1. Understanding Poverty

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  • What Determines the Size of Public Employment ? An Empirical Investigation (English)

    This paper explores the determinants of public employment across the world and finds that it is negatively associated with country size (by population) and positively associated with the income level...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS8961 Document Date: August 6, 2019 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Munoz,Ercio

  • Why Some Countries Can Escape the Fiscal Pro-Cyclicality Trap and Others Cannot ? (English)

    This paper analyzes the procyclicality of fiscal policy on the tax and spending sides in a sample of 116 developing countries between 2000 and 2016. About 20 percent of the countries in the sample switched...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS8963 Document Date: August 6, 2019 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Kouame,Wilfried Anicet Kouakou,Mandon,Pierre Jean-Claude

  • Demographic Explosion in the Sahel : Dividend or Burden? (French)

    Like many other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, this sub-group of West and Central African countries has experienced relatively fast drops in mortality but persistently high levels of fertility, which...

    Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 132005 Document Date: September 1, 2016 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Lopez Calix,Jose Roberto,Schneidman,Miriam,Suzuki,Emi,Garba,Abdoulahi,Beguy,Olivier,Kaho,Arsene Richmond,Razafimandimby,Luc,Geli,Patricia,Mijiyawa,Abdoul Ganiou,Balima,Weneyam Hippolyte,Sani,Mahaman,Magassouba,Mahamoud,Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Touqeer,Irum,Megnan,Kolie Ousmane Maurice,Kra,Jean Charles Amon

  • Demographic Explosion in the Sahel : Dividend or Burden? (English)

    Like many other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, this sub-group of West and Central African countries has experienced relatively fast drops in mortality but persistently high levels of fertility, which...

    Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 132005 Document Date: September 1, 2016 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Lopez Calix,Jose Roberto,Schneidman,Miriam,Suzuki,Emi,Garba,Abdoulahi,Beguy,Olivier,Kaho,Arsene Richmond,Razafimandimby,Luc,Zafar,Ali,Geli,Patricia,Mijiyawa,Abdoul Ganiou,Balima,Weneyam Hippolyte,Sani,Mahaman,Magassouba,Mahamoud,Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Touqeer,Irum,Megnan,Kolie Ousmane Maurice,Kra,Jean Charles Amon

  • Long-run growth in Ghana : determinants and prospects (English)

    Ghana's economic growth picked up in the early 2000s and has been exceptionally strong over the past few years, with price booms of its main commodity exports, gold and cocoa, and the initiation of commercial...

    Document Type: Report No.: WPS7115 Document Date: November 1, 2014 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Aykut,Dilek,Herrera Aguilera,Santiago

  • Heterogeneity in returns to investment in education in Egypt (English)

    The paper estimates the rates of return to investment in education in Egypt, allowing for multiple sources of heterogeneity across individuals. The paper finds that, in the period 1998-2006, returns to...

    Document Type: Journal Article Report No.: 82867 Document Date: September 25, 2013 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Mohamed,Karim Badr El-Din,Herrera Aguilera,Santiago

  • Why don't banks lend to Egypt's private sector? (English)

    Bank credit to Egypt's private sector decreased over the last decade, despite a recapitalized banking system and high rates of economic growth. Recent macro-economic turmoil has reinforced the trend. This...

    Document Type: Journal Article Report No.: 79452 Document Date: April 9, 2013 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Hurlin,Christophe,Tadros,Chahir Raouf Zaki

  • Macroeconomic shocks and banking sector developments in Egypt (English)

    From 2008 to 2011, Egypt was hit by significant shocks, both global and country-specific. This paper assesses the impact of the resulting macroeconomic instability on the banking sector, and examines its...

    Document Type: Report No.: WPS6314 Document Date: January 1, 2013 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Youssef,Hoda

  • Internal migration in Egypt : levels, determinants, wages, and likelihood of employment (English)

    This paper describes stylized facts about internal migration and the labor force in Egypt, and shows how internal migration in the country is low compared with international standards. Using aggregate...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS6166 Document Date: August 1, 2012 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Mohamed,Karim Badr El-Din,Herrera Aguilera,Santiago

  • Why don't banks lend to Egypt's private sector ? (English)

    Bank credit to Egypt's private sector decreased over the last decade, despite a recapitalized banking system and high rates of economic growth. Recent macro-economic turmoil has reinforced the trend. This...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS6094 Document Date: June 1, 2012 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Hurlin,Christophe,Tadros,Chahir Raouf Zaki

  • Egypt beyond the crisis : medium-term challenges for sustained growth (English)

    The paper analyzes the impact of the recent global crisis in the context of the previous two decades' growth and capital flows. Growth decomposition exercises show that Egyptian growth is driven mostly...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS5451 Document Date: October 1, 2010 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Youssef,Hoda,Tadros,Chahir Raouf Zaki

  • Public expenditure and consumption volatility (English)

    Recent estimates of the welfare cost of consumption volatility find that it is significant in developing nations, where it may reach an equivalent of reducing consumption by 10 percent per year. Hence...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS4633 Document Date: May 1, 2008 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago,Vincent, Bruno

  • Public expenditure and growth (English)

    Given that public spending will have a positive impact on GDP if the benefits exceed the marginal cost of public funds, the present paper deals with measuring costs and benefits of public spending. The...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS4372 Document Date: October 1, 2007 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago

  • The economic rate of return of World Bank projects (English)

    The recent discussion on the effect of the composition of government expenditure on growth has pointed at public spending on particular projects that remove bottlenecks for growth as a tool to spark virtuous...

    Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 70427 Document Date: September 7, 2005 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Herrera Aguilera,Santiago