Sound technical knowledge is important. To deliver outcomes for citizens one need to combine that technical expertise with on the ground delivery know-how.
... Exibir mais + Relentlessly focusing on the outcomes, deliberately taking multi-stakeholder, and multisectoral perspectives, systematically using and collecting evidence, developing a deep understanding of the political context and individual incentives, consciously building in feedback loops, and course correction mechanisms are some of the approaches that teams use to get the delivery right. By capturing the learning from those approaches, one can build a collective and cumulative body of operational knowledge and know-how that can help development practitioners deliver better results. The projects featured in this brochure represent a small sample of projects that illustrate the use of the approaches.
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Partners in the Government of Indonesia face challenges in producing rigorous evidence and applying it to develop policy and program responses to reduce poverty and vulnerability, tackle inequality, and stimulate job creation.
... Exibir mais + The local supply of research and analytical services in Indonesia is extremely limited and can be difficult for policymakers to access. This program was established in response to a request in 2010 from the Vice-President of the Republic of Indonesia and his Deputy for Social Welfare for technical assistance and capacity building to support national efforts to coordinate and integrate national poverty reduction policies and programs. The initial request focused on supporting reforms for the country’s array of household-based poverty reduction programs that target poor households. Increasingly, they are seeking analytical service and technical assistance. The program is directed toward fulfilling the immediate needs of government partners that are shifting towards an evidence-based approach to policy making.
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The brief summarizes the targeting the poor: evidence from a field experiment in Indonesia for the period December 2008 - January 2009. This paper reports an experiment in 640 Indonesian villages on three approaches to target the poor: proxy means tests (PMT), where assets are used to predict consumption; community targeting, where villagers rank everyone from richest to poorest; and a hybrid.
... Exibir mais + Defining poverty based on PPP$2 per capita consumption, community targeting and the hybrid perform somewhat worse in identifying the poor than PMT, though not by enough to significantly affect poverty outcomes for a typical program. Elite capture does not explain these results. Instead, communities appear to apply a different concept of poverty.
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Household conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs offer countries a new way to tackle poverty and prevent the transmission of poverty to future generations.
... Exibir mais + They do so by providing regular cash payments to families on the condition that they fulfill basic obligations, which are typically related to the usage of health and education services. The Government of Indonesia launched its own household conditional cash transfer program, Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH or Hopeful Family Program), in order to improve lagging health and education outcomes among extremely poor households. The program delivers quarterly cash transfers to very poor households with children or lactating/pregnant women provided that they fulfill a range of health and education-related obligations. PKH has emerged as one of the government's strategies to reduce poverty and reach its Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The Government of Indonesia is currently considering expanding coverage to 3 million households by 2014. This report presents the main findings from the impact evaluation of the PKH pilot. Chapter two describes the design of the household CCT program and a description of quality of implementation at the time of the impact evaluation. Chapter three summarizes the findings from the implementation assessments of the pilot. Chapter four reviews the design of the impact evaluation and provides an explanation about the research methodologies used. The main findings of the evaluation are presented in Chapter five. Chapter six presents a brief analysis of the costs of implementing the PKH program and PKH's cost-effectiveness. Finally, Section seven provides recommendations to policy-makers, applying findings from the evaluation to formulate next steps that should be considered during the planned expansion of the program.
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Indonesia has enjoyed a demographic dividend over the last forty years. The working population has been growing faster than the population of non-working dependents.
... Exibir mais + This presents a major opportunity for economic growth and poverty reduction, provided that more jobs and better jobs are created to employ a workforce, which will grow by an estimated 20 million workers over the next ten years. Today's policy makers in Indonesia face a strategic challenge in identifying which policies and programs will spur the creation of good jobs while, at the same time, ensuring that workers are better protected from risks threatening their income security. Decisions about labor policies are particularly difficult because they can directly affect the well-being of workers, both inside and outside the formal jobs market, and the firms that are the main engines of job growth. Sound empirical data will help guide the debate around labor reform. The Indonesia jobs report, prepared by the World Bank in cooperation with the Government of Indonesia and local research partners, is the most comprehensive assessment of the country's labor market that has been carried out in the last decade. The report uses the most up-to-date data available to examine the performance of the labor market, changes in the supply of workers, and the effects of labor policies. The findings will help inform future policy directions and contribute towards evidence-based decision making. Stimulating the growth of better jobs requires a multi-pronged approach. This report recommends much needed reforms of labor policies and programs. Equally important, however, are reforms that accelerate job creation by improving infrastructure and the investment climate, alongside reforms that aim at improving the quality of education. Success will depend on working partnerships between the government, employer associations, labor unions and other civil society groups, with the support of Indonesia's think tanks and international development partners. This report helps reinvigorate policy dialogue about job creation and worker security. Learning from experiences and international best practices, Indonesia will be better prepared to navigate a course towards 'win-win' solutions that accelerate the creation of better jobs without sacrificing adequate protection for workers.
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Indonesia has enjoyed a demographic dividend over the last forty years. The working population has been growing faster than the population of non-working dependents.
... Exibir mais + This presents a major opportunity for economic growth and poverty reduction, provided that more jobs and better jobs are created to employ a workforce, which will grow by an estimated 20 million workers over the next ten years. Today's policy makers in Indonesia face a strategic challenge in identifying which policies and programs will spur the creation of good jobs while, at the same time, ensuring that workers are better protected from risks threatening their income security. Decisions about labor policies are particularly difficult because they can directly affect the well-being of workers, both inside and outside the formal jobs market, and the firms that are the main engines of job growth. Sound empirical data will help guide the debate around labor reform. The Indonesia jobs report, prepared by the World Bank in cooperation with the Government of Indonesia and local research partners, is the most comprehensive assessment of the country's labor market that has been carried out in the last decade. The report uses the most up-to-date data available to examine the performance of the labor market, changes in the supply of workers, and the effects of labor policies. The findings will help inform future policy directions and contribute towards evidence-based decision making. Stimulating the growth of better jobs requires a multi-pronged approach. This report recommends much needed reforms of labor policies and programs. Equally important, however, are reforms that accelerate job creation by improving infrastructure and the investment climate, alongside reforms that aim at improving the quality of education. Success will depend on working partnerships between the government, employer associations, labor unions and other civil society groups, with the support of Indonesia's think tanks and international development partners. This report helps reinvigorate policy dialogue about job creation and worker security. Learning from experiences and international best practices, Indonesia will be better prepared to navigate a course towards 'win-win' solutions that accelerate the creation of better jobs without sacrificing adequate protection for workers.
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Indonesia has enjoyed a demographic dividend over the last forty years. The working population has been growing faster than the population of non-working dependents.
... Exibir mais + This presents a major opportunity for economic growth and poverty reduction, provided that more jobs and better jobs are created to employ a workforce, which will grow by an estimated 20 million workers over the next ten years. Today's policy makers in Indonesia face a strategic challenge in identifying which policies and programs will spur the creation of good jobs while, at the same time, ensuring that workers are better protected from risks threatening their income security. Decisions about labor policies are particularly difficult because they can directly affect the well-being of workers, both inside and outside the formal jobs market, and the firms that are the main engines of job growth. Sound empirical data will help guide the debate around labor reform. The Indonesia jobs report, prepared by the World Bank in cooperation with the Government of Indonesia and local research partners, is the most comprehensive assessment of the country's labor market that has been carried out in the last decade. The report uses the most up-to-date data available to examine the performance of the labor market, changes in the supply of workers, and the effects of labor policies. The findings will help inform future policy directions and contribute towards evidence-based decision making. Stimulating the growth of better jobs requires a multi-pronged approach. This report recommends much needed reforms of labor policies and programs. Equally important, however, are reforms that accelerate job creation by improving infrastructure and the investment climate, alongside reforms that aim at improving the quality of education. Success will depend on working partnerships between the government, employer associations, labor unions and other civil society groups, with the support of Indonesia's think tanks and international development partners. This report helps reinvigorate policy dialogue about job creation and worker security. Learning from experiences and international best practices, Indonesia will be better prepared to navigate a course towards 'win-win' solutions that accelerate the creation of better jobs without sacrificing adequate protection for workers.
Exibir menos -
Indonesia has enjoyed a demographic dividend over the last forty years. The working population has been growing faster than the population of non-working dependents.
... Exibir mais + This presents a major opportunity for economic growth and poverty reduction, provided that more jobs and better jobs are created to employ a workforce, which will grow by an estimated 20 million workers over the next ten years. Today's policy makers in Indonesia face a strategic challenge in identifying which policies and programs will spur the creation of good jobs while, at the same time, ensuring that workers are better protected from risks threatening their income security. Decisions about labor policies are particularly difficult because they can directly affect the well-being of workers, both inside and outside the formal jobs market, and the firms that are the main engines of job growth. Sound empirical data will help guide the debate around labor reform. The Indonesia jobs report, prepared by the World Bank in cooperation with the Government of Indonesia and local research partners, is the most comprehensive assessment of the country's labor market that has been carried out in the last decade. The report uses the most up-to-date data available to examine the performance of the labor market, changes in the supply of workers, and the effects of labor policies. The findings will help inform future policy directions and contribute towards evidence-based decision making. Stimulating the growth of better jobs requires a multi-pronged approach. This report recommends much needed reforms of labor policies and programs. Equally important, however, are reforms that accelerate job creation by improving infrastructure and the investment climate, alongside reforms that aim at improving the quality of education. Success will depend on working partnerships between the government, employer associations, labor unions and other civil society groups, with the support of Indonesia's think tanks and international development partners. This report helps reinvigorate policy dialogue about job creation and worker security. Learning from experiences and international best practices, Indonesia will be better prepared to navigate a course towards 'win-win' solutions that accelerate the creation of better jobs without sacrificing adequate protection for workers.
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In this issue: introducing Ombuds services new staff! By Connie Bernard; update on reforms of the conflict resolution system, by Adam Shayne; retiring Ombudsman's reflections on the Respectful Workplace Advisors (RWA) Program, by Fred Temple; book review: getting past no, by William Ury.; what has been helpful from RWA trainings?
... Exibir mais + By Vivi Alatas; Ombuds services 2008 annual report, by Thomas Zgambo; HIV in the workplace, by Ivena K. John; and in memory of Neta Mulenga Walima.
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Continued macroeconomic stability and a stronger international economy are supporting renewed growth in Indonesia, and are contributing to a reduction in poverty.
... Exibir mais + The Government's Economic Policy Package, known as the White Paper, has played an important part in this, as it clearly laid out the Government's own commitment to reforms in the aftermath of the IMF supported program and helped to maintain the momentum of those reforms. But despite the progress made in meeting most of the White Paper targets, Indonesia has yet to see a demonstrable positive impact on levels of investment, exports, employment or service delivery to the poor. In part, this is because many of the White Paper measures are in the form of the passage of laws and decrees or the establishment of new institutions, whose effective implementation and performance will need to be proven over time. In addition, specific policy actions outside the context of the White Paper and controversial court decisions continue to damage perceptions of Indonesia's investment climate. The challenge for Government is to maintain the momentum on the White Paper to ensure effective implementation of the measures adopted towards improving the investment climate and competitiveness in the medium run. This is needed for broad-based growth, which coupled with actions to improve service delivery will be key to substantial poverty reduction and meeting the targets of the Millennium Development Goals on which Indonesia is lagging. This will require better policy coordination and management - in particular in the critical area of justice sector reform and anti-corruption to ensure that all policy actions work to support the White Paper goals.
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Unlike the well-developed literature on the employment impact of the minimum wage in industrial nations, very little is known about minimum wage effects in low income countries.
... Exibir mais + Minimum wages increased sharply in Indonesia between 1990 and 1996 and by more in some provinces than in others. Following Card and Krueger (1994) the authors exploit the large geographic variation in the rate of increase and compare changes in employment in the clothing, textile, footwear, and leather industries on either side of the Jakarta-West Java border. They use household level labor market data to establish compliance with the legislation. They obtain matched difference-in-difference estimates of the employment impact using a census of all large and medium-size firms in the clothing, textile, leather, and footwear industries. The authors find some evidence of a negative employment impact for small, domestic firms but no employment impact for large firms, foreign or domestic.
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Documento de trabalho sobre pesquisa de políticas WPS2985 MAR 31, 2003
As part the Local Level Institutions study of local life in villages in rural Indonesia information was gathered on sampled household's participation in social activities.
... Exibir mais + We classified the reported activities into four distinct types of social activity: sociability, networks, social organizations, and village government organizations. Respondents were also asked about questions about their village government: whether they were informed about village funds and projects, if they participated in village decisions, if they expressed voice about village problems, and if they thought the village government was responsive to local problems. Several findings emerge regarding the relationship between the social variables and the governance activities. Not surprisingly, an individual household's involvement with the village government organizations tends to increase their own reports of positive voice, participation, and information. In contrast, the data suggest a negative spillover on other households. There is a strong "chilling" effect of one household's participation in village government organizations on the voice, participation, and information of other households in the same village. The net effect of engagement in village government organizations is generally negative, while the net effect of membership in social organizations is more often associated with good governance outcomes. These findings indicate that existing social organizations have a potentially important role to play in enhancing the performance of government institutions in Indonesia and in the evolution of good governance more generally.
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Documento de trabalho sobre pesquisa de políticas WPS2981 MAR 31, 2003
Poor workers faced many risks. Loosing job, changing jobs, being ill, economic downturn can lead to a decline in their well-being. Many workers while currently may have a good job are vulnerable to events that can easily put them into a lower pay job brackets.
... Exibir mais + Variation in take home pays may be of a short-term nature or a long-term nature, and it may be affected by macro shocks or micro shocks that are specifics to particular individuals. Wages may varies due to seasonal factors as overtime and number of hours work may depend on the business cycle or it may varies due to misfortune and bad luck such as illness or being laid off. Since labor market segmentation may affect different degree of mobility between different groups, people are generally not free to advance in more secure jobs. Workers are vulnerable to shocks and this notion of workers vulnerability is not capture by just looking at a snapshot of who has low pay at a given point of time. The paper is structured as follows. Section two presents and discusses the model and methodology used. It presents the method used in exploiting the synthetic cohort to provide estimates of vulnerability. Section three described the data sources. Section four examined the results that can give insight how vulnerability varies between groups and over the period. Section five summarized the conclusion and the need for further studies.
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