The report provides one of the first comprehensive applications of the World Bank’s new integrated SOE framework (iSOEF) in Europe. Based on firm-level data, it provides analytical arguments indicating...
Romania’s income per capita increased from 26 percent of the EU-28 average in 2000 to 64 percent in 2018. Economic growth, however, has been uneven and rests on the foundations of ineffective institutions...
This paper examines productivity growth in Romania using balance sheet data for a census of Romanian firms in 2011-17. Three measures of productivity are estimated: labor productivity, revenue total factor...
Shifting consumer demand and accelerating climate change will further shape the agri-food sector in Croatia in the next decade. Consumers in high value markets in the EU and beyond are shifting their expenditures...
Croatia has made significant economic progress since independence, but the global financial crisis has exposed weaknesses in its economy and growth model. While growth has resumed in 2015, income convergence...
To set the stage for an examination of a low carbon growth path for Slovakia, the country’s performance on greenhouse gas emissions, its obligations under the Paris Agreement and as a member of the European...
The purpose of this position paper is to: (i) assess key interventions in innovation policy indicated in the strategy for responsible development (SRD) endorsed in 2017, and (ii) identify and analyze areas...
Regulatory policy is essential for economic growth and social welfare. Regulations are the rules set by the state to govern the daily life of citizens and businesses. Regulatory policy, the prerogative...
Romania’s transformation has been ‘a tale of two Romania’s’, one urban, dynamic, and integrated with the EU; the other rural, poor, and isolated. The reforms spurred by EU accession boosted productivity...
The Turkish statistical institute (TURKSTAT) has gone through a major revision of its national accounts system. TURKSTAT has undertaken a number of changes simultaneously to align its methodology with...
Turkey’s economy shrank in third quarter amid temporary political turmoil and falling tourism revenues. The contractions on the expenditure side were mirrored by declines on the production side. We revise...
The Turkish statistical institute (TURKSTAT) has gone through a major revision of its national accounts system. TURKSTAT has undertaken a number of changes simultaneously to align its methodology with...
Turkey’s economy shrank in third quarter amid temporary political turmoil and falling tourism revenues. The contractions on the expenditure side were mirrored by declines on the production side. We revise...
This Turkey Regular Economic Brief is a brief that assesses recent economic developments in Turkey and provides World Bank forecasts on key macroeconomic variables. Given that the focus is on the recent...
This Turkey Regular Economic Brief is a brief that assesses recent economic developments in Turkey and provides World Bank forecasts on key macroeconomic variables. Given that the focus is on the recent...
This Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) focuses on the challenges Turkey faces in accumulating productive assets that would enable the economy to grow and incomes to converge with high-income countries...
The objective of this report is to facilitate a productive policy dialogue in support of Armenia’s efforts to build a more dynamic economy capable of thriving in an increasingly knowledge-driven global...
Armenia's economic growth remained resilient in 2014. Output expansion slowed to 3.4 percent in 2014, relative to 3.5 percent in the previous year. On the supply side, while services particularly transport...