A 2013 scientific assessment of black carbon emissions and impacts found that black carbon is second to carbon dioxide in terms of its climate forcing. High concentrations of black carbon in the atmosphere can change precipitation patterns and reduce the amount of radiation that reaches the Earth's surface, which affects local agriculture. Acute and chronic exposures to particulate matter are associated with a range of diseases, including chronic bronchitis and asthma, as well as premature deaths from cardiopulmonary disease, lung cancer, and acute lower respiratory infections. The transportation sector accounted for approximately 19 percent of global black carbon emissions in the year 2000. This report aims to inform efforts to control black carbon emissions from diesel-based transportation in developing countries. It presents a summary of emissions control approaches from developed countries, while recognizing that developing countries face a number of on-the-ground implementation challenges. This study applies a new cost-benefit analysis methodology to four simulated diesel black carbon emissions control projects - diesel retrofit in Istanbul, green freight (plus retrofit) in Sao Paulo, fuel and vehicle standards in Jakarta, and compressed natural gas (CNG) buses in Cebu taking into account the additional climate benefits of black carbon reductions. While this report focuses on quantifying just the health and climate benefits of transport interventions, it also serves to highlight the challenges that can be faced when undertaking more comprehensive evaluation of transport projects. A cost-benefit framework for economic analysis of diesel black carbon emissions control transport projects is also presented that factors in both climate and health benefits. Historically, technical interventions to control diesel black carbon emissions in developed countries have successfully relied on fuel quality improvements and vehicle emissions standards.
Details
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Author
Minjares, Ray Wagner, David Vance Akbar, Sameer
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Document Date
2014/04/02
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Document Type
Mining/Oil and Gas
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Report Number
86485
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Volume No
1
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Total Volume(s)
1
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Country
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Region
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Disclosure Date
2014/04/04
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Disclosure Status
Disclosed
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Doc Name
Reducing black carbon emissions from diesel vehicles : impacts, control strategies, and cost-benefit analysis
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Keywords
black carbon;united nations framework convention on climate change;black carbon emission;social cost of carbon;reduction of vehicle emission;vehicle emission control program;advanced emission control technology;diesel fuel sulfur content;United Nations Environment Programme;risk of lung cancer;diesel vehicle;vehicle emission reduction;
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Citation
Minjares, Ray;Wagner, David Vance;Akbar, Sameer;
Reducing black carbon emissions from diesel vehicles : impacts, control strategies, and cost-benefit analysis (English). Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. https://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/329901468151500078/Reducing-black-carbon-emissions-from-diesel-vehicles-impacts-control-strategies-and-cost-benefit-analysis