 2007-2018.
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Documento de Trabalho (Série Numerada) 137420 JAN 01, 2019
Reducing gender inequality could increase GDP per capita by more than a fourth in Niger by 2030. These significant economic gains would be generated by enabling women to have the same earnings as men and reducing fertility and thereby population growth.
... Exibir mais + Investing in girls’ education and reducing child marriage are critical to achieve these objectives, as are investments to raise women’s participation in the labor force and their productivity at work. While the estimates of the gains presented in this study are meant only to provide orders of magnitude, they suggest that achieving gender equality could have major benefits and should be a top priority for the government.
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