The sustainable development of ger areas in Ulaanbaatar (UB), the capital city of Mongolia, is one of the critical development issues facing the country. The transition to a market economy and a series of severe winters (called zud) has resulted in the large-scale migration of low-income families into the ger areas of UB. The city represents 39 percent of the nation's population and generates more than 60 percent of Mongolia's gross domestic product (GDP). Clearer policy directions, such as the 'Compact City' concept of the UB Master Plan 2030, have emerged in recent years to control spatial expansion and promote high-density development for the ger areas. However, the government's practices have been inconsistent. These practices are, in part, a result of limited awareness and understanding by the general public, as well as by policy makers, of the public costs of their actions on land management. Also, many supporting mechanisms, including land valuation and taxation, have not yet been properly developed. This economic sector work by the World Bank aims to help policy makers and citizens of UB better understand the consequences of their practices. The report provides information for use in public consultation with stakeholders, which constitutes the core of the policy dialogue exercise. The intent of this report is to clarify the costs and benefits of different development paths. These paths include: (i) conversion of ger areas into apartment building complexes; (ii) gradual improvement of urban services for existing ger areas; and (iii) further expansion of ger areas at the fringe of the city.
Detalhes
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Autor
Kamata, Takuya Reichert, James A. Tsevegmid, Tumentsogt Kim, Yoonhee Sedgewick, Brett
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Data do documento
2010/01/01
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TIpo de documento
Documento de Trabalho
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No. do relatório
63484
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Nº do volume
1
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Total Volume(s)
1
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País
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Região
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Data de divulgação
2011/08/05
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Disclosure Status
Disclosed
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Nome do documento
Mongolia - Enhancing policies and practices for ger area development in Ulaanbaatar
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Palavras-chave
millennium development goal;Public Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility;Solid Waste Management;delivery of infrastructure service;Combined Heat and Power;Urban Development and Housing;lack of employment opportunities;lack of employment opportunity;access to utility services;Foundation for Sustainable Development;water supply and sanitation;primary health care facilities;community infrastructure and services;small number of household;cost of water supply;urban service;land and housing;solid waste collection;high density development;economic sector work;central heating system;Housing and Land;pollution of air;standard of living;real estate market;indoor air quality;cost of service;attractive tourist destination;reason for migration;heat load density;access to health;district heating system;per capita basis;affordability of water;service and infrastructure;value added tax;cost of road;high crime rate;increase in consumption;public transportation system;central water supply;Exchange Rates;urban development policy;solid waste service;regulation of utility;central urban area;negative environmental impact;public utility service;parcel of land;basic urban service;choice of policies;series of workshops;pace of urbanization;
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