A large number of developing nations are in the process of decentralizing basic education with the aim of diversifying revenue sources and introducing greater accountability and efficiency. This paper examines the effects of the reform in Chile which introduced the first significant reform in 1981. This reform kept most of the responsibility for educational finance with the Ministry of Education but transferred the responsibility for delivering services to municipalities and non-profit schools. In response to this reform, municipalities increased their finance of public schools, and the supply of subsidized-private education increased dramatically. By 1990 enrollment in subsidized-private schools represented about one-third of total primary-secondary school enrollments. Municipal finance, which is closely tied to municipal fiscal capacity, has created inequities in school expenditures, even though it represents only ten percent of total revenues. Variations in the private school market share across municipalities are principally explained by the ease of market entry, family socioeconomic status, and the relative performance of public and private schools; this model does not offer a satisfactory explanation of the growth in private school enrollments in Chile over time. The effect of the reform on cost-effectiveness is ambiguous. Ministry of Education non-teacher employment declined by over half, cognitive test also declined. There is some evidence that the growth in private school enrollments may have improved overall efficiency since private schools are found to be slightly more cost-effective than public schools.
Details
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Author
Winkler, Donald R. Rounds, Taryn
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Document Date
1993/08/31
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Document Type
Human Capital Working Paper
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Report Number
12240
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Volume No
1
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Total Volume(s)
1
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Disclosure Date
2010/07/01
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Doc Name
Municipal and private sector response to decentralization and school choice
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Keywords
Private School;Primary and Secondary Education;school construction and rehabilitation;Municipalities;socioeconomic status;types of school;test score;private school enrollment;human resource development;high poverty rate;financial information system;child in school;public school system;access to school;availability of data;primary health care;student background characteristic;central government grant;sound financial management;higher test score;central government financing;acute respiratory infection;high school achievement;competition between school;large metropolitan areas;municipal school;real value;private education;fiscal capacities;Municipal Finance;school choice;educational outcome;
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Citation
Winkler, Donald R. Rounds, Taryn
Municipal and private sector response to decentralization and school choice (English). Human resources development and operations policy working papers ; no. HRO 8 Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/632241468766165670/Municipal-and-private-sector-response-to-decentralization-and-school-choice