The relationship between urban development and urban land taxation is investigated. Fiscal instruments of urban land taxation include land value increment taxes, betterment levies, taxes on speculative gains from land sale, and improvement charges. These instruments seek to provide revenues for general use by national and local governments, underwrite the costs of specific public improvements, and achieve a more equitable distribution of urban resources. When land policy instruments are viewed in the context of alternative objectives, the range of potentially available tools becomes much wider due to a synthesis in which the urban land market itself is the central variable. When considering the implications of urban land control devices for project design, land control instruments must be carefully examined to determine their fit in project contexts. Betterment levies can be used when most project benefits are easily measurable and when most project beneficiaries are readily identifiable. In addition, given the low taxable capacity of cities in developing countries, user fees such as equipment charges, are often an attractive and feasible means of project finance. 9 references.
Details
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Author
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Document Date
1974/06/30
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Document Type
Working Paper (Numbered Series)
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Report Number
URR7405
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Volume No
1
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Total Volume(s)
1
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Country
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Region
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Disclosure Date
2020/06/17
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Disclosure Status
Disclosed
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Doc Name
Reappraising urban land tax effectiveness against policy goals
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Keywords
site value taxation;land value increment tax;national tax journal;sale of land;national tax association;tax on land;urban land market;lack of alternative;income tax rate;urban property taxation;owner of property;land use plan;factor of production;supply of service;high tax rate;land price inflation;water and electricity;payment of charges;urban land institute;urban land policy;supply of land;land use control;land tax revenues;degrees of freedom;land policies;vacant land;productive use;public authority;tax base;Public Facilities;tax liability;tax land;public good;Public Goods;constituent pressure;land speculation;urban population;individual income;floor area;betterment tax;production decision;urban development;access road;quantity supply;road improvement;infrastructure charge;principal city;development value;market price;tax effort;aggregate benefit;fiscal tool;speculative gains;effective tax;university college;building material;Labor Market;land transfer;public policy;project finance;direct participation;capital value;sewer system;land reserve;capital gain;project costing;net worth;land conversion;equitable distribution;Tax Reform;real resource;land holding;opportunity cost;aggregate value;land sale;
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Citation
Grimes,Orville F.
Reappraising urban land tax effectiveness against policy goals (English). Urban and regional report,no. URR 7405 Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/104211468914663643/Reappraising-urban-land-tax-effectiveness-against-policy-goals