Despite China's enormous achievements in growth, poverty reduction, and stability, there have been shortcomings as well, especially in the 1990s. The rural reforms of 1979-84 reduced inequality as well as poverty. Since the late 80s, however, inequality and vulnerability have increased, and since the mid1990s poverty reduction has slowed. In the second half of the 1990s' the share of people in poverty stagnated despite an overall growth rate of more than 8 percent. China's air and water are heavily polluted, accounting for tens of thousands of death annually. The strategy of gradual reform is hard to fault in terms of the growth and stability it has provided. Growing out of the plan-leaving state enterprises relatively unreformed while encouraging private sector competition and growth-can be seen as an ingenious way to compensate potential losers which has purchased precious time and stability. But the incompleteness of enterprise reform poses risks which could undermine some of the achievements of the past 20 years.
Details
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Document Date
2004/07/30
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Document Type
IEG Evaluation
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Report Number
29734
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Volume No
1
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Total Volume(s)
1
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Country
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Region
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Disclosure Date
2005/07/29
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Disclosure Status
Disclosed
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Doc Name
China - Country assistance evaluation
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Keywords
Country assistance management; Country evaluation; Country assistance strategy; Macroeconomic management; Poverty reduction; Environmental issues; Lending; Donor coordination; Safeguards; Sustainability; Outcomes; Institutional development; Poverty reduction; Rural water supply; Agriculture; Decentralization; Energy; Finance; Poverty reduction; Transport; Health issues; Economic growth; Gross domestic product per capita; External debt; Inequality; Vulnerability; Health issues; Infrastructure; Rural water
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Citation
China - Country Assistance Evaluation : China - Country assistance evaluation (Chinese). Country Assistance Evaluation (CAE) Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/192031468769175791/China-Country-assistance-evaluation