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  • Gender Barriers, Structural Transformation, and Economic Development (English)

    The representation and significance of women in the labor force have grown significantly over the past five decades around the globe. Using nationally representative data from more than 90 countries, this...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS11083 Document Date: March 10, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Chiplunkar,Gaurav,Tatjana Kleineberg

  • Firm-Level Climate Change Adaptation : Micro Evidence from 134 Nations (English)

    Are firms adapting to climate change? This paper studies this question by combining geocoded World Bank Enterprise Survey data with spatially granular weather data to estimate temperature response functions...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS11081 Document Date: March 10, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Claudia N. Berg,Bettarelli,Luca,Furceri,Davide,Ganslmeier,Michael,Arti Grover,Megan Elizabeth Lang,Marc Tobias Schiffbauer

  • Businesses of the State in Brazil : The Impact on Employment and Business Dynamism (English)

    Businesses of the state (BOS) have regained the public debate in midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially as a source of resilience to shocks and a mechanism for technology development and diffusion...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS11082 Document Date: March 6, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Brolhato,Sara,Xavier Cirera,Antonio Soares Martins Neto


  • Collecting Accurate Data on Intimate Partner Violence : Learnings from Pakistan (English)

    Accurate measurement of intimate partner violence is challenging in face-to-face interviews due to concerns about anonymity and privacy, which can deter disclosure. In settings with high illiteracy, self-administered...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS11077 Document Date: March 3, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Iqbal,Nasir,Jalal,Amen,Mahmud,Mahreen,Kate Vyborny




  • Yemen’s Compounding Burdens : From Drought to Hunger (English)

    In this brief the authors combine granular climate data on flooding, drought and extreme heat, and district level food insecurity data and conflict data, to produce district level estimates of the number...

    Document Type: Brief Report No.: 197628 Document Date: March 1, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Alia Jane Aghajanian,Steve Penson,Sandra Baquie,Chitra Balasubramanian,Alan Fuchs,Juul Pinxten

  • Protecting Human Capital During Episodes of Forced Displacement : Ukrainian Children in Italy (English)

    Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, many school-age Ukrainians have sought refuge in other European countries, including Italy, raising the need to protect their human capital and integrate them into...

    Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 197658 Document Date: February 28, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Carlana, Michela,Gero Carletto,Quy-Toan Do,Mauro Testaverde,Marco Tiberti,Alberti, Lorenzo,Alexandra Avdeenko,Pauline Castaing,Marco Costantini,Levin, Ilai,Magnani, Marta,McSweeney, Lucy,Moreau, Gabriel Montreuil,Singh, Mannat



  • Fiscal and Distributional Implications of VAT Reforms in Zimbabwe (English)

    Improving domestic revenue mobilization extremely important for Zimbabwe to create the fiscal space to absorb quasi-fiscal expenditures and support macroeconomic stability. In November 2023, Zimbabwe announced...

    Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 197519 Document Date: February 25, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Dhiraj Sharma,Tawanda Chingozha,Maya Scott Goldman,Indira Iyer,Victor Steenbergen

  • The Fiscal Costs of Monetary and Exchange Rate Policy Distortions in Zimbabwe (English)

    This paper uses a multi-methodological approach to measure the fiscal costs of monetary and exchange rate policy distortions in Zimbabwe. It identifies three channels through which these policy distortions...

    Document Type: Working Paper Report No.: 197520 Document Date: February 25, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Victor Steenbergen,Pindiriri, Carren,Psillos, Jimmy,Marko Kwaramba




  • Road Investment and Violence in DRC : Perishable Peace Dividends (English)

    This paper explores the effect of road rehabilitation on violent conflict using a novel, rich dataset of road rehabilitation projects in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The country received massive external...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS11071 Document Date: February 20, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Mathilde Lebrand,Mueller,Hannes,Schouten,Peer,Jevgenijs Steinbuks

  • Energy Prices, Energy Intensity, and Firm Performance (English)

    This paper estimates the effect of electricity prices on firm performance, focusing on firm productivity, sales, and employment. Using the World Bank Business Pulse Survey data for a sample of 24 emerging...

    Document Type: Policy Research Working Paper Report No.: WPS11069 Document Date: February 19, 2025 Disclosure Status: Disclosed Author: Reyes Aterido,Mariana Iootty,Martin Melecky