Racism and discrimination remain critical barriers to social inclusion and equity with detrimental effects for individuals, societies, and economies. Persistent discrimination and exclusion of marginalized...
This paper conducts a correspondence study to assess demand for soft skills in the context of hiring discrimination in Malaysia. No evidence of gender-based discrimination is found, including in science...
This paper documents the relationship between legal gender equality and the use of financial services, using individual-level data from 148 developed and developing economies. The analysis, which combines...
Many workers are evaluated on their ability to engage with customers. This paper measures the impact of gender-based customer discrimination on the productivity of online sales agents working across Sub-Saharan...
Every person has the right to participate fully in their society and economy and to be recognized as a person before the law. Yet, as many as 1 billion people across the world do not have basic proof of...
Thailand is widely considered progressive among developing and middle-income countries regarding the inclusion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or intersex (LGBTI+) people. Thailand has made progress...
How do crises shape native attitudes towards migrants? A common threat could pro-duce an empathy channel among natives, but the perception of competition for scarce economic resources could just as easily...
This note is produced by the Human Rights, Inclusion and Empowerment (HRIE) Umbrella Program.1 It is a document intended to increase awareness of World Bank staff of what human rights are, why they matter...
Venezuela is currently experiencing the biggest crisis in its recent history. This has led to a large increase in emigration. According to recent estimates, there are a total of 5.6 million Venezuelan...
This brief examines two successful gender equality reforms in the Democratic Republic of Congo : the introduction of the Law on Parity in 2015 and an amendment to the Family Code in 2016. These two examples...
Evidence from high-income countries suggests that judges often exhibit in-group bias, favoring litigants that share an identity with the judge. However, there is little evidence on this phenomenon from...
The principle of comparability of treatment (CoT) is a key element of the G20’s Common Framework for debt restructuring. However, in its current form, is not being enforced, does not distribute the burden...
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is a development issue and a form of violence against women and girls that affects at least 200 million women in the world FGM/C is a harmful practice proven to...
This paper argues that Economics can learn from Cultural Anthropology and Qualitative Sociology by drawing on a judicious mix of qualitative and quantitative methods to become more “reflexive.” It argues...
The Principles on Identification for Sustainable Development, endorsed by 30 organizations, provides a framework for how to design identification (ID) systems that fulfill the promise of inclusive, sustainable...