The surveys of households, enterprises, and public officials, have provided a wealth of information on perceptions and actual experiences with corruption in Slovakia.
... Exibir mais + Regarding the levels and trends: Corruption is perceived to be widespread and especially problematic in health, justice, the National Property Fund, customs, police, and ministries. The perceptions are buttressed by actual experiences - many enterprises and ordinary people reported paying bribes, and many public officials reported having been offered gifts or money by clients. Corruption is more widespread than ten years ago, but the recent trends are less clear. While there is some evidence that the corruption problem has improved somewhat compared to a few years ago, many believe that it is as bad today as ever. The surveys help to highlight the sectors most affected, and the reasons the unofficial payments are made in these sectors: The courts were identified by all three sample groups as slow and largely corrupt. The health sector is perceived by all three sample groups as a sector with widespread corruption. Corruption in the educational system is centered mostly around universities. Several regulatory and licensing bodies are reported to be the frequent recipients of bribes: import and export permits, construction permits, and other licenses, the Business Registry (run by the courts), Certification Authority, Customs, and State Business Supervision, all were reported by the enterprises that deal with them to be frequent recipients of bribes. Roughly one in nine enterprises said they sponsor political parties. Most enterprises believe that it is a common practice, although a larger percentage believes it was common practice before the 1998 elections. Similarly, many enterprises reported paying bribes to receive state subsidies, and many more reported using political influence and connections with friends and relatives to get the subsidies. Rewarding cronies with favorable, non-transparent, privatization decisions can be more pernicious than other forms of corruption, since it tends to institutionalize corruption. In many ways, identifying the problem of corruption is easier than identifying its source or its solution. The public officials survey helps to provide guidance on the weaknesses that lead to corruption, and some reforms that may help prevent corruption.
Exibir menos -
The surveys of households, enterprises, and public officials, have provided a wealth of information on perceptions and actual experiences with corruption in Slovakia.
... Exibir mais + Regarding the levels and trends: Corruption is perceived to be widespread and especially problematic in health, justice, the National Property Fund, customs, police, and ministries. The perceptions are buttressed by actual experiences - many enterprises and ordinary people reported paying bribes, and many public officials reported having been offered gifts or money by clients. Corruption is more widespread than ten years ago, but the recent trends are less clear. While there is some evidence that the corruption problem has improved somewhat compared to a few years ago, many believe that it is as bad today as ever. The surveys help to highlight the sectors most affected, and the reasons the unofficial payments are made in these sectors: The courts were identified by all three sample groups as slow and largely corrupt. The health sector is perceived by all three sample groups as a sector with widespread corruption. Corruption in the educational system is centered mostly around universities. Several regulatory and licensing bodies are reported to be the frequent recipients of bribes: import and export permits, construction permits, and other licenses, the Business Registry (run by the courts), Certification Authority, Customs, and State Business Supervision, all were reported by the enterprises that deal with them to be frequent recipients of bribes. Roughly one in nine enterprises said they sponsor political parties. Most enterprises believe that it is a common practice, although a larger percentage believes it was common practice before the 1998 elections. Similarly, many enterprises reported paying bribes to receive state subsidies, and many more reported using political influence and connections with friends and relatives to get the subsidies. Rewarding cronies with favorable, non-transparent, privatization decisions can be more pernicious than other forms of corruption, since it tends to institutionalize corruption. In many ways, identifying the problem of corruption is easier than identifying its source or its solution. The public officials survey helps to provide guidance on the weaknesses that lead to corruption, and some reforms that may help prevent corruption.
Exibir menos -
