Documents & Reports
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Bridging Conflicts and Biodiversity Protection : The Critical Role of Reliable and Comparable Data (English)
Biodiversity is essential for ecological stability, human well-being, and economic progress, providing critical ecosystem services such as clean water, food, and climate regulation. However, it faces unprecedented...
Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS11076 Document Date: February 27, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Brian Blankespoor,Susmita Dasgupta,Wheeler,David
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De Jure and De Facto Coverage of Parental Benefits in Nepal (English)
Women constitute nearly half of the young working age-population in Nepal but are less likely than men to participate in the labor force. When employed, they work largely in informal, or subsistence work...
Document Type: Working Paper (Numbered Series) Report No.: 197453 Document Date: February 19, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Ambika Sharma,Himanshi Jain
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The Role of Subnational Studies in Driving Regulatory Reforms (English)
The World Bank’s Subnational Business Ready (Subnational B-READY) project, the successor to the Subnational Doing Business reports, offers a comprehensive framework for evaluating local business environments...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197458 Document Date: February 5, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Maksym Iavorskyi,Sutanovac, Predrag
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South Africa Economic Update : Learning - Overdue Reforms and Emerging Priorities in Basic Education (English)
In tomorrow’s world, the winners will inevitably be those who possess the knowledge to innovate and adapt to increasingly rapid technological advancements. In contrast, those who lack this knowledge will...
Document Type: Report Report No.: 197003 Document Date: February 4, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: World Bank
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Sierra Leone’s Reform Journey to Advancing Female Entrepreneurship and Financial Inclusion (English)
Access to finance and equal economic opportunities are crucial for female entrepreneurs, fostering business growth and economic participation. Drawing on interviews with key stakeholders involved in the...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197343 Document Date: February 3, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Daniela Monika Behr,Alexis Koumjian Cheney
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Rethinking Teaching Quality : The Role of Engagement in the Teaching and Learning Process (English)
Engaging teaching has emerged as a key approach to fostering children’s socio-emotional and cognitive skills. This policy note draws on findings of a recent comparative study on the LEGO Foundation’s Engage...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197556 Document Date: February 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Diego Luna Bazaldua,Emma Carter
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Awareness, Access, and Perceptions around Parental Benefits among Urban Argentinians (English)
This paper examines parental benefits in Argentina, focusing on their role in addressing gender inequality and labor market challenges during pregnancy and post-childbirth. Drawing on the International...
Document Type: Working Paper (Numbered Series) Report No.: 197190 Document Date: February 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Ludovica Cherchi,Himanshi Jain
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The Deepening Red Sea Shipping Crisis : Impacts and Outlook (English)
The Red Sea crisis has emerged as a critical flashpoint of the conflict in the Middle East, upending global trade and maritime transport, port activity in the MENA region, and ecological balance of the...
Document Type: Economic Updates and Modeling Report No.: 197215 Document Date: February 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Zeljko Bogetic,Luan Zhao,Daria Ulybina,Joanne Matossian,Andres Chamorro,Sahiti Sarva,Yahui Zhao,Weijian Li
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Validating Teaching Observation Tools : A Content-Based Approach for PLAY and Teach Primary (English)
This study compares two tools used to observe and assess how teachers support student learning: the LEGO Foundation’s Engage tool, formerly PLAY, and the World Bank’s Teach Primary tool. The goal was to...
Document Type: Report Report No.: 197557 Document Date: February 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Diego Luna Bazaldua,Emma Jane Carter
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Educated Workers and Managers in the EU-27 (English)
This Brief highlights issues related to the education and skill level of workers and top managers in firms in 27 European Union countries (the EU-27), using the World Bank Enterprise Surveys (WBES). The...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197382 Document Date: January 22, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Mohammad Amin
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Understanding Women’s Lower Participation than Men as Workers, Top Managers, and Owners in Private Firms in the EU-27 Countries (English)
This Brief examines issues related to women’s participation as workers, top managers, and owners of private firms in 27 European Union countries (EU-27), using the rich database of the World Bank Enterprise...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197384 Document Date: January 22, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Mohammad Amin
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Political Engagement, Collective Action, and Influence of Private Firms in the European Union (English)
This Brief studies patterns of political engagement among private firms in the European Union (EU). Using representative data, allowing for analysis at the level of NUTS2 regional groupings (EU regions...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197385 Document Date: January 22, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: David C. Francis
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Establishment Size Distribution in the European Union (English)
This Brief studies the establishment size distribution in the European Union countries. A well-established literature has established that an abundance of small establishments among lower-income countries...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197383 Document Date: January 22, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Nazim Tamkoc
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How Management Practices Differ in the EU-27 (English)
This Brief uses data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys (WBES) in 27 European Union countries (the EU-27) to gain insights into the adoption of management practices in the region's private sector...
Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197381 Document Date: January 22, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Domenico Viganola,Mamadou Yaya Diallo
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The Effects of Early Childhood Development (ECD) Programs on the Socio-emotional Well-being of Children and Caregivers in Refugee and Forced Displacement Settings (English)
Early childhood is a crucial period for skills development and socio-emotional growth. Forcibly displaced children experience significant trauma, necessitating effective interventions. This paper examines...
Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 196698 Document Date: January 21, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Maria Estela Armijo Martinez,Tina Asnake Belaynehe
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Unlocking Potential : Enhancing Education Quality in the Western Balkans Based on Insights from the PIRLS 2021 and PISA 2022 Studies (English)
Western Balkan countries are consistent participants in international learning assessments like the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) and Progress in International Reading Literacy (PIRLS)...
Document Type: Report Report No.: 196308 Document Date: January 13, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Tigran Shmis,Paul Marie Michel Cahu,Brajkovic, Lucia,James Gresham
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What’s at Play? Unpacking the Relationship between Teaching and Learning (English)
Using unique nationally representative school and system survey data from 13 education systems in low and middle-income countries collected through the World Bank’s Global Education Policy Dashboard (GEPD)...
Document Type: Working Paper (Numbered Series) Report No.: 196418 Document Date: January 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Brian Stacy,Maryam Akmal,Halsey Rogers,Sergio Venegas Marin,Hersheena Rajaram,Viyaleta Farysheuskaya
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São Tomé and Príncipe - Unpacking Migration Dynamics : Critical Issues and Policy Recommendations (English)
Sao Tome and Príncipe (STP), a lower-middle-income small island nation, is undergoing a significant wave of emigration, primarily driven by limited job opportunities and economic prospects, particularly...
Document Type: Working Paper (Numbered Series) Report No.: 196370 Document Date: January 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Emma Mercedes Monsalve Montiel,Guillaume Kroll,Barbara Barros Barbosa,Delfim Mampassi E Martins Mawete,Mohamed Boly
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Dinâmicas de Migração e Remessas em São Tomé e Príncipe : Desafios e Recomendações (Portuguese)
Sao Tome and Príncipe (STP), a lower-middle-income small island nation, is undergoing a significant wave of emigration, primarily driven by limited job opportunities and economic prospects, particularly...
Document Type: Working Paper (Numbered Series) Report No.: 196370 Document Date: January 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Emma Mercedes Monsalve Montiel,Guillaume Kroll,Barbara Barros Barbosa,Delfim Mampassi E Martins Mawete,Mohamed Boly
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Clean Tech Value Chains : Using Trade Data to Guide a Complex Policy Space - Part Two : Zooming in on Bulgaria (English)
Bulgarian firms in clean tech value chains demonstrate limited integration within the domestic economy and rely heavily on foreign suppliers, with only 25 percent of their supplier network being domestic...
Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 195674 Document Date: December 17, 2024 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: World Bank